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RGD DISEASE ONTOLOGY - ANNOTATIONS

RGD uses the Human Disease Ontology (DO, https://disease-ontology.org/) for disease curation across species. RGD automatically downloads each new release of the ontology on a monthly basis. Some additional terms which are required for RGD's curation purposes but are not currently covered in the official version of DO have been added. As corresponding terms are added to DO, these custom terms are retired and the DO terms substituted in existing annotations and subsequently used for curation.
Term:Down syndrome
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Accession:DOID:14250 term browser browse the term
Definition:A chromosomal disease that is characterized by flat-looking facial features and weak muscle tone (hypotonia) in infancy and is caused by trisomy of all or a critical portion of chromosome 21 and is associated with intellectual disability. (DO)
Synonyms:exact_synonym: 47,XX,+21;   47,XY,+21;   Down's syndrome;   Down's syndrome - trisomy 21;   Downs syndrome;   Mongolism;   Partial Trisomy 21 Down Syndrome;   Trisomy 21;   complete trisomy 21 syndrome;   trisomy 21 syndrome;   trisomy 21, meiotic nondisjunction;   trisomy 21, mitotic nondisjunction;   trisomy G
 narrow_synonym: DCR;   DSCR;   Down syndrome, critical region;   TRISOMY 21 DOWN SYNDROME CHROMOSOME REGION;   megakaryoblastic leukemia of Down syndrome
 related_synonym: Down syndrome, susceptibility to
 primary_id: MESH:D004314
 alt_id: OMIM:190685
 xref: EFO:0001064;   GARD:10247;   ICD10CM:Q90;   ICD9CM:758.0;   NCI:C2993;   NCI:C43224;   ORDO:870
For additional species annotation, visit the Alliance of Genome Resources.


show annotations for term's descendants           Sort by:
Down syndrome term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Actr1a actin related protein 1A ISO protein:decreased expression:cortex RGD PMID:11829462 RGD:13831340 NCBI chr 1:245,237,821...245,256,618
Ensembl chr 1:245,237,826...245,256,495 		JBrowse link
G Alms1 ALMS1, centrosome and basal body associated protein ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Complete trisomy 21 syndrome ClinVar PMID:28492532 PMID:30311386 NCBI chr 4:118,125,581...118,226,005
Ensembl chr 4:118,125,607...118,226,005 		JBrowse link
G Arpc4 actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 4 ISO protein:decreased expression:cerebral cortex (human) RGD PMID:12054546 RGD:11570562 NCBI chr 4:146,522,255...146,532,784
Ensembl chr 4:146,522,176...146,532,785 		JBrowse link
G Bnip1 BCL2 interacting protein 1 ISO mRNA:decreased expression:amniotic fluid cell: RGD PMID:15716609 RGD:14398459 NCBI chr10:16,386,876...16,399,124
Ensembl chr10:16,386,841...16,399,157 		JBrowse link
G Brip1 BRCA1 interacting helicase 1 ISO protein:increased ubiquitination:frontal cortex (human) RGD PMID:25391381 RGD:11252150 NCBI chr10:70,907,266...71,031,502
Ensembl chr10:70,907,371...71,030,324 		JBrowse link
G Calca calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:16289943 NCBI chr 1:168,878,212...168,883,176
Ensembl chr 1:168,878,214...168,883,105 		JBrowse link
G Col11a2 collagen type XI alpha 2 chain ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Complete trisomy 21 syndrome ClinVar PMID:28492532 PMID:30311386 NCBI chr20:4,786,932...4,816,598
Ensembl chr20:4,786,929...4,815,985 		JBrowse link
G Ctss cathepsin S ISO RGD PMID:7717452 RGD:5686914 NCBI chr 2:183,086,437...183,114,483
Ensembl chr 2:183,086,437...183,114,483 		JBrowse link
G Dbn1 drebrin 1 ISO protein:decreased expression:frontal cortex, temporal cortex: RGD PMID:12009525 RGD:10398822 NCBI chr17:9,150,608...9,164,982
Ensembl chr17:9,150,659...9,164,984 		JBrowse link
G Dyrk1a dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A treatment ISO
ISS		 protein:increased expression:brain:
protein:increased expression:brain (human)
OMIM:190685		 MouseDO
RGD		 PMID:28647555 PMID:18696092 PMID:23220201 PMID:18658135 RGD:14973377, RGD:14974029, RGD:14974030, RGD:401940180 NCBI chr11:33,890,706...34,009,420
Ensembl chr11:33,890,490...34,009,420 		JBrowse link
G Ercc2 ERCC excision repair 2, TFIIH core complex helicase subunit ISO protein:increased expression:brain RGD PMID:9714461 RGD:5688738 NCBI chr 1:79,033,342...79,047,102
Ensembl chr 1:79,033,326...79,047,102 		JBrowse link
G Ercc3 ERCC excision repair 3, TFIIH core complex helicase subunit ISO mRNA:increased expression:brain (human) RGD PMID:10328528 RGD:13207452 NCBI chr18:23,883,613...23,914,326
Ensembl chr18:23,883,580...23,914,329 		JBrowse link
G Fabp3 fatty acid binding protein 3 ISO protein:decreased expression:cerebral cortex (human) RGD PMID:15068254 RGD:1578460 NCBI chr 5:142,651,962...142,658,707
Ensembl chr 5:142,651,956...142,658,718 		JBrowse link
G Gart phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase, phosphoribosylglycinamide synthetase, phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthetase ISO protein:increased expression:cerebellum (human) RGD PMID:9328467 RGD:5143983 NCBI chr11:30,864,896...30,891,125
Ensembl chr11:30,865,889...30,891,125 		JBrowse link
G Gata1 GATA binding protein 1 ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Complete trisomy 21 syndrome | ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Down syndrome ClinVar PMID:16783379 PMID:22706301 PMID:23704091 PMID:24453067 PMID:25741868 More... NCBI chr  X:14,529,706...14,537,530
Ensembl chr  X:14,529,702...14,537,530 		JBrowse link
G Gdi2 GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 ISO protein:decreased expression:brain (human) RGD PMID:11771757 RGD:13208830 NCBI chr17:66,649,616...66,676,299
Ensembl chr17:66,649,619...66,676,366 		JBrowse link
G Gstm2 glutathione S-transferase mu 2 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:11771762 NCBI chr 2:195,624,015...195,628,774
Ensembl chr 2:195,544,426...195,628,961 		JBrowse link
G Hnmt histamine N-methyltransferase ISO RGD PMID:11880199 RGD:5509779 NCBI chr 3:6,591,804...6,623,821
Ensembl chr 3:6,591,463...6,624,012 		JBrowse link
G Hspd1 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 ISO RGD PMID:12515899 RGD:10402838 NCBI chr 9:56,579,195...56,590,011
Ensembl chr 9:56,579,201...56,589,662 		JBrowse link
G Igfbp3 insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 ISO protein:increased expression:blood: RGD PMID:9469274 RGD:12743600 NCBI chr14:82,056,347...82,064,083
Ensembl chr14:82,056,347...82,064,083 		JBrowse link
G Kcnj6 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 6 ISO protein:increased expression:hippocampus RGD PMID:22178330 RGD:6483052 NCBI chr11:34,061,702...34,308,758
Ensembl chr11:34,061,708...34,308,758 		JBrowse link
G Mir125b2 microRNA 125b-2 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:29403643 NCBI chr11:16,245,620...16,245,707 JBrowse link
G Mir155 microRNA 155 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:29403643 NCBI chr11:23,774,654...23,774,718
Ensembl chr11:23,774,654...23,774,718 		JBrowse link
G Mir802 microRNA 802 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:29403643 NCBI chr11:32,626,525...32,626,620
Ensembl chr11:32,626,525...32,626,620 		JBrowse link
G Mir99a microRNA 99a ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:29403643 NCBI chr11:16,200,443...16,200,523
Ensembl chr11:16,200,443...16,200,523 		JBrowse link
G Mirlet7c1 microRNA let-7c-1 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:29403643 NCBI chr11:16,201,163...16,201,256
Ensembl chr11:16,201,158...16,201,265 		JBrowse link
G Mmp9 matrix metallopeptidase 9 ISO RGD PMID:24519975 RGD:13204810 NCBI chr 3:153,684,158...153,692,118
Ensembl chr 3:153,683,858...153,692,120 		JBrowse link
G Mthfd1 methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, cyclohydrolase and formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase 1 susceptibility
no_association		 ISO DNA:SNP:cds:1958 G>A (rs2236225)(human)
DNA:SNP:cds:1958G>A(human)
protein:increased expression:brain:		 RGD PMID:25671679 PMID:22339736 PMID:15068241 RGD:12910959, RGD:12910960, RGD:12914150 NCBI chr 6:94,977,862...95,045,375
Ensembl chr 6:94,977,862...95,045,372 		JBrowse link
G Mthfr methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase susceptibility ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
DNA:SNPs:cds:c.677C>T,c.1298A>C (human)		 CTD
RGD		 PMID:16353284 PMID:16489479 PMID:16845273 PMID:17431899 PMID:16489479 RGD:11565177 NCBI chr 5:158,465,248...158,484,999
Ensembl chr 5:158,465,296...158,483,797 		JBrowse link
G Mtrr 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Down syndrome, susceptibility to ClinVar PMID:9501215 PMID:10444342 PMID:10500018 PMID:10930360 PMID:12375236 More... NCBI chr 1:34,866,991...34,899,425
Ensembl chr 1:34,867,089...34,899,425 		JBrowse link
G Myl7 myosin light chain 7 ISO RGD PMID:12083776 RGD:1580934 NCBI chr14:80,780,684...80,783,259
Ensembl chr14:80,779,776...80,783,244 		JBrowse link
G Napb NSF attachment protein beta ISO protein:decreased expression:temporal cortex RGD PMID:11244216 RGD:10412652 NCBI chr 3:136,132,248...136,179,280
Ensembl chr 3:136,133,428...136,179,345 		JBrowse link
G Ntf3 neurotrophin 3 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:16289943 NCBI chr 4:158,914,984...158,984,453
Ensembl chr 4:158,914,957...158,984,596 		JBrowse link
G Pcnt pericentrin ISO RGD PMID:23979692 PMID:22552340 RGD:11537399, RGD:11537404 NCBI chr20:12,190,597...12,278,723
Ensembl chr20:12,191,648...12,278,710 		JBrowse link
G Pik3ca phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Down syndrome ClinVar PMID:25741868 NCBI chr 2:115,175,275...115,249,034
Ensembl chr 2:115,174,984...115,249,032 		JBrowse link
G Prdx2 peroxiredoxin 2 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:11771762 NCBI chr19:23,180,927...23,186,217
Ensembl chr19:23,180,930...23,186,194 		JBrowse link
G Prdx6 peroxiredoxin 6 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:11771762 NCBI chr13:73,528,746...73,539,295
Ensembl chr13:73,528,210...73,539,355 		JBrowse link
G Rcan1 regulator of calcineurin 1 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:15906378 NCBI chr11:31,622,208...31,702,150
Ensembl chr11:31,622,210...31,702,045 		JBrowse link
G Reln reelin ISO protein: increased expression: brain RGD PMID:20025970 RGD:13207521 NCBI chr 4:12,736,177...13,162,956
Ensembl chr 4:12,736,130...13,162,211 		JBrowse link
G Rnf212 ring finger protein 212 ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Complete trisomy 21 syndrome ClinVar NCBI chr14:949,397...988,377
Ensembl chr14:949,448...987,831 		JBrowse link
G Rplp0 ribosomal protein lateral stalk subunit P0 IEP protein:increased expression:brain RGD PMID:25261685 RGD:11039463 NCBI chr12:41,054,363...41,057,632
Ensembl chr12:41,054,179...41,057,632 		JBrowse link
G S100b S100 calcium binding protein B ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:12888777 NCBI chr20:12,372,866...12,381,619
Ensembl chr20:12,372,881...12,394,743 		JBrowse link
G Slc19a1 solute carrier family 19 member 1 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:16845273 PMID:17431899 NCBI chr20:11,584,410...11,602,429
Ensembl chr20:11,584,411...11,601,972 		JBrowse link
G Snap25 synaptosome associated protein 25 ISO RGD PMID:12499044 RGD:1579958 NCBI chr 3:124,041,898...124,123,761
Ensembl chr 3:124,041,898...124,123,760 		JBrowse link
G Sod1 superoxide dismutase 1 ISO human gene in a mouse model
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism		 CTD
RGD		 PMID:11181815 PMID:15464862 RGD:8655616 NCBI chr11:29,456,673...29,462,249
Ensembl chr11:29,456,558...29,462,249 		JBrowse link
G Srsf4 serine and arginine rich splicing factor 4 ISO protein:increased expression:amniotic fluid (human) RGD PMID:16847874 RGD:11039402 NCBI chr 5:144,060,981...144,090,798
Ensembl chr 5:144,061,463...144,089,229 		JBrowse link
G Timp1 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 ISO RGD PMID:24519975 RGD:13204810 NCBI chr  X:1,212,969...1,217,714
Ensembl chr  X:1,212,972...1,217,664 		JBrowse link
G Tuba1a tubulin, alpha 1A ISO protein:decreased expression:brain: RGD PMID:21262400 RGD:12859084 NCBI chr 7:130,113,214...130,116,880
Ensembl chr 7:130,081,032...130,196,186 		JBrowse link
G Vip vasoactive intestinal peptide ISO mRNA:increased expression:brain
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism		 CTD
RGD		 PMID:16289943 PMID:19037032 RGD:5685613 NCBI chr 1:42,064,878...42,073,219
Ensembl chr 1:42,065,120...42,073,216 		JBrowse link
myeloid leukemia associated with Down Syndrome term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Ctcf CCCTC-binding factor ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in down syndrome		 CTD
ClinVar		 PMID:24056718 PMID:27993330 NCBI chr19:33,521,726...33,571,124
Ensembl chr19:33,529,319...33,571,123 		JBrowse link
G Dcaf7 DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 7 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:24056718 NCBI chr10:90,974,095...90,996,275
Ensembl chr10:90,974,095...90,996,275 		JBrowse link
G Ezh2 enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:24056718 NCBI chr 4:76,624,399...76,687,362
Ensembl chr 4:76,624,399...76,687,362 		JBrowse link
G Gata1 GATA binding protein 1 ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in down syndrome | ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Leukemia, megakaryoblastic, of Down syndrome ClinVar
RGD		 PMID:12172547 PMID:16783379 PMID:22706301 PMID:23704091 PMID:24453067 More... RGD:10450612 NCBI chr  X:14,529,706...14,537,530
Ensembl chr  X:14,529,702...14,537,530 		JBrowse link
G Jak1 Janus kinase 1 ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in down syndrome ClinVar PMID:27993330 NCBI chr 5:115,780,248...115,888,841
Ensembl chr 5:115,780,248...115,888,926 		JBrowse link
G Kansl1 KAT8 regulatory NSL complex subunit 1 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:24056718 NCBI chr10:89,237,667...89,368,735
Ensembl chr10:89,237,667...89,366,951 		JBrowse link
G Mfsd11 major facilitator superfamily domain containing 11 ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in down syndrome ClinVar PMID:27993330 NCBI chr10:102,055,516...102,075,064
Ensembl chr10:102,056,051...102,075,064 		JBrowse link
G Nras NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in down syndrome		 CTD
ClinVar		 PMID:2407301 PMID:2674680 PMID:2989702 PMID:8120410 PMID:16291983 More... NCBI chr 2:190,582,885...190,593,509
Ensembl chr 2:190,582,918...190,591,626 		JBrowse link
G Ptpn11 protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11 ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in down syndrome ClinVar PMID:15384080 PMID:16358218 PMID:16804314 PMID:17020470 PMID:24803665 More... NCBI chr12:35,365,436...35,424,925
Ensembl chr12:35,383,144...35,424,925 		JBrowse link
G Rad21 RAD21 cohesin complex component ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in down syndrome		 CTD
ClinVar		 PMID:24056718 PMID:27993330 NCBI chr 7:83,287,867...83,314,810
Ensembl chr 7:83,287,870...83,314,817 		JBrowse link
G Srsf2 serine and arginine rich splicing factor 2 ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in down syndrome ClinVar PMID:27993330 NCBI chr10:102,052,158...102,055,365
Ensembl chr10:102,052,314...102,055,338 		JBrowse link
G Stag2 STAG2 cohesin complex component ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:24056718 NCBI chr  X:120,974,687...121,105,677
Ensembl chr  X:120,974,857...121,105,677 		JBrowse link
G Tp53 tumor protein p53 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism CTD PMID:24056718 NCBI chr10:54,300,070...54,311,525
Ensembl chr10:54,300,048...54,311,524 		JBrowse link
transient myeloproliferative syndrome term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Gata1 GATA binding protein 1 ISO CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Transient myeloproliferative syndrome		 CTD
OMIM
ClinVar
RGD		 PMID:24056718 PMID:27993330 PMID:14636651 RGD:10450612 NCBI chr  X:14,529,706...14,537,530
Ensembl chr  X:14,529,702...14,537,530 		JBrowse link
G Runx1 RUNX family transcription factor 1 ISO ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Transient myeloproliferative disorder of Down syndrome ClinVar PMID:10068652 PMID:12200707 PMID:15156185 PMID:23817177 PMID:28492532 NCBI chr11:31,839,880...32,074,427
Ensembl chr11:31,843,764...32,074,542 		JBrowse link
Term paths to the root
Path 1
Term Annotations click to browse term
  disease 18969
    syndrome 10889
      chromosomal duplication syndrome 1107
        Trisomy 370
          Down syndrome 62
            5-Hydroxytryptamine Oxygenase Regulator 0
            Beta-Amino Acids, Renal Transport of 0
            Down Syndrome Critical Region 0
            myeloid leukemia associated with Down Syndrome 13
            transient myeloproliferative syndrome 2
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  disease 18969
    disease of anatomical entity 18249
      nervous system disease 14091
        central nervous system disease 12432
          brain disease 11669
            disease of mental health 8321
              developmental disorder of mental health 5554
                specific developmental disorder 4518
                  intellectual disability 4300
                    Down syndrome 62
                      5-Hydroxytryptamine Oxygenase Regulator 0
                      Beta-Amino Acids, Renal Transport of 0
                      Down Syndrome Critical Region 0
                      myeloid leukemia associated with Down Syndrome 13
                      transient myeloproliferative syndrome 2
paths to the root