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Gene: Gstm1 (glutathione S-transferase mu 1) Rattus norvegicus

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Symbol:

Gstm1

Name:

glutathione S-transferase mu 1

RGD ID:

2755

Description:

Enables several functions, including glutathione binding activity; glutathione transferase activity; and nickel cation binding activity. Involved in several processes, including glutathione metabolic process; response to ethanol; and response to lead ion. Located in cytosol and extracellular region. Part of protein-containing complex. Used to study cholestasis. Biomarker of hypertension and liver cirrhosis. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including eye disease (multiple); gastrointestinal system cancer (multiple); hematologic cancer (multiple); lung disease (multiple); and reproductive organ cancer (multiple). Orthologous to human GSTM1 (glutathione S-transferase mu 1); PARTICIPATES IN cyclophosphamide pharmacodynamics pathway; cyclophosphamide pharmacokinetics pathway; glutathione conjugation pathway; INTERACTS WITH (+)-schisandrin B; (R)-lipoic acid; (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol.

Type:

protein-coding

RefSeq Status:

PROVISIONAL

Previously known as:

glutathione S-transferase M1; glutathione S-transferase Yb-1 subunit; glutathione S-transferase, mu 1; glutathione-S-transferase mu type 1 (Yb1); Glutathione-S-transferase, mu type 1 (Yb1); GST 3-3; GST Yb1; GSTA3; GSTM1-1

RGD Orthologs

Alliance Orthologs

More Info

more info ...

Is Marker For:

Strains: SHRSP.WKY-(D2Wox9-D2Mgh12)/Gcrc ; SHRSP.WKY-(D2Rat13-D2Rat157)/Gcrc ; SHRSP.WKY-(D2Mit21-D2Rat157)/Gcrc

Latest Assembly:

GRCr8 - GRCr8 Assembly

Position:

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
GRCr8	2	198,338,005 - 198,346,007 (-)	NCBI	GRCr8	GRCr8		GRCr8
GRCr8 Ensembl	2	198,338,008 - 198,343,569 (-)	Ensembl				GRCr8
mRatBN7.2	2	195,649,845 - 195,655,402 (-)	NCBI	mRatBN7.2	mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl	2	195,649,845 - 195,655,411 (-)	Ensembl				mRatBN7.2
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx	2	203,292,372 - 203,297,745 (-)	NCBI	UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx	UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0	2	201,174,485 - 201,179,858 (-)	NCBI	UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0	UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0	2	195,991,446 - 195,996,819 (-)	NCBI	UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0	UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.0	2	210,803,869 - 210,809,461 (-)	NCBI	Rnor_6.0	Rnor_6.0	rn6	Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl	2	210,803,869 - 210,809,306 (-)	Ensembl			rn6	Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0	2	230,272,740 - 230,278,278 (-)	NCBI	Rnor_5.0	Rnor_5.0	rn5
RGSC_v3.4	2	203,575,444 - 203,580,821 (-)	NCBI	RGSC_v3.4	RGSC_v3.4	rn4
Celera	2	188,295,244 - 188,300,621 (-)	NCBI		Celera
RGSC_v3.1	2	203,538,197 - 203,543,575 (-)	NCBI
Cytogenetic Map	2	q34	NCBI

JBrowse:

View Region in Genome Browser (JBrowse)

Annotation Click to see Annotation Detail View

Disease Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

acute chest syndrome (ISO)

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ISO)

acute myeloid leukemia (ISO)

adenocarcinoma (ISO)

aggressive periodontitis (ISO)

alcohol-associated liver disease (ISO)

allergic disease (ISO)

amphetamine abuse (ISO)

angle-closure glaucoma (ISO)

aplastic anemia (ISO)

asbestosis (ISO)

asphyxia neonatorum (ISO)

asthma (ISO)

atherosclerosis (ISO)

atopic dermatitis (ISO)

autism spectrum disorder (ISO,ISS)

autistic disorder (ISO)

breast cancer (ISO)

Breast Neoplasms (ISO)

bronchopulmonary dysplasia (ISO)

cataract (ISO)

cervical cancer (ISO)

cervix carcinoma (ISO)

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury (IEP,ISO)

Chloracne (ISO)

cholangiocarcinoma (ISO)

cholestasis (IDA)

Chromosome Aberrations (ISO)

Chromosome Breakage (ISO)

Chronic Bronchitis (ISO)

Chronic Hepatitis C (ISO)

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ISO)

Chronic Periodontitis (ISO)

colorectal adenocarcinoma (ISO)

colorectal adenoma (ISO)

colorectal cancer (ISO)

colorectal carcinoma (ISO)

Colorectal Neoplasms (ISO)

Congenital Abnormalities (ISO)

congenital heart disease (ISO)

coronary artery disease (ISO)

COVID-19 (ISO)

Crohn's disease (ISO)

cystic fibrosis (ISO)

diabetes mellitus (ISO)

Diabetic Nephropathies (ISO)

diabetic retinopathy (ISO)

diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ISO)

Disease Susceptibility (ISO)

drug allergy (ISO)

Drug-induced Anemia (ISO)

Drug-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia (ISO)

Dysmenorrhea (ISO)

end stage renal disease (ISO)

erythema nodosum (ISO)

esophageal atresia (ISO)

esophageal cancer (ISO)

esophagus adenocarcinoma (ISO)

esophagus squamous cell carcinoma (ISO)

exfoliation syndrome (ISO)

Experimental Liver Cirrhosis (ISO)

Fanconi anemia (ISO)

Female Infertility (ISO)

Femur Head Necrosis (ISO)

Fetal Growth Retardation (ISO)

gallbladder cancer (ISO)

gastritis (ISO)

Genetic Predisposition to Disease (ISO)

graft-versus-host disease (ISO)

head and neck cancer (ISO)

Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced (ISO)

Hematologic Neoplasms (ISO)

hepatic veno-occlusive disease (ISO)

hepatocellular carcinoma (ISO)

high grade glioma (ISO)

Hirschsprung's disease (ISO)

Hodgkin's lymphoma (ISO)

hypertension (IEP)

Hypertension Resistant to Conventional Therapy (ISO)

hypospadias (ISO)

Hypotension (IEP)

infectious mononucleosis (ISO)

inflammatory bowel disease (ISO)

Iron Overload (ISO)

keratosis (ISO)

Kidney Neoplasms (ISO)

Kidney Reperfusion Injury (IEP)

Kuhnt-Junius degeneration (ISO)

larynx cancer (ISO)

leukemia (ISO)

leukopenia (ISO)

Leukoplakia (ISO)

liver cirrhosis (IEP,ISO)

Liver Neoplasms (ISO)

Liver Reperfusion Injury (IEP)

lung cancer (ISO)

lung disease (ISO)

Lung Neoplasms (ISO)

lymphoid leukemia (ISO)

Lynch syndrome (ISO)

macular degeneration (ISO)

malignant astrocytoma (ISO)

malignant mesothelioma (ISO)

medulloblastoma (ISO)

Mesothelioma (ISO)

metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (ISO)

Metabolic Syndrome (ISO)

methemoglobinemia (ISO)

Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective (ISO)

Mouth Abnormalities (ISO)

movement disease (ISO)

multiple myeloma (IAGP,ISO)

multiple sclerosis (ISO)

myelodysplastic syndrome (ISO)

myeloid leukemia (ISO)

Nasal Polyps (ISO)

nasopharynx carcinoma (ISO)

Neoplasms, Second Primary (ISO)

neurodegenerative disease (ISO)

optic neuritis (ISO)

oral cavity cancer (ISO)

oral mucosa leukoplakia (ISO)

oral squamous cell carcinoma (ISO)

oral submucous fibrosis (ISO)

orofacial cleft (ISO)

ovarian carcinoma (ISO)

ovary epithelial cancer (ISO)

papillomavirus infectious disease (ISO)

Parkinson's disease (ISO)

periodontitis (ISO)

plaque psoriasis (ISO)

polycythemia vera (ISO)

porphyria cutanea tarda (ISO)

pre-malignant neoplasm (ISO)

Premature Birth (ISO)

Presbycusis (ISO)

primary open angle glaucoma (ISO)

prostate cancer (ISO)

Prostatic Neoplasms (ISO)

pterygium (ISO)

pulmonary emphysema (ISO)

pulmonary tuberculosis (ISO)

Raynaud disease (ISO)

renal cell carcinoma (ISO)

rheumatoid arthritis (ISO)

schizophrenia (ISO)

senile cataract (ISO)

Sjögren-Mikulicz Syndrome (ISO)

skin disease (ISO)

skin melanoma (ISO)

small intestine adenocarcinoma (ISO)

squamous cell carcinoma (ISO)

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (ISO)

stomach cancer (ISO)

stroke (ISO)

systemic lupus erythematosus (ISO)

systemic scleroderma (ISO)

Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (ISO)

Testicular Neoplasms (ISO)

thalassemia (ISO)

toxic encephalopathy (ISO)

transitional cell carcinoma (ISO)

type 1 diabetes mellitus (ISO)

type 2 diabetes mellitus (ISO)

Ulcer (ISO)

ulcerative colitis (ISO)

urinary bladder cancer (ISO)

urticaria (ISO)

Vaso-occlusive Crisis (ISO)

Gene-Chemical Interaction Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

(+)-schisandrin B (EXP)

(+)-taxifolin (ISO)

(-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate (ISO)

(1->4)-beta-D-glucan (ISO)

(R)-lipoic acid (EXP,ISO)

(R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol (EXP)

1,1-dichloroethene (ISO)

1,2-dimethylhydrazine (ISO)

1,4-dichlorobenzene (ISO)

1,4-dioxane (ISO)

1-aminobenzotriazole (ISO)

1-benzofuran (ISO)

1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (EXP,ISO)

1-Hydroxypyrene (ISO)

1-naphthyl isothiocyanate (EXP)

1-nitropropane (EXP)

15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (ISO)

17alpha-ethynylestradiol (EXP)

17beta-estradiol (EXP,ISO)

1H-imidazole (EXP)

1H-pyrazole (ISO)

2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (ISO)

2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (EXP)

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine (EXP,ISO)

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran (EXP,ISO)

2,4,6-tribromophenol (ISO)

2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (EXP)

2,4-diaminotoluene (EXP)

2,4-dibromophenyl 2,4,5-tribromophenyl ether (ISO)

2,4-dinitrotoluene (EXP)

2,6-diaminotoluene (EXP)

2,6-dinitrotoluene (EXP)

2-acetamidofluorene (EXP)

2-allylphenol (EXP,ISO)

2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (EXP)

2-amino-7-methyl-1,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one (ISO)

2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine (EXP)

2-nitropropane (EXP)

2-phenylpropanal (ISO)

2-tert-butylhydroquinone (ISO)

3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (EXP,ISO)

3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A (ISO)

3,3'-diindolylmethane (ISO)

3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (EXP)

3,7-dihydropurine-6-thione (ISO)

3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (EXP)

3-methylcholanthrene (EXP)

3-methylpyridine (ISO)

3-phenylprop-2-enal (ISO)

3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (EXP,ISO)

4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (EXP,ISO)

4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol (EXP,ISO)

4-(ethoxymethylene)-2-phenyloxazol-5-one (ISO)

4-acetylaminofluorene (EXP)

4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (EXP)

4-Chloronitrobenzene (EXP)

4-hydroxynon-2-enal (EXP,ISO)

4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide (ISO)

4-nitro-1,2-phenylenediamine (EXP)

4-Propylphenol (EXP,ISO)

5-fluorouracil (ISO)

5-Hydroxythalidomide (ISO)

9-cis-retinoic acid (ISO)

acetamide (EXP)

acetic acid (EXP)

acetylsalicylic acid (ISO)

acrylamide (EXP,ISO)

aflatoxin B1 (EXP,ISO)

aflatoxin B1 exo-8,9-epoxide (EXP)

all-trans-4-oxoretinoic acid (ISO)

all-trans-retinoic acid (ISO)

allyl isothiocyanate (ISO)

alpha-methyl-L-dopa (ISO)

alpha-tocotrienol (ISO)

alpha-Zearalanol (EXP)

Amaranth (EXP)

ametryn (EXP)

aminoguanidine (ISO)

ammonium chloride (EXP)

angelica lactone (ISO)

aristolochic acid A (EXP)

Aroclor 1254 (EXP)

arsane (ISO)

arsenic atom (ISO)

arsenite(3-) (ISO)

arsenous acid (ISO)

asbestos (ISO)

atrazine (EXP,ISO)

azathioprine (ISO)

benzene (ISO)

benzo[a]pyrene (ISO)

benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide I (ISO)

Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol (ISO)

benzo[b]fluoranthene (ISO)

Benzo[k]fluoranthene (ISO)

benzothiazole (EXP)

benzotriazole (EXP)

benzyl isothiocyanate (ISO)

beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (ISO)

beta-naphthoflavone (EXP,ISO)

beta-tocopherol (EXP)

bifenthrin (ISO)

bilirubin IXalpha (ISO)

bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide (ISO)

bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (ISO)

bisphenol A (EXP,ISO)

bisphenol AF (ISO)

bisphenol F (EXP,ISO)

bleomycin A2 (EXP)

Brilliant Blue (EXP)

bromobenzene (EXP)

busulfan (ISO)

buta-1,3-diene (ISO)

butanal (ISO)

butylated hydroxyanisole (ISO)

butyric acid (EXP)

cadmium acetate (EXP)

cadmium atom (ISO)

cadmium dichloride (EXP,ISO)

cafestol (ISO)

calcitriol (ISO)

cannabidiol (ISO)

carbamazepine (EXP,ISO)

carbon atom (ISO)

carbon disulfide (ISO)

carbon nanotube (ISO)

carmustine (ISO)

cefaloridine (EXP)

chenodeoxycholic acid (EXP,ISO)

chlorambucil (ISO)

chlordecone (ISO)

chloroethene (ISO)

chlorohydrocarbon (ISO)

chloroprene (ISO)

chlorpyrifos (EXP,ISO)

cholic acid (EXP)

chromium atom (ISO)

chromium(6+) (EXP)

chrysene (ISO)

ciprofibrate (EXP)

cis-caffeic acid (EXP)

cisplatin (ISO)

clofibrate (EXP,ISO)

clozapine (EXP,ISO)

copper atom (EXP,ISO)

copper(0) (EXP,ISO)

Cuprizon (EXP)

cyclophosphamide (ISO)

cyclosporin A (ISO)

cyproconazole (EXP,ISO)

cytarabine (ISO)

daunorubicin (ISO)

decabromodiphenyl ether (ISO)

delta-tocopherol (EXP)

deoxycholic acid (ISO)

dexamethasone (EXP,ISO)

dextran sulfate (ISO)

Diallyl sulfide (EXP,ISO)

diarsenic trioxide (ISO)

diazinon (EXP)

Dibenz[a,c]anthracene (ISO)

dibenz[a,h]anthracene (ISO)

dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (ISO)

dibenzofurans (ISO)

dibenzoylmethane (ISO)

dichloroacetic acid (ISO)

diclofenac (ISO)

dicyclanil (ISO)

diethyl maleate (EXP)

diethyldithiocarbamic acid (EXP)

diethylstilbestrol (ISO)

dimethyl sulfoxide (EXP)

dimethylarsinic acid (EXP,ISO)

dinophysistoxin 1 (ISO)

dioxygen (ISO)

diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (ISO)

diquat (EXP,ISO)

diuron (EXP)

dopamine (ISO)

doxorubicin (EXP,ISO)

ebselen (EXP)

elemental carbon (ISO)

endosulfan (EXP,ISO)

epichlorohydrin (ISO)

epoxiconazole (EXP,ISO)

Erucin (EXP)

erythrosin B (EXP)

etacrynic acid (ISO)

ethanol (EXP,ISO)

ethoxyquin (EXP,ISO)

etoposide (ISO)

eugenol (EXP,ISO)

felbamate (EXP)

fenamidone (ISO)

finasteride (EXP)

fipronil (EXP)

fluconazole (ISO)

flutamide (EXP)

folic acid (ISO)

fumonisin B1 (ISO)

furan (EXP,ISO)

gabapentin (EXP)

gamma-tocopherol (EXP,ISO)

Geniposide (EXP)

gentamycin (EXP)

glutathione (EXP,ISO)

glycochenodeoxycholic acid (ISO)

glycocholic acid (ISO)

glycodeoxycholic acid (ISO)

glyphosate (ISO)

GW 4064 (ISO)

haloperidol (EXP)

herbicide (EXP)

Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (EXP)

hexachlorobenzene (EXP)

hexamethylene diisocyanate (ISO)

hydrazine (ISO)

hydrogen chloride (ISO)

hydrogen peroxide (ISO)

hydroquinone (ISO)

indigo carmine (EXP)

indole-3-methanol (EXP,ISO)

indometacin (EXP)

inulin (ISO)

iron atom (ISO)

iron dextran (ISO)

iron(0) (ISO)

isomethyleugenol (EXP,ISO)

isoniazide (ISO)

isotretinoin (ISO)

ivermectin (ISO)

kahweol (ISO)

ketoconazole (ISO)

kojic acid (EXP)

L-ascorbic acid (EXP,ISO)

L-cysteine (EXP)

L-methionine (EXP)

lead diacetate (EXP)

lead(0) (ISO)

lead(II) chloride (ISO)

lignan (ISO)

limonene (EXP)

lipoic acid (EXP,ISO)

lipopolysaccharide (ISO)

lithium atom (EXP)

lithium hydride (EXP)

lithocholic acid (EXP,ISO)

lithocholic acid sulfate (EXP)

LY294002 (EXP)

mefenamic acid (ISO)

MeIQx (ISO)

melatonin (EXP)

melphalan (ISO)

menadione (ISO)

mercaptopurine (ISO)

mercury atom (ISO)

mercury dichloride (ISO)

mercury(0) (ISO)

methamphetamine (ISO)

methotrexate (ISO)

methylarsonic acid (EXP)

methylmercury chloride (ISO)

metiram (ISO)

microcystin (EXP)

microcystin RR (ISO)

microcystin-LR (ISO)

mirabegron (EXP)

mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (ISO)

monocrotaline (ISO)

muconic acid (ISO)

N-acetyl-L-cysteine (EXP,ISO)

N-Acetyl-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)-cysteine (ISO)

N-acetyl-S-phenyl-L-cysteine (ISO)

N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal (ISO)

N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (ISO)

N-hydroxy-PhIP (EXP)

N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (EXP,ISO)

N-nitrosodiethylamine (EXP,ISO)

naphthalene (ISO)

naphthalene-1,5-diamine (ISO)

nefazodone (EXP,ISO)

nevirapine (ISO)

nickel atom (ISO)

nimesulide (EXP)

nitric oxide (ISO)

nitrofen (EXP)

nitrogen dioxide (ISO)

O-methyleugenol (EXP,ISO)

ochratoxin A (EXP,ISO)

Octachlorostyrene (ISO)

okadaic acid (ISO)

oltipraz (EXP,ISO)

oxfendazole (EXP)

oxybenzone (EXP)

ozone (ISO)

p-toluidine (EXP)

paclitaxel (ISO)

paracetamol (EXP,ISO)

paraquat (ISO)

parathion (ISO)

pentachlorophenol (ISO)

perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (ISO)

perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid (ISO)

perfluorooctanoic acid (EXP,ISO)

permethrin (ISO)

phenanthrene (ISO)

phenethyl isothiocyanate (ISO)

phenobarbital (EXP,ISO)

phenytoin (EXP,ISO)

PhIP (ISO)

phlorizin (ISO)

piperonyl butoxide (EXP)

pirinixic acid (ISO)

potassium dichromate (EXP)

prednisone (ISO)

pregnenolone 16alpha-carbonitrile (EXP,ISO)

PRIM-O-GLUCOSYLCIMIFUGIN (ISO)

propiconazole (EXP,ISO)

prostaglandin A2 (ISO)

prostaglandin J2 (ISO)

purine-6-thiol (ISO)

pyrazinecarboxamide (EXP)

pyrazines (ISO)

pyrene (ISO)

quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucofuranoside (EXP)

quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (EXP)

quinidine (ISO)

quinine (ISO)

rac-1,2-dichloropropane (ISO)

radon atom (ISO)

radon(0) (ISO)

resveratrol (EXP)

riddelliine (EXP)

rifampicin (ISO)

rifamycins (ISO)

rotenone (ISO)

S-butyl-DL-homocysteine (S,R)-sulfoximine (ISO)

silicon dioxide (ISO)

silver atom (ISO)

silver(0) (ISO)

sodium arsenite (EXP,ISO)

sodium fluoride (EXP)

Soman (EXP)

spermidine (ISO)

spironolactone (ISO)

styrene (ISO)

styrene oxide (EXP,ISO)

sulfasalazine (EXP)

sulfinpyrazone (ISO)

sulforaphane (EXP,ISO)

Sunset Yellow FCF (EXP)

tamibarotene (ISO)

tamoxifen (ISO)

tartrazine (EXP)

tebufenpyrad (ISO)

temozolomide (ISO)

testosterone (ISO)

testosterone enanthate (ISO)

tetrachloromethane (EXP,ISO)

thiazoles (EXP)

thimerosal (ISO)

thioacetamide (EXP)

titanium dioxide (ISO)

toluene (ISO)

toluene 2,4-diisocyanate (ISO)

trans-caffeic acid (EXP)

triadimefon (EXP)

triazoles (EXP)

trichloroethene (EXP)

trimellitic anhydride (ISO)

trimethylarsine oxide (EXP)

troglitazone (ISO)

valproic acid (EXP,ISO)

vinclozolin (EXP)

vincristine (ISO)

Gene Ontology Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

Biological Process

cellular detoxification of nitrogen compound (ISO)

cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus (ISO)

glutathione derivative biosynthetic process (ISO,ISS)

glutathione metabolic process (IBA,IDA,IMP,ISO)

hepoxilin biosynthetic process (ISO,ISS)

lipid metabolic process (IEA)

nitrobenzene metabolic process (ISO)

prostaglandin metabolic process (ISO,ISS)

response to amino acid (IEP)

response to axon injury (IEP)

response to ethanol (IEP)

response to lead ion (IEP)

response to metal ion (IEP)

sensory perception of smell (IEA)

xenobiotic catabolic process (IDA,IEA,ISO)

Cellular Component

cytoplasm (IEA,ISO)

cytosol (IDA,IEA,ISO)

extracellular region (IDA)

mitochondrion (IEA,ISO)

protein-containing complex (IDA)

Molecular Function

enzyme binding (ISO)

glutathione binding (IDA,IEA,ISO)

glutathione transferase activity (IBA,IDA,IEA,ISO)

identical protein binding (IEA,IPI,ISO)

nickel cation binding (IDA)

protein binding (ISO)

protein homodimerization activity (ISO)

protein kinase binding (IPI)

steroid binding (IPI)

transferase activity (IEA)

Molecular Pathway Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

cyclophosphamide pharmacodynamics pathway (ISO)

cyclophosphamide pharmacokinetics pathway (ISO)

glutathione conjugation pathway (ISS)

glutathione metabolic pathway (IEA)

phase I biotransformation pathway via cytochrome P450 (IEA)

References

References - curated

#	Reference Title	Reference Citation
1.	Selection of effective antisense oligodeoxynucleotides with a green fluorescent protein-based assay. Discovery of selective and potent inhibitors of glutathione S-transferase Mu expression.	't Hoen PA, etal., Eur J Biochem. 2002 May;269(10):2574-83.
2.	Oxidative stress in the denervated muscle.	Abruzzo PM, etal., Free Radic Res. 2010 May;44(5):563-76. doi: 10.3109/10715761003692487.
3.	T null and M null genotypes of the glutathione S-transferase gene are risk factor for CAD independent of smoking.	Abu-Amero KK, etal., BMC Med Genet. 2006 Apr 19;7:38.
4.	GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion genotypes in various spontaneous optic neuropathies in Arabs.	Abu-Amero KK, etal., Br J Ophthalmol. 2009 Aug;93(8):1101-4. Epub 2009 Mar 13.
5.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 polymorphisms in Arab glaucoma patients.	Abu-Amero KK, etal., Mol Vis. 2008 Mar 4;14:425-30.
6.	Positive correlation between single or combined genotypes of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 in relation to prostate cancer in Chilean people.	Acevedo C, etal., Prostate. 2003 Oct 1;57(2):111-7. doi: 10.1002/pros.10274.
7.	GSTM1 and mEPHX polymorphisms in Parkinson's disease and age of onset.	Ahmadi A, etal., Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Mar 24;269(3):676-80.
8.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 genotype and age-related cataracts. Lack of association in an Italian population.	Alberti G, etal., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1996 May;37(6):1167-73.
9.	Genetic polymorphisms in folate pathway enzymes, DRD4 and GSTM1 are related to temporomandibular disorder.	Aneiros-Guerrero A, etal., BMC Med Genet. 2011 May 26;12:75.
10.	Influence of glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms on busulfan pharmacokinetics and outcome of hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in thalassemia pediatric patients.	Ansari M, etal., Bone Marrow Transplant. 2016 Mar;51(3):377-83. doi: 10.1038/bmt.2015.321. Epub 2015 Dec 21.
11.	Methemoglobinemia induced by 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene in mice with a disrupted glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 gene.	Arakawa S, etal., Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Sep;38(9):1545-52. doi: 10.1124/dmd.110.033597. Epub 2010 Jun 18.
12.	Lack of association between the glutathione-s-transferase genes (GSTT1 and GSTM1) and nasal polyposis.	Arbag H, etal., Rhinology. 2006 Mar;44(1):14-8.
13.	A proteomic analysis of liver after ethanol binge in chronically ethanol treated rats.	Aroor AR, etal., Proteome Sci. 2012 Apr 30;10(1):29. doi: 10.1186/1477-5956-10-29.
14.	Increased risk for acute myeloid leukaemia in individuals with glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) and theta 1 (GSTT1) gene defects.	Arruda VR, etal., Eur J Haematol. 2001 Jun;66(6):383-8.
15.	Genetic polymorphism of glutathione S transferases M1 and T1 in Indian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.	Asim M, etal., Dis Markers. 2010;28(6):369-76. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2010-0717.
16.	Glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms in presbycusis.	Ates NA, etal., Otol Neurotol. 2005 May;26(3):392-7.
17.	Effect of glutathione S-transferases on the survival of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia.	Autrup JL, etal., Eur J Pharmacol. 2002 Mar 1;438(1-2):15-8.
18.	Characterization of MTHFR, GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, and CYP1A1 genotypes in childhood acute leukemia.	Balta G, etal., Am J Hematol. 2003 Jul;73(3):154-60.
19.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 polymorphisms may predict adverse effects after therapy in children with medulloblastoma.	Barahmani N, etal., Neuro Oncol. 2009 Jun;11(3):292-300. Epub 2008 Oct 24.
20.	Peculiarities of the GSTM1 0/0 genotype in French heavy smokers with various types of chronic bronchitis.	Baranova H, etal., Hum Genet. 1997 Jun;99(6):822-6.
21.	The genetic association database.	Becker KG, etal., Nat Genet. 2004 May;36(5):431-2.
22.	Glutathione-s-transferase M1 and T1 polymorphisms and associations with type 1 diabetes age-at-onset.	Bekris LM, etal., Autoimmunity. 2005 Dec;38(8):567-75.
23.	Glutathione S-transferase activity and subunit composition in transitional cell cancer and mucosa of the human bladder.	Berendsen CL, etal., Urology. 1997 Apr;49(4):644-51.
24.	Association of glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1, T1 and P1) gene polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus in north Indian population.	Bid HK, etal., J Postgrad Med. 2010 Jul-Sep;56(3):176-81.
25.	Analysis of case-parent trios at a locus with a deletion allele: association of GSTM1 with autism.	Buyske S, etal., BMC Genet. 2006 Feb 10;7:8.
26.	Glutathione S-transferases M1-1 and T1-1 as risk modifiers for renal cell cancer associated with occupational exposure to chemicals.	Buzio L, etal., Occup Environ Med. 2003 Oct;60(10):789-93.
27.	The GSTM1 null genotype confers an increased risk for solar keratosis development in an Australian Caucasian population.	Carless MA, etal., J Invest Dermatol. 2002 Dec;119(6):1373-8.
28.	Genetic polymorphisms of microsomal epoxide hydroxylase and glutathione S-transferases M1, T1 and P1, interactions with smoking, and risk for esophageal (Barrett) adenocarcinoma.	Casson AG, etal., Cancer Detect Prev. 2006;30(5):423-31. Epub 2006 Oct 24.
29.	Polymorphisms of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 genes and susceptibility to oral cancer.	Cha IH, etal., Yonsei Med J. 2007 Apr 30;48(2):233-9. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2007.48.2.233.
30.	Engineering of a metal coordinating site into human glutathione transferase M1-1 based on immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography of homologous rat enzymes.	Chaga G, etal., Protein Eng. 1994 Sep;7(9):1115-9.
31.	Oral administration of oleanolic acid, isolated from Swertia mussotii Franch, attenuates liver injury, inflammation, and cholestasis in bile duct-ligated rats.	Chai J, etal., Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015 Feb 15;8(2):1691-702. eCollection 2015.
32.	Identification of glutathione S-transferase Yb1 mRNA as the androgen-repressed mRNA by cDNA cloning and sequence analysis.	Chang CS, etal., J Biol Chem 1987 Sep 5;262(25):11901-3.
33.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 polymorphisms and the risk of mild hepatotoxicity induced by carbamazepine in a tunisian population study.	Chbili C, etal., BMC Neurol. 2018 Mar 9;18(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s12883-018-1013-8.
34.	Glutathione-S-transferase genotypes influence the risk of chemotherapy-related toxicities and prognosis in Korean patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.	Cho HJ, etal., Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2010 Apr 1;198(1):40-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2009.12.004.
35.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) polymorphism is associated with atopic dermatitis susceptibility in a Korean population.	Cho HR, etal., Int J Immunogenet. 2011 Apr;38(2):145-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-313X.2010.00987.x. Epub 2010 Dec 22.
36.	The effect of cysteine on the altered expression of class alpha and mu glutathione S-transferase genes in the rat liver during protein-calorie malnutrition.	Cho MK, etal., Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Oct 18;1502(2):235-46.
37.	Impact of glutathione transferases genes polymorphisms in nevirapine adverse reactions: a possible role for GSTM1 in SJS/TEN susceptibility.	Ciccacci C, etal., Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Oct;73(10):1253-1259. doi: 10.1007/s00228-017-2295-2. Epub 2017 Jul 8.
38.	Local protein dynamics and catalysis: detection of segmental motion associated with rate-limiting product release by a glutathione transferase.	Codreanu SG, etal., Biochemistry 2002 Dec 24;41(51):15161-72.
39.	GSTT1, GSTM1 and CYP2E1 genetic polymorphisms in gastric cancer and chronic gastritis in a Brazilian population.	Colombo J, etal., World J Gastroenterol. 2004 May 1;10(9):1240-5. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i9.1240.
40.	Association of periodontitis with GSTM1/GSTT1-null variants--a pilot study.	Concolino P, etal., Clin Biochem. 2007 Sep;40(13-14):939-45. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.04.012. Epub 2007 Apr 27.
41.	Maternal and paternal environmental risk factors, metabolizing GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms, and congenital heart disease.	Cresci M, etal., Am J Cardiol. 2011 Dec 1;108(11):1625-31. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.07.022. Epub 2011 Sep 3.
42.	Smoking interacts with genetic risk factors in the development of rheumatoid arthritis among older Caucasian women.	Criswell LA, etal., Ann Rheum Dis. 2006 Sep;65(9):1163-7. Epub 2006 Aug 3.
43.	GSTM1 copy number and lung cancer risk.	Crosbie PA, etal., Mutat Res. 2009 May 12;664(1-2):1-5. Epub 2009 Feb 4.
44.	An association between resistant hypertension and the null GSTM1 genotype.	Cruz-Gonzalez I, etal., J Hum Hypertens. 2009 Aug;23(8):556-8. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2009.19. Epub 2009 Mar 12.
45.	Effects of lead on rat kidney and liver: GST expression and oxidative stress.	Daggett DA, etal., Toxicology. 1998 Jul 17;128(3):191-206.
46.	GST genotype may modify clinical phenotype in patients with Fanconi anaemia.	Davies SM, etal., Br J Haematol. 2005 Oct;131(1):118-22.
47.	Polymorphic variations in GSTM1, GSTT1, PgP, CYP2D6, CYP3A5, and dopamine D2 and D3 receptors and their association with tardive dyskinesia in severe mental illness.	de Leon J, etal., J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2005 Oct;25(5):448-56.
48.	Genetic interaction of GSH metabolic pathway genes in cystic fibrosis.	de Lima Marson FA, etal., BMC Med Genet. 2013 Jun 10;14:60. doi: 10.1186/1471-2350-14-60.
49.	Association between the genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1 and GSTT1) and the clinical manifestations in sickle cell anemia.	de Oliveira Filho RA, etal., Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2013 Aug;51(2):76-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2013.03.003. Epub 2013 Apr 13.
50.	A case-control study of CYP1A1, GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms, pregnancy smoking and fetal growth restriction.	Delpisheh A, etal., Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2009 Mar;143(1):38-42. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2008.11.006. Epub 2009 Jan 14.
51.	[Glutathione-S-transferase M1 genotype in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma].	Deng Z, etal., Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2001 Nov;23(6):477-9.
52.	Involvement of oxidative stress in hepatocellular tumor-promoting activity of oxfendazole in rats.	Dewa Y, etal., Arch Toxicol. 2008 Aug 27.
53.	Rat liver glutathione S-transferases. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a Yb1 cDNA clone and prediction of the complete amino acid sequence of the Yb1 subunit.	Ding GJ, etal., J Biol Chem 1985 Oct 25;260(24):13268-71.
54.	GSTM1 polymorphism and oral squamous cell carcinoma.	Drummond SN, etal., Oral Oncol. 2004 Jan;40(1):52-5.
55.	Genetic polymorphisms of carcinogen metabolizing enzymes are associated with oral leukoplakia development and p53 overexpression.	Duarte EC, etal., Anticancer Res. 2008 Mar-Apr;28(2A):1101-6.
56.	Genetic polymorphisms of CYP3A4, GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1 and NQO1 and the risk of acquired idiopathic aplastic anemia in Caucasian patients.	Dufour C, etal., Haematologica. 2005 Aug;90(8):1027-31.
57.	Influence of glutathione S-transferase A1, P1, M1, T1 polymorphisms on oral busulfan pharmacokinetics in children with congenital hemoglobinopathies undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.	Elhasid R, etal., Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010 Dec 1;55(6):1172-9. doi: 10.1002/pbc.22739.
58.	Identification of glutathione S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms in brain tumors and association with susceptibility to pediatric astrocytomas.	Ezer R, etal., J Neurooncol. 2002 Sep;59(2):123-34.
59.	Genetic polymorphism of GSTT1 and GSTM1 and susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).	Faramawy MM, etal., J Crit Care. 2009 Sep;24(3):e7-10.
60.	Genetic polymorphisms in metabolic enzymes and susceptibility to anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatic injury.	Feng FM, etal., Genet Mol Res. 2014 Nov 11;13(4):9463-71. doi: 10.4238/2014.November.11.11.
61.	Evidence that polymorphic deletion of the glutathione S-transferase gene, GSTM1, is associated with esophageal atresia.	Filonzi L, etal., Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2010 Sep;88(9):743-7. doi: 10.1002/bdra.20715.
62.	Glutathione-S-transferases M1 (GSTM1) and GSTT1 genotype, smoking, consumption of alcohol and tea and risk of esophageal and stomach cancers: a case-control study of a high-incidence area in Jiangsu Province, China.	Gao CM, etal., Cancer Lett. 2002 Dec 15;188(1-2):95-102. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3835(02)00115-5.
63.	Correlating of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genetic polymorphisms with the risk and expressions in children with isolated Hirschsprung disease.	Gao H, etal., Int J Colorectal Dis. 2011 Jan;26(1):117-25. doi: 10.1007/s00384-010-1013-7. Epub 2010 Jul 27.
64.	Combined effect of prenatal solvent exposure and GSTT1 or GSTM1 polymorphisms in the risk of birth defects.	Garlantézec R, etal., Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2012 Jun;94(6):481-5. doi: 10.1002/bdra.23018. Epub 2012 May 8.
65.	Genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 associated with head and neck cancer.	Gattás GJ, etal., Head Neck. 2006 Sep;28(9):819-26. doi: 10.1002/hed.20410.
66.	Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium.	Gaudet P, etal., Brief Bioinform. 2011 Sep;12(5):449-62. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbr042. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
67.	Polymorphism of GSTM1 gene in patients with colorectal cancer and colonic polyps.	Gawrońska-Szklarz B, etal., Exp Toxicol Pathol. 1999 Jul;51(4-5):321-5. doi: 10.1016/S0940-2993(99)80014-1.
68.	Dysfunction of mitochondria due to environmental carcinogens in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the ethnic group of Northeast Indian population.	Ghosh SK, etal., Tumour Biol. 2014 Jul;35(7):6715-24. doi: 10.1007/s13277-014-1897-x. Epub 2014 Apr 9.
69.	Association of CYP1A1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 gene polymorphism with risk of oral submucous fibrosis in a section of North Indian population.	Ghosh T, etal., Mol Biol Rep. 2012 Oct;39(10):9383-9. doi: 10.1007/s11033-012-1802-x. Epub 2012 Jul 1.
70.	Evaluating glutathione S-transferase (GST) null genotypes (GSTT1 and GSTM1) as a potential biomarker of predisposition for developing leukopenia.	Goncalves MS, etal., Int J Lab Hematol. 2010 Feb;32(1 Pt 1):e49-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-553X.2009.01169.x. Epub 2009 Jun 23.
71.	The role of genetic determinant in the development of severe perinatal asphyxia.	Gorovenko NG, etal., Tsitol Genet. 2010 Sep-Oct;44(5):41-6.
72.	[Analysis of genetic predisposition to pulmonary tuberculosis in native Russians].	Gra OA, etal., Genetika. 2010 Feb;46(2):262-71.
73.	Contribution of GSTM1, GSTT1, and MTHFR polymorphisms to end-stage renal disease of unknown etiology in Mexicans.	Gutiérrez-Amavizca BE, etal., Indian J Nephrol. 2013 Nov;23(6):438-43. doi: 10.4103/0971-4065.120342.
74.	Glutathione S-transferase M1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 genetic polymorphisms and the risk of age-related macular degeneration.	Guven M, etal., Ophthalmic Res. 2011;46(1):31-7. doi: 10.1159/000321940. Epub 2011 Jan 5.
75.	Increased risk for therapy-associated hematologic malignancies in patients with carcinoma of the breast and combined homozygous gene deletions of glutathione transferases M1 and T1.	Haase D, etal., Leuk Res. 2002 Mar;26(3):249-54.
76.	Is there any association of glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) and glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) gene polymorphism with gastric cancers?	Haholu A, etal., Pol J Pathol. 2013 Dec;64(4):247-52.
77.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 gene deletion may be associated with susceptibility to certain forms of schizophrenia.	Harada S, etal., Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001 Feb 23;281(2):267-71.
78.	Detection of GST1 gene deletion by the polymerase chain reaction and its possible correlation with stomach cancer in Japanese.	Harada S, etal., Hum Genet. 1992 Sep-Oct;90(1-2):62-4.
79.	Analysis of the EPHX1 113 polymorphism and GSTM1 homozygous null polymorphism and oral clefting associated with maternal smoking.	Hartsfield JK, etal., Am J Med Genet. 2001 Jul 22;102(1):21-4.
80.	Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms and oral cancer: a case-control study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.	Hatagima A, etal., Oral Oncol. 2008 Feb;44(2):200-7. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2007.02.001. Epub 2007 Apr 5.
81.	Correlation of polymorphism of the coding region of glutathione S- transferase M1 to susceptibility of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in South China population.	He Y, etal., Ai Zheng. 2009 Jan;28(1):5-7. Epub 2009 Jan 30.
82.	Inherited GSTM1 and NAT2 defects as concurrent risk modifiers in asbestos-related human malignant mesothelioma.	Hirvonen A, etal., Cancer Res. 1995 Jul 15;55(14):2981-3.
83.	Combined glutathione S-transferase T1 and M1 positive genotypes afford protection against type 2 diabetes in Japanese.	Hori M, etal., Pharmacogenomics. 2007 Oct;8(10):1307-14.
84.	Equilibrium folding of dimeric class mu glutathione transferases involves a stable monomeric intermediate.	Hornby JA, etal., Biochemistry. 2000 Oct 10;39(40):12336-44.
85.	Genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding antioxidant enzymes are associated with diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetes.	Hovnik T, etal., Diabetes Care. 2009 Dec;32(12):2258-62. doi: 10.2337/dc09-0852. Epub 2009 Sep 14.
86.	[Genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in mothers of children with isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate].	Hozyasz KK, etal., Przegl Lek. 2005;62(10):1019-22.
87.	SNPs of GSTM1, T1, P1, epoxide hydrolase and DNA repair enzyme XRCC1 and risk of urinary transitional cell carcinoma in southwestern Taiwan.	Hsu LI, etal., Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Apr 15;228(2):144-55. Epub 2007 Dec 14.
88.	Contribution of genetic factors other than CFTR to disease severity in cystic fibrosis.	Hull J and Thomson AH, Thorax. 1998 Dec;53(12):1018-21.
89.	DNA methylation is associated with altered gene expression in AMD.	Hunter A, etal., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Apr 24;53(4):2089-105. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-8449.
90.	Glutathione S-Transferase M1 and T1 Gene Polymorphisms and the Outcome of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Egyptian Patients.	Ibrahim AM, etal., Ann Hum Genet. 2016 Jan;80(1):32-7. doi: 10.1111/ahg.12138. Epub 2015 Nov 9.
91.	Effect of the GSTM1 gene deletion on glycemic variability, sympatho-vagal balance and arterial stiffness in patients with metabolic syndrome, but without diabetes.	Iorio A, etal., Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018 Apr;138:158-168. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.006. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
92.	Analysis of the Glutathione S-transferase M1 gene using pyrosequencing and multiplex PCR--no evidence of association to glaucoma.	Jansson M, etal., Exp Eye Res. 2003 Aug;77(2):239-43.
93.	Germline genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes in Indian cervical cancer: associations with tumor progression, age and human papillomavirus infection.	Joseph T, etal., Gynecol Oncol. 2006 Jun;101(3):411-7. Epub 2005 Dec 19.
94.	Polymorphic glutathione S-transferase M1 is a risk factor of primary open-angle glaucoma among Estonians.	Juronen E, etal., Exp Eye Res. 2000 Nov;71(5):447-52.
95.	Interaction of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 genotypes and malignant melanoma.	Kanetsky PA, etal., Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001 May;10(5):509-13.
96.	Influence of glutathione-S-transferase theta (GSTT1) and micro (GSTM1) gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility of hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan.	Kao CC, etal., J Surg Oncol. 2010 Sep 15;102(4):301-7. doi: 10.1002/jso.21643.
97.	An investigation of cytochrome p450 (CYP) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoenzyme protein expression and related interactions with phototherapy in patients with psoriasis vulgaris.	Karadag AS, etal., Int J Dermatol. 2017 Feb;56(2):225-231. doi: 10.1111/ijd.13343. Epub 2016 Sep 9.
98.	Non-Jewish Israeli IBD patients have significantly higher glutathione S-transferase GSTT1-null frequency.	Karban A, etal., Dig Dis Sci. 2011 Jul;56(7):2081-7. Epub 2011 Jan 18.
99.	Association of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms and in-vitro fertilisation outcome in a population in northern Iran.	Karimlo FK, etal., J Obstet Gynaecol. 2015 Jan;35(1):46-8. doi: 10.3109/01443615.2014.930109. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
100.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) genetic polymorphism and susceptibility to gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma.	Katoh T, etal., Carcinogenesis. 1996 Sep;17(9):1855-9.
101.	The glutathione S-transferase theta and mu deletion polymorphisms in asbestosis.	Kelsey KT, etal., Am J Ind Med. 1997 Mar;31(3):274-9.
102.	GSTM1 gene polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer in a Saudi Arabian population.	Khabaz MN, etal., Genet Mol Res. 2016 Jan 29;15(1). doi: 10.4238/gmr.15017551.
103.	Genetic polymorphisms and the efficacy and toxicity of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients.	Khrunin AV, etal., Pharmacogenomics J. 2010 Feb;10(1):54-61. Epub 2009 Sep 29.
104.	Polymorphisms in genes coding for enzymes metabolizing smoking-derived substances and the risk of periodontitis.	Kim JS, etal., J Clin Periodontol. 2004 Nov;31(11):959-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2004.00587.x.
105.	Combined analysis of germline polymorphisms of p53, GSTM1, GSTT1, CYP1A1, and CYP2E1: relation to the incidence rate of cervical carcinoma.	Kim JW, etal., Cancer. 2000 May 1;88(9):2082-91.
106.	Glutathione S-transferases interact with AMP-activated protein kinase: evidence for S-glutathionylation and activation in vitro.	Klaus A, etal., PLoS One. 2013 May 31;8(5):e62497. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062497. Print 2013.
107.	Mapping of glutathione transferase (GST) genes in the rat.	Klinga-Levan K, etal., Hereditas 1993;119(3):285-96.
108.	Site-specific arylation of rat glutathione s-transferase A1 and A2 by bromobenzene metabolites in vivo.	Koen YM, etal., Chem Res Toxicol. 2006 Nov;19(11):1426-34.
109.	L-MYC and GSTM1 polymorphisms are associated with unfavourable clinical parameters of gliomas.	Kondratieva TV, etal., J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2000 Jun;19(2):197-200.
110.	[Polymorphism of glutathione-S-transferase M1 and P1 genes in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic respiratory tract diseases].	Korytina GF, etal., Genetika. 2004 Mar;40(3):401-8.
111.	Genetic polymorphisms in the cytochromes P-450 (1A1, 2E1), microsomal epoxide hydrolase and glutathione S-transferase M1, T1, and P1 genes, and their relationship with chronic bronchitis and relapsing pneumonia in children.	Korytina GF, etal., J Mol Med. 2005 Sep;83(9):700-10. Epub 2005 Jun 1.
112.	Polymorphisms of the glutathione S-transferases mu-1 (GSTM1) and theta-1 (GSTT1) and the risk of advanced alcoholic liver disease.	Ladero JM, etal., Scand J Gastroenterol. 2005 Mar;40(3):348-53. doi: 10.1080/00365520510012109.
113.	Association of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a Tunisian population.	Lakhdar R, etal., Biochem Genet. 2010 Aug;48(7-8):647-57. Epub 2010 May 21.
114.	Increased frequencies of glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1 and GSTT1) gene deletions in Korean patients with acquired aplastic anemia.	Lee KA, etal., Blood. 2001 Dec 1;98(12):3483-5.
115.	Genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6, GSTM1 and NAT2 and susceptibility to haematological neoplasias.	Lemos MC, etal., Carcinogenesis. 1999 Jul;20(7):1225-9.
116.	Polymorphism of CYPIA1 and GSTM1 genes associated with susceptibility of gastric cancer in Shandong Province of China.	Li H, etal., World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Oct 7;11(37):5757-62. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i37.5757.
117.	[Genetic polymorphism of GST gene in children with infectious mononucleosis and acute lymphocytic leukemia].	Li YH, etal., Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2012 Apr;14(4):260-3.
118.	Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations and glutathione S-transferase null genotypes in cystic fibrosis patients in Brazil.	Lima CS, etal., J Bras Pneumol. 2012 Jan-Feb;38(1):50-6. doi: 10.1590/s1806-37132012000100008.
119.	Glutathione S-transferase M1, T1, and P1 polymorphisms as susceptibility factors for noise-induced temporary threshold shift.	Lin CY, etal., Hear Res. 2009 Nov;257(1-2):8-15. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2009.07.008. Epub 2009 Jul 28.
120.	Xenobiotic gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to multiple myeloma.	Lincz LF, etal., Haematologica. 2004 May;89(5):628-9.
121.	Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase mu1 (GSTM1) and theta 1 (GSTT1) genes in chronic myeloid leukaemia.	Lourenco GJ, etal., Eur J Haematol. 2005 Dec;75(6):530-1.
122.	Impact of domain interchange on conformational stability and equilibrium folding of chimeric class micro glutathione transferases.	Luo JK, etal., Protein Sci 2002 Sep;11(9):2208-17.
123.	Genetic variants associated with colorectal cancer risk: comprehensive research synopsis, meta-analysis, and epidemiological evidence.	Ma X, etal., Gut. 2014 Feb;63(2):326-36. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2012-304121. Epub 2013 Aug 14.
124.	Polymorphisms in GSTM1 and XPD genes predict clinical outcome in advanced oral cancer patients treated with postoperative radiotherapy.	Mahimkar MB, etal., Mol Carcinog. 2012 Oct;51 Suppl 1:E94-103. doi: 10.1002/mc.21868. Epub 2011 Dec 28.
125.	Relationship between glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms and enzyme activity in Hong Kong Chinese asthmatics.	Mak JC, etal., Clin Exp Allergy. 2007 Aug;37(8):1150-7.
126.	Association between GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: results from a case-control study in Kashmir, India.	Makhdoomi MA, etal., Tumour Biol. 2015 Apr;36(4):2613-9. doi: 10.1007/s13277-014-2882-0. Epub 2014 Nov 29.
127.	Glutathione S-transferase T1- and M1-null genotypes and coronary artery disease risk in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.	Manfredi S, etal., Pharmacogenomics. 2009 Jan;10(1):29-34.
128.	Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms in MS: their relationship to disability.	Mann CL, etal., Neurology. 2000 Feb 8;54(3):552-7.
129.	Polymorphisms in the glutathione pathway modulate cystic fibrosis severity: a cross-sectional study.	Marson FA, etal., BMC Med Genet. 2014 Mar 4;15:27. doi: 10.1186/1471-2350-15-27.
130.	GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes may facilitate hepatitis C virus infection becoming chronic.	Martínez C, etal., J Infect Dis. 2007 May 1;195(9):1320-3. doi: 10.1086/513569. Epub 2007 Mar 15.
131.	Glutathione S-transferases mu 1, theta 1, pi 1, alpha 1 and mu 3 genetic polymorphisms and the risk of colorectal and gastric cancers in humans.	Martínez C, etal., Pharmacogenomics. 2006 Jul;7(5):711-8. doi: 10.2217/14622416.7.5.711.
132.	Epidemiological factors related to GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes deletion in colon and rectum cancers: A case-control study.	Masood N, etal., Cancer Biomark. 2015;15(5):583-9. doi: 10.3233/CBM-150498.
133.	Familial aggregation of aspirin-induced urticaria and leukotriene C synthase allelic variant.	Mastalerz L, etal., Br J Dermatol. 2006 Feb;154(2):256-60.
134.	Reduction of Gstm1 expression in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertension rat contributes to increased oxidative stress.	McBride MW, etal., Hypertension. 2005 Apr;45(4):786-92. Epub 2005 Feb 7.
135.	Glutathione S-transferase genotype GSTM1 as a predictor of elevated angiogenic phenotype in patients with early onset breast cancer.	Medeiros R, etal., Angiogenesis. 2004;7(1):53-8. doi: 10.1023/B:AGEN.0000037330.20121.d8.
136.	Analysis of polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and polymorphic xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in inflammatory bowel disease: study from northern India.	Mittal RD, etal., J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Jun;22(6):920-4.
137.	Association Study of Glutathione S-transferases Gene Polymorphisms (GSTM1 and GSTT1) with Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease in the South of Iran.	Moini M, etal., Adv Biomed Res. 2017 Jun 6;6:67. doi: 10.4103/2277-9175.190981. eCollection 2017.
138.	Genetic polymorphisms in carcinogen metabolism and their association to hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer.	Moisio AL, etal., Gastroenterology. 1998 Dec;115(6):1387-94.
139.	Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms, cruciferous vegetable intake and cancer risk in the Central and Eastern European Kidney Cancer Study.	Moore LE, etal., Carcinogenesis. 2007 Sep;28(9):1960-4. Epub 2007 Jul 7.
140.	Role of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms in patients with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma: results from the HD2000 GISL trial.	Morabito F, etal., Leuk Lymphoma. 2012 Mar;53(3):406-10. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2011.623254.
141.	Association of the glutathione S-transferase M1 homozygous null genotype with susceptibility to Sjogren's syndrome in Japanese individuals.	Morinobu A, etal., Arthritis Rheum. 1999 Dec;42(12):2612-5.
142.	Glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis.	Morinobu S, etal., Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2006 May-Jun;24(3):268-73.
143.	Impact of cephaloridine on glutathione and related enzymes: comparison of in vivo and in vitro rat models.	Moritz F, etal., Arch Toxicol. 1995;70(2):104-11.
144.	Secretion of glutathione S-transferase isoforms in the seminiferous tubular fluid, tissue distribution and sex steroid binding by rat GSTM1.	Mukherjee SB, etal., Biochem J 1999 May 15;340 ( Pt 1):309-20.
145.	Gene-environment interaction in preterm delivery with special reference to organochlorine pesticides.	Mustafa MD, etal., Mol Hum Reprod. 2013 Jan;19(1):35-42. doi: 10.1093/molehr/gas039. Epub 2012 Sep 3.
146.	CYP1AI, glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms and risk of Polycythemia vera.	Naffa RG, etal., Cancer Epidemiol. 2012 Feb;36(1):68-72. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2011.05.001. Epub 2011 Oct 21.
147.	The role of glutathione-S-transferase polymorphisms in ovarian cancer survival.	Nagle CM, etal., Eur J Cancer. 2007 Jan;43(2):283-90. Epub 2006 Nov 3.
148.	The Interaction between GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1 Ile105Val Gene Polymorphisms and Environmental Risk Factors in Premalignant Gastric Lesions Risk.	Negovan A, etal., Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:7365080. doi: 10.1155/2017/7365080. Epub 2017 Jan 15.
149.	A study of five candidate genes in Parkinson's disease and related neurodegenerative disorders. European Study Group on Atypical Parkinsonism.	Nicholl DJ, etal., Neurology. 1999 Oct 22;53(7):1415-21.
150.	Polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and diet influence colorectal adenoma risk.	Northwood EL, etal., Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2010 May;20(5):315-26. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e3283395c6a.
151.	Association of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene deletions with risk of head and neck cancer in Pakistan: a case control study.	Nosheen M, etal., Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2010;11(4):881-5.
152.	Glutathione S-transferase genotype and p53 mutations in adenocarcinoma of the small intestine.	Nørum Pedersen L, etal., Scand J Gastroenterol. 2003 Aug;38(8):845-9. doi: 10.1080/00365520310003976.
153.	Genotypes of glutathione S-transferase M1 and N-acetyltransferase 2 in Japanese patients with gastric cancer.	Oda Y, etal., Gastric Cancer. 1999 Nov;2(3):158-164. doi: 10.1007/s101209900012.
154.	Transcriptome analysis of rat kidney cells continuously exposed to cadmium using DNA microarray.	Ohba K, etal., J Toxicol Sci. 2007 Feb;32(1):103-5.
155.	DNA methylation analysis of ALOX12 and GSTM1 in acute myeloid leukaemia identifies prognostically significant groups.	Ohgami RS, etal., Br J Haematol. 2012 Oct;159(2):182-90. doi: 10.1111/bjh.12029. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
156.	Association between long-term neuro-toxicities in testicular cancer survivors and polymorphisms in glutathione-s-transferase-P1 and -M1, a retrospective cross sectional study.	Oldenburg J, etal., J Transl Med. 2007 Dec 27;5:70.
157.	GSTM1 and codon 72 P53 polymorphism in multiple myeloma.	Ortega MM, etal., Ann Hematol. 2007 Nov;86(11):815-9. Epub 2007 Jul 25.
158.	Glutathione s-transferase m1, t1, and p1 gene polymorphism in exudative age-related macular degeneration: a preliminary report.	Oz O, etal., Eur J Ophthalmol. 2006 Jan - Feb;16(1):105-110. doi: 10.5301/EJO.2008.3524.
159.	Glutathione S-transferase M1, T1, and P1 gene polymorphism in exudative age-related macular degeneration: a preliminary report.	Oz O, etal., Eur J Ophthalmol. 2006 Jan-Feb;16(1):105-10.
160.	The impact of smoking on clinical features of Behcet's disease patients with glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms.	Ozer HT, etal., Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2012 May-Jun;30(3 Suppl 72):S14-7. Epub 2012 Oct 8.
161.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphism may contribute to schizophrenia in the Korean population.	Pae CU, etal., Psychiatr Genet. 2004 Sep;14(3):147-50.
162.	Association of GST M1 null polymorphism with Parkinson's disease in a Chilean population with a strong Amerindian genetic component.	Perez-Pastene C, etal., Neurosci Lett. 2007 May 17;418(2):181-5. Epub 2007 Mar 14.
163.	KEGG Annotation Import Pipeline	Pipeline to import KEGG annotations from KEGG into RGD
164.	SMPDB Annotation Import Pipeline	Pipeline to import SMPDB annotations from SMPDB into RGD
165.	Role of GSTM1 Copy Number Variant in the Prognosis of Thai Colorectal Cancer Patients Treated with 5-FU-based Chemotherapy	Pongtheerat T and Saelee P, Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016 Oct 1;17(10):4719-4722. doi: 10.22034/apjcp.2016.17.10.4719.
166.	GOA pipeline	RGD automated data pipeline
167.	Data Import for Chemical-Gene Interactions	RGD automated import pipeline for gene-chemical interactions
168.	Polymorphisms of GSTP1 and GSTT1, but not of CYP2A6, CYP2E1 or GSTM1, modify the risk for esophageal cancer in a western population.	Rossini A, etal., Carcinogenesis. 2007 Dec;28(12):2537-42. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgm222. Epub 2007 Oct 4.
169.	Genetic Association and Gene-Gene Interaction Reveal Genetic Variations in ADH1B, GSTM1 and MnSOD Independently Confer Risk to Alcoholic Liver Diseases in India.	Roy N, etal., PLoS One. 2016 Mar 3;11(3):e0149843. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149843. eCollection 2016.
170.	Copy number variations of GSTT1 and GSTM1, colorectal cancer risk and possible effect modification of cigarette smoking and menopausal hormone therapy.	Rudolph A, etal., Int J Cancer. 2012 Sep 1;131(5):E841-8. doi: 10.1002/ijc.27428. Epub 2012 May 29.
171.	CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and TP53 Polymorphisms and Risk of Gallbladder Cancer in Bolivians.	Sakai K, etal., Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(2):781-4. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.2.781.
172.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 and P1 polymorphisms and risk of breast cancer and fibrocystic breast conditions in Chinese women.	Sakoda LC, etal., Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2008 May;109(1):143-55. Epub 2007 Jul 12.
173.	Frequency of glutathione-S-transferase 1 gene deletion and its possible correlation with cataract formation.	Sekine Y, etal., Exp Eye Res. 1995 Feb;60(2):159-63.
174.	Genetic Polymorphisms of Multidrug Resistance Gene-1 (MDR1/ABCB1) and Glutathione S-Transferase Gene and the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease among Moroccan Patients.	Senhaji N, etal., Mediators Inflamm. 2015;2015:248060. doi: 10.1155/2015/248060. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
175.	Prenatal and infant acetaminophen exposure, antioxidant gene polymorphisms, and childhood asthma.	Shaheen SO, etal., J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Dec;126(6):1141-8.e7. Epub 2010 Nov 4.
176.	[Relationship between CYP1A1, GSTM1 genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma].	Shao G, etal., Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2000 Dec;21(6):420-3.
177.	The effect of mood stabilizer lithium on expression and activity of glutathione s-transferase isoenzymes.	Shao L, etal., Neuroscience. 2008 Jan 24;151(2):518-24. Epub 2007 Nov 13.
178.	GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphism and susceptibility to esophageal cancer in high- and low-risk regions of India.	Sharma A, etal., Tumour Biol. 2013 Oct;34(5):3249-57. doi: 10.1007/s13277-013-0897-6. Epub 2013 Jun 8.
179.	A case control study of gene environmental interaction in fetal growth restriction with special reference to organochlorine pesticides.	Sharma E, etal., Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2012 Apr;161(2):163-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.01.008. Epub 2012 Feb 4.
180.	Hypermethylation of carcinogen metabolism genes, CYP1A1, CYP2A13 and GSTM1 genes in head and neck cancer.	Sharma R, etal., Oral Dis. 2010 Oct;16(7):668-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01676.x.
181.	Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1 and GSTM1 loci and susceptibility to anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity.	Sharma SK, etal., Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2014 May;18(5):588-93. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0344.
182.	Glutathione S-transferase gene deletions and their effect on iron status in HbE/beta thalassemia patients.	Sharma V, etal., Ann Hematol. 2010 Apr;89(4):411-4. doi: 10.1007/s00277-009-0847-y. Epub 2009 Oct 17.
183.	Polymorphism in CYP1A1, GSTMI, GSTT1 genes and organochlorine pesticides in the etiology of hypospadias.	Shekharyadav C, etal., Hum Exp Toxicol. 2011 Oct;30(10):1464-74. doi: 10.1177/0960327110392402. Epub 2011 Feb 7.
184.	[Effects of Yiguanjian Decoction on liver cirrhosis formation:a differential proteomics study in rats].	Shen DZ, etal., Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao. 2010 Feb;8(2):158-67.
185.	Interaction models of CYP1A1, GSTM1 polymorphisms and tobacco smoking in intestinal gastric cancer.	Shen J, etal., World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Oct 14;11(38):6056-60. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i38.6056.
186.	Glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1) in Egyptian pediatric patients with sickle cell disease.	Shiba HF, etal., Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2014 Jul-Aug;17(4):265-70. doi: 10.2350/14-03-1452-OA.1. Epub 2014 May 19.
187.	Glutathione S-transferase M3 (A/A) genotype as a risk factor for oral cancer and leukoplakia among Indian tobacco smokers.	Sikdar N, etal., Int J Cancer. 2004 Mar;109(1):95-101. doi: 10.1002/ijc.11610.
188.	Association of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTM3 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to cervical cancer in a North Indian population.	Singh H, etal., Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Mar;198(3):303.e1-6. Epub 2008 Feb 21.
189.	Total activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes conferring risk for the development of age related cataracts.	Sireesha R, etal., Exp Eye Res. 2012 May;98:67-74. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.03.002. Epub 2012 Mar 16.
190.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 null genotype as a risk modifier for solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy.	Soderkvist P, etal., Scand J Work Environ Health. 1996 Oct;22(5):360-3.
191.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphism: a risk factor for hepatic venoocclusive disease in bone marrow transplantation.	Srivastava A, etal., Blood. 2004 Sep 1;104(5):1574-7. Epub 2004 May 13.
192.	Postnatal exposure to chromium through mother's milk accelerates follicular atresia in F1 offspring through increased oxidative stress and depletion of antioxidant enzymes.	Stanley JA, etal., Free Radic Biol Med. 2013 Mar 5;61C:179-196. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.02.006.
193.	Polymorphisms within glutathione S-transferase genes (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) and risk of relapse in childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case-control study.	Stanulla M, etal., Blood. 2000 Feb 15;95(4):1222-8.
194.	Glutathione-S-transferase T1 and M1 gene polymorphisms in Greek patients with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study.	Stavropoulou C, etal., Eur J Neurol. 2007 May;14(5):572-4.
195.	DNA damage and related modifier genes in Italian cystic fibrosis patients.	Sterpone S, etal., Biol Res. 2009;42(4):477-86. doi: /S0716-97602009000400009. Epub 2010 Jan 29.
196.	The human glutathione S-transferases: a case-control study of the incidence of the GST1 0 phenotype in patients with adenocarcinoma.	Strange RC, etal., Carcinogenesis. 1991 Jan;12(1):25-8.
197.	Glutathione S-transferase: genetics and role in toxicology.	Strange RC, etal., Toxicol Lett 2000 Mar 15;112-113:357-63.
198.	Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.	Strausberg RL, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16899-903. Epub 2002 Dec 11.
199.	Influence of germline polymorphisms of GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1 in familial versus sporadic breast cancer susceptibility and survival.	Syamala VS, etal., Fam Cancer. 2007 Dec 14;.
200.	Impact of glutathione S-transferase gene deletion on early relapse in childhood B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	Takanashi M, etal., Haematologica. 2003 Nov;88(11):1238-44.
201.	Oxygen free radical scavenger enzyme polymorphisms in systemic sclerosis.	Tikly M, etal., Free Radic Biol Med. 2004 Jun 1;36(11):1403-7.
202.	Glutathione S-transferase M1 gene polymorphism is related to COPD in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.	Tkacova R, etal., Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2004 Feb 28;116(4):131-4.
203.	Decreased expression of antioxidant enzymes and increased expression of chemokines in COPD lung.	Tomaki M, etal., Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2007;20(5):596-605. Epub 2006 Jul 11.
204.	Treatment of MDS patients with recombinant human erythropoietin and the role of GSTs.	Tsabouri SE, etal., J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Sep;23(3):417-24.
205.	Genetic polymorphisms in CYP1A1 and GSTM1 predispose humans to PCBs/PCDFs-induced skin lesions.	Tsai PC, etal., Chemosphere. 2006 May;63(8):1410-8. Epub 2006 Apr 3.
206.	Null type of glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphism is associated with early onset pterygium.	Tsai YY, etal., Mol Vis. 2004 Jul 15;10:458-61.
207.	Pharmacogenetic influence of GST polymorphisms on anthracycline-based chemotherapy responses and toxicity in breast cancer patients: a multi-analytical approach.	Tulsyan S, etal., Mol Diagn Ther. 2013 Dec;17(6):371-9. doi: 10.1007/s40291-013-0045-4.
208.	Contribution of the N-acetyltransferase 2 polymorphism NAT2*6A to age-related hearing impairment.	Van Eyken E, etal., J Med Genet. 2007 Sep;44(9):570-8. Epub 2007 May 18.
209.	[Genetic polymorphism in glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 in children with bronchial asthma]	Vavilin VA, etal., Vopr Med Khim. 2000 Jul-Aug;46(4):388-97.
210.	Relationship of tobacco smoking CYP1A1 GSTM1 gene polymorphism and esophageal cancer in Xi'an.	Wang AH, etal., World J Gastroenterol. 2002 Feb;8(1):49-53. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v8.i1.49.
211.	Genetic polymorphisms of GSTT1, GSTM1, and NQO1 genes and diabetes mellitus risk in Chinese population.	Wang G, etal., Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Mar 10;341(2):310-3. Epub 2006 Jan 10.
212.	[The role of smoking and metabolic enzyme polymorphisms in the organic solvent induced chronic encephalopathy].	Wang HY, etal., Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2016 Mar 20;34(3):199-202. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2016.03.009.
213.	GSTM1, GSTP1, prenatal smoke exposure, and atopic dermatitis.	Wang IJ, etal., Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2010 Aug;105(2):124-9. Epub 2010 Jun 11.
214.	GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms as major risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in a Chinese Han population.	Wang X, etal., Gene. 2014 Jan 1;533(1):48-51. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.10.004. Epub 2013 Oct 10.
215.	A physiogenomic approach to study the regulation of blood pressure.	Westhoff TH, etal., Physiol Genomics. 2005 Sep 21;23(1):46-53. Epub 2005 Jun 7.
216.	Homozygous gene deletions of the glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 are associated with thimerosal sensitization.	Westphal GA, etal., Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2000 Aug;73(6):384-8.
217.	CYP1A2*1F and GSTM1 alleles are associated with susceptibility to porphyria cutanea tarda.	Wickliffe JK, etal., Mol Med. 2011 Mar-Apr;17(3-4):241-7. doi: 10.2119/molmed.2010.00130. Epub 2010 Oct 15.
218.	Identification of liver proteins and their roles associated with carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity.	Wong LL, etal., Hum Exp Toxicol. 2011 Sep;30(9):1369-81. doi: 10.1177/0960327110391388. Epub 2010 Dec 7.
219.	Metabolic gene polymorphisms and risk of dysmenorrhea.	Wu D, etal., Epidemiology. 2000 Nov;11(6):648-53. doi: 10.1097/00001648-200011000-00006.
220.	The incidence of liver injury in Uyghur patients treated for TB in Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region, China, and its association with hepatic enzyme polymorphisms nat2, cyp2e1, gstm1 and gstt1.	Xiang Y, etal., PLoS One. 2014 Jan 23;9(1):e85905. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085905. eCollection 2014.
221.	Glutathione S-transferases (GSTT1 and GSTM1) genes polymorphisms and the treatment response and prognosis in Chinese patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia.	Xiao Z, etal., Leuk Res. 2008 Aug;32(8):1288-91. Epub 2007 Nov 26.
222.	Age-associated changes in GSH S-transferase gene/proteins in livers of rats.	Xu S, etal., Redox Rep. 2018 Dec;23(1):213-218. doi: 10.1080/13510002.2018.1546985.
223.	Glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms in Turkish patients with diabetes mellitus.	Yalin S, etal., Cell Biochem Funct. 2007 Sep-Oct;25(5):509-13.
224.	[Investigation of GSTT1, GSTM1 and NQO1 genes polymorphisms in myelodysplastic syndromes].	Yang L, etal., Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2005 Nov;26(11):674-7.
225.	[Relationship between GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms and noise induced hearing loss in Chinese workers].	Yang M, etal., Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2005 Nov;34(6):647-9.
226.	Is GST gene polymorphism a risk factor in developing exfoliation syndrome?	Yilmaz A, etal., Curr Eye Res. 2005 Jul;30(7):575-81.
227.	Animal model of autism using GSTM1 knockout mice and early post-natal sodium valproate treatment.	Yochum CL, etal., Behav Brain Res. 2010 Jul 11;210(2):202-10. Epub 2010 Feb 21.
228.	Genetic determinants in the metabolism of bladder carcinogens in relation to risk of bladder cancer.	Yuan JM, etal., Carcinogenesis. 2008 Jul;29(7):1386-93. Epub 2008 Jun 9.
229.	MicroRNA-423-5p facilitates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells by targeting GSTM1 via endoplasmic reticulum stress.	Yuan XP, etal., Oncotarget. 2017 May 30;8(47):82064-82077. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.18289. eCollection 2017 Oct 10.
230.	Glutathione S-transferase M1, T1, and P1 genotypes and rheumatoid arthritis.	Yun BR, etal., J Rheumatol. 2005 Jun;32(6):992-7.
231.	Combined effects of polymorphisms of DNA-repair protein genes and metabolic enzyme genes on the risk of cholangiocarcinoma.	Zeng L, etal., Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2013 Dec;43(12):1190-4. doi: 10.1093/jjco/hyt138. Epub 2013 Sep 18.
232.	Correlation of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms and environmental factors to familial aggregation of esophageal cancer among the Kazakh ethnic group in Xinjiang.	Zeng M, etal., Genet Mol Res. 2015 Dec 29;14(4):19102-9. doi: 10.4238/2015.December.29.19.
233.	[Correlation of the polymorphism of EC-SOD and GSTM1 and smoking with oral cancer risk].	Zhang C, etal., Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2012 Jul;41(4):555-61.
234.	Association of GSTT1, GSTM1 and CYP1A1 polymorphisms with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in the Chinese population.	Zhang J, etal., Clin Chim Acta. 2010 Jun 3;411(11-12):878-81. Epub 2010 Mar 11.
235.	Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery]	Zhao D and Yang BX, Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2009 Mar 1;47(5):373-6.
236.	[The relationship between GSTM1, GSTT1 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to sporadic colorectal adenocarcinoma].	Zhu Y, etal., Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2002 Aug;41(8):538-40.
237.	Polymorphisms of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 and laryngeal cancer risk: evidence-based meta-analyses.	Zhuo WL, etal., J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2009 Aug;135(8):1081-90. Epub 2009 Feb 28.
238.	[Increased frequency of A-G transition at exon 5 of GSTP1 as a genetic risk factor for acute childhood leukaemia].	Zubowska M, etal., Med Wieku Rozwoj. 2004 Apr-Jun;8(2 Pt 1):245-57.
239.	The glutathione S-transferase T1 deletion is associated with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis.	Živkovic M, etal., J Neurol Sci. 2013 Nov 15;334(1-2):6-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.001. Epub 2013 Aug 9.

Additional References at PubMed

PMID:1416995	PMID:1420139	PMID:1883338	PMID:2226415	PMID:2669745	PMID:2689439	PMID:2875437	PMID:3011803	PMID:3864155	PMID:8110735	PMID:8373352	PMID:8503873
PMID:8512323	PMID:9084911	PMID:12826697	PMID:15009649	PMID:15299462	PMID:15489334	PMID:16475815	PMID:16672236	PMID:16800819	PMID:17634366	PMID:20387083	PMID:20517701
PMID:21046276	PMID:25931508	PMID:30053369	PMID:30308595

Genomics

Comparative Map Data

Gstm1
(Rattus norvegicus - Norway rat)

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
GRCr8	2	198,338,005 - 198,346,007 (-)	NCBI	GRCr8	GRCr8		GRCr8
GRCr8 Ensembl	2	198,338,008 - 198,343,569 (-)	Ensembl				GRCr8
mRatBN7.2	2	195,649,845 - 195,655,402 (-)	NCBI	mRatBN7.2	mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl	2	195,649,845 - 195,655,411 (-)	Ensembl				mRatBN7.2
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx	2	203,292,372 - 203,297,745 (-)	NCBI	UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx	UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0	2	201,174,485 - 201,179,858 (-)	NCBI	UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0	UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0	2	195,991,446 - 195,996,819 (-)	NCBI	UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0	UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.0	2	210,803,869 - 210,809,461 (-)	NCBI	Rnor_6.0	Rnor_6.0	rn6	Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl	2	210,803,869 - 210,809,306 (-)	Ensembl			rn6	Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0	2	230,272,740 - 230,278,278 (-)	NCBI	Rnor_5.0	Rnor_5.0	rn5
RGSC_v3.4	2	203,575,444 - 203,580,821 (-)	NCBI	RGSC_v3.4	RGSC_v3.4	rn4
Celera	2	188,295,244 - 188,300,621 (-)	NCBI		Celera
RGSC_v3.1	2	203,538,197 - 203,543,575 (-)	NCBI
Cytogenetic Map	2	q34	NCBI

GSTM1
(Homo sapiens - human)

Human Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Human Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
GRCh38	1	109,687,817 - 109,693,745 (+)	NCBI	GRCh38	GRCh38	hg38	GRCh38
GRCh38.p14 Ensembl	1	109,687,340 - 109,709,039 (+)	Ensembl			hg38	GRCh38
GRCh37	1	110,230,439 - 110,236,367 (+)	NCBI	GRCh37	GRCh37	hg19	GRCh37
Build 36	1	110,031,965 - 110,037,890 (+)	NCBI	Build 36	Build 36	hg18	NCBI36
Build 34	1	109,942,483 - 109,948,409	NCBI
Cytogenetic Map	1	p13.3	NCBI

Gstm1
(Mus musculus - house mouse)

Mouse Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Mouse Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
GRCm39	3	107,919,566 - 107,925,289 (-)	NCBI	GRCm39	GRCm39	mm39
GRCm39 Ensembl	3	107,919,571 - 107,925,289 (-)	Ensembl		GRCm39 Ensembl		GRCm39
GRCm38	3	108,012,250 - 108,017,973 (-)	NCBI	GRCm38	GRCm38	mm10	GRCm38
GRCm38.p6 Ensembl	3	108,012,255 - 108,017,973 (-)	Ensembl			mm10	GRCm38
MGSCv37	3	107,815,168 - 107,820,891 (-)	NCBI	MGSCv37	MGSCv37	mm9	NCBIm37
MGSCv36	3	108,140,314 - 108,146,029 (-)	NCBI		MGSCv36	mm8
Celera	3	110,345,820 - 110,351,544 (-)	NCBI		Celera
Cytogenetic Map	3	F2.3	NCBI
cM Map	3	46.83	NCBI

GSTM1
(Pan paniscus - bonobo/pygmy chimpanzee)

Bonobo Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Bonobo Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
NHGRI_mPanPan1-v2	1	117,352,220 - 117,358,253 (-)	NCBI		NHGRI_mPanPan1-v2
NHGRI_mPanPan1	1	116,495,332 - 116,506,288 (-)	NCBI		NHGRI_mPanPan1
PanPan1.1	1	128,003,736 - 128,009,696 (-)	NCBI	PanPan1.1	PanPan1.1	panPan2
PanPan1.1 Ensembl	1	127,979,238 - 128,010,411 (-)	Ensembl			panPan2	panpan1.1

GSTM1
(Chlorocebus sabaeus - green monkey)

Green Monkey Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Green Monkey Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
ChlSab1.1	20	23,854,969 - 23,861,634 (-)	NCBI	ChlSab1.1	ChlSab1.1	chlSab2
Vero_WHO_p1.0	NW_023670255	134 - 1,611 (+)	NCBI	Vero_WHO_p1.0	Vero_WHO_p1.0

Variants

Variants in Gstm1
97 total Variants

miRNA Target Status (No longer updated)

Predicted Target Of

	Summary Value
Count of predictions:	265
Count of miRNA genes:	163
Interacting mature miRNAs:	177
Transcripts:	ENSRNOT00000047139
Prediction methods:	Microtar, Miranda, Rnahybrid, Targetscan
Result types:	miRGate_prediction

The detailed report is available here: Full Report CSV TAB Printer

miRNA Target Status data imported from miRGate (http://mirgate.bioinfo.cnio.es/).
For more information about miRGate, see PMID:25858286 or access the full paper here.

QTLs in Region (GRCr8)

The following QTLs overlap with this region.

RGD ID	Symbol	Name	LOD	P Value	Trait	Sub Trait	Chr	Start	Stop	Species
1358356	Srcrt1	Stress Responsive Cort QTL1	3.66		blood corticosterone amount (VT:0005345)	plasma corticosterone level (CMO:0001173)	2	163997722	225110681	Rat
1578648	Bss11	Bone structure and strength QTL 11	4.7		femur morphology trait (VT:0000559)	femoral neck cortical cross-sectional area (CMO:0001702)	2	169358774	214358774	Rat
1331734	Bp204	Blood pressure QTL 204	3.61192		arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)	2	170656145	239614549	Rat
631566	Bp90	Blood pressure QTL 90		0.0001	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	149957381	221199885	Rat
1298074	Bp164	Blood pressure QTL 164		0.003	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	44537979	205135428	Rat
1354648	Bp239	Blood pressure QTL 239		0.001	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	67845370	229470703	Rat
1354649	Kidm17	Kidney mass QTL 17	2.9		kidney mass (VT:0002707)	calculated kidney weight (CMO:0000160)	2	83465462	229820014	Rat
10755499	Bp389	Blood pressure QTL 389	2.61		arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	diastolic blood pressure (CMO:0000005)	2	20695736	231474293	Rat
1298076	Bp166	Blood pressure QTL 166		0.0009	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	138595962	205135428	Rat
1581576	Pur7	Proteinuria QTL 7		0.0001	urine total protein amount (VT:0000032)	urine total protein excretion rate (CMO:0000756)	2	80396178	220931218	Rat
152025245	Scl81	Serum cholesterol level QTL 81	3.49		blood cholesterol amount (VT:0000180)		2	124537199	209621565	Rat
1581578	Cm49	Cardiac mass QTL 49	4.9	0.01	heart left ventricle mass (VT:0007031)	heart left ventricle weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000530)	2	145807215	220931416	Rat
61458	Bp10	Blood pressure QTL 10	3.42		arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	191709311	217961898	Rat
631198	Cm22	Cardiac mass QTL 22	4.3	0.0008	heart left ventricle mass (VT:0007031)	heart left ventricle weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000530)	2	78269809	208420281	Rat
1554319	Bmd2	Bone mineral density QTL 2	13.4	0.0001	lumbar vertebra area (VT:0010570)	lumbar vertebra cross-sectional area (CMO:0001689)	2	122597372	215234002	Rat
12879836	Kidm61	Kidney mass QTL 61		0.001	kidney mass (VT:0002707)	both kidneys wet weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000340)	2	154723085	199723085	Rat
1581569	Uae32	Urinary albumin excretion QTL 32		0.0001	urine protein amount (VT:0005160)	urine albumin excretion rate (CMO:0000757)	2	80396178	220931218	Rat
12879837	Am2	Aortic mass QTL 2		0.001	aorta mass (VT:0002845)	aorta weight to aorta length to body weight ratio (CMO:0002722)	2	154723085	199723085	Rat
12879838	Cm86	Cardiac mass QTL 86		0.002	heart left ventricle mass (VT:0007031)	heart left ventricle weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000530)	2	154723085	199723085	Rat
1302793	Bw16	Body weight QTL 16	5	0.0001	body mass (VT:0001259)	body weight (CMO:0000012)	2	159440891	205135267	Rat
12879839	Cm85	Cardiac mass QTL 85		0.001	heart mass (VT:0007028)	heart wet weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0002408)	2	154723085	199723085	Rat
2317752	Glom23	Glomerulus QTL 23	3.6		urine protein amount (VT:0005160)	urine protein level (CMO:0000591)	2	196140964	251540988	Rat
1549833	Bp257	Blood pressure QTL 257		0.003	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)	2	170652929	215652929	Rat
1358900	Bw48	Body weight QTL 48	4.88		body mass (VT:0001259)	body weight (CMO:0000012)	2	159440891	220931218	Rat
4889834	Pur24	Proteinuria QTL 24	5.8	0.014	urine total protein amount (VT:0000032)	urine total protein excretion rate (CMO:0000756)	2	171994826	205135428	Rat
1359031	Bp275	Blood pressure QTL 275			arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	diastolic blood pressure (CMO:0000005)	2	188565047	233565047	Rat
1581499	Esta2	Estrogen-induced thymic atrophy QTL 2			thymus mass (VT:0004954)	thymus wet weight (CMO:0000855)	2	192287802	229609668	Rat
1331760	Bp206	Blood pressure QTL 206	3.62454		arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)	2	4265106	205135428	Rat
12879840	Bw179	Body weight QTL 179		0.005	body mass (VT:0001259)	body weight (CMO:0000012)	2	154723085	199723085	Rat
9589044	Scfw1	Subcutaneous fat weight QTL 1	5.8	0.001	subcutaneous adipose mass (VT:1000472)	abdominal subcutaneous fat pad weight (CMO:0002069)	2	184856304	229856304	Rat
8694435	Bw166	Body weight QTL 166	14.08	0.001	retroperitoneal fat pad mass (VT:0010430)	retroperitoneal fat pad weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000635)	2	184856304	229856304	Rat
2301966	Bp322	Blood pressure QTL 322	3.58		arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	144882354	205135428	Rat
1298083	Bp158	Blood pressure QTL 158	2.62		arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	191709311	217961898	Rat
1298080	Bp163	Blood pressure QTL 163		0.02	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	67845182	205135428	Rat
1357991	Ael2	Aortic elastin QTL 2	4.2	0.000071	aorta elastin amount (VT:0003905)	aortic elastin	2	169227906	214227906	Rat
8662832	Vetf7	Vascular elastic tissue fragility QTL 7	3.5		aorta elastin amount (VT:0003905)	aorta wall extracellular elastin dry weight to aorta wall dry weight ratio (CMO:0002002)	2	83400752	223709938	Rat
1331745	Bp203	Blood pressure QTL 203	4.377		arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)	2	192287802	221089121	Rat
1298085	Bp165	Blood pressure QTL 165		0.0006	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	44537979	205135428	Rat
8694194	Abfw1	Abdominal fat weight QTL 1	11.7	0.001	visceral adipose mass (VT:0010063)	abdominal fat pad weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000095)	2	184856304	229856304	Rat
61366	Iddm3	Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 3	4.7		blood glucose amount (VT:0000188)	blood glucose level (CMO:0000046)	2	192287802	237287802	Rat
1578671	Bmd10	Bone mineral density QTL 10	5.4		femur mineral mass (VT:0010011)	compact volumetric bone mineral density (CMO:0001730)	2	175931416	220931416	Rat
1641891	Alcrsp17	Alcohol response QTL 17			response to alcohol trait (VT:0010489)	duration of loss of righting reflex (CMO:0002289)	2	151869660	251712708	Rat
724534	Uae6	Urinary albumin excretion QTL 6	10		urine albumin amount (VT:0002871)	urine albumin level (CMO:0000130)	2	80396034	220931416	Rat
61374	Edpm2	Estrogen-dependent pituitary mass QTL 2	4.42	0.86	pituitary gland mass (VT:0010496)	pituitary gland wet weight (CMO:0000853)	2	78269809	205135428	Rat
2300189	Bmd48	Bone mineral density QTL 48	5.8	0.0001	femur mineral mass (VT:0010011)	volumetric bone mineral density (CMO:0001553)	2	182024327	227024327	Rat
8662843	Vetf9	Vascular elastic tissue fragility QTL 9	2.05		thoracic aorta molecular composition trait (VT:0010568)	aorta wall extracellular elastin dry weight to aorta wall extracellular collagen weight ratio (CMO:0002003)	2	159440760	228950743	Rat
2301408	Kidm36	Kidney mass QTL 36		0.002	kidney mass (VT:0002707)	both kidneys wet weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000340)	2	184482291	229482291	Rat
1331794	Bp202	Blood pressure QTL 202	3.66819		arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	143344967	251712708	Rat
71113	Cari2	Carrageenan-induced inflammation QTL 2	2.7	0.009	hypodermis integrity trait (VT:0010550)	inflammatory exudate volume (CMO:0001429)	2	143746578	205135428	Rat
1331805	Cm29	Cardiac mass QTL 29	3.50746		heart mass (VT:0007028)	heart wet weight (CMO:0000069)	2	143344967	251712708	Rat
634308	Sach6	Saccharin preference QTL 6	4.9		taste sensitivity trait (VT:0001986)	saccharin intake volume to total fluid intake volume ratio (CMO:0001601)	2	114384617	215381366	Rat
1358917	Cm42	Cardiac mass QTL 42	2.82		heart mass (VT:0007028)	heart weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000074)	2	27148328	206613235	Rat
724568	Uae13	Urinary albumin excretion QTL 13	4.4		urine albumin amount (VT:0002871)	urine albumin excretion rate (CMO:0000757)	2	145306936	212705578	Rat
1358913	Cm41	Cardiac mass QTL 41	2.73		heart mass (VT:0007028)	heart weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000074)	2	27148328	206613235	Rat
1300165	Rf9	Renal function QTL 9	3.28		kidney glomerulus integrity trait (VT:0010546)	index of glomerular damage (CMO:0001135)	2	113746222	205135428	Rat
738013	Alc15	Alcohol consumption QTL 15	4.1	0.00022	consumption behavior trait (VT:0002069)	ethanol drink intake rate to body weight ratio (CMO:0001616)	2	186850607	231850607	Rat
61398	Bp50	Blood pressure QTL 50	4.4		arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	192287802	237287802	Rat
631507	Bp105	Blood pressure QTL 105		0.001	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)	2	114384617	215381366	Rat
1641925	Alcrsp2	Alcohol response QTL 2			response to alcohol trait (VT:0010489)	duration of loss of righting reflex (CMO:0002289)	2	151869660	223841096	Rat
1354609	Niddm62	Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 62	4.72	0.000006	insulin secretion trait (VT:0003564)	plasma insulin level (CMO:0000342)	2	117415288	205135428	Rat
61417	Cia10	Collagen induced arthritis QTL 10	3.4		joint integrity trait (VT:0010548)	experimental arthritis severity measurement (CMO:0001459)	2	182635347	227635347	Rat
1354622	Kidm16	Kidney mass QTL 16	3		kidney mass (VT:0002707)	left kidney wet weight (CMO:0000083)	2	83465462	225110681	Rat
631266	Bp132	Blood pressure QTL 132		0.0005	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	47856345	205135428	Rat
631522	Bp74	Blood pressure QTL 74		0.05	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	175008837	220008837	Rat
8694383	Bw158	Body weight QTL 158	7.69	0.001	body lean mass (VT:0010483)	lean tissue morphological measurement (CMO:0002184)	2	184856304	229856304	Rat
7488927	Bp365	Blood pressure QTL 365		0.008	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)	2	165453811	210453811	Rat
7488925	Bp364	Blood pressure QTL 364		0.001	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)	2	163253030	208253030	Rat
2306901	Bp337	Blood pressure QTL 337		0.01	arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	2	166372086	229820014	Rat
1354605	Rf48	Renal function QTL 48	2.9		blood creatinine amount (VT:0005328)	plasma creatinine level (CMO:0000537)	2	76328396	209350714	Rat

Markers in Region

D2Got198

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse
mRatBN7.2	2	195,650,753 - 195,650,901 (+)	MAPPER	mRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.0	2	210,804,777 - 210,804,922	NCBI	Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0	2	230,273,648 - 230,273,793	UniSTS	Rnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4	2	203,576,351 - 203,576,496	RGD	RGSC3.4
RGSC_v3.4	2	203,576,352 - 203,576,497	UniSTS	RGSC3.4
Celera	2	188,296,152 - 188,296,297	UniSTS
RGSC_v3.1	2	203,539,105 - 203,539,250	RGD
RH 3.4 Map	2	1377.1	RGD
RH 3.4 Map	2	1377.1	UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map	2	q34	UniSTS

BI281611

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse
mRatBN7.2	2	195,650,110 - 195,650,263 (+)	MAPPER	mRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.0	2	210,804,134 - 210,804,286	NCBI	Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0	2	230,273,005 - 230,273,157	UniSTS	Rnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4	2	203,575,709 - 203,575,861	UniSTS	RGSC3.4
Celera	2	188,295,509 - 188,295,661	UniSTS
RH 3.4 Map	2	1390.1	UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map	2	q34	UniSTS

Gstm1

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse
mRatBN7.2	2	195,652,603 - 195,653,848 (+)	MAPPER	mRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.0	2	210,806,625 - 210,807,869	NCBI	Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0	2	230,275,496 - 230,276,740	UniSTS	Rnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4	2	203,578,200 - 203,579,444	UniSTS	RGSC3.4
Celera	2	188,298,000 - 188,299,244	UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map	2	q34	UniSTS

Related Rat Strains

The following Strains have been annotated to Gstm1

SHRSP.WKY-(D2Mit21-D2Rat157)/Gcrc SHRSP.WKY-(D2Rat13-D2Rat157)/Gcrc SHRSP.WKY-(D2Wox9-D2Mgh12)/Gcrc

Expression

RNA-SEQ Expression

Click on a value in the shaded box below the category label to view a detailed expression data table for that system.

Download All Expressed Objects for this Gene

alimentary part of gastrointestinal system	appendage	circulatory system	ectoderm	endocrine system	endoderm	exocrine system	hemolymphoid system	hepatobiliary system	integumental system	mesenchyme	mesoderm	musculoskeletal system	nervous system	renal system	reproductive system	respiratory system	sensory system	visual system
16	12	67	165	91	90	59	92	59	6	356	192	11	144	81	92	31	17	17

Sequence

Nucleotide Sequences


RefSeq Transcripts	NM_017014	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	XM_017590626	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	XM_039101714	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	XM_063281290	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
GenBank Nucleotide	AC097845	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	BC063172	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FJ179401	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ210611	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ211067	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ212742	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ212747	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ213204	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ213562	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ213696	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ214055	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ217092	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ218381	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ218789	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ218795	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ229836	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	FQ229941	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	J02810	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	JAXUCZ010000002	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	M11719	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	M28241	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	X04229	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles

Ensembl Acc Id:

ENSRNOT00000047139 ⟹ ENSRNOP00000039050

Type:

CODING

Position:

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source
GRCr8 Ensembl	2	198,338,008 - 198,343,569 (-)	Ensembl
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl	2	195,649,848 - 195,655,411 (-)	Ensembl
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl	2	210,803,869 - 210,809,306 (-)	Ensembl

Ensembl Acc Id:

ENSRNOT00000104497 ⟹ ENSRNOP00000083172

Type:

CODING

Position:

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source
GRCr8 Ensembl	2	198,339,461 - 198,343,569 (-)	Ensembl
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl	2	195,649,845 - 195,655,411 (-)	Ensembl

Ensembl Acc Id:

ENSRNOT00000109885 ⟹ ENSRNOP00000092984

Type:

CODING

Position:

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl	2	195,649,845 - 195,655,411 (-)	Ensembl

RefSeq Acc Id:

NM_017014 ⟹ NP_058710

RefSeq Status:

PROVISIONAL

Type:

CODING

Position:

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source
GRCr8	2	198,338,006 - 198,343,383 (-)	NCBI
mRatBN7.2	2	195,649,846 - 195,655,225 (-)	NCBI
Rnor_6.0	2	210,803,869 - 210,809,246 (-)	NCBI
Rnor_5.0	2	230,272,740 - 230,278,278 (-)	NCBI
RGSC_v3.4	2	203,575,444 - 203,580,821 (-)	RGD
Celera	2	188,295,244 - 188,300,621 (-)	RGD

Sequence:

show sequence

GCTGAAGCAAATTGAGAAGACCACAGCGCCAGAACCATGCCTATGATACTGGGATACTGGAACG
TCCGCGGGCTGACACACCCGATCCGCCTGCTCCTGGAATACACAGACTCAAGCTATGAGGAGAA
GAGATACGCCATGGGCGACGCTCCCGACTATGACAGAAGCCAGTGGCTGAATGAGAAGTTCAAA
CTGGGCCTGGACTTCCCCAATCTGCCCTACTTAATTGATGGATCGCGCAAGATTACCCAGAGCA
ATGCCATAATGCGCTACCTTGCCCGCAAGCACCACCTGTGTGGAGAGACAGAGGAGGAGCGGAT
TCGTGCAGACATTGTGGAGAACCAGGTCATGGACAACCGCATGCAGCTCATCATGCTTTGTTAC
AACCCCGACTTTGAGAAGCAGAAGCCAGAGTTCTTGAAGACCATCCCTGAGAAGATGAAGCTCT
ACTCTGAGTTCCTGGGCAAGCGACCATGGTTTGCAGGGGACAAGGTCACCTATGTGGATTTCCT
TGCTTATGACATTCTTGACCAGTACCACATTTTTGAGCCCAAGTGCCTGGACGCCTTCCCAAAC
CTGAAGGACTTCCTGGCCCGCTTTGAGGGCCTGAAGAAGATCTCTGCCTACATGAAGAGCAGCC
GCTACCTCTCAACACCTATATTTTCGAAGTTGGCCCAATGGAGTAACAAGTAGGCCCTTGCTAC
ACTGGCACTCACAGGGAGGACCTGTCCACATTGGATCCTGCAGGCACCCTGGCCTTCTGCACTG
TGGTTCTCTCTCCTTCCTGCTCCCTTCTCCAGCTTTGTCAGCCCCATCTCCTCAACCTCACCCC
AGTCATGCCCACATAGTCTTCATTCTCCCCACTTTCTTTCATAGTGGTCCCCTTCTTTATTGAC
ACCTTAACACAACCTCACAGTCCTTTTCTGTGATTTGAGGTCTGCCCTGAACTCAGTCTCCCTA
GACTTACCCCAAATGTAACACTGTCTCAGTGCCAGCCTGTTCCTGGTGGGGGAGCTGCCCCAGG
CCTGTCTCATCTTTAATAAAGCCTGAAACAC

hide sequence

RefSeq Acc Id:

XM_039101714 ⟹ XP_038957642

Type:

CODING

Position:

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source
GRCr8	2	198,338,005 - 198,346,007 (-)	NCBI
mRatBN7.2	2	195,649,845 - 195,655,402 (-)	NCBI

RefSeq Acc Id:

XM_063281290 ⟹ XP_063137360

Type:

CODING

Position:

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source
GRCr8	2	198,338,005 - 198,342,992 (-)	NCBI

Protein Sequences


Protein RefSeqs	NP_058710	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
	XP_038957642	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
	XP_063137360	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
GenBank Protein	AAA41286	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
	AAA41287	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
	AAA41293	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
	AAH63172	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
	ACI32118	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
	CAA27811	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
Ensembl Protein	ENSRNOP00000039050
GenBank Protein	P04905	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer

RefSeq Acc Id:

NP_058710 ⟸ NM_017014

- UniProtKB:

P04905 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot), G3V983 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL), A6HUX0 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

- Sequence:

show sequence

MPMILGYWNVRGLTHPIRLLLEYTDSSYEEKRYAMGDAPDYDRSQWLNEKFKLGLDFPNLPYLI
DGSRKITQSNAIMRYLARKHHLCGETEEERIRADIVENQVMDNRMQLIMLCYNPDFEKQKPEFL
KTIPEKMKLYSEFLGKRPWFAGDKVTYVDFLAYDILDQYHIFEPKCLDAFPNLKDFLARFEGLK
KISAYMKSSRYLSTPIFSKLAQWSNK

hide sequence

Ensembl Acc Id:

ENSRNOP00000039050 ⟸ ENSRNOT00000047139

RefSeq Acc Id:	XP_038957642 ⟸ XM_039101714
- Peptide Label:	isoform X1

Ensembl Acc Id:

ENSRNOP00000083172 ⟸ ENSRNOT00000104497

Ensembl Acc Id:

ENSRNOP00000092984 ⟸ ENSRNOT00000109885

RefSeq Acc Id:	XP_063137360 ⟸ XM_063281290
- Peptide Label:	isoform X2

Protein Domains

GST C-terminal GST N-terminal

Protein Structures

Name	Modeler	Protein Id	AA Range	Protein Structure
AF-P04905-F1-model_v2	AlphaFold	P04905	1-218	view protein structure

Transcriptome

eQTL		View at Phenogen
WGCNA		View at Phenogen
Tissue/Strain Expression		View at Phenogen

Promoters

RGD ID:

13691669

Promoter ID:

EPDNEW_R2194

Type:

multiple initiation site

Name:

Gstm1_1

Description:

glutathione S-transferase mu 1

SO ACC ID:

SO:0000170

Source:

EPDNEW (Eukaryotic Promoter Database, http://epd.vital-it.ch/)

Experiment Methods:

Single-end sequencing.

Position:

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source
Rnor_6.0	2	210,809,281 - 210,809,341	EPDNEW

Additional Information

External Database Links

Database	Acc Id	Source(s)
AGR Gene	RGD:2755	AgrOrtholog
BioCyc Gene	G2FUF-51641	BioCyc
Ensembl Genes	ENSRNOG00000029726	Ensembl, ENTREZGENE
Ensembl Transcript	ENSRNOT00000047139	ENTREZGENE
Gene3D-CATH	1.20.1050.10	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	Glutaredoxin	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
IMAGE_CLONE	IMAGE:6920688	IMAGE-MGC_LOAD
InterPro	Glutathione-S-Trfase_C-like	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	Glutathione-S-Trfase_C_sf	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	Glutathione_S-Trfase_N	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	GST_C	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	GST_mu	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	GST_superfamily	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	Thioredoxin-like_sf	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
KEGG Report	rno:24423	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
MGC_CLONE	MGC:72887	IMAGE-MGC_LOAD
NCBI Gene	24423	ENTREZGENE
PANTHER	GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE MU 1	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Pfam	GST_C	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	GST_N	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PharmGKB	GSTM1	RGD
PhenoGen	Gstm1	PhenoGen
PRINTS	GSTRNSFRASEM	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PROSITE	GST_CTER	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	GST_NTER	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
RatGTEx	ENSRNOG00000029726	RatGTEx
Superfamily-SCOP	SSF47616	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	SSF52833	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProt	A0A8I6G8J9_RAT	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
	A6HUX0	ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
	G3V983	ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
	GSTM1_RAT	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ENTREZGENE

Nomenclature History

Date	Current Symbol	Current Name	Previous Symbol	Previous Name	Description	Reference	Status
2009-02-04	Gstm1	glutathione S-transferase mu 1	Gstm1	glutathione S-transferase M1	Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature	1299863	APPROVED
2008-11-03	Gstm1	glutathione S-transferase M1	Gstm1	glutathione S-transferase, mu 1	Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature	1299863	APPROVED
2002-11-06	Gstm1	glutathione S-transferase, mu 1			Symbol and Name status set to approved	625702	APPROVED
2002-06-10	Gstm1	glutathione S-transferase, mu 1			Name updated	70585	PROVISIONAL

RGD Curation Notes

Note Type	Note	Reference
gene_expression	expressed in liver and fibroblast cells	70479
gene_expression	secreted by sertoli cells	70307
gene_expression	mRNA expressed in prostate	728523
gene_function	binds steroids, including testosterone and estradiol	70307
gene_process	interacts with one of 13 subunits to form the active enzyme	70479
gene_process	functions in converting fat soluble chemicals to water-soluble to inhibit build-up of hydrophobic compounds in adipose tissue	70479
gene_process	essential for spermatogenesis	70307
gene_process	may be important for androgen-dependent growth of prostate	728523
gene_product	member of glutathione-S-transferase family	728523
gene_protein	protein has five distinct subunits	70479
gene_protein	isoforms share extensive N-terminal homology and molecular mass	70307
gene_regulation	mRNA downregulated by androgen in rat prostate	728523

Gene Annotator (Functional Annotation) unavailable	Gene Annotator (Annotation Distribution) unavailable	Variant Visualizer (Genomic Variants) unavailble Variant Visualizer (Genomic Variants) unavailable
Gene Annotator (Functional Annotation)	Gene Annotator (Annotation Distribution)	Variant Visualizer (Genomic Variants)

InterViewer (Protein-Protein Interactions) unavailable	Gviewer (Genome Viewer) unavailable	Variant Visualizer (Damaging Variants) unavailble Variant Visualizer (Damaging Variants) unavailable
InterViewer (Protein-Protein Interactions)	GViewer (Genome Viewer)	Variant Visualizer (Damaging Variants)

Gene Annotator (Annotation Comparison) unavailable	OLGA (Gene List Generator) unavailable
Gene Annotator (Annotation Comparison)	OLGA (Gene List Generator)	Excel (Download)

MOET (Multi-Ontology Enrichement) unavailable	GOLF (Gene-Ortholog Location Finder) unavailable
MOET (Multi-Ontology Enrichement)	GOLF (Gene-Ortholog Location Finder)

Imported Disease Annotations - CTD

Imported Disease Annotations - GAD

Imported Disease Annotations - MGI

RGD Manual Annotations

Imported Annotations - SMPDB

Imported Annotations - KEGG (archival)

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Imported Disease Annotations - CTD

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Imported Disease Annotations - MGI

RGD Manual Annotations

Imported Annotations - SMPDB

Imported Annotations - KEGG (archival)