RGD Reference Report - GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphism and susceptibility to esophageal cancer in high- and low-risk regions of India. - Rat Genome Database

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GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphism and susceptibility to esophageal cancer in high- and low-risk regions of India.

Authors: Sharma, Anita  Das, Bhudev Chander  Sehgal, Ashok  Mehrotra, Ravi  Kar, Premashish  Sardana, Sarita  Phukan, Rup  Mahanta, Jagdish  Purkayastha, Joydeep  Saxena, Sunita  Kapur, Sujala  Chatterjee, Indranil  Sharma, Joginder Kumar 
Citation: Sharma A, etal., Tumour Biol. 2013 Oct;34(5):3249-57. doi: 10.1007/s13277-013-0897-6. Epub 2013 Jun 8.
RGD ID: 14700969
Pubmed: PMID:23749488   (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI: DOI:10.1007/s13277-013-0897-6   (Journal Full-text)

Glutathione transferases, a super family of dimeric phase II metabolic enzymes play a vital role in biotransformation of many substances. This study evaluates the influence of genetic polymorphism of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene loci on esophageal cancer risk in Assam and Delhi from India. DNA from blood samples of esophageal cancer cases (203,112) and controls (286,150) from Assam and Delhi, respectively, were extracted. GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms were analyzed by multiplex PCR procedure. Differences in proportions were tested using Pearson's chi-square test with odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI). Risk of esophageal cancer was approximately twice in individuals having homozygous GSTM1 (OR-2.1, 95 % CI, 1.44-3.13) and GSTT1 null genotypes (OR-1.7,95 % CI, 0.99-2.77) in Assam, and around three times in GSTT1 null genotype (OR-2.9, 95 % CI, 1.56-5.27) in Delhi population. GSTM1 null genotype seems to play a protective role (OR-0.7, 95 % CI, 0.39-1.27) in Delhi. A significant association of GSTM1 null genotype with esophageal cancer was observed in a younger age group in Assam (OR-2.7, 95 % CI, 1.48-5.01), and in Delhi population association was observed in smokers with GSTT1 null genotype (OR-2.5, 95 % CI, 1.04-6.07), and alcoholics having GSTM1 null genotype (OR-2.6, 95 % CI, 0.99-6.77). Significant association of GSTM1 null genotype in Assam was observed between cancer cases and controls in fermented betel nut chewers only (OR-2.8, 95 % CI, 1.19-6.72), whereas, smoking and alcohol failed to show any correlation with GSTM1/GSTT1 genotypes. Cancer development is not only due to exogenous or endogenous carcinogens but depends on their interaction with genes that are involved in the detoxification of these carcinogens.

RGD Manual Disease Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
esophageal cancer  IAGP 14700969; 14700969 RGD 
esophageal cancer  ISOGSTM1 (Homo sapiens)14700969; 14700969 RGD 
esophageal cancer  ISOGSTT1 (Homo sapiens)14700969; 14700969 RGD 

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Gstm1  (glutathione S-transferase mu 1)
Gstt1  (glutathione S-transferase theta 1)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Gstm1  (glutathione S-transferase, mu 1)
Gstt1  (glutathione S-transferase, theta 1)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
GSTM1  (glutathione S-transferase mu 1)
GSTT1  (glutathione S-transferase theta 1)


Additional Information