Prl (prolactin) - Rat Genome Database

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Gene: Prl (prolactin) Rattus norvegicus
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Symbol: Prl
Name: prolactin
RGD ID: 3403
Description: Predicted to enable hormone activity and prolactin receptor binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to ethanol; response to estradiol; and response to trichostatin A. Located in extracellular region and secretory granule. Used to study portal hypertension and prolactinoma. Biomarker of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder; hyperprolactinemia; prolactinoma; and renovascular hypertension. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in carotid artery disease and impulse control disorder. Orthologous to human PRL (prolactin); PARTICIPATES IN cytokine mediated signaling pathway; Jak-Stat signaling pathway; INTERACTS WITH (S)-amphetamine; 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane; 17alpha-ethynylestradiol.
Type: protein-coding
RefSeq Status: VALIDATED
Previously known as: Gha1; growth hormone a1; Prl1a1; PRLB; PRLSD1; Prol; prolactin family 1, subfamily a, member 1; RATPRLSD1; RNPROL
RGD Orthologs
Human
Mouse
Chinchilla
Bonobo
Dog
Squirrel
Pig
Green Monkey
Naked Mole-Rat
Alliance Orthologs
More Info more info ...
Is Marker For: Strains:   SS.LEW-(D17Rat65-Prl)/Ayd
Latest Assembly: GRCr8 - GRCr8 Assembly
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCr81738,287,355 - 38,298,234 (-)NCBIGRCr8GRCr8GRCr8
GRCr8 Ensembl1738,288,162 - 38,298,217 (-)EnsemblGRCr8
mRatBN7.21737,859,999 - 37,870,062 (-)NCBImRatBN7.2mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl1737,860,007 - 37,870,062 (-)EnsemblmRatBN7.2
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx1737,943,990 - 37,954,065 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.01739,548,006 - 39,558,081 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.01737,831,392 - 37,841,445 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Dahl_SR_JrHsd1738,016,586 - 38,026,507 (-)NCBI
Lyon_Normotensive1738,056,306 - 38,066,249 (-)NCBI
Lyon_Hypertensive1738,111,253 - 38,121,196 (-)NCBI
F344_StmMcwi1738,164,471 - 38,174,414 (-)NCBI
Rnor_6.01739,814,236 - 39,824,299 (-)NCBIRnor_6.0Rnor_6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl1739,814,244 - 39,824,299 (-)EnsemblRnor_6.0 Ensemblrn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.01741,720,751 - 41,730,813 (-)NCBIRnor_5.0Rnor_5.0rn5
RGSC_v3.41744,699,101 - 44,709,162 (-)NCBIRGSC_v3.4RGSC_v3.4rn4
Celera1737,551,071 - 37,561,021 (-)NCBICelera
RGSC_v3.11744,701,945 - 44,712,003 (-)NCBI
Cytogenetic Map17p12NCBI
JBrowse:




Disease Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View
adenocarcinoma  (ISO)
adenoma  (ISO)
alcohol dependence  (ISO)
alcohol withdrawal syndrome  (ISO)
amenorrhea  (ISO)
anemia  (ISO)
Animal Mammary Neoplasms  (ISO)
autistic disorder  (ISO)
basal ganglia disease  (ISO)
Bradycardia  (ISO)
Cardiovascular Pregnancy Complications  (ISO)
carotid artery disease  (ISO)
Catalepsy  (ISO)
cocaine abuse  (ISO)
cocaine dependence  (ISO)
Cocaine-Related Disorders  (ISO)
congestive heart failure  (ISO)
depressive disorder  (ISO)
endometriosis  (ISO)
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms  (ISO)
Experimental Neoplasms  (IEP)
Familial Pancreatic Carcinoma  (ISO)
Female Infertility  (ISO)
fetal alcohol spectrum disorder  (IEP)
Fetal Resorption  (ISO)
Fever  (ISO)
Galactorrhea  (ISO)
growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma  (ISO)
gynecomastia  (ISO)
hepatocellular carcinoma  (ISO)
hyperprolactinemia  (IEP,ISO)
hypoglycemia  (ISO)
hypogonadism  (ISO)
hypopituitarism  (ISO)
Hypotension  (ISO)
impotence  (ISO)
impulse control disorder  (ISO)
Infarction  (ISO)
Insulin Resistance  (ISO)
Leydig cell tumor  (ISO)
Memory Disorders  (ISO)
Metabolic Syndrome  (ISO)
Motor Disorders  (ISO)
obesity  (ISO)
Parkinsonism  (ISO)
phobic disorder  (ISO)
Pituitary Neoplasms  (ISO)
portal hypertension  (IDA)
prolactinoma  (IAGP,IEP,ISO)
prostatic hypertrophy  (ISO)
Puerperal Disorders  (ISO)
renovascular hypertension  (IEP)
severe acute respiratory syndrome  (ISO)
sexual dysfunction  (ISO)
sexual health disorder  (ISO)
systemic lupus erythematosus  (ISO)
withdrawal disorder  (ISO)

Gene-Chemical Interaction Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View
(S)-amphetamine  (EXP,ISO)
(S)-duloxetine hydrochloride  (ISO)
(S)-nicotine  (ISO)
(Z)-chlorprothixene  (ISO)
1,1,1-Trichloro-2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane  (EXP,ISO)
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine  (ISO)
1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile  (ISO)
17alpha-ethynylestradiol  (EXP,ISO)
17beta-estradiol  (EXP,ISO)
17beta-estradiol 3-benzoate  (EXP)
17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one  (ISO)
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine  (EXP,ISO)
2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionitrile  (EXP)
2,4-D  (EXP)
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-\{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino\}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile  (ISO)
2-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol  (ISO)
2-methoxyethanol  (EXP)
3',5'-cyclic AMP  (EXP,ISO)
3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine  (EXP)
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid  (EXP)
3-methyladenine  (ISO)
4'-epidoxorubicin  (EXP)
4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol  (EXP)
4-ethylphenol  (EXP,ISO)
4-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol  (ISO)
4-nonylphenol  (EXP,ISO)
4-octylphenol  (EXP,ISO)
4-Propylphenol  (EXP,ISO)
5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine  (EXP)
5-azacytidine  (ISO)
5-methoxy-2-\{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl\}-1H-benzimidazole  (ISO)
7,12-dimethyltetraphene  (EXP)
8-Br-cAMP  (EXP,ISO)
actinomycin D  (ISO)
allethrin  (EXP)
alpha-methyl-L-dopa  (ISO)
alpha-naphthoflavone  (EXP)
amiodarone  (EXP)
amisulpride  (EXP,ISO)
ammonia  (EXP)
ammonium chloride  (EXP)
amoxapine  (ISO)
apomorphine  (ISO)
aripiprazole  (EXP,ISO)
Aroclor 1254  (EXP)
arsane  (ISO)
arsenic atom  (ISO)
artemether  (EXP)
atrazine  (EXP)
benzo[a]pyrene  (EXP,ISO)
beta-hexachlorocyclohexane  (ISO)
beta-naphthoflavone  (EXP,ISO)
bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate  (ISO)
bisphenol A  (EXP,ISO)
BKM120  (EXP)
bromocriptine  (EXP,ISO)
bucladesine  (ISO)
buspirone  (EXP,ISO)
butan-1-ol  (ISO)
cabergoline  (EXP,ISO)
cadmium atom  (EXP,ISO)
cadmium dichloride  (EXP)
Calcimycin  (EXP)
calcium atom  (ISO)
calcium(0)  (ISO)
cannabidiol  (ISO)
Cannabinol  (ISO)
carmoxirole  (EXP)
carmustine  (ISO)
cefpodoxime  (ISO)
cetrorelix  (EXP)
chloroquine  (ISO)
chlorpromazine  (ISO)
chlorpyrifos  (EXP)
chromium atom  (ISO)
chromium(6+)  (EXP)
cimetidine  (ISO)
cisplatin  (EXP,ISO)
citalopram  (ISO)
clomiphene  (ISO)
clomipramine  (ISO)
clonidine  (EXP,ISO)
clonidine (amino form)  (EXP,ISO)
clonidine (imino form)  (EXP,ISO)
Cloprostenol  (EXP)
clozapine  (EXP,ISO)
cocaine  (EXP,ISO)
colforsin daropate hydrochloride  (EXP,ISO)
copper atom  (EXP,ISO)
copper(0)  (EXP,ISO)
corticosterone  (EXP)
cortisol  (EXP)
coumestrol  (EXP)
CU-O LINKAGE  (EXP)
cyanazine  (EXP)
cyclosporin A  (EXP)
cyhalothrin  (EXP)
cypermethrin  (EXP)
cyproheptadine  (ISO)
cyproterone acetate  (EXP,ISO)
cytarabine  (ISO)
D-penicillamine  (ISO)
daidzein  (EXP)
danazol  (ISO)
DDE  (EXP)
Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane  (EXP)
dehydroepiandrosterone  (ISO)
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate  (ISO)
dexamethasone  (ISO)
diclofenac  (ISO)
dieldrin  (EXP)
diethylstilbestrol  (EXP,ISO)
dizocilpine maleate  (EXP)
domperidone  (EXP,ISO)
dopamine  (EXP,ISO)
doxapram  (ISO)
doxorubicin  (ISO)
endosulfan  (EXP)
epinine  (ISO)
equol  (EXP)
estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16beta-diol  (EXP)
estriol  (EXP,ISO)
estrone  (EXP,ISO)
ethanol  (EXP)
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid  (ISO)
famotidine  (ISO)
fenfluramine  (EXP,ISO)
fenvalerate  (EXP)
fluoxetine  (EXP,ISO)
fluphenazine  (ISO)
fulvestrant  (EXP,ISO)
furan  (EXP)
glyphosate  (EXP)
gossypol  (EXP)
haloperidol  (EXP,ISO)
Haloperidol decanoate  (ISO)
herbicide  (EXP)
herbimycin  (ISO)
hexachlorobenzene  (EXP)
ICI-164384  (ISO)
idazoxan  (EXP)
imidacloprid  (ISO)
indometacin  (EXP)
isoprenaline  (EXP)
ketamine  (EXP)
ketoconazole  (EXP)
kynurenine  (ISO)
L-ascorbic acid  (EXP)
L-tryptophan  (ISO)
labetalol  (ISO)
lead oxide  (EXP)
lead(0)  (ISO)
letrozole  (EXP)
lisuride  (EXP,ISO)
lithium atom  (EXP)
lithium hydride  (EXP)
losartan  (EXP,ISO)
lumefantrine  (EXP)
LY-2157299  (EXP)
magnesium atom  (ISO)
mancozeb  (ISO)
maneb  (ISO)
manganese atom  (ISO)
manganese(0)  (ISO)
manganese(II) chloride  (EXP)
masoprocol  (EXP)
medroxyprogesterone acetate  (ISO)
melatonin  (EXP)
mesulergine  (EXP)
metformin  (ISO)
methadone  (ISO)
methamphetamine  (ISO)
Methanandamide  (EXP)
methomyl  (EXP)
methotrexate  (ISO)
methoxychlor  (EXP)
metoclopramide  (EXP,ISO)
mifepristone  (EXP,ISO)
mirtazapine  (ISO)
Molindone  (ISO)
molybdenum atom  (ISO)
morphine  (EXP)
Moxestrol  (EXP)
N-acetyl-L-cysteine  (EXP)
N-methyl-N-nitrosourea  (EXP)
N1'-[2-[[5-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-2-furanyl]methylthio]ethyl]-N1-methyl-2-nitroethene-1,1-diamine  (ISO)
nalbuphine  (ISO)
nalbuphine hydrochloride  (ISO)
Nalmefene  (ISO)
Nalorphine  (ISO)
naloxone  (EXP,ISO)
nicotine  (ISO)
nifedipine  (EXP)
nitric oxide  (ISO)
nitrofurazone  (EXP)
Nonylphenol  (EXP)
octreotide  (EXP,ISO)
olanzapine  (EXP,ISO)
omeprazole  (ISO)
ozone  (EXP)
paeoniflorin  (EXP)
paliperidone palmitate  (ISO)
paraquat  (ISO)
PCB138  (EXP)
pentobarbital  (EXP)
perfluorononanoic acid  (EXP)
pergolide  (EXP)
perphenazine  (EXP,ISO)
phenytoin  (EXP)
PhIP  (EXP,ISO)
phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate  (EXP)
picoxystrobin  (ISO)
pimozide  (ISO)
pindolol  (EXP,ISO)
progesterone  (EXP,ISO)
propofol  (ISO)
prostaglandin E2  (ISO)
prostaglandin F2alpha  (EXP)
pyrethrins  (EXP)
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate  (EXP)
quercetin  (EXP,ISO)
quetiapine fumarate  (ISO)
quinacrine  (EXP)
raloxifene  (ISO)
ranitidine  (ISO)
reserpine  (EXP)
resveratrol  (EXP)
rimonabant  (EXP,ISO)
risperidone  (EXP,ISO)
rotigotine  (EXP)
rottlerin  (ISO)
simazine  (EXP)
sodium arsenite  (EXP,ISO)
sophoraflavanone B  (EXP)
spironolactone  (EXP)
staurosporine  (ISO)
sulpiride  (EXP,ISO)
Sunset Yellow FCF  (EXP)
Talipexole dihydrochloride  (EXP)
tamoxifen  (EXP,ISO)
temozolomide  (EXP)
Terguride  (ISO)
testosterone  (EXP,ISO)
testosterone enanthate  (EXP)
tetrachloromethane  (EXP)
tetraphene  (EXP)
thimerosal  (ISO)
thioridazine  (ISO)
tofacitinib  (EXP)
toxaphene  (EXP)
trichloroethene  (EXP)
trichostatin A  (EXP)
triclosan  (ISO)
trifluoperazine  (ISO)
triptorelin  (EXP,ISO)
urethane  (ISO)
venlafaxine hydrochloride  (ISO)
verapamil  (ISO)
vitamin E  (EXP)
yohimbine  (ISO)
zinc atom  (EXP,ISO)
zinc oxide  (EXP)
zinc(0)  (EXP,ISO)
zotepine  (ISO)

Gene Ontology Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View

Biological Process
cell surface receptor signaling pathway  (IBA)
cellular response to ethanol  (IEP)
cellular response to hormone stimulus  (IEP)
cellular response to hypoxia  (ISO)
circadian rhythm  (IEP)
female pregnancy  (IBA)
gene expression  (ISO)
lactation  (TAS)
mammary gland development  (IBA,ISO)
maternal behavior  (ISO)
multicellular organismal response to stress  (IEP)
negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation  (ISO)
negative regulation of estrogen biosynthetic process  (ISO)
negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process  (ISO)
negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process  (ISO)
negative regulation of progesterone biosynthetic process  (ISO)
ovulation cycle  (IEP)
parturition  (IEP)
positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction  (ISO)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation  (IMP,ISO)
positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation  (ISO)
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation  (IDA)
positive regulation of lactation  (IBA)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription  (ISO)
positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT  (IBA,ISO)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production  (ISO)
prolactin signaling pathway  (ISO)
regulation of ossification  (IMP)
regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT  (ISO)
response to alcohol  (IEP)
response to cocaine  (IEP)
response to estradiol  (IEP)
response to ethanol  (IEP)
response to lipopolysaccharide  (IEP)
response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor  (IEP)
response to nutrient  (IEP)
response to nutrient levels  (IBA)
response to trichostatin A  (IEP)
response to xenobiotic stimulus  (IEP)
signal transduction  (IEA)

Cellular Component
extracellular region  (IBA,IDA,IEA,ISO,TAS)
secretory granule  (IDA,ISO)

Molecular Function

Molecular Pathway Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View
References

References - curated
# Reference Title Reference Citation
1. PRL signal transduction in the epithelial compartment of rat prostate maintained as long-term organ cultures in vitro. Ahonen TJ, etal., Endocrinology 2002 Jan;143(1):228-38.
2. Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity and alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Bagdy G and Arató M, Drug Alcohol Depend. 1987 Jan;19(1):45-50. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(87)90086-x.
3. Relationship between central serotonergic neurotransmission and reduction in alcohol intake by citalopram. Berggren U, etal., Drug Alcohol Depend. 2001 Aug 1;63(3):263-7. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00218-0.
4. Expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides and the desensitization of pituitary-adrenal axis and hypophagia in the endotoxin tolerance. Borges BC, etal., Horm Behav. 2007 Jul 25;.
5. Effects of renovascular hypertension on reproductive function in male rats. Breigeiron MK, etal., Life Sci. 2007 Apr 3;80(17):1627-34. Epub 2007 Jan 27.
6. Differential Effects of PI3K and Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibition in Rat Prolactin-Secreting Pituitary Tumors. Chanal M, etal., Mol Cancer Ther. 2016 Jun;15(6):1261-70. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-15-0891. Epub 2016 Mar 16.
7. Structural analysis of the prolactin gene suggests a separate origin for its 5' end. Cooke NE and Baxter JD, Nature 1982 Jun 17;297(5867):603-6.
8. Structure of cloned DNA complementary to rat prolactin messenger RNA. Cooke NE, etal., J Biol Chem 1980 Jul 10;255(13):6502-10.
9. The distinct effects of subchronic antipsychotic drug treatment on macronutrient selection, body weight, adiposity, and metabolism in female rats. Fell MJ, etal., Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Oct;194(2):221-31. Epub 2007 Jun 21.
10. Impulsivity, aggression, and neuroendocrine responses to serotonergic stimulation in substance abusers. Fishbein DH, etal., Biol Psychiatry. 1989 Apr 15;25(8):1049-66. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(89)90293-x.
11. MicroRNA-9 regulates fetal alcohol-induced changes in D2 receptor to promote prolactin production. Gangisetty O, etal., J Endocrinol. 2017 Oct;235(1):1-14. doi: 10.1530/JOE-17-0135. Epub 2017 Jul 14.
12. Fetal Alcohol Exposure Reduces Dopamine Receptor D2 and Increases Pituitary Weight and Prolactin Production via Epigenetic Mechanisms. Gangisetty O, etal., PLoS One. 2015 Oct 28;10(10):e0140699. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140699. eCollection 2015.
13. Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Gaudet P, etal., Brief Bioinform. 2011 Sep;12(5):449-62. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbr042. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
14. Epidermal growth factor induces prolactin mRNA in GH4C1 cells via a protein synthesis-dependent pathway. Gilchrist CA and Shull JD, Mol Cell Endocrinol 1993 Apr;92(2):201-6.
15. Rat ISS GO annotations from GOA human gene data--August 2006 GOA data from the GO Consortium
16. Serum prolactin and opiate withdrawal. Gold MS, etal., Psychiatry Res. 1980 May;2(2):205-10. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(80)90078-5.
17. Effects of nalbuphine on anterior pituitary and adrenal hormones and subjective responses in male cocaine abusers. Goletiani NV, etal., Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2007 Apr;86(4):667-77. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2007.02.012. Epub 2007 Feb 20.
18. Structure of the rat prolactin gene. Gubbins EJ, etal., J Biol Chem 1980 Sep 25;255(18):8655-62.
19. Development of anti-PRL (prolactin) autoantibodies by homologous PRL in rats: a model for macroprolactinemia. Hattori N, etal., Endocrinology. 2007 May;148(5):2465-70. Epub 2007 Feb 15.
20. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces prolactin expression in rat pituitary gland. Hoshino S, etal., Zoolog Sci. 2014 Jun;31(6):390-7. doi: 10.2108/zs130226.
21. Vesicular release of prolactin from preformed prolactin granules is stimulated by soluble factor(s) from the anterior pituitary of lactating rats. Huerta-Ocampo I, etal., Neuroendocrinology. 2007;85(1):1-15. Epub 2007 Mar 5.
22. Effect of ethanol on 24-h hormonal changes in prolactin release mechanisms in growing male rats. Jimenez-Ortega V, etal., Endocrine. 2006 Dec;30(3):269-78.
23. Inverse control of prolactin and growth hormone gene expression: effect of thyroliberin on transcription and RNA stabilization. Laverriere JN, etal., EMBO J 1983;2(9):1493-9.
24. Neuroendocrine measures of dopaminergic function in chronic cocaine users. Lee MA, etal., Psychiatry Res. 1990 Aug;33(2):151-9. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(90)90069-h.
25. Clinicopathologic study of 123 cases of prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas with special reference to multihormone production and clonality of the adenomas. Ma W, etal., Cancer. 2002 Jul 15;95(2):258-66. doi: 10.1002/cncr.10676.
26. [Clinicopathology, clonality, and hormone production profile of prolactinoma]. Ma WB, etal., Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2005 Jun 1;85(20):1382-7.
27. Effects of cocaine self-administration on plasma corticosterone and prolactin in rats. Mantsch JR, etal., J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Jul;294(1):239-47.
28. Analysis of 5' flanking sequences and intron-exon boundaries of the rat prolactin gene. Maurer RA, etal., J Biol Chem 1981 Oct 25;256(20):10524-8.
29. Rat ISS GO annotations from MGI mouse gene data--August 2006 MGD data from the GO Consortium
30. Serum prolactin correlates with depressed mood during alcohol withdrawal. Miller F, etal., Drug Alcohol Depend. 1986 Jul;17(4):331-8. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(86)90082-7.
31. Gestational exposure to nonylphenol causes precocious mammary gland development in female rat offspring. Moon HJ, etal., J Reprod Dev. 2007 Apr;53(2):333-44. Epub 2006 Dec 27.
32. The metabolic syndrome is associated with reduced central serotonergic responsivity in healthy community volunteers. Muldoon MF, etal., J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Feb;91(2):718-21. Epub 2005 Nov 22.
33. Lower central serotonergic responsivity is associated with preclinical carotid artery atherosclerosis. Muldoon MF, etal., Stroke. 2007 Aug;38(8):2228-33. Epub 2007 Jul 12.
34. Prolactin / leptin interactions in the control of food intake in rats. Naef L and Woodside B, Endocrinology. 2007 Sep 13;.
35. Electronic Transfer of LocusLink and RefSeq Data NCBI rat LocusLink and RefSeq merged data July 26, 2002
36. Intracerebroventricular administration of the prolactin (PRL) receptor antagonist, S179D PRL, disrupts parturition in rats. Nephew BC, etal., Reproduction. 2007 Jul;134(1):155-60.
37. Estradiol induces expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 4, 5-HT5, and 5-HT6 receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in rat anterior pituitary cell aggregates and allows prolactin release via the 5-HT4 receptor. Papageorgiou A and Denef C, Endocrinology. 2007 Mar;148(3):1384-95. Epub 2006 Nov 22.
38. Relationship of prolactin response to meta-chlorophenylpiperazine with severity of drug use in cocaine dependence. Patkar AA, etal., Hum Psychopharmacol. 2006 Aug;21(6):367-75. doi: 10.1002/hup.780.
39. Relationship of serum prolactin with severity of drug use and treatment outcome in cocaine dependence. Patkar AA, etal., Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 Oct;176(1):74-81. doi: 10.1007/s00213-004-1856-0. Epub 2004 Apr 3.
40. The influence of serotonergic neurotransmission on pituitary hormone release in obese and non-obese females. Pijl H, etal., Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1993 Apr;128(4):319-24.
41. KEGG Annotation Import Pipeline Pipeline to import KEGG annotations from KEGG into RGD
42. Knockdown of clock genes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus blocks prolactin surges and alters FRA expression in the locus coeruleus of female rats. Poletini MO, etal., Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Aug 28;.
43. Characterization of a rat uterine cell line, U(III) cells: prolactin (PRL) expression and endogenous regulation of PRL-dependent genes; estrogen receptor beta, alpha(2)-macroglobulin, and decidual PRL involving the Jak2 and Stat5 pathway. Prigent-Tessier A, etal., Endocrinology 2001 Mar;142(3):1242-50.
44. Enhanced trabecular-bone calcium deposition in female rats with a high physiological dose of prolactin diminishes after ovariectomy. Puntheeranurak S, etal., Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2006 Oct;84(10):993-1002.
45. Effects of dietary equol on the pituitary of the ovariectomized rats. Rachon D, etal., Horm Metab Res. 2007 Apr;39(4):256-61.
46. Decreased pituitary response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in young lean male patients with essential hypertension. Radikova Z, etal., J Hum Hypertens. 2006 Jul;20(7):510-6. Epub 2006 Apr 13.
47. GOA pipeline RGD automated data pipeline
48. Data Import for Chemical-Gene Interactions RGD automated import pipeline for gene-chemical interactions
49. Severe hyperprolactinaemia is associated with decreased insulin binding in vitro and insulin resistance in vivo. Schernthaner G, etal., Diabetologia. 1985 Mar;28(3):138-42.
50. Role of ammonia and nitric oxide in the decrease in plasma prolactin levels in prehepatic portal hypertensive male rats. Scorticati C, etal., Neuroimmunomodulation. 2006;13(3):152-9. Epub 2006 Nov 21.
51. Identification in the rat prolactin gene of sequences homologous to the distal promoter of the human prolactin gene. Shaw-Bruha CM, etal., Biochim Biophys Acta 1998 Nov 8;1442(2-3):304-13.
52. Estrogen regulation of prolactin gene transcription in vivo: paradoxical effects of 17 beta-estradiol dose. Shull JD and Gorski J, Endocrinology 1989 Jan;124(1):279-85.
53. Regulation of prolactin gene transcription in vivo: interactions between estrogen, pimozide, and alpha-ergocryptine. Shull JD and Gorski J, Mol Pharmacol 1990 Feb;37(2):215-21.
54. Transcription of sequences upstream of the rat prolactin gene suggests the existence of a second promoter. Shull JD Mol Cell Endocrinol 1991 Nov;82(1):R17-23.
55. Prolactin-releasing Peptide (PrRP) increases prolactin responses to TRH in vitro and in vivo. Spuch C, etal., Endocrine. 2007 Apr;31(2):119-24.
56. Prolactin secretory surge during estrus coincides with increased dopamine activity in the hypothalamus and preoptic area and is not altered by ovariectomy on proestrus. Szawka RE, etal., Brain Res Bull. 2007 Jun 15;73(1-3):127-34. Epub 2007 Mar 28.
57. Gene-based anchoring of the rat genetic linkage and cytogenetic maps: new regional localizations, orientation of the linkage groups, and insights into mammalian chromosome evolution. Szpirer C, etal., Mamm Genome 1998 Sep;9(9):721-34
58. Prolactin stimulates the proliferation of normal female cholangiocytes by differential regulation of Ca2+-dependent PKC isoforms. Taffetani S, etal., BMC Physiol. 2007 Jul 19;7:6.
59. Selective repression of rat prolactin gene by stable expression of dominant-negative Ets in GH4 pituitary cells. Tentler JJ, etal., Endocrine 2003 Feb-Mar;20(1-2):3-12.
60. Calcium dynamics and resting transcriptional activity regulates prolactin gene expression. Villalobos C, etal., Endocrinology 2002 Sep;143(9):3548-54.
61. Effects of acute stress on the day of proestrus on sexual behavior and ovulation in female rats: Participation of the angiotensinergic system. Vinicius Fagundes Donadio M, etal., Physiol Behav. 2007 May 22;.
62. Endocrine cells of the adenohypophysis in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Wei L, etal., Biochem Cell Biol. 2010 Aug;88(4):723-30. doi: 10.1139/O10-022.
63. Prolactin promotes hepatocellular carcinoma through Janus kinase 2. Yeh YT, etal., World J Surg. 2012 May;36(5):1128-35. doi: 10.1007/s00268-012-1505-4.
64. [Analysis of different mutations in regulatory sequence of prolactin gene during the formation of 17 beta-estradiol-induced prolactinoma in eutopic and ectopic pituitary of rats] Zhang FZ, etal., Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 2006 Dec;28(6):822-7.
Additional References at PubMed
PMID:375200   PMID:728396   PMID:925136   PMID:1339346   PMID:8421089   PMID:9247267   PMID:9247268   PMID:11721692   PMID:11721698   PMID:11721700   PMID:11888852   PMID:12079879  
PMID:12111996   PMID:12121979   PMID:12147240   PMID:12388746   PMID:12456804   PMID:12477932   PMID:12552091   PMID:12618435   PMID:12624432   PMID:12668864   PMID:12668876   PMID:12668882  
PMID:12782310   PMID:12787053   PMID:12843210   PMID:12850283   PMID:12861340   PMID:12865345   PMID:14617575   PMID:14715716   PMID:14738911   PMID:15031321   PMID:15033917   PMID:15231872  
PMID:15245874   PMID:15256781   PMID:15308608   PMID:15358675   PMID:15456852   PMID:15471574   PMID:15545705   PMID:15710466   PMID:15731170   PMID:15774559   PMID:15796760   PMID:15834311  
PMID:16164646   PMID:16216912   PMID:16219686   PMID:16608881   PMID:16707016   PMID:16718624   PMID:16741141   PMID:17223721   PMID:17255200   PMID:17363453   PMID:17416971   PMID:17519522  
PMID:17556846   PMID:17706597   PMID:17728251   PMID:17785918   PMID:17850459   PMID:17911340   PMID:17933456   PMID:18006851   PMID:18198010   PMID:18420735   PMID:18425773   PMID:18632733  
PMID:18674865   PMID:18765257   PMID:18824214   PMID:18832099   PMID:18923888   PMID:19160411   PMID:19282380   PMID:19289102   PMID:19306435   PMID:19342445   PMID:19449156   PMID:19470835  
PMID:19481553   PMID:19590175   PMID:19769948   PMID:19945993   PMID:20130141   PMID:20170714   PMID:20215567   PMID:20570717   PMID:20722974   PMID:20960102   PMID:20970474   PMID:21187122  
PMID:21507896   PMID:21653876   PMID:21677274   PMID:21760910   PMID:21777304   PMID:21823059   PMID:21919974   PMID:21980073   PMID:22094470   PMID:22354782   PMID:22480423   PMID:22495675  
PMID:22573829   PMID:22674474   PMID:22843122   PMID:22891630   PMID:23071095   PMID:23619365   PMID:23641787   PMID:23904563   PMID:23908112   PMID:24075908   PMID:24456164   PMID:24530842  
PMID:24859278   PMID:24984282   PMID:25136563   PMID:25446202   PMID:25618592   PMID:25701231   PMID:25715833   PMID:26032630   PMID:26657069   PMID:26697363   PMID:26862561   PMID:26874070  
PMID:27021728   PMID:27356573   PMID:28361424   PMID:28686504   PMID:28988314   PMID:29921576   PMID:32392109   PMID:32667625   PMID:33067662   PMID:33112804   PMID:33409838   PMID:36752584  
PMID:37232379   PMID:37797313   PMID:38465779   PMID:38945469  


Genomics

Comparative Map Data
Prl
(Rattus norvegicus - Norway rat)
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCr81738,287,355 - 38,298,234 (-)NCBIGRCr8GRCr8GRCr8
GRCr8 Ensembl1738,288,162 - 38,298,217 (-)EnsemblGRCr8
mRatBN7.21737,859,999 - 37,870,062 (-)NCBImRatBN7.2mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl1737,860,007 - 37,870,062 (-)EnsemblmRatBN7.2
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx1737,943,990 - 37,954,065 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.01739,548,006 - 39,558,081 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.01737,831,392 - 37,841,445 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Dahl_SR_JrHsd1738,016,586 - 38,026,507 (-)NCBI
Lyon_Normotensive1738,056,306 - 38,066,249 (-)NCBI
Lyon_Hypertensive1738,111,253 - 38,121,196 (-)NCBI
F344_StmMcwi1738,164,471 - 38,174,414 (-)NCBI
Rnor_6.01739,814,236 - 39,824,299 (-)NCBIRnor_6.0Rnor_6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl1739,814,244 - 39,824,299 (-)EnsemblRnor_6.0 Ensemblrn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.01741,720,751 - 41,730,813 (-)NCBIRnor_5.0Rnor_5.0rn5
RGSC_v3.41744,699,101 - 44,709,162 (-)NCBIRGSC_v3.4RGSC_v3.4rn4
Celera1737,551,071 - 37,561,021 (-)NCBICelera
RGSC_v3.11744,701,945 - 44,712,003 (-)NCBI
Cytogenetic Map17p12NCBI
PRL
(Homo sapiens - human)
Human AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCh38622,287,246 - 22,302,835 (-)NCBIGRCh38GRCh38hg38GRCh38
GRCh38.p14 Ensembl622,287,244 - 22,302,826 (-)EnsemblGRCh38.p14 Ensemblhg38GRCh38
GRCh37622,287,475 - 22,303,064 (-)NCBIGRCh37GRCh37hg19GRCh37
Build 36622,395,459 - 22,405,709 (-)NCBIBuild 36Build 36hg18NCBI36
Build 34622,395,458 - 22,405,709NCBI
Celera623,520,776 - 23,536,391 (-)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic Map6p22.3NCBI
HuRef622,230,650 - 22,246,259 (-)NCBIHuRef
CHM1_1622,289,298 - 22,304,920 (-)NCBICHM1_1
T2T-CHM13v2.0622,159,710 - 22,175,312 (-)NCBIT2T-CHM13v2.0
Prl
(Mus musculus - house mouse)
Mouse AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCm391327,241,553 - 27,249,187 (+)NCBIGRCm39GRCm39mm39
GRCm39 Ensembl1327,241,553 - 27,249,188 (+)EnsemblGRCm39 EnsemblGRCm39
GRCm381327,057,570 - 27,065,204 (+)NCBIGRCm38GRCm38mm10GRCm38
GRCm38.p6 Ensembl1327,057,570 - 27,065,205 (+)EnsemblGRCm38.p6 Ensemblmm10GRCm38
MGSCv371327,149,439 - 27,157,073 (+)NCBIMGSCv37MGSCv37mm9NCBIm37
MGSCv361327,065,041 - 27,072,647 (+)NCBIMGSCv36mm8
Celera1327,286,739 - 27,294,373 (+)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic Map13A3.1NCBI
cM Map1312.25NCBI
Prl
(Chinchilla lanigera - long-tailed chinchilla)
Chinchilla AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
ChiLan1.0NW_0049554834,495,257 - 4,503,377 (+)NCBIChiLan1.0ChiLan1.0
PRL
(Pan paniscus - bonobo/pygmy chimpanzee)
Bonobo AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
NHGRI_mPanPan1-v2536,921,606 - 36,937,224 (-)NCBINHGRI_mPanPan1-v2
NHGRI_mPanPan1632,921,612 - 32,937,048 (-)NCBINHGRI_mPanPan1
Mhudiblu_PPA_v0622,109,974 - 22,125,433 (-)NCBIMhudiblu_PPA_v0Mhudiblu_PPA_v0panPan3
PanPan1.1622,450,132 - 22,465,598 (-)NCBIPanPan1.1PanPan1.1panPan2
PanPan1.1 Ensembl622,450,132 - 22,459,829 (-)EnsemblPanPan1.1 EnsemblpanPan2panpan1.1
PRL
(Canis lupus familiaris - dog)
Dog AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
CanFam3.13520,673,830 - 20,683,824 (-)NCBICanFam3.1CanFam3.1canFam3CanFam3.1
CanFam3.1 Ensembl3520,673,839 - 20,683,824 (-)EnsemblCanFam3.1 EnsemblcanFam3CanFam3.1
Dog10K_Boxer_Tasha3520,631,413 - 20,641,424 (-)NCBIDog10K_Boxer_TashaDog10K_Boxer_Tasha
ROS_Cfam_1.03520,785,152 - 20,795,127 (-)NCBIROS_Cfam_1.0ROS_Cfam_1.0
ROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl3520,785,161 - 20,795,127 (-)EnsemblROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl
UMICH_Zoey_3.13520,591,756 - 20,601,732 (-)NCBIUMICH_Zoey_3.1
UNSW_CanFamBas_1.03520,650,330 - 20,659,910 (-)NCBIUNSW_CanFamBas_1.0
UU_Cfam_GSD_1.03522,073,534 - 22,083,124 (-)NCBIUU_Cfam_GSD_1.0UU_Cfam_GSD_1.0
Prl
(Ictidomys tridecemlineatus - thirteen-lined ground squirrel)
Squirrel AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
mIctTri1.hap18152,512,885 - 152,521,102 (-)NCBImIctTri1.hap1
HiC_Itri_2NW_0244049464,518,309 - 4,526,583 (+)NCBIHiC_Itri_2
SpeTri2.0 EnsemblNW_0049365527,204,401 - 7,212,632 (-)EnsemblSpeTri2.0 Ensembl
SpeTri2.0NW_0049365527,204,298 - 7,212,632 (-)NCBISpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0
PRL
(Sus scrofa - pig)
Pig AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
Sscrofa11.1 Ensembl717,451,367 - 17,463,710 (-)EnsemblSscrofa11.1 EnsemblsusScr11Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa11.1717,451,367 - 17,463,771 (-)NCBISscrofa11.1Sscrofa11.1susScr11Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa10.2718,412,498 - 18,424,863 (-)NCBISscrofa10.2Sscrofa10.2susScr3
PRL
(Chlorocebus sabaeus - green monkey)
Green Monkey AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
mChlSab1.0.hap11722,242,667 - 22,258,006 (-)NCBImChlSab1.0.hap1
Vero_WHO_p1.0NW_02366604422,226,989 - 22,242,370 (-)NCBIVero_WHO_p1.0Vero_WHO_p1.0
ChlSab1.11749,922,750 - 49,938,084 (+)NCBIChlSab1.1ChlSab1.1chlSab2
ChlSab1.1 Ensembl1749,928,321 - 49,938,631 (+)EnsemblChlSab1.1 EnsemblchlSab2Vervet-AGM
Prl
(Heterocephalus glaber - naked mole-rat)
Naked Mole-Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
HetGla 1.0NW_0046247564,585,542 - 4,593,285 (+)NCBIHetGla 1.0HetGla 1.0hetGla2

Variants

.
Variants in Prl
108 total Variants
miRNA Target Status (No longer updated)

Predicted Target Of
Summary Value
Count of predictions:110
Count of miRNA genes:90
Interacting mature miRNAs:94
Transcripts:ENSRNOT00000023412
Prediction methods:Microtar, Miranda, Rnahybrid
Result types:miRGate_prediction

The detailed report is available here: Full Report CSV TAB Printer

miRNA Target Status data imported from miRGate (http://mirgate.bioinfo.cnio.es/).
For more information about miRGate, see PMID:25858286 or access the full paper here.


QTLs in Region (GRCr8)
The following QTLs overlap with this region.    Full Report CSV TAB Printer Gviewer
RGD IDSymbolNameLODP ValueTraitSub TraitChrStartStopSpecies
8552966Pigfal18Plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 level QTL 188.7blood insulin-like growth factor amount (VT:0010479)plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 level (CMO:0001299)171286094257860942Rat
1300123Bp194Blood pressure QTL 1942.82arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)17212084342054133Rat
2302377Scl61Serum cholesterol level QTL 614.36blood HDL cholesterol amount (VT:0000184)serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol level (CMO:0000361)17622199858177198Rat
1354654Spl7Serum phospholipid level QTL 75.5blood phospholipid amount (VT:0006084)blood phospholipid level (CMO:0001169)173803135483031354Rat
70157Niddm32Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 324.34blood glucose amount (VT:0000188)blood glucose level area under curve (AUC) (CMO:0000350)172266079955604694Rat
9589151Insul30Insulin level QTL 308.820.001blood insulin amount (VT:0001560)plasma insulin level (CMO:0000342)171286094257860942Rat
1354628Stl13Serum triglyceride level QTL 133.8blood triglyceride amount (VT:0002644)blood triglyceride level (CMO:0000118)172149899450592236Rat
1354629Scl31Serum cholesterol level QTL 314.1blood cholesterol amount (VT:0000180)blood total cholesterol level (CMO:0000051)173803135483031354Rat
1600398Edcs5Endometrial carcinoma susceptibility QTL 52.2uterus morphology trait (VT:0001120)percentage of study population developing endometrioid carcinoma during a period of time (CMO:0001759)173544694975762341Rat
9590154Scort9Serum corticosterone level QTL 923.570.001blood corticosterone amount (VT:0005345)plasma corticosterone level (CMO:0001173)171286094257860942Rat
1559055Bp278Blood pressure QTL 2780.04arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)172385892668858926Rat
152025238Slep14Serum leptin concentration QTL 144.62blood leptin amount (VT:0005667)172439059584432719Rat
1354638Insul1Insulin level QTL 14.8blood insulin amount (VT:0001560)plasma insulin level (CMO:0000342)173803135483031354Rat
1354635Bp245Blood pressure QTL 2456arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)173803135483031354Rat
1331765Hrtrt15Heart rate QTL 154.094heart pumping trait (VT:2000009)heart rate (CMO:0000002)171553702560531414Rat
7411666Foco31Food consumption QTL 3111.40.001eating behavior trait (VT:0001431)feed conversion ratio (CMO:0001312)171286094257860942Rat
2303627Vencon8Ventilatory control QTL 80.001respiration trait (VT:0001943)tidal volume (CMO:0000222)17473353449733534Rat
4889955Bss93Bone structure and strength QTL 934.4tibia size trait (VT:0100001)tibia cortical bone volume to tibia total bone volume ratio (CMO:0001727)172723344565155015Rat
1354662Rf49Renal function QTL 492.9blood creatinine amount (VT:0005328)plasma creatinine level (CMO:0000537)17143999106Rat
152023740Bp406Blood pressure QTL 4066.06arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)172413612784432719Rat
1354663Bvd5Brain ventricular dilatation QTL 53.510.001brain ventricle morphology trait (VT:0000822)hydrocephalus severity score (CMO:0001881)173219953486201342Rat
7488966Bp370Blood pressure QTL 3700.001arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)172385892668858926Rat
1354658Spl8Serum phospholipid level QTL 83.8blood VLDL phospholipid amount (VT:0010507)blood very low density lipoprotein phospholipid level (CMO:0001571)17143999106Rat
152023737Bp405Blood pressure QTL 4055.06arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)2413612784432719Rat
152023736Bp404Blood pressure QTL 4043.78arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)172413612784432719Rat
724528Uae4Urinary albumin excretion QTL 44.90.0001urine albumin amount (VT:0002871)urine albumin excretion rate (CMO:0000757)173604553781045537Rat
1354581Bp247Blood pressure QTL 2474.5arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)pulse pressure (CMO:0000292)17143999106Rat
2300002Iddm36Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 361.98blood glucose amount (VT:0000188)blood glucose level (CMO:0000046)17926675540968173Rat
70210Cm15Cardiac mass QTL 156.5heart right ventricle mass (VT:0007033)heart right ventricle wet weight (CMO:0000072)173006647275066472Rat
152023626Bp403Blood pressure QTL 4033.86arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)172413612784432719Rat
9590107Sffal7Serum free fatty acids level QTL 74.810.001blood free fatty acid amount (VT:0001553)plasma free fatty acids level (CMO:0000546)173310464578104645Rat
724549Niddm56Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 560.03blood glucose amount (VT:0000188)blood glucose level area under curve (AUC) (CMO:0000350)173219953449497050Rat
1581512Cm55Cardiac mass QTL 552.80.05heart left ventricle mass (VT:0007031)heart left ventricle weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000530)172723344583975845Rat
10054088Scort28Serum corticosterone level QTL 282.040.0102blood corticosterone amount (VT:0005345)plasma corticosterone level (CMO:0001173)17473353449733534Rat
61394Bp8Blood pressure QTL 82.2arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)172328632264246472Rat
9589057Scfw6Subcutaneous fat weight QTL 68.620.001subcutaneous adipose mass (VT:1000472)abdominal subcutaneous fat pad weight (CMO:0002069)171286094257860942Rat
2317045Aia11Adjuvant induced arthritis QTL 114.06joint integrity trait (VT:0010548)left rear ankle joint diameter (CMO:0002149)172652205171522051Rat
10450503Bp386Blood pressure QTL 3860.28arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)172201970567019705Rat
9590088Insglur7Insulin/glucose ratio QTL 720.380.001blood insulin amount (VT:0001560)calculated plasma insulin level (CMO:0002170)171286094257860942Rat
2313854Bp343Blood pressure QTL 3433.9life span trait (VT:0005372)age at time of death (CMO:0001193)173219953455604694Rat
2317053Aia25Adjuvant induced arthritis QTL 252.69joint integrity trait (VT:0010548)right rear ankle joint diameter (CMO:0002150)171060469455604694Rat
8552928Pigfal9Plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 level QTL 99blood insulin-like growth factor amount (VT:0010479)plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 level (CMO:0001299)173310464578104645Rat
12903980Cm120Cardiac mass QTL 1200.002heart right ventricle mass (VT:0007033)heart right ventricle weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000914)172385892668858926Rat
12903981Am17Aortic mass QTL 170.001aorta mass (VT:0002845)aorta weight to aorta length to body weight ratio (CMO:0002722)172385892668858926Rat
4889891Eae32Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis QTL 324.80.0002nervous system integrity trait (VT:0010566)experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis severity score (CMO:0001419)172723344572233445Rat
12903982Kidm70Kidney mass QTL 700.001kidney mass (VT:0002707)both kidneys wet weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000340)172385892668858926Rat
12903978Cm118Cardiac mass QTL 1180.001heart mass (VT:0007028)heart wet weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0002408)172385892668858926Rat
12903979Cm119Cardiac mass QTL 1190.001heart left ventricle mass (VT:0007031)heart left ventricle weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000530)172385892668858926Rat
1354619Bp242Blood pressure QTL 2426.3arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)173768787782687877Rat

Markers in Region
D17Wox11  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
mRatBN7.21737,871,235 - 37,871,375 (+)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.01739,825,473 - 39,825,612NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_5.01741,731,987 - 41,732,126UniSTSRnor5.0
RGSC_v3.41744,710,335 - 44,710,475RGDRGSC3.4
RGSC_v3.41744,710,336 - 44,710,475UniSTSRGSC3.4
Celera1737,562,194 - 37,562,333UniSTS
RGSC_v3.11744,713,176 - 44,713,316RGD
RH 3.4 Map17419.5UniSTS
RH 3.4 Map17419.5RGD
RH 2.0 Map17305.9RGD
Cytogenetic Map17p12UniSTS
D17Wox18  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
mRatBN7.21737,871,157 - 37,871,389 (+)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.01739,825,395 - 39,825,626NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_5.01741,731,909 - 41,732,140UniSTSRnor5.0
RGSC_v3.41744,710,258 - 44,710,489UniSTSRGSC3.4
Celera1737,562,116 - 37,562,347UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map17p12UniSTS
D17Arb10  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
GRCr81738,299,806 - 38,300,040 (+)Marker Load Pipeline
mRatBN7.21737,871,651 - 37,871,885 (+)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.01739,825,889 - 39,826,122NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_5.01741,732,403 - 41,732,636UniSTSRnor5.0
RGSC_v3.41744,710,751 - 44,710,985RGDRGSC3.4
RGSC_v3.41744,710,752 - 44,710,985UniSTSRGSC3.4
Celera1737,562,610 - 37,562,843UniSTS
RGSC_v3.11744,713,592 - 44,713,826RGD
SHRSP x BN Map1729.2799RGD
SHRSP x BN Map1729.2799UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map17p12UniSTS
D17Arb14  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
GRCr81738,299,312 - 38,299,659 (+)Marker Load Pipeline
mRatBN7.21737,871,157 - 37,871,504 (+)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.01739,825,395 - 39,825,741NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_5.01741,731,909 - 41,732,255UniSTSRnor5.0
RGSC_v3.41744,710,257 - 44,710,604RGDRGSC3.4
RGSC_v3.41744,710,258 - 44,710,604UniSTSRGSC3.4
Celera1737,562,116 - 37,562,462UniSTS
RGSC_v3.11744,713,098 - 44,713,445RGD
FHH x ACI Map1734.46RGD
FHH x ACI Map1734.46UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map17p12UniSTS
D17Hmgc1  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
mRatBN7.21737,871,161 - 37,871,375 (+)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.01739,825,399 - 39,825,612NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_5.01741,731,913 - 41,732,126UniSTSRnor5.0
RGSC_v3.41744,710,262 - 44,710,475UniSTSRGSC3.4
Celera1737,562,120 - 37,562,333UniSTS
RH 3.4 Map17420.3UniSTS
RH 3.4 Map17420.3RGD
Cytogenetic Map17p12UniSTS


Related Rat Strains
The following Strains have been annotated to Prl
SS.LEW-(D17Rat65-Prl)/Ayd    


Expression

RNA-SEQ Expression

adipose tissue
alimentary part of gastrointestinal system
appendage
circulatory system
ectoderm
endocrine system
endoderm
entire extraembryonic component
exocrine system
hemolymphoid system
hepatobiliary system
integumental system
mesenchyme
mesoderm
musculoskeletal system
nervous system
renal system
reproductive system
respiratory system
sensory system
visual system
9 8 4 17 572 61 20 16 4 15 2 4 132 96 3 543 49 162 18 7 5

Sequence

Nucleotide Sequences
RefSeq Transcripts NM_001433431 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  NM_012629 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  XM_006253912 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
GenBank Nucleotide AF022934 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  AF022935 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  AH002235 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  BC166892 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  BC168729 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  CH474064 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  JAXUCZ010000017 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  LM644192 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  S46794 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  V01244 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  V01245 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  V01246 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  V01247 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  V01248 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  V01249 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  V01250 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles

Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000023412   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000023412
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8 Ensembl1738,288,162 - 38,298,217 (-)Ensembl
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl1737,860,007 - 37,870,062 (-)Ensembl
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl1739,814,244 - 39,824,299 (-)Ensembl
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000100172   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000083339
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8 Ensembl1738,288,162 - 38,296,987 (-)Ensembl
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl1737,860,007 - 37,868,832 (-)Ensembl
RefSeq Acc Id: NM_001433431   ⟹   NP_001420360
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
Dahl_SR_JrHsd1738,016,586 - 38,026,507 (-)NCBI
Lyon_Normotensive1738,056,306 - 38,066,249 (-)NCBI
Lyon_Hypertensive1738,111,253 - 38,121,196 (-)NCBI
F344_StmMcwi1738,164,471 - 38,174,414 (-)NCBI
RefSeq Acc Id: NM_012629   ⟹   NP_036761
RefSeq Status: VALIDATED
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr81738,288,156 - 38,298,217 (-)NCBI
mRatBN7.21737,860,001 - 37,870,062 (-)NCBI
Dahl_SR_JrHsd1738,016,586 - 38,026,507 (-)NCBI
Lyon_Normotensive1738,056,306 - 38,066,249 (-)NCBI
Lyon_Hypertensive1738,111,253 - 38,121,196 (-)NCBI
F344_StmMcwi1738,164,471 - 38,174,414 (-)NCBI
Rnor_6.01739,814,238 - 39,824,299 (-)NCBI
Rnor_5.01741,720,751 - 41,730,813 (-)NCBI
RGSC_v3.41744,699,101 - 44,709,162 (-)RGD
Celera1737,551,071 - 37,561,021 (-)RGD
Sequence:
RefSeq Acc Id: XM_006253912   ⟹   XP_006253974
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr81738,287,355 - 38,298,234 (-)NCBI
mRatBN7.21737,859,999 - 37,869,957 (-)NCBI
Rnor_6.01739,814,236 - 39,824,194 (-)NCBI
Rnor_5.01741,720,751 - 41,730,813 (-)NCBI
Sequence:
RefSeq Acc Id: NP_036761   ⟸   NM_012629
- Peptide Label: precursor
- UniProtKB: P70520 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot),   P01237 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot),   B5DEM6 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL),   A6KLC9 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL),   A0A8L2UJY0 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
- Sequence:
RefSeq Acc Id: XP_006253974   ⟸   XM_006253912
- Peptide Label: isoform X1
- Sequence:
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000023412   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000023412
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000083339   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000100172
RefSeq Acc Id: NP_001420360   ⟸   NM_001433431
- UniProtKB: A0A8L2UJY0 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL),   B2RYT1 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Protein Structures
Name Modeler Protein Id AA Range Protein Structure
AF-P01237-F1-model_v2 AlphaFold P01237 1-226 view protein structure

Transcriptome

eQTL   View at Phenogen
WGCNA   View at Phenogen
Tissue/Strain Expression   View at Phenogen

Promoters
RGD ID:13700436
Promoter ID:EPDNEW_R10960
Type:single initiation site
Name:Prl_1
Description:prolactin
SO ACC ID:SO:0000170
Source:EPDNEW (Eukaryotic Promoter Database, http://epd.vital-it.ch/)
Experiment Methods:Single-end sequencing.
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
Rnor_6.01739,824,167 - 39,824,227EPDNEW
RGD ID:6850020
Promoter ID:EP11124
Type:single initiation site
Name:RN_PRL
Description:Prolactin, PRL gene.
SO ACC ID:SO:0000170
Source:EPD (Eukaryotic Promoter Database, http://epd.vital-it.ch/)
Notes:homology_group=Homology group 43; Mammalian prolactin
Tissues & Cell Lines:pituitary
Experiment Methods:Nuclease protection with homologous sequence ladder; Primer extension; RNA Pol II in vitro system; Sequencing of a full-length cDNA; experiments performed with; closely related gene
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
RGSC_v3.41744,709,033 - 44,709,093EPD

Additional Information

Database Acc Id Source(s)
AGR Gene RGD:3403 AgrOrtholog
BioCyc Gene G2FUF-9445 BioCyc
Ensembl Genes ENSRNOG00000017374 Ensembl, ENTREZGENE
Ensembl Transcript ENSRNOT00000023412 ENTREZGENE
Gene3D-CATH 1.20.1250.10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
IMAGE_CLONE IMAGE:6889929 IMAGE-MGC_LOAD
  IMAGE:6919622 IMAGE-MGC_LOAD
InterPro 4_helix_cytokine-like_core UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Somatotropin/Prolactin UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Somatotropin_CS UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
KEGG Report rno:24683 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
MGC_CLONE MGC:188843 IMAGE-MGC_LOAD
  MGC:72844 IMAGE-MGC_LOAD
NCBI Gene 24683 ENTREZGENE
PANTHER PROLACTIN UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  PTHR11417 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Pfam Hormone_1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PhenoGen Prl PhenoGen
PRINTS SOMATOTROPIN UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PROSITE SOMATOTROPIN_1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  SOMATOTROPIN_2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
RatGTEx ENSRNOG00000017374 RatGTEx
Superfamily-SCOP SSF47266 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProt A0A8I5ZZT7_RAT UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  A0A8L2UJY0 ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  A6KLC9 ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  B2RYT1 ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  B5DEM6 ENTREZGENE
  P01237 ENTREZGENE
  P70520 ENTREZGENE
  PRL_RAT UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Q58AV0_RAT UniProtKB/TrEMBL
UniProt Secondary P70520 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot


Nomenclature History
Date Current Symbol Current Name Previous Symbol Previous Name Description Reference Status
2002-06-10 Prl  prolactin      Symbol and Name status set to approved 70586 APPROVED

RGD Curation Notes
Note Type Note Reference
gene_drugs expression is induced by pimozide (a dopamine antagonist) and inhibited by alpha-ergocryptine (a dopamine agonist) 1358952
gene_expression expressed in the uterine stromal cell line (UIII) 625674
gene_pathway may mediate Jak2/Stat5 pathway and up-regulate genes involved in decidual growth and placentation 625674
gene_process promotes lactation on the mammary gland 70433
gene_regulation TRH (a prototypic stimulator) along with intracellular calcium increases the secretion and expression 625674
gene_regulation expression in GH4C1 pituitary tumor cells is induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF), thyrotropin-releasing hormone, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, forskolin and dibutyrul cAMP 1358950
gene_regulation expression may be regulated from two different promoters 1358951
gene_regulation expression induction by estrogen may be mediated via dopamine release 1358952