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haloacetic acid - Ontology Report - Rat Genome Database

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CHEBI ONTOLOGY - ANNOTATIONS

The Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) ontology is downloaded weekly from EMBL-EBI at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/. The data is made available under the Creative Commons License (CC BY 3.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). For more information see: Degtyarenko et al. (2008) ChEBI: a database and ontology for chemical entities of biological interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D344–D350.

Term:haloacetic acid
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Accession:CHEBI:16277 term browser browse the term
Definition:A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a halogen atom.
Synonyms:related_synonym: Formula=C2H3O2X;   SMILES=OC(=O)C*
 alt_id: CHEBI:14385;   CHEBI:24467;   CHEBI:5608
 xref: KEGG:C01812
 cyclic_relationship: is_conjugate_acid_of CHEBI:85638


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chloroacetic acid term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Atf4 activating transcription factor 4 increases expression
multiple interactions
ISO chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of ATF4 protein
Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of ATF4 protein]
CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr 7:113,684,681...113,686,739
Ensembl chr 7:111,804,183...111,806,446
JBrowse link
G Atf6 activating transcription factor 6 multiple interactions
increases cleavage
ISO Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of ATF6 protein] CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr13:85,460,312...85,639,959
Ensembl chr13:82,930,034...83,107,177
JBrowse link
G Bax BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator multiple interactions
increases expression
ISO SB 203580 inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of BAX mRNA] CTD PMID:23103613 NCBI chr 1:105,076,472...105,081,906
Ensembl chr 1:95,938,808...95,945,368
JBrowse link
G Bcl2 BCL2, apoptosis regulator decreases expression
multiple interactions
ISO chloroacetic acid results in decreased expression of BCL2 mRNA
SB 203580 inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in decreased expression of BCL2 mRNA]
CTD PMID:23103613 NCBI chr13:23,204,464...23,366,900
Ensembl chr13:22,684,989...22,853,743
Ensembl chr13:22,684,989...22,853,743
JBrowse link
G Capn1 calpain 1 multiple interactions
increases expression
ISO Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of CAPN1 protein] CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr 1:212,705,219...212,736,134
Ensembl chr 1:203,277,344...203,300,177
JBrowse link
G Capn2 calpain 2 multiple interactions
increases expression
ISO Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of CAPN2 protein] CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr13:96,681,902...96,732,625
Ensembl chr13:94,150,240...94,200,969
JBrowse link
G Casp12 caspase 12 multiple interactions ISO Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of and results in increased activity of CASP12 protein]; chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of and results in increased activity of CASP12 protein; HSP90B1 protein promotes the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of and results in increased activity of CASP12 protein]; HSPA5 protein promotes the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of and results in increased activity of CASP12 protein] CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr 8:10,927,188...10,954,442
Ensembl chr 8:2,642,434...2,674,037
JBrowse link
G Casp3 caspase 3 multiple interactions
increases cleavage
ISO chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of and results in increased activity of CASP3 protein; HSP90B1 protein promotes the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of CASP3 protein]; HSPA5 protein promotes the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of CASP3 protein]; SB 203580 inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased activity of CASP3 protein] CTD PMID:23103613 PMID:25451595 NCBI chr16:52,395,539...52,413,794
Ensembl chr16:45,662,910...45,684,648
JBrowse link
G Casp7 caspase 7 multiple interactions ISO chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of and results in increased activity of CASP7 protein; SB 203580 inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased activity of CASP7 protein] CTD PMID:23103613 NCBI chr 1:265,442,647...265,481,938
Ensembl chr 1:255,437,172...255,476,729
JBrowse link
G Casp9 caspase 9 increases cleavage ISO chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of CASP9 protein CTD PMID:23103613 Ensembl chr 5:154,109,046...154,126,626 JBrowse link
G Ddit3 DNA-damage inducible transcript 3 multiple interactions
increases expression
ISO Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of DDIT3 protein]
chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of DDIT3 mRNA; chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of DDIT3 protein
CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr 7:65,001,695...65,006,517
Ensembl chr 7:63,116,380...63,121,201
JBrowse link
G Eif2a eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A increases phosphorylation
multiple interactions
ISO chloroacetic acid results in increased phosphorylation of EIF2A protein
Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased phosphorylation of EIF2A protein]
CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr 2:144,911,247...144,944,705
Ensembl chr 2:142,761,416...142,795,068
JBrowse link
G Eif2ak3 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 multiple interactions
increases phosphorylation
ISO Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased phosphorylation of EIF2AK3 protein] CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr 4:104,363,838...104,425,271
Ensembl chr 4:102,805,510...102,866,911
JBrowse link
G Ern1 endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1 increases phosphorylation
multiple interactions
ISO chloroacetic acid results in increased phosphorylation of ERN1 protein
Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased phosphorylation of ERN1 protein]
CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr10:91,826,663...91,920,976
Ensembl chr10:91,330,654...91,421,029
JBrowse link
G G6pc1 glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 decreases expression ISO chloroacetic acid results in decreased expression of G6PC1 mRNA; chloroacetic acid results in decreased expression of G6PC1 protein CTD PMID:28189721 NCBI chr10:86,807,659...86,819,023
Ensembl chr10:86,257,668...86,333,804
JBrowse link
G Gapdh glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase decreases activity EXP chloroacetic acid results in decreased activity of GAPDH protein CTD PMID:15720133 NCBI chr 4:159,648,592...159,653,436
Ensembl chr 4:157,962,343...157,966,235
JBrowse link
G Gk glycerol kinase multiple interactions
decreases expression
ISO [ethylene dichloride metabolite results in increased abundance of chloroacetic acid] which results in decreased expression of GK mRNA
chloroacetic acid results in decreased expression of GK mRNA
CTD PMID:28960355 NCBI chr  X:54,106,708...54,189,940
Ensembl chr  X:50,163,123...50,238,631
JBrowse link
G Hmox1 heme oxygenase 1 multiple interactions EXP [vinylidene chloride co-treated with chloroacetic acid] results in increased expression of HMOX1 protein CTD PMID:9860887 NCBI chr19:13,452,365...13,479,823
Ensembl chr19:13,467,244...13,474,079
JBrowse link
G Hsp90b1 heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1 increases expression
multiple interactions
ISO chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of HSP90B1 mRNA; chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of HSP90B1 protein
Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of HSP90B1 protein]; HSP90B1 protein promotes the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of and results in increased activity of CASP12 protein]; HSP90B1 protein promotes the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of CASP3 protein]
CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr 7:22,997,962...23,012,293
Ensembl chr 7:21,110,457...21,124,788
JBrowse link
G Hspa5 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5 multiple interactions
increases expression
ISO Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of HSPA5 protein]; HSPA5 protein promotes the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of and results in increased activity of CASP12 protein]; HSPA5 protein promotes the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of CASP3 protein]
chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of HSPA5 mRNA; chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of HSPA5 protein
CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr 3:38,453,016...38,457,475
Ensembl chr 3:18,055,405...18,059,891
JBrowse link
G Hspd1 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 multiple interactions EXP [vinylidene chloride co-treated with chloroacetic acid] results in increased expression of HSPD1 protein CTD PMID:9860887 NCBI chr 9:64,073,610...64,084,332
Ensembl chr 9:56,579,201...56,589,662
JBrowse link
G Igf1 insulin-like growth factor 1 decreases expression ISO chloroacetic acid results in decreased expression of IGF1 mRNA; chloroacetic acid results in decreased expression of IGF1 protein CTD PMID:31520740 NCBI chr 7:24,169,608...24,249,446
Ensembl chr 7:22,282,930...22,359,296
JBrowse link
G Mbp myelin basic protein affects expression EXP chloroacetic acid affects the expression of MBP mRNA CTD PMID:22954530 NCBI chr18:78,130,652...78,241,174
Ensembl chr18:75,855,878...75,966,404
JBrowse link
G Mcl1 MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member decreases expression ISO chloroacetic acid results in decreased expression of MCL1 mRNA CTD PMID:23103613 NCBI chr 2:185,884,840...185,912,532
Ensembl chr 2:183,219,220...183,222,303
JBrowse link
G Mir451a microRNA 451a multiple interactions
increases expression
ISO [ethylene dichloride metabolite results in increased abundance of chloroacetic acid] which results in increased expression of MIR451A mRNA
chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of MIR451A mRNA
CTD PMID:28960355 NCBI chr10:63,459,569...63,459,640
Ensembl chr10:62,961,520...62,961,591
JBrowse link
G Parp1 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 increases cleavage ISO chloroacetic acid results in increased cleavage of PARP1 protein CTD PMID:23103613 NCBI chr13:94,839,484...94,871,295
Ensembl chr13:92,307,586...92,339,404
JBrowse link
G Pygl glycogen phosphorylase L decreases expression ISO chloroacetic acid results in decreased expression of PYGL mRNA; chloroacetic acid results in decreased expression of PYGL protein CTD PMID:28189721 NCBI chr 6:94,433,558...94,476,219
Ensembl chr 6:88,697,593...88,740,310
JBrowse link
G Xbp1 X-box binding protein 1 multiple interactions
increases expression
ISO Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of XBP1 protein alternative form]
chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of XBP1 mRNA alternative form; chloroacetic acid results in increased expression of XBP1 protein alternative form
CTD PMID:25451595 NCBI chr14:84,604,623...84,609,707
Ensembl chr14:80,390,643...80,395,693
JBrowse link
fluoroacetic acid term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Ckm creatine kinase, M-type increases secretion ISO fluoroacetic acid results in increased secretion of CKM protein CTD PMID:31957492 NCBI chr 1:79,061,390...79,071,721
Ensembl chr 1:79,061,456...79,071,720
JBrowse link
G Eno2 enolase 2 increases secretion ISO fluoroacetic acid results in increased secretion of ENO2 protein CTD PMID:31957492 NCBI chr 4:159,258,371...159,267,220
Ensembl chr 4:157,572,088...157,580,980
JBrowse link
iodoacetic acid term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Aifm1 apoptosis inducing factor, mitochondria associated 1 increases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in increased expression of AIFM1 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr  X:132,528,107...132,567,237
Ensembl chr  X:127,650,226...127,689,256
JBrowse link
G Bax BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator increases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in increased expression of BAX mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 1:105,076,472...105,081,906
Ensembl chr 1:95,938,808...95,945,368
JBrowse link
G Bcl2 BCL2, apoptosis regulator decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of BCL2 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr13:23,204,464...23,366,900
Ensembl chr13:22,684,989...22,853,743
Ensembl chr13:22,684,989...22,853,743
JBrowse link
G Bcl2l10 Bcl2-like 10 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of BCL2L10 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 8:84,987,833...84,993,878
Ensembl chr 8:76,107,326...76,113,367
JBrowse link
G Ccl2 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of CCL2 mRNA CTD PMID:23397585 NCBI chr10:67,503,077...67,504,875
Ensembl chr10:67,005,424...67,007,226
JBrowse link
G Ccna2 cyclin A2 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of CCNA2 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 2:121,355,363...121,361,762
Ensembl chr 2:119,426,089...119,433,577
JBrowse link
G Ccnb1 cyclin B1 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of CCNB1 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 2:33,646,252...33,655,225
Ensembl chr 2:31,912,193...31,921,172
JBrowse link
G Ccnd2 cyclin D2 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of CCND2 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 4:161,653,048...161,675,422
Ensembl chr 4:159,962,363...159,989,495
JBrowse link
G Ccne1 cyclin E1 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of CCNE1 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 1:99,918,672...99,927,986
Ensembl chr 1:90,781,949...90,791,101
JBrowse link
G Cdk4 cyclin-dependent kinase 4 increases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in increased expression of CDK4 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 7:64,771,453...64,774,891
Ensembl chr 7:62,883,105...62,942,403
JBrowse link
G Cdkn1a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A increases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in increased expression of CDKN1A mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 PMID:34453833 NCBI chr20:7,150,820...7,161,373
Ensembl chr20:7,149,217...7,159,585
JBrowse link
G Cga glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of CGA mRNA CTD PMID:34453833 NCBI chr 5:54,283,109...54,295,464
Ensembl chr 5:49,487,068...49,499,191
JBrowse link
G Cyp11a1 cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 increases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in increased expression of CYP11A1 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 8:67,318,665...67,330,196
Ensembl chr 8:58,404,669...58,434,338
JBrowse link
G Cyp17a1 cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of CYP17A1 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 1:255,476,861...255,484,547
Ensembl chr 1:245,535,462...245,541,573
JBrowse link
G Cyp19a1 cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of CYP19A1 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 8:63,449,148...63,476,534
Ensembl chr 8:54,553,165...54,580,758
JBrowse link
G Esr1 estrogen receptor 1 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of ESR1 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 1:43,511,685...43,904,454
Ensembl chr 1:41,210,475...41,495,002
JBrowse link
G Fshb follicle stimulating hormone subunit beta increases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in increased expression of FSHB mRNA CTD PMID:34453833 NCBI chr 3:114,003,262...114,007,072
Ensembl chr 3:93,548,560...93,552,370
JBrowse link
G Grk1 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 1 multiple interactions ISO [Nitrogen co-treated with Iodoacetic Acid] results in increased expression of GRK1 mRNA; Octreotide affects the reaction [SSTR1 protein affects the reaction [[Nitrogen co-treated with Iodoacetic Acid] results in increased expression of GRK1 mRNA]]; Octreotide inhibits the reaction [[Nitrogen co-treated with Iodoacetic Acid] results in increased expression of GRK1 mRNA]; SSTR1 protein affects the reaction [[Nitrogen co-treated with Iodoacetic Acid] results in increased expression of GRK1 mRNA] CTD PMID:18624922 NCBI chr16:76,122,501...76,135,792
Ensembl chr16:76,123,842...76,135,792
JBrowse link
G Hras HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase increases response to substance ISO HRAS protein modified form results in increased susceptibility to Iodoacetic Acid CTD PMID:19923925 NCBI chr 1:205,712,625...205,729,406
Ensembl chr 1:196,296,263...196,300,615
JBrowse link
G Hsd17b1 hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 1 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of HSD17B1 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr10:86,510,011...86,512,211
Ensembl chr10:86,009,728...86,011,927
JBrowse link
G Hsd3b1 hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 1 increases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in increased expression of HSD3B1 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 2:188,858,574...188,864,694
Ensembl chr 2:186,169,863...186,175,999
JBrowse link
G Id2 inhibitor of DNA binding 2 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of ID2 mRNA CTD PMID:23397585 NCBI chr 6:47,469,162...47,470,995
Ensembl chr 6:41,728,946...41,744,400
JBrowse link
G Id3 inhibitor of DNA binding 3 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of ID3 mRNA CTD PMID:23397585 NCBI chr 5:153,656,253...153,657,860
Ensembl chr 5:148,372,762...148,374,349
JBrowse link
G Kiss1 KiSS-1 metastasis-suppressor increases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in increased expression of KISS1 mRNA CTD PMID:34453833 NCBI chr13:47,327,159...47,332,759
Ensembl chr13:44,774,823...44,780,612
JBrowse link
G Klf9 KLF transcription factor 9 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of KLF9 mRNA CTD PMID:23397585 NCBI chr 1:230,126,646...230,151,641
Ensembl chr 1:220,700,108...220,725,037
JBrowse link
G Lhb luteinizing hormone subunit beta decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of LHB mRNA CTD PMID:34453833 NCBI chr 1:105,037,457...105,038,446
Ensembl chr 1:95,900,984...95,901,972
Ensembl chr 1:95,900,984...95,901,972
JBrowse link
G Mki67 marker of proliferation Ki-67 decreases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in decreased expression of MKI67 mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr 1:199,926,150...199,952,847
Ensembl chr 1:190,496,319...190,522,762
JBrowse link
G Parp1 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 increases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in increased expression of PARP1 protein modified form CTD PMID:25944804 NCBI chr13:94,839,484...94,871,295
Ensembl chr13:92,307,586...92,339,404
JBrowse link
G Rgs1 regulator of G-protein signaling 1 multiple interactions ISO [Nitrogen co-treated with Iodoacetic Acid] results in increased expression of RGS1 mRNA; Octreotide inhibits the reaction [[Nitrogen co-treated with Iodoacetic Acid] results in increased expression of RGS1 mRNA]; SSTR1 protein affects the reaction [[Nitrogen co-treated with Iodoacetic Acid] results in increased expression of RGS1 mRNA] CTD PMID:18624922 NCBI chr13:56,018,546...56,022,889
Ensembl chr13:56,018,554...56,022,984
JBrowse link
G Sstr1 somatostatin receptor 1 multiple interactions ISO Octreotide affects the reaction [SSTR1 protein affects the reaction [[Nitrogen co-treated with Iodoacetic Acid] results in increased expression of GRK1 mRNA]]; SSTR1 protein affects the reaction [[Nitrogen co-treated with Iodoacetic Acid] results in increased expression of GRK1 mRNA]; SSTR1 protein affects the reaction [[Nitrogen co-treated with Iodoacetic Acid] results in increased expression of RGS1 mRNA] CTD PMID:18624922 NCBI chr 6:81,567,237...81,571,759
Ensembl chr 6:75,832,530...75,836,802
JBrowse link
G Star steroidogenic acute regulatory protein increases expression ISO Iodoacetic Acid results in increased expression of STAR mRNA CTD PMID:31693920 NCBI chr16:72,969,824...72,974,447
Ensembl chr16:66,264,807...66,271,672
JBrowse link
N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-2-chloroacetamide term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Cyp3a2 cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 2 increases abundance
increases chemical synthesis
multiple interactions
ISO CYP3A4 protein results in increased abundance of 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide
CYP3A4 protein results in increased chemical synthesis of 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide
[CYP3A4 protein results in increased metabolism of alachlor] which results in increased abundance of 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide
CTD PMID:10475613 PMID:18273908 NCBI chr12:14,321,771...14,343,886
Ensembl chr12:9,015,383...9,285,008
JBrowse link

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Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 19887
    role 19858
      application 19697
        food additive 16851
          food acidity regulator 11983
            acetic acid 11091
              haloacetic acid 59
                chloroacetic acid + 29
                fluoroacetic acid + 2
                iodoacetic acid 31
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 19887
    subatomic particle 19885
      composite particle 19885
        hadron 19885
          baryon 19885
            nucleon 19885
              atomic nucleus 19885
                atom 19885
                  main group element atom 19824
                    p-block element atom 19824
                      carbon group element atom 19763
                        carbon atom 19760
                          organic molecular entity 19760
                            heteroorganic entity 19521
                              organochalcogen compound 19282
                                organooxygen compound 19197
                                  carbon oxoacid 18676
                                    carboxylic acid 18673
                                      monocarboxylic acid 18012
                                        acetic acid 11091
                                          haloacetic acid 59
                                            chloroacetic acid + 29
                                            fluoroacetic acid + 2
                                            iodoacetic acid 31
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