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CHEBI ONTOLOGY - ANNOTATIONS

The Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) ontology is downloaded weekly from EMBL-EBI at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/. The data is made available under the Creative Commons License (CC BY 3.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). For more information see: Degtyarenko et al. (2008) ChEBI: a database and ontology for chemical entities of biological interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D344–D350.
Term:chitosan
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Accession:CHEBI:16261 term browser browse the term
Definition:An aminoglycan consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked D-glucosamine residues.
Synonyms:exact_synonym: (1->4)-2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucan
 related_synonym: Deacetylchitin;   Formula=H2O(C6H11NO4)n;   [4)-beta-D-GlcpN(1->]n;   beta-1,4-Poly-D-glucosamine;   poliglusam
 alt_id: CHEBI:13964;   CHEBI:3599
 xref: CAS:9012-76-4;   DrugBank:DB14155;   FooDB:FDB015634;   HMDB:HMDB0003404;   KEGG:C00734;   KEGG:G10536
 xref_mesh: MESH:D048271
 xref: MetaCyc:Chitosan;   PMID:33208634;   PMID:34885715;   PMID:36076877;   PMID:36191784;   PMID:36315326;   PMID:36362923;   PMID:36431043;   PMID:36437390;   PMID:36449553;   PMID:36501559;   PMID:36547302;   PMID:36547931;   Pesticides:chitosan;   Wikipedia:Chitosan
 cyclic_relationship: is_conjugate_base_of CHEBI:57704


show annotations for term's descendants           Sort by:
chitosan term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Abca1 ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 multiple interactions EXP [Chitosan co-treated with Fish Oils] inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in decreased expression of ABCA1 mRNA]; Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in decreased expression of ABCA1 mRNA] CTD PMID:28987369 NCBI chr 5:67,678,267...67,801,162
Ensembl chr 5:67,681,297...67,801,170 		JBrowse link
G Akt1 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 multiple interactions
decreases phosphorylation		 EXP
ISO		 [Cromolyn Sodium co-treated with Chitosan] inhibits the reaction [Dimethylhydrazines results in increased expression of AKT1 protein]
Chitosan results in decreased phosphorylation of AKT1 protein		 CTD PMID:28732690 PMID:36706893 NCBI chr 6:131,713,716...131,735,319
Ensembl chr 6:131,713,720...131,733,921 		JBrowse link
G Alad aminolevulinate dehydratase multiple interactions EXP [Curcumin co-treated with Chitosan analog] inhibits the reaction [Arsenic results in decreased activity of ALAD protein] CTD PMID:22704994 NCBI chr 5:75,961,993...75,972,334
Ensembl chr 5:75,961,993...75,972,474 		JBrowse link
G Alpl alkaline phosphatase, biomineralization associated increases expression ISO Chitosan results in increased expression of ALPL mRNA; Chitosan results in increased expression of ALPL protein CTD PMID:25246786 NCBI chr 5:149,951,397...150,006,424
Ensembl chr 5:149,951,409...150,006,446 		JBrowse link
G Aox1 aldehyde oxidase 1 multiple interactions EXP [Chitosan co-treated with Fish Oils] inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in decreased expression of AOX1 mRNA]; Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in decreased expression of AOX1 mRNA] CTD PMID:28987369 NCBI chr 9:59,579,621...59,658,772
Ensembl chr 9:59,579,649...59,658,770 		JBrowse link
G Arb2a ARB2 cotranscriptional regulator A multiple interactions
increases expression		 ISO ARB2A protein affects the reaction [Chitosan results in decreased expression of CPE protein]; ARB2A protein affects the reaction [Chitosan results in decreased expression of MMP9 protein]; ARB2A protein affects the reaction [Chitosan results in decreased phosphorylation of MAPK1 protein]; ARB2A protein affects the reaction [Chitosan results in decreased phosphorylation of MAPK3 protein]
Chitosan results in increased expression of ARB2A mRNA		 CTD PMID:36706893 NCBI chr 2:7,553,873...8,018,183
Ensembl chr 2:7,553,891...8,018,162 		JBrowse link
G Bax BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator multiple interactions ISO
EXP		 [Fluorouracil co-treated with Chitosan co-treated with polyaspartate] results in increased expression of BAX protein
Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in increased expression of BAX protein]		 CTD PMID:18567086 PMID:30928397 NCBI chr 1:95,940,001...95,945,407
Ensembl chr 1:95,938,808...95,945,368 		JBrowse link
G Bcl2 BCL2, apoptosis regulator multiple interactions ISO
EXP		 [Fluorouracil co-treated with Chitosan co-treated with polyaspartate] results in decreased expression of BCL2 protein
[Cromolyn Sodium co-treated with Chitosan] inhibits the reaction [Dimethylhydrazines results in increased expression of BCL2 protein]; Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in decreased expression of BCL2 protein]		 CTD PMID:18567086 PMID:28732690 PMID:30928397 NCBI chr13:22,689,783...22,853,920
Ensembl chr13:22,684,989...22,853,743
Ensembl chr13:22,684,989...22,853,743 		JBrowse link
G Bglap bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein increases expression ISO Chitosan results in increased expression of BGLAP mRNA CTD PMID:25246786 NCBI chr 2:173,838,518...173,839,495
Ensembl chr 2:173,838,518...173,839,495 		JBrowse link
G Casp3 caspase 3 multiple interactions ISO
EXP		 Chitosan metabolite inhibits the reaction [Copper results in increased activity of CASP3 protein]
Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in increased expression of CASP3 protein]; Chitosan inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in increased expression of CASP3 protein]		 CTD PMID:25542178 PMID:30928397 PMID:35705592 NCBI chr16:45,662,910...45,681,171
Ensembl chr16:45,662,910...45,684,648 		JBrowse link
G Casp9 caspase 9 multiple interactions EXP Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in increased expression of CASP9 protein] CTD PMID:30928397 NCBI chr 5:154,108,872...154,126,628
Ensembl chr 5:154,109,046...154,126,626 		JBrowse link
G Cat catalase multiple interactions EXP [Chitosan analog co-treated with Quercetin] inhibits the reaction [ochratoxin A results in decreased activity of CAT protein]; [Curcumin co-treated with Chitosan analog] inhibits the reaction [Arsenic results in decreased activity of CAT protein]; Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in decreased activity of CAT protein]; Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [ochratoxin A results in decreased activity of CAT protein]; Chitosan inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in decreased expression of CAT protein]; Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Carbon Tetrachloride results in decreased activity of CAT protein] CTD PMID:12679053 PMID:22704994 PMID:27923682 PMID:30928397 PMID:35705592 NCBI chr 3:89,842,393...89,874,577
Ensembl chr 3:89,842,399...89,874,478 		JBrowse link
G Clec7a C-type lectin domain containing 7A multiple interactions
decreases expression		 ISO Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Lipopolysaccharides results in decreased expression of CLEC7A mRNA]
Chitosan results in decreased expression of CLEC7A mRNA		 CTD PMID:21329777 NCBI chr 4:162,902,731...162,913,931
Ensembl chr 4:162,902,732...162,913,897 		JBrowse link
G Col15a1 collagen type XV alpha 1 chain decreases expression ISO Chitosan results in decreased expression of COL15A1 mRNA CTD PMID:36706893 NCBI chr 5:61,501,963...61,607,591
Ensembl chr 5:61,501,963...61,607,591 		JBrowse link
G Cpe carboxypeptidase E decreases expression
multiple interactions		 ISO Chitosan results in decreased expression of CPE mRNA; Chitosan results in decreased expression of CPE protein
ARB2A protein affects the reaction [Chitosan results in decreased expression of CPE protein]		 CTD PMID:36706893 NCBI chr16:25,030,276...25,142,231
Ensembl chr16:25,030,276...25,142,233 		JBrowse link
G Ctnnb1 catenin beta 1 multiple interactions EXP [Cromolyn Sodium co-treated with Chitosan] inhibits the reaction [Dimethylhydrazines results in increased expression of CTNNB1 protein] CTD PMID:28732690 NCBI chr 8:120,640,008...120,667,110
Ensembl chr 8:120,639,995...120,667,111 		JBrowse link
G Cyp3a2 cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 2 increases activity ISO Chitosan analog results in increased activity of CYP3A4 protein CTD PMID:20831879 NCBI chr12:9,207,978...9,230,064
Ensembl chr12:9,015,383...9,285,008 		JBrowse link
G Cyp7a1 cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1 multiple interactions EXP Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in increased expression of CYP7A1 mRNA]; Fish Oils promotes the reaction [Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in increased expression of CYP7A1 mRNA]] CTD PMID:28987369 NCBI chr 5:19,376,979...19,386,676
Ensembl chr 5:19,376,974...19,386,688 		JBrowse link
G Dkk1 dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 increases expression ISO Chitosan results in increased expression of DKK1 mRNA CTD PMID:36706893 NCBI chr 1:228,381,521...228,385,202
Ensembl chr 1:228,381,521...228,385,202 		JBrowse link
G Fabp4 fatty acid binding protein 4 multiple interactions EXP [Fish Oils co-treated with Chitosan] inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in increased expression of FABP4 mRNA]; Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in increased expression of FABP4 mRNA] CTD PMID:28987369 NCBI chr 2:91,580,879...91,585,567
Ensembl chr 2:91,580,885...91,585,578 		JBrowse link
G Fasn fatty acid synthase multiple interactions EXP [Fish Oils co-treated with Chitosan] inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in increased expression of FASN mRNA]; Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in increased expression of FASN mRNA] CTD PMID:28987369 NCBI chr10:106,072,093...106,090,259
Ensembl chr10:106,072,091...106,090,261 		JBrowse link
G Foxo3 forkhead box O3 decreases phosphorylation ISO Chitosan results in decreased phosphorylation of FOXO3 protein CTD PMID:36706893 NCBI chr20:45,669,708...45,764,606
Ensembl chr20:45,672,995...45,764,561 		JBrowse link
G Gcg glucagon increases expression
multiple interactions
increases secretion		 ISO Chitosan results in increased expression of GCG mRNA
SB 203580 inhibits the reaction [Chitosan results in increased expression of GCG mRNA]; SB 203580 inhibits the reaction [Chitosan results in increased secretion of GCG protein]		 CTD PMID:23611362 NCBI chr 3:47,113,914...47,122,958
Ensembl chr 3:47,113,914...47,122,929 		JBrowse link
G Got1 glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1 multiple interactions EXP Chitosan inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in increased secretion of GOT1 protein] CTD PMID:35705592 NCBI chr 1:242,357,293...242,381,535
Ensembl chr 1:242,357,306...242,380,633 		JBrowse link
G Gpt glutamic--pyruvic transaminase multiple interactions EXP Chitosan inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in increased secretion of GPT protein] CTD PMID:35705592 NCBI chr 7:108,416,646...108,419,495
Ensembl chr 7:108,416,642...108,419,494 		JBrowse link
G Gpx1 glutathione peroxidase 1 increases expression
multiple interactions		 EXP Chitosan analog results in increased expression of GPX1 mRNA
[Chitosan analog co-treated with Quercetin] inhibits the reaction [ochratoxin A results in decreased expression of GPX1 mRNA]; [Chitosan analog co-treated with Quercetin] results in increased expression of GPX1 mRNA; Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [ochratoxin A results in decreased expression of GPX1 mRNA]		 CTD PMID:27923682 NCBI chr 8:109,026,905...109,028,031
Ensembl chr 8:109,026,905...109,028,024 		JBrowse link
G Gsk3b glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta multiple interactions EXP [Cromolyn Sodium co-treated with Chitosan] inhibits the reaction [Dimethylhydrazines results in increased expression of GSK3B protein] CTD PMID:28732690 NCBI chr11:62,498,997...62,648,665
Ensembl chr11:62,504,316...62,648,646 		JBrowse link
G Gsr glutathione-disulfide reductase multiple interactions EXP Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in decreased expression of GSR mRNA] CTD PMID:30928397 NCBI chr16:58,482,209...58,525,256
Ensembl chr16:58,482,505...58,525,661 		JBrowse link
G Hmgcr 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase multiple interactions EXP [Fish Oils co-treated with Chitosan] inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in increased expression of HMGCR mRNA]; Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in increased expression of HMGCR mRNA] CTD PMID:28987369 NCBI chr 2:27,997,523...28,018,983
Ensembl chr 2:27,997,525...28,019,703 		JBrowse link
G Hmox1 heme oxygenase 1 multiple interactions ISO
EXP		 [Chitosan metabolite results in decreased susceptibility to Copper] which results in increased expression of HMOX1 mRNA; [Chitosan metabolite results in decreased susceptibility to Copper] which results in increased expression of HMOX1 protein
Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in decreased expression of HMOX1 mRNA]; Chitosan inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in decreased expression of HMOX1 mRNA]		 CTD PMID:25542178 PMID:30928397 PMID:35705592 NCBI chr19:13,466,287...13,474,082
Ensembl chr19:13,467,244...13,474,079 		JBrowse link
G Il10 interleukin 10 multiple interactions
increases secretion		 ISO Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Lipopolysaccharides results in increased secretion of IL10 protein]
Chitosan results in increased secretion of IL10 protein		 CTD PMID:21329777 NCBI chr13:42,472,625...42,477,308
Ensembl chr13:42,472,839...42,477,313 		JBrowse link
G Il6 interleukin 6 increases secretion
multiple interactions		 ISO Chitosan results in increased secretion of IL6 protein
Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Lipopolysaccharides results in increased secretion of IL6 protein]		 CTD PMID:21329777 NCBI chr 4:5,214,602...5,219,178
Ensembl chr 4:5,213,394...5,219,178 		JBrowse link
G Keap1 Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 multiple interactions EXP Chitosan inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in increased expression of KEAP1 mRNA] CTD PMID:35705592 NCBI chr 8:19,768,375...19,777,862
Ensembl chr 8:19,768,375...19,777,862 		JBrowse link
G Mapk1 mitogen activated protein kinase 1 multiple interactions
decreases phosphorylation		 ISO ARB2A protein affects the reaction [Chitosan results in decreased phosphorylation of MAPK1 protein] CTD PMID:36706893 NCBI chr11:83,957,813...84,023,629
Ensembl chr11:83,957,813...84,023,616 		JBrowse link
G Mapk3 mitogen activated protein kinase 3 multiple interactions
decreases phosphorylation		 EXP
ISO		 [Cromolyn Sodium co-treated with Chitosan] inhibits the reaction [Dimethylhydrazines results in increased expression of MAPK3 protein]
ARB2A protein affects the reaction [Chitosan results in decreased phosphorylation of MAPK3 protein]		 CTD PMID:28732690 PMID:36706893 NCBI chr 1:181,366,646...181,372,863
Ensembl chr 1:181,366,637...181,372,863 		JBrowse link
G Mmp2 matrix metallopeptidase 2 multiple interactions EXP Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Aminolevulinic Acid analog results in increased activity of MMP2 protein] CTD PMID:18806744 NCBI chr19:14,154,657...14,182,870
Ensembl chr19:14,154,657...14,182,870 		JBrowse link
G Mmp9 matrix metallopeptidase 9 multiple interactions
decreases expression		 ISO ARB2A protein affects the reaction [Chitosan results in decreased expression of MMP9 protein]
Chitosan results in decreased expression of MMP9 mRNA; Chitosan results in decreased expression of MMP9 protein		 CTD PMID:36706893 NCBI chr 3:153,684,158...153,692,118
Ensembl chr 3:153,683,858...153,692,120 		JBrowse link
G Nfe2l2 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 multiple interactions
affects localization		 ISO
EXP		 [Chitosan metabolite results in decreased susceptibility to Copper] which results in increased phosphorylation of NFE2L2 protein
Chitosan analog affects the localization of NFE2L2 protein
Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin affects the localization of NFE2L2 protein]; Chitosan inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in decreased expression of NFE2L2 mRNA]; pyrazolanthrone inhibits the reaction [Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin affects the localization of NFE2L2 protein]]; SB 203580 inhibits the reaction [Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin affects the localization of NFE2L2 protein]]		 CTD PMID:25542178 PMID:30928397 PMID:35705592 NCBI chr 3:60,594,239...60,621,712
Ensembl chr 3:60,594,242...60,621,737 		JBrowse link
G Nos2 nitric oxide synthase 2 multiple interactions EXP Chitosan inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in increased expression of NOS2 protein] CTD PMID:35705592 NCBI chr10:63,815,308...63,851,208
Ensembl chr10:63,815,308...63,851,210 		JBrowse link
G Nqo1 NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 multiple interactions EXP Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in decreased expression of NQO1 mRNA] CTD PMID:30928397 NCBI chr19:35,295,633...35,310,528
Ensembl chr19:35,295,573...35,310,557 		JBrowse link
G Nr1h3 nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3 multiple interactions EXP [Chitosan co-treated with Fish Oils] inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in increased expression of NR1H3 protein] CTD PMID:28987369 NCBI chr 3:77,158,808...77,168,907
Ensembl chr 3:77,158,808...77,168,722 		JBrowse link
G Pik3ca phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha decreases phosphorylation ISO Chitosan results in decreased phosphorylation of PIK3CA protein CTD PMID:36706893 NCBI chr 2:115,175,275...115,249,034
Ensembl chr 2:115,174,984...115,249,032 		JBrowse link
G Pik3r1 phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 decreases phosphorylation ISO Chitosan results in decreased phosphorylation of PIK3R1 protein CTD PMID:36706893 NCBI chr 2:32,878,942...32,963,668
Ensembl chr 2:32,882,032...32,963,631 		JBrowse link
G Ppara peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha multiple interactions EXP [Chitosan co-treated with Fish Oils] inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in decreased expression of PPARA protein] CTD PMID:28987369 NCBI chr 7:116,832,405...116,900,878
Ensembl chr 7:116,832,756...116,895,346 		JBrowse link
G Ppargc1a PPARG coactivator 1 alpha increases expression ISO Chitosan results in increased expression of PPARGC1A mRNA CTD PMID:36706893 NCBI chr14:58,860,752...59,516,525
Ensembl chr14:58,861,144...59,512,656 		JBrowse link
G Rela RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit multiple interactions EXP [Cromolyn Sodium co-treated with Chitosan] inhibits the reaction [Dimethylhydrazines results in increased expression of RELA protein] CTD PMID:28732690 NCBI chr 1:202,925,001...202,935,484
Ensembl chr 1:202,924,945...202,935,484 		JBrowse link
G Runx2 RUNX family transcription factor 2 increases expression ISO Chitosan results in increased expression of RUNX2 mRNA; Chitosan results in increased expression of RUNX2 protein CTD PMID:25246786 NCBI chr 9:16,167,504...16,492,826
Ensembl chr 9:16,167,482...16,492,167 		JBrowse link
G Sod1 superoxide dismutase 1 multiple interactions
increases expression		 EXP [Chitosan analog co-treated with Quercetin] results in increased expression of SOD1 mRNA; Chitosan analog inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in decreased expression of SOD1 mRNA]
Chitosan analog results in increased expression of SOD1 mRNA		 CTD PMID:27923682 PMID:30928397 NCBI chr11:29,456,673...29,462,249
Ensembl chr11:29,456,558...29,462,249 		JBrowse link
G Sparcl1 SPARC like 1 decreases expression ISO Chitosan results in decreased expression of SPARCL1 mRNA CTD PMID:36706893 NCBI chr14:5,632,816...5,663,866
Ensembl chr14:5,632,569...5,663,865 		JBrowse link
G Spp1 secreted phosphoprotein 1 increases expression ISO Chitosan results in increased expression of SPP1 mRNA CTD PMID:25246786 NCBI chr14:5,308,885...5,315,120
Ensembl chr14:5,308,885...5,315,162 		JBrowse link
G Srebf1 sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 multiple interactions EXP [Fish Oils co-treated with Chitosan] inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in increased expression of SREBF1 mRNA]; Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Dietary Fats results in increased expression of SREBF1 mRNA] CTD PMID:28987369 NCBI chr10:45,007,637...45,029,650
Ensembl chr10:45,007,637...45,029,650 		JBrowse link
G Th tyrosine hydroxylase multiple interactions EXP [Curcumin co-treated with Chitosan analog] inhibits the reaction [Arsenic results in decreased expression of TH protein] CTD PMID:22704994 NCBI chr 1:198,071,500...198,078,832
Ensembl chr 1:198,071,503...198,109,767 		JBrowse link
G Tlr2 toll-like receptor 2 multiple interactions
decreases expression		 ISO Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Lipopolysaccharides results in decreased expression of TLR2 mRNA]
Chitosan results in decreased expression of TLR2 mRNA		 CTD PMID:21329777 NCBI chr 2:169,200,620...169,206,819
Ensembl chr 2:169,197,419...169,206,630 		JBrowse link
G Tlr4 toll-like receptor 4 decreases expression
multiple interactions		 ISO Chitosan results in decreased expression of TLR4 mRNA
Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Lipopolysaccharides results in decreased expression of TLR4 mRNA]		 CTD PMID:21329777 NCBI chr 5:80,145,867...80,159,501
Ensembl chr 5:80,145,826...80,159,628 		JBrowse link
G Tnf tumor necrosis factor multiple interactions
increases secretion		 ISO Chitosan inhibits the reaction [Lipopolysaccharides results in increased secretion of TNF protein]
Chitosan results in increased secretion of TNF protein		 CTD PMID:21329777 NCBI chr20:3,622,011...3,624,629
Ensembl chr20:3,622,011...3,624,629 		JBrowse link
G Tph1 tryptophan hydroxylase 1 multiple interactions EXP [Curcumin co-treated with Chitosan analog] inhibits the reaction [Arsenic results in decreased expression of TPH1 protein] CTD PMID:22704994 NCBI chr 1:97,157,375...97,178,415
Ensembl chr 1:97,157,409...97,178,344 		JBrowse link
Term paths to the root
Path 1
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 19811
    role 19818
      biological role 19785
        biochemical role 19496
          elicitor 56
            chitosan 56
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 19811
    subatomic particle 19809
      composite particle 19809
        hadron 19840
          baryon 19809
            nucleon 19809
              atomic nucleus 19809
                atom 19809
                  main group element atom 19759
                    p-block element atom 19759
                      carbon group element atom 19708
                        carbon atom 19734
                          organic molecular entity 19705
                            heteroorganic entity 19459
                              organochalcogen compound 19222
                                organooxygen compound 19137
                                  carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives 15269
                                    carbohydrate 15284
                                      polysaccharide 8198
                                        polysaccharide derivative 5113
                                          aminoglycan 410
                                            chitosan 56
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