Symbol:
Glul
Name:
glutamate-ammonia ligase
RGD ID:
2710
Description:
Enables several functions, including anion binding activity; dynein light chain binding activity; and metal ion binding activity. Involved in glutamine metabolic process; positive regulation of cell communication; and positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation. Located in axon terminus; myelin sheath; and perikaryon. Part of protein-containing complex. Used to study epilepsy; obesity; and temporal lobe epilepsy. Biomarker of diabetic retinopathy; middle cerebral artery infarction; and transient cerebral ischemia. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in congenital glutamine deficiency; epilepsy (multiple); heart disease; and neurodegenerative disease (multiple). Orthologous to human GLUL (glutamate-ammonia ligase); PARTICIPATES IN glutamic acid/glutamate metabolic pathway; 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria pathway; homocarnosinosis pathway; INTERACTS WITH (+)-pilocarpine; (+)-schisandrin B; (+)-taxifolin.
Type:
protein-coding
RefSeq Status:
VALIDATED
Previously known as:
Glns; glutamate decarboxylase; glutamate--ammonia ligase; glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthase); glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthetase); glutamine synthetase; glutamine synthetase (glutamate-ammonia ligase); glutamine synthetase 1; GS; palmitoyltransferase GLUL
RGD Orthologs
Alliance Orthologs
More Info
more info ...
More Info
Species
Gene symbol and name
Data Source
Assertion derived from
less info ...
Orthologs 1
Homo sapiens (human):
GLUL (glutamate-ammonia ligase) HGNC
EggNOG, Ensembl, HomoloGene, Inparanoid, NCBI, OMA, OrthoDB, Panther, PhylomeDB
Mus musculus (house mouse):
Glul (glutamate-ammonia ligase) Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Chinchilla lanigera (long-tailed chinchilla):
Glul (glutamate-ammonia ligase) Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Pan paniscus (bonobo/pygmy chimpanzee):
GLUL (glutamate-ammonia ligase) Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Canis lupus familiaris (dog):
GLUL (glutamate-ammonia ligase) Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Ictidomys tridecemlineatus (thirteen-lined ground squirrel):
Glul (glutamate-ammonia ligase) Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Sus scrofa (pig):
GLUL (glutamate-ammonia ligase) Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Chlorocebus sabaeus (green monkey):
GLUL (glutamate-ammonia ligase) Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Heterocephalus glaber (naked mole-rat):
Glul (glutamate-ammonia ligase) Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Transitive Ortholog Pipeline
Other homologs 2
Homo sapiens (human):
CAPN8 (calpain 8) HGNC
OMA
Alliance orthologs 3
Homo sapiens (human):
GLUL (glutamate-ammonia ligase)
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|HGNC|Hieranoid|InParanoid|OMA|OrthoFinder|OrthoInspector|PANTHER|PhylomeDB|SonicParanoid)
Mus musculus (house mouse):
Glul (glutamate-ammonia ligase)
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|Hieranoid|InParanoid|OMA|OrthoFinder|OrthoInspector|PANTHER|PhylomeDB|SonicParanoid)
Danio rerio (zebrafish):
glulb (glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthase) b)
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|Hieranoid|InParanoid|OMA|OrthoFinder|OrthoInspector|PANTHER|PhylomeDB|SonicParanoid)
Danio rerio (zebrafish):
glula (glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthase) a)
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|Hieranoid|InParanoid|OMA|OrthoFinder|OrthoInspector|PANTHER|SonicParanoid)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast):
GLN1
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|Hieranoid|InParanoid|OMA|OrthoFinder|OrthoInspector|PANTHER|PhylomeDB|SonicParanoid)
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly):
Gs1
Alliance
DIOPT (Hieranoid|OrthoFinder|PANTHER|PhylomeDB)
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly):
Gs2
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|Hieranoid|InParanoid|OMA|OrthoFinder|OrthoInspector|PANTHER|PhylomeDB|SonicParanoid)
Caenorhabditis elegans (roundworm):
gln-1
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|OrthoInspector|PANTHER|PhylomeDB)
Caenorhabditis elegans (roundworm):
gln-2
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|OrthoFinder|PANTHER)
Caenorhabditis elegans (roundworm):
gln-3
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|Hieranoid|InParanoid|OMA|OrthoFinder|OrthoInspector|PANTHER|PhylomeDB|SonicParanoid)
Caenorhabditis elegans (roundworm):
gln-5
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|OrthoFinder|PANTHER)
Caenorhabditis elegans (roundworm):
gln-6
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|OrthoFinder|PANTHER)
Xenopus tropicalis (tropical clawed frog):
glull
Alliance
DIOPT (Ensembl Compara|Hieranoid|InParanoid|OMA|OrthoFinder|OrthoInspector|PANTHER|PhylomeDB|SonicParanoid)
Latest Assembly:
GRCr8 - GRCr8 Assembly
Position:
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source Genome Browsers JBrowse NCBI UCSC Ensembl GRCr8 13 68,519,500 - 68,585,554 (+) NCBI GRCr8 mRatBN7.2 13 65,969,053 - 66,035,121 (+) NCBI mRatBN7.2 mRatBN7.2 mRatBN7.2 Ensembl 13 66,025,630 - 66,035,108 (+) Ensembl mRatBN7.2 Ensembl UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx 13 68,570,130 - 68,636,818 (+) NCBI Rnor_SHR UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0 13 69,860,229 - 69,925,952 (+) NCBI Rnor_SHRSP UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0 UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0 13 67,117,264 - 67,182,892 (+) NCBI Rnor_WKY UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0 Rnor_6.0 13 71,331,052 - 71,340,207 (+) NCBI Rnor6.0 Rnor_6.0 rn6 Rnor6.0 Rnor_6.0 Ensembl 13 71,331,052 - 71,340,229 (+) Ensembl Rnor6.0 rn6 Rnor6.0 Rnor_5.0 13 76,294,471 - 76,303,626 (+) NCBI Rnor5.0 Rnor_5.0 rn5 Rnor5.0 RGSC_v3.1 12 32,761,556 - 32,788,230 (+) NCBI Celera 13 65,922,875 - 65,932,149 (+) NCBI Celera Cytogenetic Map 13 q21 NCBI
JBrowse:
View Region in Genome Browser (JBrowse)
Model
Only show annotations with direct experimental evidence (0 objects hidden)
Glul Rat (+)-pilocarpine decreases expression EXP 6480464 Pilocarpine results in decreased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:25101675 Glul Rat (+)-schisandrin B multiple interactions EXP 6480464 schizandrin B inhibits the reaction [Carbon Tetrachloride results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA] CTD PMID:31150632 Glul Rat (+)-taxifolin multiple interactions EXP 6480464 taxifolin inhibits the reaction [Rotenone results in decreased activity of GLUL protein] CTD PMID:35187747 Glul Rat (1->4)-beta-D-glucan multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [perfluorooctane sulfonic acid co-treated with Cellulose] results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:36331819 Glul Rat 1,1-dichloroethene decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 vinylidene chloride results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:26682919 Glul Rat 1,2-dimethylhydrazine increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:22206623 Glul Rat 17alpha-ethynylestradiol multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin co-treated with Ethinyl Estradiol] results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17942748 Glul Rat 17alpha-ethynylestradiol decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Ethinyl Estradiol results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17555576|PMID:17942748 Glul Rat 17alpha-ethynylestradiol increases expression EXP 6480464 Ethinyl Estradiol results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:12655037 Glul Rat 17beta-estradiol increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Estradiol results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19167446 Glul Rat 17beta-estradiol decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Estradiol results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:39298647 Glul Rat 17beta-estradiol increases expression EXP 6480464 Estradiol results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:32145629 Glul Rat 17beta-estradiol multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [Estradiol co-treated with TGFB1 protein] results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:30165855 Glul Rat 17beta-estradiol multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [Estradiol co-treated with Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists] results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:29425760 Glul Rat 17beta-hydroxy-17-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Metribolone results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:17152098 Glul Rat 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Dihydrotestosterone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:29581250 Glul Rat 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl decreases expression EXP 6480464 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:20959002 Glul Rat 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:31675489 Glul Rat 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzodioxine decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzo-4-dioxin results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:27604104 Glul Rat 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin co-treated with Ethinyl Estradiol] results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; [Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin co-treated with more ... CTD PMID:17942748|PMID:21212295 Glul Rat 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine affects expression EXP 6480464 Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:34747641 Glul Rat 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin results in decreased expression of GLUL more ... CTD PMID:16960034|PMID:25270620|PMID:38013089 Glul Rat 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine affects expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:21570461 Glul Rat 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine decreases expression EXP 6480464 Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:16054898|PMID:16960034|PMID:18796159|PMID:33387578 Glul Rat 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19933214 Glul Rat 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine increases methylation ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin results in increased methylation of GLUL gene CTD PMID:21212295 Glul Rat 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran decreases expression EXP 6480464 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:32109520 Glul Rat 2,4-dibromophenyl 2,4,5-tribromophenyl ether decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 2,2',4,4',5-brominated diphenyl ether results in decreased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:18550172 Glul Rat 2,4-dibromophenyl 2,4,5-tribromophenyl ether affects expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 2,2',4,4',5-brominated diphenyl ether affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:38648751 Glul Rat 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene affects expression EXP 6480464 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:21346803 Glul Rat 2-chloroethanol multiple interactions EXP 6480464 Ethylene Chlorohydrin results in decreased expression of and results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:27596522 Glul Rat 2-chloroethanol decreases expression EXP 6480464 Ethylene Chlorohydrin results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:27596522 Glul Rat 2-hydroxypropanoic acid increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Lactic Acid results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:30851411 Glul Rat 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol affects expression EXP 6480464 alpha-Chlorohydrin affects the expression of GLUL protein; alpha-Chlorohydrin analog affects the expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:26072098 Glul Rat 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-7H-xanthine multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [INS protein co-treated with Dexamethasone co-treated with 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine co-treated with Indomethacin] results in increased expression more ... CTD PMID:28628672 Glul Rat 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione decreases expression EXP 6480464 1,2-dithiol-3-thione results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19162173 Glul Rat 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:18648102 Glul Rat 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 bisphenol S results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:39298647 Glul Rat 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 bisphenol S results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:34186270 Glul Rat 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [bisphenol A co-treated with bisphenol F co-treated with bisphenol S] results in increased expression of more ... CTD PMID:36041667 Glul Rat 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Fenretinide results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:28973697 Glul Rat 6-propyl-2-thiouracil decreases expression EXP 6480464 Propylthiouracil results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:36843608 Glul Rat 9-cis-retinoic acid increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Alitretinoin results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15982314 Glul Rat acetazolamide increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Acetazolamide results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19274763 Glul Rat acrolein multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [Acrolein co-treated with methacrylaldehyde co-treated with alpha-pinene co-treated with Ozone] results in increased oxidation of more ... CTD PMID:32699268 Glul Rat acrylamide decreases expression EXP 6480464 Acrylamide results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:12853321 Glul Rat acrylamide increases expression EXP 6480464 Acrylamide results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:28959563 Glul Rat aflatoxin B1 increases methylation ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Aflatoxin B1 results in increased methylation of GLUL 3' UTR CTD PMID:30157460 Glul Rat aflatoxin B1 increases expression EXP 6480464 Aflatoxin B1 results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:33354967 Glul Rat agathisflavone multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [agathisflavone co-treated with Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists] results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:29425760 Glul Rat aldehydo-D-glucose multiple interactions EXP 6480464 Glucose results in decreased expression of and results in decreased activity of GLUL protein; Resveratrol more ... CTD PMID:26677078 Glul Rat aldehydo-D-glucose decreases expression EXP 6480464 Glucose results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:26677078 Glul Rat all-trans-4-oxoretinoic acid increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 4-oxoretinoic acid results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15982314 Glul Rat all-trans-retinoic acid decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Tretinoin results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:21934132 Glul Rat all-trans-retinoic acid increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Tretinoin metabolite results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA; Tretinoin results in increased expression of more ... CTD PMID:15894607|PMID:15982314|PMID:33167477 Glul Rat all-trans-retinoic acid multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [Tretinoin co-treated with arsenic trioxide] results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15894607 Glul Rat allopurinol multiple interactions EXP 6480464 Allopurinol inhibits the reaction [Fructose results in decreased expression of GLUL protein] CTD PMID:24491314 Glul Rat alpha-pinene multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [Acrolein co-treated with methacrylaldehyde co-treated with alpha-pinene co-treated with Ozone] results in increased oxidation of more ... CTD PMID:32699268 Glul Rat ammonia affects response to substance ISO RGD:730955 6480464 GLUL affects the susceptibility to Ammonia CTD PMID:19073408 Glul Rat ammonia increases activity EXP 6480464 Ammonia results in increased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:26318273 Glul Rat ammonia decreases activity EXP 6480464 Ammonia results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:26318273 Glul Rat ammonia affects metabolic processing ISO RGD:736181 6480464 GLUL protein affects the metabolism of Ammonia CTD PMID:19088795|PMID:20064933 Glul Rat ammonia multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [Methionine Sulfoximine results in decreased activity of GLUL protein] which results in increased abundance of more ... CTD PMID:19619585|PMID:26318273 Glul Rat ammonia affects metabolic processing ISO RGD:730955 6480464 GLUL protein affects the metabolism of Ammonia CTD PMID:19073408 Glul Rat ammonium chloride affects expression EXP 6480464 Ammonium Chloride affects the expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:16483693 Glul Rat ammonium chloride decreases activity EXP 6480464 Ammonium Chloride results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:11923223 Glul Rat ammonium chloride affects metabolic processing EXP 6480464 Ammonium Chloride affects the metabolism of GLUL protein CTD PMID:11923223 Glul Rat amphotericin B decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Amphotericin B analog results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:28534445 Glul Rat antirheumatic drug decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Antirheumatic Agents results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:24449571 Glul Rat aristolochic acid A increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 aristolochic acid I results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:33212167 Glul Rat Aroclor 1254 increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:23650126 Glul Rat Aroclor 1254 decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:25270620 Glul Rat arsane multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [sodium arsenite results in increased abundance of Arsenic] which results in increased expression of GLUL more ... CTD PMID:39836092 Glul Rat arsenic atom multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [sodium arsenite results in increased abundance of Arsenic] which results in increased expression of GLUL more ... CTD PMID:39836092 Glul Rat arsenous acid multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [Tretinoin co-treated with Arsenic Trioxide] results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA; Arsenic Trioxide inhibits more ... CTD PMID:15894607|PMID:26598702 Glul Rat arsenous acid increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Arsenic Trioxide results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15894607 Glul Rat astragaloside IV multiple interactions EXP 6480464 astragaloside A inhibits the reaction [bisphenol A results in decreased activity of GLUL protein] CTD PMID:34434659 Glul Rat atrazine affects methylation EXP 6480464 Atrazine affects the methylation of GLUL gene CTD PMID:35440735 Glul Rat avobenzone increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 avobenzone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:31016361 Glul Rat bacitracin increases expression EXP 6480464 Bacitracin results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:18289764 Glul Rat benzene increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Benzene results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19162166 Glul Rat benzo[a]pyrene decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Benzo(a)pyrene results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19770486 Glul Rat benzo[a]pyrene decreases methylation ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Benzo(a)pyrene results in decreased methylation of GLUL 5' UTR CTD PMID:27901495 Glul Rat benzo[a]pyrene decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Benzo(a)pyrene results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:26238291|PMID:32234424 Glul Rat benzo[a]pyrene increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Benzo(a)pyrene results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:32717239 Glul Rat benzo[a]pyrene increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Benzo(a)pyrene results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:21569818|PMID:22228805 Glul Rat benzo[a]pyrene multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 AHR protein affects the reaction [Benzo(a)pyrene affects the expression of GLUL mRNA] CTD PMID:22228805 Glul Rat benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide I increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19150397 Glul Rat beta-lapachone decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 beta-lapachone results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:38218311 Glul Rat beta-naphthoflavone multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [Diethylnitrosamine co-treated with beta-Naphthoflavone] results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:18164116 Glul Rat bisphenol A decreases expression EXP 6480464 bisphenol A results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15901920|PMID:30816183|PMID:32528016|PMID:34947998 Glul Rat bisphenol A increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 bisphenol A results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:34186270 Glul Rat bisphenol A increases methylation ISO RGD:730955 6480464 bisphenol A results in increased methylation of GLUL gene CTD PMID:31601247 Glul Rat bisphenol A decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 bisphenol A results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:33221593 Glul Rat bisphenol A multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [bisphenol A co-treated with bisphenol F co-treated with bisphenol S] results in increased expression of more ... CTD PMID:34434659|PMID:36041667 Glul Rat bisphenol A decreases activity EXP 6480464 bisphenol A results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:34434659 Glul Rat bisphenol A decreases methylation ISO RGD:736181 6480464 bisphenol A results in decreased methylation of GLUL promoter CTD PMID:27312807 Glul Rat bisphenol A increases expression EXP 6480464 bisphenol A results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:24988533|PMID:32145629 Glul Rat bisphenol AF increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 bisphenol AF results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:34186270 Glul Rat Bisphenol B increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 bisphenol B results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:34186270 Glul Rat bisphenol F increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 bisphenol F results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:34186270 Glul Rat bisphenol F multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [bisphenol A co-treated with bisphenol F co-treated with bisphenol S] results in increased expression of more ... CTD PMID:36041667 Glul Rat buta-1,3-diene increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 1,3-butadiene results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:29038090 Glul Rat cadmium atom increases expression EXP 6480464 Cadmium results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17327700 Glul Rat cadmium atom increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Cadmium results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:24376830 Glul Rat cadmium dichloride multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [sodium arsenite co-treated with lead acetate co-treated with Cadmium Chloride] results in decreased expression of more ... CTD PMID:23680456 Glul Rat cadmium dichloride increases expression EXP 6480464 Cadmium Chloride results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17327700 Glul Rat calcidiol decreases expression EXP 6480464 Calcifediol deficiency results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17293106 Glul Rat calcitriol decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Calcitriol results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:16002434 Glul Rat captan decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Captan results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:31558096 Glul Rat carbamazepine decreases activity ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Carbamazepine results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:10323596 Glul Rat carbon nanotube decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Nanotubes, Carbon analog results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; Nanotubes, Carbon results in decreased more ... CTD PMID:25554681|PMID:25620056 Glul Rat CGP 52608 multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 CGP 52608 promotes the reaction [RORA protein binds to GLUL gene] CTD PMID:28238834 Glul Rat chlordecone decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Chlordecone results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:33711761 Glul Rat chloroprene increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Chloroprene results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:23125180 Glul Rat chloroquine decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Chloroquine results in decreased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:36482696 Glul Rat choline multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [Methionine deficiency co-treated with Choline deficiency co-treated with Folic Acid deficiency] results in decreased methylation more ... CTD PMID:20938992 Glul Rat chromium(6+) affects expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 chromium hexavalent ion affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:28472532 Glul Rat ciguatoxin CTX1B affects expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Ciguatoxins affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:18353800 Glul Rat cisplatin increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Cisplatin results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 Glul Rat clobetasol increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Clobetasol results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:27462272 Glul Rat clofibrate multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [Clofibrate co-treated with Acetaminophen] affects the expression of GLUL mRNA; PPARA affects the reaction [[Clofibrate more ... CTD PMID:17585979 Glul Rat clozapine decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Clozapine results in decreased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:36482696 Glul Rat copper atom multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [NSC 689534 binds to Copper] which results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; [Thiosemicarbazones binds more ... CTD PMID:20931265|PMID:20971185 Glul Rat copper atom multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [ATP7A gene mutant form results in increased abundance of Copper] which results in decreased expression more ... CTD PMID:15467011 Glul Rat copper(0) multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [NSC 689534 binds to Copper] which results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; [Thiosemicarbazones binds more ... CTD PMID:20931265|PMID:20971185 Glul Rat copper(0) multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [ATP7A gene mutant form results in increased abundance of Copper] which results in decreased expression more ... CTD PMID:15467011 Glul Rat corosolic acid decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 corosolic acid results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:37939859 Glul Rat corticosterone increases expression EXP 6480464 Corticosterone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15755911 Glul Rat cortisone increases activity EXP 6480464 Cortisone results in increased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:30993381 Glul Rat crocidolite asbestos decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Asbestos, Crocidolite results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:29279043 Glul Rat Cuprizon decreases expression EXP 6480464 Cuprizone results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:26577399 Glul Rat cyclosporin A decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Cyclosporine results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19770486|PMID:23830897 Glul Rat cyclosporin A decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Cyclosporine results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:20106945|PMID:23830897|PMID:25562108 Glul Rat cypermethrin decreases activity ISO RGD:736181 6480464 cypermethrin results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:24649940 Glul Rat D-glucose multiple interactions EXP 6480464 Glucose results in decreased expression of and results in decreased activity of GLUL protein; Resveratrol more ... CTD PMID:26677078 Glul Rat D-glucose decreases expression EXP 6480464 Glucose results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:26677078 Glul Rat DDE decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:38568856 Glul Rat decabromodiphenyl ether decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 decabromobiphenyl ether results in decreased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:31675489 Glul Rat dexamethasone multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 trichostatin A inhibits the reaction [Dexamethasone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA]; Valproic Acid more ... CTD PMID:23946490 Glul Rat dexamethasone multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [INS protein co-treated with Dexamethasone co-treated with 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine co-treated with Indomethacin] results in increased expression more ... CTD PMID:28628672 Glul Rat dexamethasone increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Dexamethasone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:25047013 Glul Rat dexamethasone increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Dexamethasone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:22733784|PMID:22936724|PMID:23946490 Glul Rat diarsenic trioxide increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Arsenic Trioxide results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15894607 Glul Rat diarsenic trioxide multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [Tretinoin co-treated with Arsenic Trioxide] results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA; Arsenic Trioxide inhibits more ... CTD PMID:15894607|PMID:26598702 Glul Rat Dibutyl phosphate affects expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 di-n-butylphosphoric acid affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:37042841 Glul Rat diethyl maleate decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 diethyl maleate results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:25270620 Glul Rat diethylstilbestrol increases expression EXP 6480464 Diethylstilbestrol results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:20932895 Glul Rat dioxygen multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [SCH 442416 co-treated with Oxygen deficiency] results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:22969972 Glul Rat diuron decreases expression EXP 6480464 Diuron results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:21551480|PMID:25152437 Glul Rat diuron decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Diuron results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:35967413 Glul Rat dorsomorphin multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [NOG protein co-treated with trichostatin A co-treated with dorsomorphin co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in increased more ... CTD PMID:27188386 Glul Rat doxorubicin decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Doxorubicin results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:29803840 Glul Rat endosulfan decreases expression EXP 6480464 Endosulfan results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:29391264 Glul Rat enzyme inhibitor multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [Enzyme Inhibitors results in decreased activity of OGA protein] which results in increased O-linked glycosylation more ... CTD PMID:23301498 Glul Rat Erionite decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 erionite results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:29279043 Glul Rat ethanol increases expression EXP 6480464 Ethanol results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15353170 Glul Rat ethanol affects splicing ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Ethanol affects the splicing of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:30319688 Glul Rat ethanol increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Ethanol results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:30319688 Glul Rat excitatory amino acid agonist multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [agathisflavone co-treated with Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists] results in increased expression of GLUL protein; [Estradiol more ... CTD PMID:29425760 Glul Rat felbamate decreases activity ISO RGD:736181 6480464 felbamate results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:10323596 Glul Rat fentin chloride increases expression EXP 6480464 triphenyltin chloride results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:37156404 Glul Rat fenvalerate increases expression EXP 6480464 fenvalerate results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:33656234 Glul Rat flutamide decreases expression EXP 6480464 Flutamide results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:24136188 Glul Rat folic acid multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [Methionine deficiency co-treated with Choline deficiency co-treated with Folic Acid deficiency] results in decreased methylation more ... CTD PMID:20938992 Glul Rat folpet decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 folpet results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:31558096 Glul Rat formaldehyde decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Formaldehyde results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:27664576 Glul Rat fructose multiple interactions EXP 6480464 Allopurinol inhibits the reaction [Fructose results in decreased expression of GLUL protein]; Quercetin inhibits the more ... CTD PMID:24491314 Glul Rat fructose decreases expression EXP 6480464 Fructose results in decreased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:24491314 Glul Rat fumonisin B1 decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 fumonisin B1 results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:16221962 Glul Rat gamma-aminobutyric acid increases expression EXP 6480464 gamma-Aminobutyric Acid results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:26924987 Glul Rat gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane decreases expression EXP 6480464 Hexachlorocyclohexane results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17785943 Glul Rat genistein decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Genistein results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:16705744 Glul Rat glucose multiple interactions EXP 6480464 Glucose results in decreased expression of and results in decreased activity of GLUL protein; Resveratrol more ... CTD PMID:26677078 Glul Rat glucose decreases expression EXP 6480464 Glucose results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:26677078 Glul Rat glufosinate multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 phosphinothricin results in increased expression of and results in increased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:27031874 Glul Rat glufosinate increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 phosphinothricin results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:27031874 Glul Rat guanosine multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [Guanosine co-treated with Ketamine] results in increased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:36878458 Glul Rat haloperidol decreases expression EXP 6480464 Haloperidol results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15860345 Glul Rat Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene increases expression EXP 6480464 hexachlorobutadiene results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:10463391 Glul Rat hydrogen chloride multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Hydrochloric Acid promotes the reaction [RHBG protein mutant form results in decreased expression of GLUL more ... CTD PMID:20719974 Glul Rat hydrogen cyanide decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Hydrogen Cyanide results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:33914522 Glul Rat hydroquinone decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 hydroquinone results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:31256213 Glul Rat indometacin decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Indomethacin results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17401462 Glul Rat indometacin multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [INS protein co-treated with Dexamethasone co-treated with 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine co-treated with Indomethacin] results in increased expression more ... CTD PMID:28628672 Glul Rat iron dichloride increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 ferrous chloride results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:35984750 Glul Rat isoprenaline increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Isoproterenol results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:20003209 Glul Rat isotretinoin increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Isotretinoin results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15982314 Glul Rat ivermectin decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Ivermectin results in decreased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:32959892 Glul Rat kainic acid multiple interactions EXP 6480464 oridonin inhibits the reaction [Kainic Acid results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA] CTD PMID:31430510 Glul Rat kainic acid decreases expression EXP 6480464 Kainic Acid results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:31430510 Glul Rat ketamine increases expression EXP 6480464 Ketamine results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:18504422 Glul Rat ketamine multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [Guanosine co-treated with Ketamine] results in increased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:36878458 Glul Rat L-methionine multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [Methionine deficiency co-treated with Choline deficiency co-treated with Folic Acid deficiency] results in decreased methylation more ... CTD PMID:20938992 Glul Rat lanthanum trichloride decreases expression EXP 6480464 lanthanum chloride results in decreased expression of GLUL CTD PMID:29353069 Glul Rat lead diacetate increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 lead acetate results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:20542052 Glul Rat lead diacetate decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 lead acetate results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:38568856 Glul Rat lead diacetate multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [sodium arsenite co-treated with lead acetate co-treated with Cadmium Chloride] results in decreased expression of more ... CTD PMID:23680456 Glul Rat lead diacetate decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 lead acetate results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:25270620 Glul Rat lead(0) increases expression EXP 6480464 Lead results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:15955607 Glul Rat leflunomide increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 leflunomide results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:28988120 Glul Rat lipopolysaccharide multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin co-treated with Lipopolysaccharides] results in increased methylation of GLUL gene CTD PMID:21212295 Glul Rat manganese atom affects expression EXP 6480464 Manganese affects the expression of GLUL mRNA; Manganese affects the expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:16842851 Glul Rat manganese atom decreases expression EXP 6480464 Manganese results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; Manganese results in decreased expression of GLUL more ... CTD PMID:16943606 Glul Rat manganese(0) affects expression EXP 6480464 Manganese affects the expression of GLUL mRNA; Manganese affects the expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:16842851 Glul Rat manganese(0) decreases expression EXP 6480464 Manganese results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; Manganese results in decreased expression of GLUL more ... CTD PMID:16943606 Glul Rat manganese(II) chloride decreases expression EXP 6480464 manganese chloride results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; manganese chloride results in decreased expression more ... CTD PMID:19615351 Glul Rat manganese(II) chloride multiple interactions EXP 6480464 Riluzole inhibits the reaction [manganese chloride results in decreased expression of and results in decreased more ... CTD PMID:19615351 Glul Rat manganese(II) sulfate decreases expression EXP 6480464 manganese sulfate results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; manganese sulfate results in decreased expression more ... CTD PMID:16943606 Glul Rat methidathion decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 methidathion results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:34813904 Glul Rat methionine sulfoximine decreases activity EXP 6480464 Methionine Sulfoximine results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:19619585 Glul Rat methionine sulfoximine multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [Methionine Sulfoximine results in decreased activity of GLUL protein] which results in increased abundance of more ... CTD PMID:19619585 Glul Rat methoxyacetic acid multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 methoxyacetic acid promotes the reaction [Promegestone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA] CTD PMID:15103026 Glul Rat methoxychlor affects methylation EXP 6480464 Methoxychlor affects the methylation of GLUL gene CTD PMID:35440735 Glul Rat methylisothiazolinone increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:31629900 Glul Rat methylmercury chloride decreases activity EXP 6480464 methylmercuric chloride results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:22223486 Glul Rat methylmercury chloride multiple interactions EXP 6480464 Polyphenols inhibits the reaction [methylmercuric chloride results in decreased activity of GLUL protein] CTD PMID:22223486 Glul Rat miconazole increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Miconazole results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:27462272 Glul Rat mitoxantrone affects response to substance ISO RGD:730955 6480464 GLUL protein affects the susceptibility to Mitoxantrone CTD PMID:16217747 Glul Rat N-nitrosodiethylamine multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [Diethylnitrosamine co-treated with beta-Naphthoflavone] results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA; [Diethylnitrosamine co-treated with Thioacetamide] more ... CTD PMID:18164116|PMID:28943392 Glul Rat N-nitrosodiethylamine increases expression EXP 6480464 Diethylnitrosamine results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19638242 Glul Rat N-nitrosomorpholine increases expression EXP 6480464 N-nitrosomorpholine results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19716841 Glul Rat nefazodone decreases expression EXP 6480464 nefazodone results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:24136188 Glul Rat nevirapine decreases expression EXP 6480464 Nevirapine metabolite results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:23947594 Glul Rat nickel atom increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Nickel results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:24768652|PMID:25583101 Glul Rat nickel sulfate increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 nickel sulfate results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:22714537 Glul Rat nimesulide decreases expression EXP 6480464 nimesulide results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:24136188 Glul Rat nitrofen increases expression EXP 6480464 nitrofen results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:33484710 Glul Rat Nor-9-carboxy-delta9-THC multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [Cannabinoids results in increased abundance of 11-nor-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid] which affects the methylation of GLUL gene CTD PMID:30521419 Glul Rat O-methyleugenol decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 methyleugenol results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:32234424 Glul Rat ochratoxin A decreases activity EXP 6480464 ochratoxin A results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:20558201 Glul Rat ochratoxin A decreases expression EXP 6480464 ochratoxin A results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:12700408 Glul Rat oridonin multiple interactions EXP 6480464 oridonin inhibits the reaction [Kainic Acid results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA] CTD PMID:31430510 Glul Rat ozone increases expression EXP 6480464 Ozone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:25838073 Glul Rat ozone multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [Acrolein co-treated with methacrylaldehyde co-treated with alpha-pinene co-treated with Ozone] results in increased oxidation of more ... CTD PMID:32699268|PMID:35430440 Glul Rat paracetamol multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [Clofibrate co-treated with Acetaminophen] affects the expression of GLUL mRNA; PPARA affects the reaction [[Clofibrate more ... CTD PMID:17585979 Glul Rat paracetamol decreases expression EXP 6480464 Acetaminophen results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:30723492|PMID:33387578 Glul Rat paracetamol decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Acetaminophen results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:22230336|PMID:29067470 Glul Rat paracetamol affects expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Acetaminophen affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17562736 Glul Rat paraquat multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [Paraquat results in increased abundance of Reactive Oxygen Species] which results in decreased expression of more ... CTD PMID:24376630 Glul Rat paraquat decreases activity EXP 6480464 Paraquat results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:34048864 Glul Rat paraquat decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Paraquat results in decreased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:29454966 Glul Rat paraquat affects expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Paraquat affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:29454966 Glul Rat paraquat increases expression EXP 6480464 Paraquat results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:24521700 Glul Rat PCB138 increases expression EXP 6480464 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:21673325 Glul Rat perfluorononanoic acid decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 perfluoro-n-nonanoic acid results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:32588087 Glul Rat perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid decreases activity EXP 6480464 perfluorooctane sulfonic acid results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:27825932 Glul Rat perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [perfluorooctane sulfonic acid co-treated with Cellulose] results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; [perfluorooctane sulfonic more ... CTD PMID:36331819 Glul Rat perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid decreases expression EXP 6480464 perfluorooctane sulfonic acid results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:27825932 Glul Rat perfluorooctanoic acid affects expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 perfluorooctanoic acid affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:18281256 Glul Rat perfluorooctanoic acid increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 perfluorooctanoic acid results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:37422089 Glul Rat perfluorooctanoic acid decreases expression EXP 6480464 perfluorooctanoic acid results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; perfluorooctanoic acid results in decreased expression more ... CTD PMID:19162173|PMID:34958885 Glul Rat phenobarbital increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Phenobarbital results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA; Phenobarbital results in increased expression of GLUL more ... CTD PMID:12384525|PMID:19482888 Glul Rat phenobarbital affects expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Phenobarbital affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:23091169 Glul Rat phenobarbital decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Phenobarbital results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:25270620 Glul Rat phenobarbital decreases expression EXP 6480464 Phenobarbital results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19162173 Glul Rat phenobarbital decreases activity ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Phenobarbital results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:10323596 Glul Rat phenobarbital multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [Phenobarbital results in increased mutagenesis of CTNNB1 gene] which results in increased expression of GLUL more ... CTD PMID:12384525|PMID:19482888 Glul Rat phenytoin decreases activity ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Phenytoin results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:10323596 Glul Rat PhIP increases expression EXP 6480464 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15215175 Glul Rat piperonyl butoxide decreases expression EXP 6480464 Piperonyl Butoxide results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:22484513 Glul Rat pirinixic acid multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 [pirinixic acid binds to and results in increased activity of PPARA protein] which results in more ... CTD PMID:19710929 Glul Rat pirinixic acid increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 pirinixic acid results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17426115|PMID:23811191 Glul Rat potassium cyanide increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Potassium Cyanide results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:33914522 Glul Rat potassium dichromate increases expression EXP 6480464 Potassium Dichromate results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:10463391 Glul Rat potassium dichromate decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Potassium Dichromate results in decreased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:23718831 Glul Rat pregnenolone 16alpha-carbonitrile decreases expression EXP 6480464 Pregnenolone Carbonitrile results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19162173 Glul Rat progesterone increases expression EXP 6480464 Progesterone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:20726854 Glul Rat promegestone increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Promegestone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15103026 Glul Rat promegestone multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 methoxyacetic acid promotes the reaction [Promegestone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA] CTD PMID:15103026 Glul Rat propiconazole decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 propiconazole results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19363144 Glul Rat Propiverine affects binding EXP 6480464 propiverine binds to GLUL protein CTD PMID:29273565 Glul Rat quercetin multiple interactions EXP 6480464 Quercetin inhibits the reaction [Fructose results in decreased expression of GLUL protein] CTD PMID:24491314 Glul Rat rac-lactic acid increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Lactic Acid results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:30851411 Glul Rat raloxifene affects expression EXP 6480464 Raloxifene Hydrochloride affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:16079270 Glul Rat reactive oxygen species multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [Paraquat results in increased abundance of Reactive Oxygen Species] which results in decreased expression of more ... CTD PMID:24376630 Glul Rat resveratrol increases activity EXP 6480464 resveratrol results in increased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:17554623 Glul Rat resveratrol increases expression EXP 6480464 resveratrol results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:16904623 Glul Rat resveratrol multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [resveratrol co-treated with Streptozocin] results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA; resveratrol inhibits the reaction more ... CTD PMID:25905778|PMID:26318273|PMID:26677078 Glul Rat Riluzole multiple interactions EXP 6480464 Riluzole inhibits the reaction [manganese chloride results in decreased expression of and results in decreased more ... CTD PMID:19615351 Glul Rat rotenone decreases activity EXP 6480464 Rotenone results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:35187747 Glul Rat rotenone multiple interactions EXP 6480464 taxifolin inhibits the reaction [Rotenone results in decreased activity of GLUL protein] CTD PMID:35187747 Glul Rat sarin decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Sarin results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19522546 Glul Rat sarin decreases expression EXP 6480464 Sarin results in decreased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:28973502 Glul Rat sarin increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Sarin results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19522546 Glul Rat SB 203580 multiple interactions EXP 6480464 SB 203580 inhibits the reaction [[Paraquat results in increased abundance of Reactive Oxygen Species] which more ... CTD PMID:24376630 Glul Rat SB 431542 multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [LDN 193189 co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide co-treated with FGF2 protein] results in increased expression of GLUL more ... CTD PMID:27188386|PMID:37664457 Glul Rat silicon dioxide decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Silicon Dioxide analog results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; Silicon Dioxide results in decreased more ... CTD PMID:25351596|PMID:25895662 Glul Rat sodium arsenate decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 sodium arsenate results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:12727804 Glul Rat sodium arsenate increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 sodium arsenate results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:20667999 Glul Rat sodium arsenate affects methylation ISO RGD:736181 6480464 sodium arsenate affects the methylation of GLUL promoter CTD PMID:20667999 Glul Rat sodium arsenite decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 sodium arsenite results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:25270620 Glul Rat sodium arsenite multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [sodium arsenite results in increased abundance of Arsenic] which results in increased expression of GLUL more ... CTD PMID:39836092 Glul Rat sodium arsenite decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 sodium arsenite results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:38568856 Glul Rat sodium arsenite increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 sodium arsenite results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:21396911 Glul Rat sodium arsenite multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [sodium arsenite co-treated with lead acetate co-treated with Cadmium Chloride] results in decreased expression of more ... CTD PMID:22020379|PMID:23680456 Glul Rat sodium dichromate decreases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 sodium bichromate results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17685462 Glul Rat Soman increases expression EXP 6480464 Soman results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19281266 Glul Rat sotorasib multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [sotorasib co-treated with trametinib co-treated with NVP-BKM120] results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:36139627 Glul Rat streptozocin multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [resveratrol co-treated with Streptozocin] results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA; resveratrol inhibits the reaction more ... CTD PMID:25905778|PMID:26677078 Glul Rat streptozocin decreases expression EXP 6480464 Streptozocin results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA; Streptozocin results in decreased expression of GLUL more ... CTD PMID:26677078 Glul Rat sunitinib increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Sunitinib results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:31533062 Glul Rat tamoxifen decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Tamoxifen results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:25123088 Glul Rat tamoxifen affects expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Tamoxifen affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17555576 Glul Rat tetrachloromethane decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Carbon Tetrachloride results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:25566828|PMID:26639393|PMID:27339419|PMID:29987408|PMID:31919559 Glul Rat tetrachloromethane decreases expression EXP 6480464 Carbon Tetrachloride results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:31150632 Glul Rat tetrachloromethane multiple interactions EXP 6480464 schizandrin B inhibits the reaction [Carbon Tetrachloride results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA] CTD PMID:31150632 Glul Rat tetrachloromethane decreases activity ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Carbon Tetrachloride results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:26639393 Glul Rat thapsigargin decreases expression EXP 6480464 Thapsigargin results in decreased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:35544339 Glul Rat thioacetamide multiple interactions EXP 6480464 [Diethylnitrosamine co-treated with Thioacetamide] results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:28943392 Glul Rat thioacetamide decreases expression EXP 6480464 Thioacetamide results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:34492290 Glul Rat titanium dioxide decreases activity ISO RGD:736181 6480464 titanium dioxide results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:25411160 Glul Rat titanium dioxide decreases methylation ISO RGD:736181 6480464 titanium dioxide results in decreased methylation of GLUL promoter CTD PMID:35295148 Glul Rat toluene increases expression EXP 6480464 Toluene results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:22166486 Glul Rat toluene decreases expression EXP 6480464 Toluene results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:22166486 Glul Rat topiramate decreases activity ISO RGD:736181 6480464 topiramate results in decreased activity of GLUL protein CTD PMID:10323596 Glul Rat trametinib multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [sotorasib co-treated with trametinib co-treated with NVP-BKM120] results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:36139627 Glul Rat tremolite asbestos decreases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 tremolite results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:29279043 Glul Rat trichloroethene decreases expression EXP 6480464 Trichloroethylene results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19448997|PMID:33387578 Glul Rat trichostatin A multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 trichostatin A inhibits the reaction [Dexamethasone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA] CTD PMID:23946490 Glul Rat trichostatin A multiple interactions ISO RGD:730955 6480464 [NOG protein co-treated with trichostatin A co-treated with dorsomorphin co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in increased more ... CTD PMID:27188386 Glul Rat trichostatin A increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 trichostatin A results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:26272509 Glul Rat triphenyl phosphate decreases expression EXP 6480464 triphenyl phosphate results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:30589522 Glul Rat triphenyl phosphate affects expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 triphenyl phosphate affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:37042841 Glul Rat triphenyl phosphate affects expression EXP 6480464 triphenyl phosphate affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:30589522 Glul Rat triptonide increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 triptonide results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:33045310 Glul Rat troglitazone increases expression EXP 6480464 troglitazone results in increased expression of GLUL protein CTD PMID:21315101 Glul Rat uranium atom affects expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Uranium affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:15672453 Glul Rat urea affects chemical synthesis ISO RGD:736181 6480464 GLUL protein affects the chemical synthesis of Urea CTD PMID:20064933 Glul Rat urethane increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Urethane results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:28818685 Glul Rat valdecoxib decreases expression EXP 6480464 valdecoxib results in decreased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:24136188 Glul Rat valproic acid multiple interactions ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Valproic Acid inhibits the reaction [Dexamethasone results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA] CTD PMID:23946490 Glul Rat valproic acid increases expression EXP 6480464 Valproic Acid results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:32428529 Glul Rat valproic acid increases expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Valproic Acid results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:28001369 Glul Rat valproic acid affects expression ISO RGD:730955 6480464 Valproic Acid affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:25979313 Glul Rat vancomycin increases expression ISO RGD:736181 6480464 Vancomycin results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:18930951 Glul Rat vancomycin increases expression EXP 6480464 Vancomycin results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:18289764 Glul Rat vinclozolin affects expression EXP 6480464 vinclozolin affects the expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:19015723 Glul Rat zinc atom increases expression EXP 6480464 Zinc results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17074742 Glul Rat zinc protoporphyrin multiple interactions EXP 6480464 zinc protoporphyrin inhibits the reaction [Resveratrol inhibits the reaction [Ammonia results in decreased activity of more ... CTD PMID:26318273 Glul Rat zinc sulfate increases expression EXP 6480464 Zinc Sulfate results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17074742 Glul Rat zinc(0) increases expression EXP 6480464 Zinc results in increased expression of GLUL mRNA CTD PMID:17074742
Molecular Function
Only show annotations with direct experimental evidence (0 objects hidden)
Glul Rat ATP binding IDA 2301547 RGD Glul Rat ATP binding enables IEA UniProtKB-KW:KW-0067 1600115 GO_REF:0000043 UniProt GO_REF:0000043 Glul Rat ATP binding IDA 2301548 RGD Glul Rat catalytic activity enables IEA InterPro:IPR014746 1600115 GO_REF:0000002 InterPro GO_REF:0000002 Glul Rat dynein light chain binding IPI RGD:619866 2301546 RGD Glul Rat glutamate binding IDA 2301547 RGD Glul Rat glutamate binding IDA 2301548 RGD Glul Rat glutamine synthetase activity IDA 2301547 RGD Glul Rat glutamine synthetase activity enables IEA EC:6.3.1.2 1600115 GO_REF:0000003 UniProt GO_REF:0000003 Glul Rat glutamine synthetase activity enables ISO RGD:730955 1624291 PMID:30158707, PMID:36289327 RGD PMID:30158707|PMID:36289327 Glul Rat glutamine synthetase activity enables IEA RHEA:16169 1600115 GO_REF:0000116 RHEA GO_REF:0000116 Glul Rat glutamine synthetase activity enables IBA FB:FBgn0001142|FB:FBgn0001145|PANTHER:PTN000465001|PomBase:SPAC23H4.06|RGD:2710|SGD:S000006239|TAIR:locus:2013880|TAIR:locus:2088580|TAIR:locus:2151739|TAIR:locus:2165897|TAIR:locus:2174175|UniProtKB:A8WCU3|UniProtKB:O04998|UniProtKB:P15104|UniProtKB:Q84UC1 1600115 GO_REF:0000033 GO_Central GO_REF:0000033 Glul Rat glutamine synthetase activity enables ISO RGD:736181 1624291 PMID:39541460 RGD PMID:39541460 Glul Rat glutamine synthetase activity enables IEA UniProtKB:P15104|ensembl:ENSP00000356537 1600115 GO_REF:0000107 Ensembl GO_REF:0000107 Glul Rat glutamine synthetase activity enables IEA InterPro:IPR008146|InterPro:IPR008147|InterPro:IPR036651 1600115 GO_REF:0000002 InterPro GO_REF:0000002 Glul Rat glutamine synthetase activity IDA 2301548 RGD Glul Rat identical protein binding IPI RGD:2710 2301548 homooligomerization; enzyme contains 8 subunits RGD Glul Rat identical protein binding enables IEA UniProtKB:P15104|ensembl:ENSP00000356537 1600115 GO_REF:0000107 Ensembl GO_REF:0000107 Glul Rat identical protein binding enables ISO RGD:730955 1624291 UniProtKB:P15104 PMID:16189514, PMID:19447967, PMID:21988832, PMID:25416956, PMID:25502805, PMID:31515488 RGD PMID:16189514|PMID:19447967|PMID:21988832|PMID:25416956|PMID:25502805|PMID:31515488 Glul Rat identical protein binding IPI RGD:2710 2301547 homooligomerization; approximate MW of intact enzyme is 360kD, subunit MW is 43-47kD RGD Glul Rat ligase activity enables IEA UniProtKB-KW:KW-0436 1600115 GO_REF:0000043 UniProt GO_REF:0000043 Glul Rat magnesium ion binding IDA 2301547 presence of a divalent cation is required for catalytic activity RGD Glul Rat magnesium ion binding IDA 2301548 RGD Glul Rat manganese ion binding IDA 2301547 presence of a divalent cation is required for catalytic activity RGD Glul Rat manganese ion binding IDA 2301548 RGD Glul Rat metal ion binding enables IEA UniProtKB-KW:KW-0479 1600115 GO_REF:0000043 UniProt GO_REF:0000043 Glul Rat nickel cation binding IDA 401794595 RGD Glul Rat nucleotide binding enables IEA UniProtKB-KW:KW-0547 1600115 GO_REF:0000043 UniProt GO_REF:0000043 Glul Rat protein binding enables ISO RGD:736181 1624291 PR:Q9QZL0|UniProtKB:Q9JHU2 PMID:16323283, PMID:19498109 RGD PMID:16323283|PMID:19498109 Glul Rat protein binding enables ISO RGD:730955 1624291 UniProtKB:B4URF7|UniProtKB:P17735|UniProtKB:Q8NFU1|UniProtKB:Q9H4E5|UniProtKB:Q9H4E5-1 PMID:21994455, PMID:25910212, PMID:30158707, PMID:36289327 RGD PMID:21994455|PMID:25910212|PMID:30158707|PMID:36289327 Glul Rat protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity enables ISS UniProtKB:P15104 1600115 GO_REF:0000024 UniProt GO_REF:0000024 Glul Rat protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity enables IEA EC:2.3.1.225 1600115 GO_REF:0000003 UniProt GO_REF:0000003 Glul Rat protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity enables IEA RHEA:36683 1600115 GO_REF:0000116 RHEA GO_REF:0000116 Glul Rat protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity enables ISO RGD:730955 1624291 PMID:30158707 RGD PMID:30158707 Glul Rat protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity enables IEA UniProtKB:P15104|ensembl:ENSP00000356537 1600115 GO_REF:0000107 Ensembl GO_REF:0000107 Glul Rat transferase activity enables IEA UniProtKB-KW:KW-0808 1600115 GO_REF:0000043 UniProt GO_REF:0000043
Imported Annotations - SMPDB
Imported Annotations - KEGG (archival)
(+)-pilocarpine (EXP) (+)-schisandrin B (EXP) (+)-taxifolin (EXP) (1->4)-beta-D-glucan (ISO) 1,1-dichloroethene (ISO) 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (ISO) 17alpha-ethynylestradiol (EXP,ISO) 17beta-estradiol (EXP,ISO) 17beta-hydroxy-17-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one (ISO) 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one (ISO) 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (EXP) 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (ISO) 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzodioxine (ISO) 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine (EXP,ISO) 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran (EXP) 2,4-dibromophenyl 2,4,5-tribromophenyl ether (ISO) 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (EXP) 2-chloroethanol (EXP) 2-hydroxypropanoic acid (ISO) 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (EXP) 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-7H-xanthine (ISO) 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (EXP) 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (ISO) 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol (EXP,ISO) 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide (ISO) 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (EXP) 9-cis-retinoic acid (ISO) acetazolamide (ISO) acrolein (ISO) acrylamide (EXP) aflatoxin B1 (EXP,ISO) agathisflavone (EXP) aldehydo-D-glucose (EXP) all-trans-4-oxoretinoic acid (ISO) all-trans-retinoic acid (ISO) allopurinol (EXP) alpha-pinene (ISO) ammonia (EXP,ISO) ammonium chloride (EXP) amphotericin B (ISO) antirheumatic drug (ISO) aristolochic acid A (ISO) Aroclor 1254 (ISO) arsane (ISO) arsenic atom (ISO) arsenous acid (ISO) astragaloside IV (EXP) atrazine (EXP) avobenzone (ISO) bacitracin (EXP) benzene (ISO) benzo[a]pyrene (ISO) benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide I (ISO) beta-lapachone (ISO) beta-naphthoflavone (EXP) bisphenol A (EXP,ISO) bisphenol AF (ISO) Bisphenol B (ISO) bisphenol F (EXP,ISO) buta-1,3-diene (ISO) cadmium atom (EXP,ISO) cadmium dichloride (EXP) calcidiol (EXP) calcitriol (ISO) captan (ISO) carbamazepine (ISO) carbon nanotube (ISO) CGP 52608 (ISO) chlordecone (ISO) chloroprene (ISO) chloroquine (ISO) choline (ISO) chromium(6+) (ISO) ciguatoxin CTX1B (ISO) cisplatin (ISO) clobetasol (ISO) clofibrate (ISO) clozapine (ISO) copper atom (ISO) copper(0) (ISO) corosolic acid (ISO) corticosterone (EXP) cortisone (EXP) crocidolite asbestos (ISO) Cuprizon (EXP) cyclosporin A (ISO) cypermethrin (ISO) D-glucose (EXP) DDE (ISO) decabromodiphenyl ether (ISO) dexamethasone (ISO) diarsenic trioxide (ISO) Dibutyl phosphate (ISO) diethyl maleate (ISO) diethylstilbestrol (EXP) dioxygen (EXP) diuron (EXP,ISO) dorsomorphin (ISO) doxorubicin (ISO) endosulfan (EXP) enzyme inhibitor (ISO) Erionite (ISO) ethanol (EXP,ISO) excitatory amino acid agonist (EXP) felbamate (ISO) fentin chloride (EXP) fenvalerate (EXP) flutamide (EXP) folic acid (ISO) folpet (ISO) formaldehyde (ISO) fructose (EXP) fumonisin B1 (ISO) gamma-aminobutyric acid (EXP) gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (EXP) genistein (ISO) glucose (EXP) glufosinate (ISO) guanosine (ISO) haloperidol (EXP) Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (EXP) hydrogen chloride (ISO) hydrogen cyanide (ISO) hydroquinone (ISO) indometacin (ISO) iron dichloride (ISO) isoprenaline (ISO) isotretinoin (ISO) ivermectin (ISO) kainic acid (EXP) ketamine (EXP,ISO) L-methionine (ISO) lanthanum trichloride (EXP) lead diacetate (EXP,ISO) lead(0) (EXP) leflunomide (ISO) lipopolysaccharide (ISO) manganese atom (EXP) manganese(0) (EXP) manganese(II) chloride (EXP) manganese(II) sulfate (EXP) methidathion (ISO) methionine sulfoximine (EXP) methoxyacetic acid (ISO) methoxychlor (EXP) methylisothiazolinone (ISO) methylmercury chloride (EXP) miconazole (ISO) mitoxantrone (ISO) N-nitrosodiethylamine (EXP) N-nitrosomorpholine (EXP) nefazodone (EXP) nevirapine (EXP) nickel atom (ISO) nickel sulfate (ISO) nimesulide (EXP) nitrofen (EXP) Nor-9-carboxy-delta9-THC (ISO) O-methyleugenol (ISO) ochratoxin A (EXP) oridonin (EXP) ozone (EXP,ISO) paracetamol (EXP,ISO) paraquat (EXP,ISO) PCB138 (EXP) perfluorononanoic acid (ISO) perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid (EXP,ISO) perfluorooctanoic acid (EXP,ISO) phenobarbital (EXP,ISO) phenytoin (ISO) PhIP (EXP) piperonyl butoxide (EXP) pirinixic acid (ISO) potassium cyanide (ISO) potassium dichromate (EXP,ISO) pregnenolone 16alpha-carbonitrile (EXP) progesterone (EXP) promegestone (ISO) propiconazole (ISO) Propiverine (EXP) quercetin (EXP) rac-lactic acid (ISO) raloxifene (EXP) reactive oxygen species (EXP) resveratrol (EXP) Riluzole (EXP) rotenone (EXP) sarin (EXP,ISO) SB 203580 (EXP) SB 431542 (ISO) silicon dioxide (ISO) sodium arsenate (ISO) sodium arsenite (EXP,ISO) sodium dichromate (ISO) Soman (EXP) sotorasib (ISO) streptozocin (EXP) sunitinib (ISO) tamoxifen (ISO) tetrachloromethane (EXP,ISO) thapsigargin (EXP) thioacetamide (EXP) titanium dioxide (ISO) toluene (EXP) topiramate (ISO) trametinib (ISO) tremolite asbestos (ISO) trichloroethene (EXP) trichostatin A (ISO) triphenyl phosphate (EXP,ISO) triptonide (ISO) troglitazone (EXP) uranium atom (ISO) urea (ISO) urethane (ISO) valdecoxib (EXP) valproic acid (EXP,ISO) vancomycin (EXP,ISO) vinclozolin (EXP) zinc atom (EXP) zinc protoporphyrin (EXP) zinc sulfate (EXP) zinc(0) (EXP)
Biological Process
ammonia assimilation cycle (IDA) angiogenesis (IEA) cell population proliferation (IEA,ISO) cellular response to starvation (ISO) glutamate metabolic process (IDA) glutamine biosynthetic process (IBA,IDA,IEA) intracellular ammonium homeostasis (ISO,ISS) positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation (IMP) positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation (ISO,ISS) positive regulation of insulin secretion (IMP) positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic (IMP) protein palmitoylation (ISO,ISS) regulation of endothelial cell migration (IEA,ISO,ISS) regulation of protein localization to nucleolus (IEA,ISO) regulation of sprouting angiogenesis (IEA,ISO,ISS) response to glucose (ISO) ribosome biogenesis (IEA,ISO)
1.
Severity of middle cerebral artery occlusion determines retinal deficits in rats.
Allen RS, etal., Exp Neurol. 2014 Apr;254:206-15. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.02.005. Epub 2014 Feb 8.
2.
Progesterone treatment in two rat models of ocular ischemia.
Allen RS, etal., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015 May;56(5):2880-91. doi: 10.1167/iovs.14-16070.
3.
Aqueous humor oxidative stress proteomic levels in primary open angle glaucoma.
Bagnis A, etal., Exp Eye Res. 2012 Oct;103:55-62. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.07.011. Epub 2012 Aug 21.
4.
Inhibition of Muller cell glutamine synthetase rapidly impairs the retinal response to light.
Barnett NL, etal., Glia. 2000 Mar;30(1):64-73.
5.
Validation of a Congestive Hepatic Fibrosis Scoring System.
Bosch DE, etal., Am J Surg Pathol. 2019 Jun;43(6):766-772. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000001250.
6.
Reduced GABA transaminase activity in the Huntington's disease putamen.
Carter CJ Neurosci Lett. 1984 Aug 10;48(3):339-42.
7.
Proteomic identification of oxidatively modified proteins in Alzheimer's disease brain. Part I: creatine kinase BB, glutamine synthase, and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L-1.
Castegna A, etal., Free Radic Biol Med. 2002 Aug 15;33(4):562-71.
8.
Inhibition of glutamine synthetase decreases proliferation of cultured rat intestinal epithelial cells.
DeMarco V, etal., J Nutr. 1999 Jan;129(1):57-62.
9.
The distribution of glutamine synthetase in subcellular fractions of rat brain.
Dennis SC, etal., Brain Res. 1980 Sep 22;197(2):469-75.
10.
Glutamine synthetase from rat liver. Purification, properties, and preparation of specific antisera.
Deuel TF, etal., J Biol Chem. 1978 Sep 10;253(17):6111-8.
11.
Recurrent seizures and brain pathology after inhibition of glutamine synthetase in the hippocampus in rats.
Eid T, etal., Brain. 2008 Aug;131(Pt 8):2061-70. Epub 2008 Jul 6.
12.
Loss of glutamine synthetase in the human epileptogenic hippocampus: possible mechanism for raised extracellular glutamate in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Eid T, etal., Lancet. 2004 Jan 3;363(9402):28-37.
13.
Prevention of Cyclophilin D-Mediated mPTP Opening Using Cyclosporine-A Alleviates the Elevation of Necroptosis, Autophagy and Apoptosis-Related Markers Following Global Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion.
Fakharnia F, etal., J Mol Neurosci. 2017 Jan;61(1):52-60. doi: 10.1007/s12031-016-0843-3. Epub 2016 Sep 23.
14.
Ischemic conditioning protects from axoglial alterations of the optic pathway induced by experimental diabetes in rats.
Fernandez DC, etal., PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e51966. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051966. Epub 2012 Dec 20.
15.
Glutamine synthetase expression in activated hepatocyte progenitor cells and loss of hepatocellular expression in congestion and cirrhosis.
Fleming KE and Wanless IR, Liver Int. 2013 Apr;33(4):525-34. doi: 10.1111/liv.12099. Epub 2013 Jan 31.
16.
Quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase in human and rat brain: activity in Huntington's disease and in quinolinate-lesioned rat striatum.
Foster AC, etal., Brain Res. 1985 Jun 17;336(2):207-14.
17.
Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium.
Gaudet P, etal., Brief Bioinform. 2011 Sep;12(5):449-62. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbr042. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
18.
Glucocorticoid induced expression of glutamine synthetase in hepatoma cells.
Gaunitz F, etal., Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002 Aug 30;296(4):1026-32.
19.
Rat ISS GO annotations from GOA human gene data--August 2006
GOA data from the GO Consortium
20.
Erythropoietin exerts a neuroprotective function against glutamate neurotoxicity in experimental diabetic retina.
Gu L, etal., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014 Oct 21;55(12):8208-22. doi: 10.1167/iovs.14-14435.
21.
Nodular Regenerative Hyperplasia: Expression Pattern of Glutamine Synthetase and a Potential Role for Hepatic Progenitor Cells.
Guilbert MC, etal., Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2020 Mar;28(3):243-248. doi: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000793.
22.
Detection of glutamine synthetase in the cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer diseased patients: a potential diagnostic biochemical marker.
Gunnersen D and Haley B, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Dec 15;89(24):11949-53.
23.
Muscle amino acid pattern in obese rats.
Herrero MC, etal., Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1997 Aug;21(8):698-703.
24.
KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
KEGG
25.
Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical localization of glutamine synthetase in the superficial pineal gland of the rat.
Krstic R and Nicolas D, Acta Histochem. 1992;93(2):382-7.
26.
Rat ISS GO annotations from MGI mouse gene data--August 2006
MGD data from the GO Consortium
27.
Cloning and functional characterization of the rat glutamine synthetase gene.
Mill JF, etal., Brain Res Mol Brain Res 1991 Feb;9(3):197-207.
28.
Glutamate decarboxylase and GABA aminotransferase levels in different regions of rat brain on the onset of Leptazol induced convulsions.
Nasreen Z, etal., Neurochem Res. 2012 Jan;37(1):202-4. doi: 10.1007/s11064-011-0603-2. Epub 2011 Sep 21.
29.
Proteomic identification of brain proteins that interact with dynein light chain LC8.
Navarro-Lerida I, etal., Proteomics. 2004 Feb;4(2):339-46.
30.
Electronic Transfer of LocusLink and RefSeq Data
NCBI rat LocusLink and RefSeq merged data July 26, 2002
31.
Prospective Association of GLUL rs10911021 With Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: The Look AHEAD Study.
NO_AUTHOR Diabetes. 2016 Jan;65(1):297-302. doi: 10.2337/db15-0890. Epub 2015 Sep 22.
32.
Fine structural localization of glutamine synthetase in astrocytes of rat brain.
Norenberg MD and Martinez-Hernandez A, Brain Res. 1979 Feb 2;161(2):303-10.
33.
OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline
OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline
34.
Perflubron emulsion in prolonged hemorrhagic shock: influence on hepatocellular energy metabolism and oxygen-dependent gene expression.
Paxian M, etal., Anesthesiology. 2003 Jun;98(6):1391-9. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200306000-00014.
35.
KEGG Annotation Import Pipeline
Pipeline to import KEGG annotations from KEGG into RGD
36.
SMPDB Annotation Import Pipeline
Pipeline to import SMPDB annotations from SMPDB into RGD
37.
L-NAME combats excitotoxicity and recuperates neurological deficits in MCAO/R rats.
Pramila B, etal., Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2015 Aug;135:246-53. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.06.006. Epub 2015 Jun 18.
38.
Association between a genetic variant related to glutamic acid metabolism and coronary heart disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Qi L, etal., JAMA. 2013 Aug 28;310(8):821-8. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.276305.
39.
GOA pipeline
RGD automated data pipeline
40.
ClinVar Automated Import and Annotation Pipeline
RGD automated import pipeline for ClinVar variants, variant-to-disease annotations and gene-to-disease annotations
41.
Data Import for Chemical-Gene Interactions
RGD automated import pipeline for gene-chemical interactions
42.
An analysis of the cortical and striatal involvement in dyskinesia induced in rats by intracerebral injection of GABA-transaminase inhibitors and picrotoxin.
Robin MM, etal., Eur J Pharmacol. 1980 Apr 4;62(4):319-27.
43.
Protective effect of grape seed and skin extract on cerebral ischemia in rat: implication of transition metals.
Safwen K, etal., Int J Stroke. 2015 Apr;10(3):415-24. doi: 10.1111/ijs.12391. Epub 2014 Nov 3.
44.
Effects of ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate on insulin secretion in rat pancreatic islets: implication of nitric oxide synthase and glutamine synthetase pathways.
Schneid C, etal., Br J Nutr. 2003 Feb;89(2):249-57.
45.
Purification and comparison of glutamine synthetase from rat and chick livers.
Seyama S, etal., J Biochem. 1972 Oct;72(4):1017-27.
46.
Effect of pigment epithelium derived factor on the expression of glutamine synthetase in early phase of experimental diabetic retinopathy.
Shen X, etal., Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2011 Aug;19(4):246-54. doi: 10.3109/09273948.2011.580073.
47.
Glutamine synthetase in human carotid plaque macrophages associates with features of plaque vulnerability: An immunohistological study.
Sorto P, etal., Atherosclerosis. 2022 Jul;352:18-26. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.05.008. Epub 2022 May 18.
48.
Cortical expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and glutamine synthetase is decreased in schizophrenia.
Steffek AE, etal., Schizophr Res. 2008 Aug;103(1-3):71-82. Epub 2008 Jun 17.
49.
Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.
Strausberg RL, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16899-903. Epub 2002 Dec 11.
50.
Binding of nickel to testicular glutamate-ammonia ligase inhibits its enzymatic activity.
Sun Y, etal., Mol Reprod Dev. 2011 Feb;78(2):104-15. doi: 10.1002/mrd.21275. Epub 2011 Jan 20.
51.
Total oligomeric flavonoids of Cyperus rotundus ameliorates neurological deficits, excitotoxicity and behavioral alterations induced by cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury in rats.
Sunil AG, etal., Brain Res Bull. 2011 Apr 5;84(6):394-405. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.01.008. Epub 2011 Jan 25.
52.
Discrete cellular and subcellular localization of glutamine synthetase and the glutamate transporter GLAST in the rat vestibular end organ.
Takumi Y, etal., Neuroscience. 1997 Aug;79(4):1137-44.
53.
Rat liver glutamine synthetase. Preparation, properties, and mechanism of inhibition by carbamyl phosphate.
Tate SS, etal., J Biol Chem. 1972 Sep 10;247(17):5312-21.
54.
Isolation and characterization of the rat glutamine synthetase-encoding gene.
van de Zande L, etal., Gene 1990 Mar 15;87(2):225-32.
55.
Nucleotide sequence of rat glutamine synthetase mRNA.
van de Zande L, etal., Nucleic Acids Res 1988 Aug 11;16(15):7726.
56.
Object-based analysis of astroglial reaction and astrocyte subtype morphology after ischemic brain injury.
Wagner DC, etal., Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2013;73(1):79-87.
57.
Neuroprotective effect of transcorneal electrical stimulation on ischemic damage in the rat retina.
Wang X, etal., Exp Eye Res. 2011 Nov;93(5):753-60. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2011.09.022. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
58.
Relative activities of glutamine synthetase and glutaminase in mammalian synaptosomes.
Ward HK and Bradford HF, J Neurochem. 1979 Jul;33(1):339-42.
59.
Protective Effect of Raf-1 Kinase Inhibitory Protein on Diabetic Retinal Neurodegeneration through P38-MAPK Pathway.
Wu C, etal., Curr Eye Res. 2022 Jan;47(1):135-142. doi: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1944644. Epub 2021 Jul 26.
60.
Two-dimensional electrophoresis with cationic detergents: a powerful tool for the proteomic analysis of myelin proteins. Part 2: analytical aspects.
Yamaguchi Y, etal., J Neurosci Res. 2008 Mar;86(4):766-75.
61.
Resveratrol Prevents Retinal Dysfunction by Regulating Glutamate Transporters, Glutamine Synthetase Expression and Activity in Diabetic Retina.
Zeng K, etal., Neurochem Res. 2016 May;41(5):1050-64. doi: 10.1007/s11064-015-1793-9. Epub 2015 Dec 16.
62.
Neuroprotective effects of ischemic postconditioning on global brain ischemia in rats through upregulation of hippocampal glutamine synthetase.
Zhang W, etal., J Clin Neurosci. 2011 May;18(5):685-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2010.08.027. Epub 2011 Mar 2.
63.
Chronic lead exposure enhances the sympathoexcitatory response associated with P2X4 receptor in rat stellate ganglia.
Zhu G, etal., Environ Toxicol. 2018 Jun;33(6):631-639. doi: 10.1002/tox.22547. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
Glul Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source Genome Browsers JBrowse NCBI UCSC Ensembl GRCr8 13 68,519,500 - 68,585,554 (+) NCBI GRCr8 mRatBN7.2 13 65,969,053 - 66,035,121 (+) NCBI mRatBN7.2 mRatBN7.2 mRatBN7.2 Ensembl 13 66,025,630 - 66,035,108 (+) Ensembl mRatBN7.2 Ensembl UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx 13 68,570,130 - 68,636,818 (+) NCBI Rnor_SHR UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0 13 69,860,229 - 69,925,952 (+) NCBI Rnor_SHRSP UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0 UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0 13 67,117,264 - 67,182,892 (+) NCBI Rnor_WKY UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0 Rnor_6.0 13 71,331,052 - 71,340,207 (+) NCBI Rnor6.0 Rnor_6.0 rn6 Rnor6.0 Rnor_6.0 Ensembl 13 71,331,052 - 71,340,229 (+) Ensembl Rnor6.0 rn6 Rnor6.0 Rnor_5.0 13 76,294,471 - 76,303,626 (+) NCBI Rnor5.0 Rnor_5.0 rn5 Rnor5.0 RGSC_v3.1 12 32,761,556 - 32,788,230 (+) NCBI Celera 13 65,922,875 - 65,932,149 (+) NCBI Celera Cytogenetic Map 13 q21 NCBI
GLUL Human Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source Genome Browsers JBrowse NCBI UCSC Ensembl GRCh38 1 182,378,098 - 182,391,790 (-) NCBI GRCh38 GRCh38 hg38 GRCh38 GRCh38.p14 Ensembl 1 182,378,098 - 182,392,206 (-) Ensembl GRCh38 hg38 GRCh38 GRCh37 1 182,347,233 - 182,360,925 (-) NCBI GRCh37 GRCh37 hg19 GRCh37 Build 36 1 180,618,292 - 180,627,573 (-) NCBI NCBI36 Build 36 hg18 NCBI36 Build 34 1 179,083,688 - 179,092,561 NCBI Celera 1 155,461,927 - 155,472,429 (-) NCBI Celera Cytogenetic Map 1 q25.3 NCBI HuRef 1 153,587,169 - 153,597,671 (-) NCBI HuRef CHM1_1 1 183,773,938 - 183,784,435 (-) NCBI CHM1_1 T2T-CHM13v2.0 1 181,737,671 - 181,751,363 (-) NCBI T2T-CHM13v2.0
Glul Mouse Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source Genome Browsers JBrowse NCBI UCSC Ensembl GRCm39 1 153,775,692 - 153,785,469 (+) NCBI GRCm39 GRCm39 mm39 GRCm39 Ensembl 1 153,775,690 - 153,785,469 (+) Ensembl GRCm39 Ensembl GRCm38 1 153,899,929 - 153,909,723 (+) NCBI GRCm38 GRCm38 mm10 GRCm38 GRCm38.p6 Ensembl 1 153,899,944 - 153,909,723 (+) Ensembl GRCm38 mm10 GRCm38 MGSCv37 1 155,747,075 - 155,756,844 (+) NCBI GRCm37 MGSCv37 mm9 NCBIm37 MGSCv36 1 155,662,163 - 155,671,932 (+) NCBI MGSCv36 mm8 Celera 1 156,333,065 - 156,342,886 (+) NCBI Celera Cytogenetic Map 1 G3 NCBI cM Map 1 65.43 NCBI
Glul Chinchilla Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source Genome Browsers JBrowse NCBI UCSC Ensembl ChiLan1.0 Ensembl NW_004955406 21,266,383 - 21,275,309 (-) Ensembl ChiLan1.0 ChiLan1.0 NW_004955406 21,266,383 - 21,274,546 (-) NCBI ChiLan1.0 ChiLan1.0
GLUL Bonobo Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source Genome Browsers JBrowse NCBI UCSC Ensembl NHGRI_mPanPan1-v2 1 67,356,866 - 67,365,787 (+) NCBI NHGRI_mPanPan1-v2 NHGRI_mPanPan1 1 67,039,838 - 67,049,341 (+) NCBI NHGRI_mPanPan1 Mhudiblu_PPA_v0 1 157,882,258 - 157,891,562 (-) NCBI Mhudiblu_PPA_v0 Mhudiblu_PPA_v0 panPan3 PanPan1.1 1 161,534,106 - 161,543,411 (-) NCBI panpan1.1 PanPan1.1 panPan2 PanPan1.1 Ensembl 1 161,534,106 - 161,543,411 (-) Ensembl panpan1.1 panPan2
GLUL Dog Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source Genome Browsers JBrowse NCBI UCSC Ensembl CanFam3.1 7 15,730,898 - 15,740,241 (-) NCBI CanFam3.1 CanFam3.1 canFam3 CanFam3.1 CanFam3.1 Ensembl 7 15,730,898 - 15,740,241 (-) Ensembl CanFam3.1 canFam3 CanFam3.1 Dog10K_Boxer_Tasha 7 15,314,979 - 15,324,324 (-) NCBI Dog10K_Boxer_Tasha ROS_Cfam_1.0 7 15,461,328 - 15,470,693 (-) NCBI ROS_Cfam_1.0 ROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl 7 15,461,336 - 15,470,695 (-) Ensembl ROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl UMICH_Zoey_3.1 7 15,369,339 - 15,378,686 (-) NCBI UMICH_Zoey_3.1 UNSW_CanFamBas_1.0 7 15,477,997 - 15,487,355 (-) NCBI UNSW_CanFamBas_1.0 UU_Cfam_GSD_1.0 7 15,609,290 - 15,618,655 (-) NCBI UU_Cfam_GSD_1.0
Glul Squirrel Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source Genome Browsers JBrowse NCBI UCSC Ensembl HiC_Itri_2 NW_024409344 89,446,520 - 89,455,988 (+) NCBI HiC_Itri_2 SpeTri2.0 Ensembl NW_004936481 7,293,091 - 7,306,202 (+) Ensembl SpeTri2.0 SpeTri2.0 Ensembl SpeTri2.0 NW_004936481 7,293,301 - 7,301,416 (+) NCBI SpeTri2.0 SpeTri2.0 SpeTri2.0
GLUL Pig Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source Genome Browsers JBrowse NCBI UCSC Ensembl Sscrofa11.1 Ensembl 9 123,748,380 - 123,762,545 (-) Ensembl Sscrofa11.1 susScr11 Sscrofa11.1 Sscrofa11.1 9 123,751,551 - 123,762,575 (-) NCBI Sscrofa11.1 Sscrofa11.1 susScr11 Sscrofa11.1 Sscrofa10.2 9 135,909,152 - 135,909,595 (-) NCBI Sscrofa10.2 Sscrofa10.2 susScr3 Sscrofa10.2 9 135,960,436 - 135,968,442 (-) NCBI Sscrofa10.2 Sscrofa10.2 susScr3
GLUL Green Monkey Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source Genome Browsers JBrowse NCBI UCSC Ensembl ChlSab1.1 25 46,988,853 - 46,998,112 (+) NCBI ChlSab1.1 ChlSab1.1 chlSab2 ChlSab1.1 Ensembl 25 46,989,205 - 47,000,555 (+) Ensembl ChlSab1.1 ChlSab1.1 Ensembl chlSab2 Vero_WHO_p1.0 NW_023666055 48,207,460 - 48,216,850 (+) NCBI Vero_WHO_p1.0 Vero_WHO_p1.0
Glul
.
Predicted Target Of
Count of predictions: 540 Count of miRNA genes: 265 Interacting mature miRNAs: 321 Transcripts: ENSRNOT00000075480 Prediction methods: Microtar, Miranda, Rnahybrid Result types: miRGate_prediction
1298066 Bp159 Blood pressure QTL 159 0.004 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004) 13 46088046 91088046 Rat 10755495 Bp387 Blood pressure QTL 387 3.78 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004) 13 34663461 87525369 Rat 1354655 Bp241 Blood pressure QTL 241 3.9 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004) 13 56056920 101056920 Rat 70220 Bp55 Blood pressure QTL 55 5.75 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) blood pressure measurement (CMO:0000003) 13 37374509 82374509 Rat 71119 Thym2 Thymus enlargement QTL 2 3.8 thymus mass (VT:0004954) thymus weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000612) 13 46197976 84753113 Rat 61391 Bp5 Blood pressure QTL 5 5.6 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) diastolic blood pressure (CMO:0000005) 13 22301875 67301875 Rat 4889861 Pur29 Proteinuria QTL 29 13.8 0.005 urine total protein amount (VT:0000032) urine total protein excretion rate (CMO:0000756) 13 37415584 80753406 Rat 12879441 Bp396 Blood pressure QTL 396 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009) 13 45699983 90699983 Rat 2293687 Bss26 Bone structure and strength QTL 26 4.6 0.0001 femur morphology trait (VT:0000559) femur cross-sectional area (CMO:0001661) 13 65103704 106807694 Rat 619615 Bp80 Blood pressure QTL 80 0.0354 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004) 13 39754544 84754544 Rat 2303028 Bp329 Blood pressure QTL 329 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009) 13 58497872 73485113 Rat 1581570 Eae17 Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis QTL 17 4.1 nervous system integrity trait (VT:0010566) experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis incidence/prevalence measurement (CMO:0001046) 13 8897350 101631289 Rat 70170 Eae14 Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis QTL 14 0.0024 nervous system integrity trait (VT:0010566) experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis incidence/prevalence measurement (CMO:0001046) 13 23203448 68203448 Rat 61340 Bp25 Blood pressure QTL 25 4.2 0.004 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004) 13 34535218 79535218 Rat 1581573 Uae36 Urinary albumin excretion QTL 36 urine albumin amount (VT:0002871) urine albumin excretion rate (CMO:0000757) 13 5994833 77046787 Rat 1549897 Stresp12 Stress response QTL 12 3.35 stress-related behavior trait (VT:0010451) number of approaches toward negative stimulus before onset of defensive burying response (CMO:0001960) 13 38433408 83433408 Rat 724564 Uae11 Urinary albumin excretion QTL 11 5.7 urine albumin amount (VT:0002871) urine albumin level (CMO:0000130) 13 59492522 77046890 Rat 7207885 Glom27 Glomerulus QTL 27 3.9 kidney glomerulus integrity trait (VT:0010546) kidney crescentic glomeruli count to kidney normal glomeruli count ratio (CMO:0002139) 13 20605871 101339738 Rat 738026 Lnnr5 Liver neoplastic nodule remodeling QTL 5 3.29 liver integrity trait (VT:0010547) liver remodeling tumorous lesion number (CMO:0001461) 13 59874408 85581182 Rat 1558644 Cm45 Cardiac mass QTL 45 3.6 0.002 heart mass (VT:0007028) heart wet weight (CMO:0000069) 13 23692969 68692969 Rat 70181 BpQTLcluster11 Blood pressure QTL cluster 11 6.922 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) absolute change in mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000533) 13 31241331 93395974 Rat 2293702 Bss34 Bone structure and strength QTL 34 4.61 0.0001 femur strength trait (VT:0010010) femur midshaft polar moment of inertia (CMO:0001669) 13 65103704 106807694 Rat 61349 Bp31 Blood pressure QTL 31 5.75 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) blood pressure measurement (CMO:0000003) 13 37374509 82374509 Rat 2303563 Bw89 Body weight QTL 89 6 body mass (VT:0001259) body weight (CMO:0000012) 13 32284471 77284471 Rat 1354621 Rf47 Renal function QTL 47 3.7 kidney renin amount (VT:0010559) kidney renin level (CMO:0002166) 13 30395351 101056920 Rat 1581554 Pur11 Proteinuria QTL 11 urine albumin amount (VT:0002871) urine albumin excretion rate (CMO:0000757) 13 5994833 77046787 Rat 12879477 Bp401 Blood pressure QTL 401 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009) 13 37262092 82262092 Rat 1331750 Bp220 Blood pressure QTL 220 2.98 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) diastolic blood pressure (CMO:0000005) 13 37415584 82415584 Rat 6893338 Cm76 Cardiac mass QTL 76 0 0.99 heart mass (VT:0007028) heart weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000074) 13 23692969 68692969 Rat 1641901 Alcrsp6 Alcohol response QTL 6 response to alcohol trait (VT:0010489) duration of loss of righting reflex (CMO:0002289) 13 52362171 97362171 Rat 12879475 Bp400 Blood pressure QTL 400 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009) 13 61825626 106807694 Rat 1354666 Bp244 Blood pressure QTL 244 4.9 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004) 13 1 101056920 Rat
AA818930
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source JBrowse mRatBN7.2 13 66,034,584 - 66,034,799 (+) MAPPER mRatBN7.2 Rnor_6.0 13 71,339,993 - 71,340,208 NCBI Rnor6.0 Rnor_5.0 13 76,303,412 - 76,303,627 UniSTS Rnor5.0 Celera 13 65,931,816 - 65,932,064 UniSTS RH 3.4 Map 13 341.1 UniSTS Cytogenetic Map 13 q22 UniSTS
RH143873
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source JBrowse GRCr8 13 68,583,118 - 68,583,737 (+) Marker Load Pipeline mRatBN7.2 13 66,032,684 - 66,033,303 (+) MAPPER mRatBN7.2 Rnor_6.0 13 71,338,093 - 71,338,711 NCBI Rnor6.0 Rnor_5.0 13 76,301,512 - 76,302,130 UniSTS Rnor5.0 Celera 13 65,929,916 - 65,930,534 UniSTS RH 3.4 Map 13 358.3 UniSTS Cytogenetic Map 13 q22 UniSTS
RH138167
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source JBrowse GRCr8 12 37,483,858 - 37,483,985 (+) Marker Load Pipeline mRatBN7.2 12 31,822,868 - 31,822,995 (+) MAPPER mRatBN7.2 Rnor_6.0 12 37,237,627 - 37,237,753 NCBI Rnor6.0 Rnor_5.0 12 39,111,625 - 39,111,751 UniSTS Rnor5.0 RGSC_v3.4 12 32,924,378 - 32,924,504 UniSTS RGSC3.4 Celera 12 33,514,434 - 33,514,560 UniSTS RH 3.4 Map 12 565.0 UniSTS Cytogenetic Map 13 q22 UniSTS Cytogenetic Map 12 q15 UniSTS
RH140286
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source JBrowse GRCr8 13 68,584,284 - 68,584,476 (+) Marker Load Pipeline mRatBN7.2 13 66,033,850 - 66,034,042 (+) MAPPER mRatBN7.2 Rnor_6.0 13 71,339,259 - 71,339,450 NCBI Rnor6.0 Rnor_5.0 13 76,302,678 - 76,302,869 UniSTS Rnor5.0 Celera 13 65,931,082 - 65,931,273 UniSTS Cytogenetic Map 13 q22 UniSTS
Glul
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source JBrowse mRatBN7.2 13 66,033,468 - 66,034,467 (+) MAPPER mRatBN7.2 Rnor_6.0 13 71,338,877 - 71,339,875 NCBI Rnor6.0 Rnor_5.0 13 76,302,296 - 76,303,294 UniSTS Rnor5.0 Celera 13 65,930,700 - 65,931,698 UniSTS Cytogenetic Map 13 q22 UniSTS
Click on a value in the shaded box below the category label to view a detailed expression data table for that system.
alimentary part of gastrointestinal system
9
11
49
113
91
90
59
25
59
6
218
97
93
45
60
31
Too many to show, limit is 500. Download them if you would like to view them all.
Ensembl Acc Id:
ENSRNOT00000075480 ⟹ ENSRNOP00000065890
Type:
CODING
Position:
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source mRatBN7.2 Ensembl 13 66,025,907 - 66,035,108 (+) Ensembl Rnor_6.0 Ensembl 13 71,331,052 - 71,340,229 (+) Ensembl
Ensembl Acc Id:
ENSRNOT00000118700 ⟹ ENSRNOP00000078038
Type:
CODING
Position:
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source mRatBN7.2 Ensembl 13 66,025,630 - 66,033,692 (+) Ensembl
RefSeq Acc Id:
NM_001393804 ⟹ NP_001380733
RefSeq Status:
VALIDATED
Type:
CODING
Position:
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source GRCr8 13 68,519,500 - 68,585,319 (+) NCBI mRatBN7.2 13 65,969,053 - 66,034,885 (+) NCBI
RefSeq Acc Id:
NM_017073 ⟹ NP_058769
RefSeq Status:
VALIDATED
Type:
CODING
Position:
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source GRCr8 13 68,576,066 - 68,585,319 (+) NCBI mRatBN7.2 13 66,025,629 - 66,034,885 (+) NCBI Rnor_6.0 13 71,331,052 - 71,340,207 (+) NCBI Rnor_5.0 13 76,294,471 - 76,303,626 (+) NCBI Celera 13 65,922,875 - 65,932,149 (+) RGD
Sequence:
ATGGGAGTAGGGCGGAGTGTTTGAGCAGCACACCCATTTCCTCTCCGCTCTTCGTCTCGTTCTCGTGGCCTGTCCACCCATCCATCATCCTGCCGGCCACCGCTCTGAACACCTTCCACCATGGCCAC
hide sequence
RefSeq Acc Id:
XM_039090367 ⟹ XP_038946295
Type:
CODING
Position:
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source GRCr8 13 68,576,849 - 68,585,554 (+) NCBI mRatBN7.2 13 66,026,240 - 66,035,121 (+) NCBI
RefSeq Acc Id:
XM_039090368 ⟹ XP_038946296
Type:
CODING
Position:
Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source GRCr8 13 68,576,536 - 68,585,554 (+) NCBI mRatBN7.2 13 66,025,954 - 66,035,121 (+) NCBI
RefSeq Acc Id:
NP_058769 ⟸ NM_017073
- UniProtKB:
Q6P7Q9 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot), P09606 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot), A6ICW8 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL), A0A8I5Y1V3 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
- Sequence:
MATSASSHLNKGIKQMYMNLPQGEKIQLMYIWVDGTGEGLRCKTRTLDCDPKCVEELPEWNFDGSSTFQSEGSNSDMYLHPVAMFRDPFRRDPNKLVFCEVFKYNRKPAETNLRHSCKRIMDMVSSQH
hide sequence
Ensembl Acc Id:
ENSRNOP00000065890 ⟸ ENSRNOT00000075480
RefSeq Acc Id:
XP_038946296 ⟸ XM_039090368
- Peptide Label:
isoform X2
RefSeq Acc Id:
XP_038946295 ⟸ XM_039090367
- Peptide Label:
isoform X1
- UniProtKB:
A0A8L2QX10 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL), A0A8I5Y1V3 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
Ensembl Acc Id:
ENSRNOP00000078038 ⟸ ENSRNOT00000118700
RefSeq Acc Id:
NP_001380733 ⟸ NM_001393804
- UniProtKB:
P09606 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot), Q6P7Q9 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot), A6ICW8 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL), A0A8I5Y1V3 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
RGD ID: 13698902 Promoter ID: EPDNEW_R9427 Type: single initiation site Name: Glul_1 Description: glutamate-ammonia ligase SO ACC ID: SO:0000170 Source: EPDNEW (Eukaryotic Promoter Database, http://epd.vital-it.ch/ ) Experiment Methods: Single-end sequencing. Position: Rat Assembly Chr Position (strand) Source Rnor_6.0 13 71,331,040 - 71,331,100 EPDNEW
Date
Current Symbol
Current Name
Previous Symbol
Previous Name
Description
Reference
Status
2011-08-02
Glul
glutamate-ammonia ligase
Glul
glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthetase)
Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature
1299863 APPROVED
2008-02-18
Glul
glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthetase)
Glul
glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthase)
Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature
1299863 APPROVED
2005-11-17
Glul
glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthase)
Name updated
1299863 APPROVED
2004-09-10
Glul
glutamine synthetase 1
Glns
Symbol and Name updated
1299863 APPROVED
2002-11-06
Glns
glutamine synthetase 1
Glul
Glutamine synthetase (glutamate-ammonia ligase)
Symbol and Name updated
625702 APPROVED
2002-06-10
Glul
Glutamine synthetase (glutamate-ammonia ligase)
Symbol and Name status set to approved
70586 APPROVED
Note Type
Note
Reference
gene_expression
expressed in hepatoma cells after glucocorticoid administration
632693
gene_expression
expressed in the hepatoma cell line FAO
625554
gene_regulation
activity is medaited by glucocorticoids at the posttranscriptional level
632693
gene_regulation
induced by glucocorticoid treatment
625554
gene_transcript
a glucocorticoid response element is located within the first intron and has a protein half life of 4-5 days in normal liver and brain
625554
