Gria2 (glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2) - Rat Genome Database

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Gene: Gria2 (glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2) Rattus norvegicus
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Symbol: Gria2
Name: glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2
RGD ID: 61862
Description: Enables several functions, including PDZ domain binding activity; amyloid-beta binding activity; and ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulus; cellular response to glycine; and modulation of chemical synaptic transmission. Located in several cellular components, including asymmetric synapse; dendrite; and distal axon. Part of AMPA glutamate receptor complex. Is active in Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse; glutamatergic synapse; and synaptic membrane. Used to study amphetamine abuse; cannabis abuse; cocaine dependence; and morphine dependence. Biomarker of alcohol use disorder; heroin dependence; and status epilepticus. Orthologous to human GRIA2 (glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2); PARTICIPATES IN N-cadherin signaling pathway; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathway; glutamate signaling pathway; INTERACTS WITH (+)-pilocarpine; (-)-anisomycin; (S)-AMPA.
Type: protein-coding
RefSeq Status: REVIEWED
Previously known as: AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 2; GluA2; gluR-B; GluR-K2; GluR2; glutamate receptor 2; glutamate receptor B; glutamate receptor ionotropic AMPA2 (alpha 2); glutamate receptor, ionotropic, 2; glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2; glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA2; glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA2 (alpha 2)
RGD Orthologs
Human
Mouse
Chinchilla
Bonobo
Dog
Squirrel
Pig
Green Monkey
Naked Mole-Rat
Black Rat
Alliance Orthologs
More Info more info ...
Latest Assembly: GRCr8 - GRCr8 Assembly
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCr82168,247,490 - 168,367,616 (-)NCBIGRCr8GRCr8GRCr8
GRCr8 Ensembl2168,247,496 - 168,367,616 (-)EnsemblGRCr8
mRatBN7.22165,949,379 - 166,069,510 (-)NCBImRatBN7.2mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl2165,947,521 - 166,069,510 (-)EnsemblmRatBN7.2
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx2173,141,275 - 173,261,498 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHR_UtxUTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.02171,155,659 - 171,275,864 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.02165,764,515 - 165,884,705 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.02179,584,302 - 179,704,629 (-)NCBIRnor_6.0Rnor_6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl2179,584,308 - 179,704,629 (-)Ensemblrn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.02198,991,672 - 199,113,059 (-)NCBIRnor_5.0Rnor_5.0rn5
RGSC_v3.42172,265,155 - 172,385,285 (-)NCBIRGSC_v3.4RGSC_v3.4rn4
Celera2159,991,989 - 160,110,044 (-)NCBICelera
RGSC_v3.12172,216,247 - 172,335,391 (-)NCBI
Cytogenetic Map2q33NCBI
JBrowse:




Gene-Chemical Interaction Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View
(+)-pilocarpine  (EXP)
(-)-anisomycin  (EXP)
(S)-AMPA  (EXP)
1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-(5-nitro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)urea  (EXP)
1-Naphthylacetylspermine  (EXP)
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine  (ISO)
2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid  (EXP)
3',5'-cyclic AMP  (ISO)
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine  (ISO)
3-nitropropanoic acid  (EXP)
6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione  (EXP)
6-propyl-2-thiouracil  (EXP)
acrylamide  (EXP)
aflatoxin B1  (EXP)
aldehydo-D-glucose  (EXP)
all-trans-retinoic acid  (ISO)
ammonium chloride  (EXP)
amphetamine  (EXP)
androgen antagonist  (EXP)
antimycin A  (ISO)
arotinoid acid  (ISO)
arsane  (ISO)
arsenic acid  (EXP)
arsenic atom  (ISO)
arsenite(3-)  (ISO)
arsenous acid  (ISO)
azoxystrobin  (ISO)
Bay-K-8644  (ISO)
benzo[a]pyrene  (EXP,ISO)
benzoates  (EXP)
bicuculline  (EXP,ISO)
bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate  (EXP)
bisphenol A  (EXP,ISO)
bleomycin A2  (EXP)
Butylparaben  (EXP)
calcium atom  (EXP)
calcium(0)  (EXP)
cannabidiol  (ISO)
carbofuran  (EXP)
celecoxib  (ISO)
CGP 52608  (ISO)
CHIR 99021  (ISO)
chlorpyrifos  (EXP)
Citreoviridin  (ISO)
cocaine  (EXP,ISO)
cortisol  (ISO)
Cuprizon  (EXP)
cyclosporin A  (ISO)
cytarabine  (ISO)
D-glucose  (EXP)
DDE  (EXP)
deguelin  (ISO)
Diacetoxyscirpenol  (ISO)
diarsenic trioxide  (ISO)
diazinon  (EXP)
dibutyl phthalate  (EXP)
dieldrin  (EXP)
diethylstilbestrol  (EXP)
dimethylarsinic acid  (EXP)
dithionite(2-)  (EXP)
dopamine  (EXP)
dorsomorphin  (ISO)
elemental selenium  (ISO)
enzacamene  (EXP)
epoxiconazole  (EXP)
ethanol  (EXP,ISO)
fenvalerate  (EXP)
fluoxetine  (EXP)
folic acid  (ISO)
gamma-tocopherol  (ISO)
genistein  (EXP,ISO)
glucose  (EXP)
HU-210  (EXP)
Ibudilast  (EXP)
ivermectin  (ISO)
kainic acid  (EXP,ISO)
ketamine  (ISO)
L-ascorbic acid  (ISO)
L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate  (ISO)
lactacystin  (EXP)
lead diacetate  (EXP,ISO)
lead(0)  (EXP)
linuron  (EXP)
lithium atom  (EXP)
lithium hydride  (EXP)
methamphetamine  (EXP)
methoxychlor  (EXP)
miconazole  (ISO)
monosodium L-glutamate  (EXP,ISO)
morphine  (EXP)
N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal  (EXP)
N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium  (ISO)
nickel atom  (ISO)
ochratoxin A  (EXP)
okadaic acid  (ISO)
olanzapine  (EXP)
oxidopamine  (EXP)
paracetamol  (EXP)
paraquat  (EXP)
pentobarbital  (ISO)
perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid  (EXP)
phenobarbital  (ISO)
picoxystrobin  (ISO)
prochloraz  (EXP)
procymidone  (EXP)
propofol  (EXP)
pyrimidifen  (ISO)
quinpirole  (ISO)
rotenone  (ISO)
sarin  (EXP)
SB 203580  (EXP)
SB 431542  (ISO)
selenium atom  (ISO)
sevoflurane  (ISO)
silver atom  (ISO)
silver(0)  (ISO)
sodium arsenite  (EXP,ISO)
sodium fluoride  (EXP,ISO)
sterigmatocystin  (EXP)
sulfur dioxide  (EXP)
T-2 toxin  (ISO)
tadalafil  (ISO)
tebufenpyrad  (ISO)
tetrodotoxin  (EXP,ISO)
Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate  (ISO)
thifluzamide  (ISO)
thioacetamide  (ISO)
thiopental  (ISO)
tocopherol  (ISO)
toluene  (EXP)
topiramate  (EXP)
tributylstannane  (EXP)
trichostatin A  (ISO)
U0126  (EXP)
urethane  (EXP)
valproic acid  (EXP,ISO)
vinclozolin  (EXP)
vitamin E  (ISO)
vorinostat  (ISO)
WIN 55212-2  (EXP)
XAV939  (ISO)

Gene Ontology Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View

Molecular Pathway Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View
Phenotype Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View
References

References - curated
# Reference Title Reference Citation
1. Mechanism of AMPA receptor activation by partial agonists: disulfide trapping of closed lobe conformations. Ahmed AH, etal., J Biol Chem. 2011 Oct 7;286(40):35257-66. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.269001. Epub 2011 Aug 16.
2. Co-localization of AMPA receptor subunits in the nucleus of the solitary tract in the rat. Aicher SA, etal., Brain Res 2002 Dec 27;958(2):454-8.
3. Synaptotagmin-3 drives AMPA receptor endocytosis, depression of synapse strength, and forgetting. Awasthi A, etal., Science. 2019 Jan 4;363(6422). pii: science.aav1483. doi: 10.1126/science.aav1483. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
4. Neonatal ethanol exposure reduces AMPA but not NMDA receptor levels in the rat neocortex. Bellinger FP, etal., Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 2002 May 30;136(1):77-84. doi: 10.1016/s0165-3806(02)00363-2.
5. Impaired ILK Function Is Associated with Deficits in Hippocampal Based Memory and Synaptic Plasticity in a FASD Rat Model. Bhattacharya D, etal., PLoS One. 2015 Aug 25;10(8):e0135700. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135700. eCollection 2015.
6. Molecular cloning and functional expression of glutamate receptor subunit genes. Boulter J, etal., Science 1990 Aug 31;249(4972):1033-7.
7. Nucleus accumbens long-term depression and the expression of behavioral sensitization. Brebner K, etal., Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1340-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1116894.
8. Early-onset epilepsy and postnatal lethality associated with an editing-deficient GluR-B allele in mice. Brusa R, etal., Science 1995 Dec 8;270(5242):1677-80.
9. Cryo-EM structures of the ionotropic glutamate receptor GluD1 reveal a non-swapped architecture. Burada AP, etal., Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2020 Jan;27(1):84-91. doi: 10.1038/s41594-019-0359-y. Epub 2020 Jan 10.
10. mGluR and NMDAR activation internalize distinct populations of AMPARs. Casimiro TM, etal., Mol Cell Neurosci. 2011 Oct;48(2):161-70. doi: 10.1016/j.mcn.2011.07.007. Epub 2011 Jul 23.
11. PIKE-mediated PI3-kinase activity is required for AMPA receptor surface expression. Chan CB, etal., EMBO J. 2011 Aug 16;30(20):4274-86. doi: 10.1038/emboj.2011.281.
12. Energetics of glutamate receptor ligand binding domain dimer assembly are modulated by allosteric ions. Chaudhry C, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jul 28;106(30):12329-34. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0904175106. Epub 2009 Jul 15.
13. X-ray structures of AMPA receptor-cone snail toxin complexes illuminate activation mechanism. Chen L, etal., Science. 2014 Aug 29;345(6200):1021-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1258409. Epub 2014 Aug 7.
14. Phosphorylation of the AMPA receptor subunit GluR2 differentially regulates its interaction with PDZ domain-containing proteins. Chung HJ, etal., J Neurosci. 2000 Oct 1;20(19):7258-67.
15. Differential palmitoylation directs the AMPA receptor-binding protein ABP to spines or to intracellular clusters. DeSouza S, etal., J Neurosci 2002 May 1;22(9):3493-503.
16. The protein kinase C alpha binding protein PICK1 interacts with short but not long form alternative splice variants of AMPA receptor subunits. Dev KK, etal., Neuropharmacology. 1999 May;38(5):635-44.
17. PICK1-mediated glutamate receptor subunit 2 (GluR2) trafficking contributes to cell death in oxygen/glucose-deprived hippocampal neurons. Dixon RM, etal., J Biol Chem. 2009 May 22;284(21):14230-5. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M901203200. Epub 2009 Mar 25.
18. GRIP: a synaptic PDZ domain-containing protein that interacts with AMPA receptors. Dong H, etal., Nature 1997 Mar 20;386(6622):279-84.
19. Modulation of synaptic plasticity by antimanic agents: the role of AMPA glutamate receptor subunit 1 synaptic expression. Du J, etal., J Neurosci. 2004 Jul 21;24(29):6578-89.
20. Serine phosphorylation of ephrinB2 regulates trafficking of synaptic AMPA receptors. Essmann CL, etal., Nat Neurosci. 2008 Sep;11(9):1035-43. doi: 10.1038/nn.2171.
21. Plk2 attachment to NSF induces homeostatic removal of GluA2 during chronic overexcitation. Evers DM, etal., Nat Neurosci. 2010 Oct;13(10):1199-207. doi: 10.1038/nn.2624. Epub 2010 Aug 29.
22. Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Exposure Selectively Increases Synaptic Excitability in the Ventral Domain of the Rat Hippocampus. Ewin SE, etal., Neuroscience. 2019 Feb 1;398:144-157. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.11.028. Epub 2018 Nov 24.
23. Ultrastructural localisation and differential agonist-induced regulation of AMPA and kainate receptors present at the presynaptic active zone and postsynaptic density. Feligioni M, etal., J Neurochem. 2006 Oct;99(2):549-60. Epub 2006 Aug 11.
24. Presynaptic localization of an AMPA-type glutamate receptor in corticostriatal and thalamostriatal axon terminals. Fujiyama F, etal., Eur J Neurosci. 2004 Dec;20(12):3322-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03807.x.
25. Activity-dependent synaptic GRIP1 accumulation drives synaptic scaling up in response to action potential blockade. Gainey MA, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Jul 7;112(27):E3590-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1510754112. Epub 2015 Jun 24.
26. Effects of early life stress on cocaine conditioning and AMPA receptor composition are sex-specific and driven by TNF. Ganguly P, etal., Brain Behav Immun. 2019 May;78:41-51. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.01.006. Epub 2019 Jan 14.
27. Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Gaudet P, etal., Brief Bioinform. 2011 Sep;12(5):449-62. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbr042. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
28. Rat ISS GO annotations from GOA human gene data--August 2006 GOA data from the GO Consortium
29. Glutamate stimulates glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 degradation by ubiquitin-proteasome system to regulate surface expression of GluR2. Guo L and Wang Y, Neuroscience. 2007 Mar 2;145(1):100-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.11.042. Epub 2007 Jan 3.
30. Presynaptic PICK1 facilitates trafficking of AMPA-receptors between active zone and synaptic vesicle pool. Haglerød C, etal., Neuroscience. 2017 Mar 6;344:102-112. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.12.042. Epub 2017 Jan 3.
31. Excess of de novo deleterious mutations in genes associated with glutamatergic systems in nonsyndromic intellectual disability. Hamdan FF, etal., Am J Hum Genet. 2011 Mar 11;88(3):306-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.02.001. Epub 2011 Mar 3.
32. NSF ATPase and alpha-/beta-SNAPs disassemble the AMPA receptor-PICK1 complex. Hanley JG, etal., Neuron 2002 Mar 28;34(1):53-67.
33. Differential roles of GRIP1a and GRIP1b in AMPA receptor trafficking. Hanley LJ and Henley JM, Neurosci Lett. 2010 Nov 26;485(3):167-72. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.09.003. Epub 2010 Sep 17.
34. Differential synaptic localization of the glutamate transporter EAAC1 and glutamate receptor subunit GluR2 in the rat hippocampus. He Y, etal., J Comp Neurol. 2000 Mar 13;418(3):255-69.
35. Structure and organization of heteromeric AMPA-type glutamate receptors. Herguedas B, etal., Science. 2016 Apr 29;352(6285):aad3873. doi: 10.1126/science.aad3873. Epub 2016 Mar 10.
36. Architecture of the heteromeric GluA1/2 AMPA receptor in complex with the auxiliary subunit TARP γ8. Herguedas B, etal., Science. 2019 Apr 26;364(6438):eaav9011. doi: 10.1126/science.aav9011. Epub 2019 Mar 14.
37. The PDZ proteins PICK1, GRIP, and syntenin bind multiple glutamate receptor subtypes. Analysis of PDZ binding motifs. Hirbec H, etal., J Biol Chem. 2002 May 3;277(18):15221-4. Epub 2002 Mar 12.
38. GRIP1 controls dendrite morphogenesis by regulating EphB receptor trafficking. Hoogenraad CC, etal., Nat Neurosci. 2005 Jul;8(7):906-15. doi: 10.1038/nn1487.
39. Altered histone acetylation at glutamate receptor 2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor genes is an early event triggered by status epilepticus. Huang Y, etal., J Neurosci 2002 Oct 1;22(19):8422-8.
40. Identification of a site in glutamate receptor subunits that controls calcium permeability. Hume RI, etal., Science. 1991 Aug 30;253(5023):1028-31. doi: 10.1126/science.1653450.
41. Sorting Nexin 27 regulates basal and activity-dependent trafficking of AMPARs. Hussain NK, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Aug 12;111(32):11840-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1412415111. Epub 2014 Jul 28.
42. rDLG6: a novel homolog of Drosophila DLG expressed in rat brain. Inagaki H, etal., Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999 Nov 19;265(2):462-8.
43. Direct association of the unique C-terminal tail of transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein gamma-8 with calcineurin. Itakura M, etal., FEBS J. 2014 Mar;281(5):1366-78. doi: 10.1111/febs.12708. Epub 2014 Jan 27.
44. PICK1 mediates transient synaptic expression of GluA2-lacking AMPA receptors during glycine-induced AMPA receptor trafficking. Jaafari N, etal., J Neurosci. 2012 Aug 22;32(34):11618-30. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5068-11.2012.
45. Synaptic adhesion molecule IgSF11 regulates synaptic transmission and plasticity. Jang S, etal., Nat Neurosci. 2016 Jan;19(1):84-93. doi: 10.1038/nn.4176. Epub 2015 Nov 23.
46. Voltage and concentration dependence of Ca(2+) permeability in recombinant glutamate receptor subtypes. Jatzke C, etal., J Physiol. 2002 Jan 1;538(Pt 1):25-39. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2001.012897.
47. CaMKII-dependent dendrite ramification and spine generation promote spatial training-induced memory improvement in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Jiang X, etal., Neurobiol Aging. 2015 Feb;36(2):867-76. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.10.018. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
48. Crystal structure and association behaviour of the GluR2 amino-terminal domain. Jin R, etal., EMBO J. 2009 Jun 17;28(12):1812-23. doi: 10.1038/emboj.2009.140. Epub 2009 May 21.
49. The mGluR2 positive allosteric modulator BINA decreases cocaine self-administration and cue-induced cocaine-seeking and counteracts cocaine-induced enhancement of brain reward function in rats. Jin X, etal., Neuropsychopharmacology. 2010 Sep;35(10):2021-36. doi: 10.1038/npp.2010.82. Epub 2010 Jun 16.
50. Assembly of a beta2-adrenergic receptor--GluR1 signalling complex for localized cAMP signalling. Joiner ML, etal., EMBO J. 2010 Jan 20;29(2):482-95. Epub 2009 Nov 26.
51. Acute BDNF treatment upregulates GluR1-SAP97 and GluR2-GRIP1 interactions: implications for sustained AMPA receptor expression. Jourdi H and Kabbaj M, PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e57124. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057124. Epub 2013 Feb 27.
52. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signal enhances and maintains the expression of AMPA receptor-associated PDZ proteins in developing cortical neurons. Jourdi H, etal., Dev Biol. 2003 Nov 15;263(2):216-30. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2003.07.008.
53. Molecular determinants for the interaction between AMPA receptors and the clathrin adaptor complex AP-2. Kastning K, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 20;104(8):2991-6. Epub 2007 Feb 8.
54. AMPA receptor subunit-specific regulation by a distinct family of type II TARPs. Kato AS, etal., Neuron. 2008 Sep 25;59(6):986-96. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.07.034.
55. Hippocampal AMPA receptor gating controlled by both TARP and cornichon proteins. Kato AS, etal., Neuron. 2010 Dec 22;68(6):1082-96. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.026.
56. A family of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors. Keinanen K, etal., Science 1990 Aug 3;249(4968):556-60.
57. Interaction between liprin-alpha and GIT1 is required for AMPA receptor targeting. Ko J, etal., J Neurosci. 2003 Mar 1;23(5):1667-77.
58. Regulation of kinetic properties of GluR2 AMPA receptor channels by alternative splicing. Koike M, etal., J Neurosci. 2000 Mar 15;20(6):2166-74.
59. L-Asp is a useful tool in the purification of the ionotropic glutamate receptor A2 ligand-binding domain. Krintel C, etal., FEBS J. 2014 May;281(10):2422-30. doi: 10.1111/febs.12795. Epub 2014 Apr 17.
60. CIPP, a novel multivalent PDZ domain protein, selectively interacts with Kir4.0 family members, NMDA receptor subunits, neurexins, and neuroligins. Kurschner C, etal., Mol Cell Neurosci. 1998 Jun;11(3):161-72.
61. Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors occur at postsynaptic densities of AMPA receptor-positive and -negative excitatory synapses in rat sensory cortex. Levy RB and Aoki C, J Neurosci. 2002 Jun 15;22(12):5001-15.
62. Distinct molecular mechanisms and divergent endocytotic pathways of AMPA receptor internalization. Lin JW, etal., Nat Neurosci. 2000 Dec;3(12):1282-90.
63. Involvement of myosin Vb in glutamate receptor trafficking. Lise MF, etal., J Biol Chem. 2006 Feb 10;281(6):3669-78. Epub 2005 Dec 7.
64. Synaptic neurotransmission depression in ventral tegmental dopamine neurons and cannabinoid-associated addictive learning. Liu Z, etal., PLoS One. 2010 Dec 20;5(12):e15634. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015634.
65. Ionotropic glutamate receptors are expressed in GABAergic terminals in the rat superficial dorsal horn. Lu CR, etal., J Comp Neurol. 2005 May 30;486(2):169-78.
66. PICK1 interacts with ABP/GRIP to regulate AMPA receptor trafficking. Lu W and Ziff EB, Neuron. 2005 Aug 4;47(3):407-21.
67. The structure and function of glutamate receptor ion channels. Madden DR Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002 Feb;3(2):91-101.
68. GRIP1 and 2 regulate activity-dependent AMPA receptor recycling via exocyst complex interactions. Mao L, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Nov 2;107(44):19038-43. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1013494107. Epub 2010 Oct 18.
69. Disruption of AMPA receptor GluR2 clusters following long-term depression induction in cerebellar Purkinje neurons. Matsuda S, etal., EMBO J. 2000 Jun 15;19(12):2765-74. doi: 10.1093/emboj/19.12.2765.
70. Structural mechanism of glutamate receptor activation and desensitization. Meyerson JR, etal., Nature. 2014 Oct 16;514(7522):328-34. doi: 10.1038/nature13603. Epub 2014 Aug 3.
71. Rat ISS GO annotations from MGI mouse gene data--August 2006 MGD data from the GO Consortium
72. Generation of lentiviral transgenic rats expressing glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 (GRIP1) in brain, spinal cord and testis. Nakagawa T, etal., J Neurosci Methods. 2006 Apr 15;152(1-2):1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.08.001. Epub 2005 Sep 12.
73. A family of glutamate receptor genes: evidence for the formation of heteromultimeric receptors with distinct channel properties. Nakanishi N, etal., Neuron 1990 Nov;5(5):569-81.
74. Long-term exposure to endogenous levels of tributyltin decreases GluR2 expression and increases neuronal vulnerability to glutamate. Nakatsu Y, etal., Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Oct 15;240(2):292-8. Epub 2009 Jul 7.
75. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulates surface expression of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionic acid receptors by enhancing the N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor/GluR2 interaction in developing neocortical neurons. Narisawa-Saito M, etal., J Biol Chem. 2002 Oct 25;277(43):40901-10. Epub 2002 Jul 18.
76. Electronic Transfer of LocusLink and RefSeq Data NCBI rat LocusLink and RefSeq merged data July 26, 2002
77. NSF binding to GluR2 regulates synaptic transmission. Nishimune A, etal., Neuron. 1998 Jul;21(1):87-97.
78. The aniracetam metabolite 2-pyrrolidinone induces a long-term enhancement in AMPA receptor responses via a CaMKII pathway. Nishizaki T and Matsumura T, Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2002 Jan 31;98(1-2):130-4.
79. The AMPA receptor GluR2 C terminus can mediate a reversible, ATP-dependent interaction with NSF and alpha- and beta-SNAPs. Osten P, etal., Neuron. 1998 Jul;21(1):99-110. doi: 10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80518-8.
80. Clustering and synaptic targeting of PICK1 requires direct interaction between the PDZ domain and lipid membranes. Pan L, etal., EMBO J. 2007 Oct 31;26(21):4576-87. Epub 2007 Oct 4.
81. LTP inhibits LTD in the hippocampus via regulation of GSK3beta. Peineau S, etal., Neuron. 2007 Mar 1;53(5):703-17.
82. KEGG Annotation Import Pipeline Pipeline to import KEGG annotations from KEGG into RGD
83. PID Annotation Import Pipeline Pipeline to import Pathway Interaction Database annotations from NCI into RGD
84. MPP2 is a postsynaptic MAGUK scaffold protein that links SynCAM1 cell adhesion molecules to core components of the postsynaptic density. Rademacher N, etal., Sci Rep. 2016 Oct 19;6:35283. doi: 10.1038/srep35283.
85. Distribution of NMDA and AMPA receptor subunits at thalamo-amygdaloid dendritic spines. Radley JJ, etal., Brain Res. 2007 Feb 23;1134(1):87-94. Epub 2007 Jan 17.
86. BDNF contributes to both rapid and homeostatic alterations in AMPA receptor surface expression in nucleus accumbens medium spiny neurons. Reimers JM, etal., Eur J Neurosci. 2014 Apr;39(7):1159-69. doi: 10.1111/ejn.12422.
87. ClinVar Automated Import and Annotation Pipeline RGD automated import pipeline for ClinVar variants, variant-to-disease annotations and gene-to-disease annotations
88. Data Import for Chemical-Gene Interactions RGD automated import pipeline for gene-chemical interactions
89. Inhibition of Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization by PICK1 regulates neuronal morphology and AMPA receptor endocytosis. Rocca DL, etal., Nat Cell Biol. 2008 Mar;10(3):259-71. doi: 10.1038/ncb1688. Epub 2008 Feb 24.
90. Subunit-selective N-terminal domain associations organize the formation of AMPA receptor heteromers. Rossmann M, etal., EMBO J. 2011 Mar 2;30(5):959-71. doi: 10.1038/emboj.2011.16. Epub 2011 Feb 11.
91. Regulated delivery of AMPA receptor subunits to the presynaptic membrane. Schenk U, etal., EMBO J 2003 Feb 3;22(3):558-68.
92. ADAR2-dependent GluA2 editing regulates cocaine seeking. Schmidt HD, etal., Mol Psychiatry. 2015 Nov;20(11):1460-6. doi: 10.1038/mp.2014.134. Epub 2014 Oct 28.
93. Functional proteomics identify cornichon proteins as auxiliary subunits of AMPA receptors. Schwenk J, etal., Science. 2009 Mar 6;323(5919):1313-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1167852.
94. The cell biology of synaptic plasticity: AMPA receptor trafficking. Shepherd JD and Huganir RL, Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2007;23:613-43. doi: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.23.090506.123516.
95. Subunit-specific rules governing AMPA receptor trafficking to synapses in hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Shi S, etal., Cell. 2001 May 4;105(3):331-43.
96. X-ray structure, symmetry and mechanism of an AMPA-subtype glutamate receptor. Sobolevsky AI, etal., Nature. 2009 Dec 10;462(7274):745-56. doi: 10.1038/nature08624. Epub .
97. Flip and flop: a cell-specific functional switch in glutamate-operated channels of the CNS. Sommer B, etal., Science 1990 Sep 28;249(4976):1580-5.
98. Selective regulation of long-form calcium-permeable AMPA receptors by an atypical TARP, gamma-5. Soto D, etal., Nat Neurosci. 2009 Mar;12(3):277-85. doi: 10.1038/nn.2266. Epub 2009 Feb 22.
99. Novel anchorage of GluR2/3 to the postsynaptic density by the AMPA receptor-binding protein ABP. Srivastava S, etal., Neuron 1998 Sep;21(3):581-91.
100. Impact of combined prenatal ethanol and prenatal stress exposures on markers of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in rat dentate gyrus. Staples MC, etal., Alcohol. 2014 Sep;48(6):523-32. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.06.006. Epub 2014 Jul 25.
101. Interactions between NEEP21, GRIP1 and GluR2 regulate sorting and recycling of the glutamate receptor subunit GluR2. Steiner P, etal., EMBO J. 2005 Aug 17;24(16):2873-84. Epub 2005 Jul 21.
102. Nucleus accumbens neurons exhibit synaptic scaling that is occluded by repeated dopamine pre-exposure. Sun X and Wolf ME, Eur J Neurosci. 2009 Aug;30(4):539-50. Epub 2009 Aug 7.
103. Extinction-induced upregulation in AMPA receptors reduces cocaine-seeking behaviour. Sutton MA, etal., Nature 2003 Jan 2;421(6918):70-5.
104. GRIP1 is required for homeostatic regulation of AMPAR trafficking. Tan HL, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Aug 11;112(32):10026-31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1512786112. Epub 2015 Jul 27.
105. GRIP1 regulates synaptic plasticity and learning and memory. Tan HL, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Oct 6;117(40):25085-25091. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2014827117. Epub 2020 Sep 18.
106. Tentative Sequence Identification Numbers Tentative Sequence Data IDs. TIGR Gene Index, Rat Data
107. Rapid and bi-directional regulation of AMPA receptor phosphorylation and trafficking by JNK. Thomas GM, etal., EMBO J. 2008 Jan 23;27(2):361-72. doi: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601969. Epub 2008 Jan 10.
108. Identification of a small-molecule inhibitor of the PICK1 PDZ domain that inhibits hippocampal LTP and LTD. Thorsen TS, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jan 5;107(1):413-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0902225107. Epub 2009 Dec 14.
109. Astrocytes regulate GluR2 expression in motor neurons and their vulnerability to excitotoxicity. Van Damme P, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Sep 11;104(37):14825-30. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0705046104. Epub 2007 Sep 5.
110. Prefrontal cortex AMPA receptor plasticity is crucial for cue-induced relapse to heroin-seeking. Van den Oever MC, etal., Nat Neurosci. 2008 Sep;11(9):1053-8. doi: 10.1038/nn.2165.
111. Role of Glutamatergic Projections from the Ventral CA1 to Infralimbic Cortex in Context-Induced Reinstatement of Heroin Seeking. Wang N, etal., Neuropsychopharmacology. 2018 May;43(6):1373-1384. doi: 10.1038/npp.2017.279. Epub 2017 Nov 14.
112. Identification of immunoglobulin superfamily 11 (IGSF11) as a novel target for cancer immunotherapy of gastrointestinal and hepatocellular carcinomas. Watanabe T, etal., Cancer Sci. 2005 Aug;96(8):498-506. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00073.x.
113. Association of AMPA receptors with a subset of glutamate receptor-interacting protein in vivo. Wyszynski M, etal., J Neurosci 1999 Aug 1;19(15):6528-37.
114. Interaction between GRIP and liprin-alpha/SYD2 is required for AMPA receptor targeting. Wyszynski M, etal., Neuron 2002 Mar 28;34(1):39-52.
115. Clustering of AMPA receptors by the synaptic PDZ domain-containing protein PICK1. Xia J, etal., Neuron 1999 Jan;22(1):179-87.
116. Crystal structure of the glutamate receptor GluA1 N-terminal domain. Yao G, etal., Biochem J. 2011 Sep 1;438(2):255-63. doi: 10.1042/BJ20110801.
117. GRASP-1: a neuronal RasGEF associated with the AMPA receptor/GRIP complex. Ye B, etal., Neuron 2000 Jun;26(3):603-17.
118. Structure of an agonist-bound ionotropic glutamate receptor. Yelshanskaya MV, etal., Science. 2014 Aug 29;345(6200):1070-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1256508. Epub 2014 Aug 7.
119. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the AMPA receptor subunit GluA2 gates homeostatic synaptic plasticity. Yong AJH, etal., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Mar 3;117(9):4948-4958. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1918436117. Epub 2020 Feb 18.
120. Intravenous Injection of GluR2-3Y Inhibits Repeated Morphine-Primed Reinstatement of Drug Seeking in Rats. Zhang J, etal., Brain Sci. 2023 Mar 31;13(4):590. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13040590.
121. The AAA+ ATPase Thorase regulates AMPA receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity and behavior. Zhang J, etal., Cell. 2011 Apr 15;145(2):284-99. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.03.016.
122. Inhibition of calcineurin-mediated endocytosis and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors prevents amyloid beta oligomer-induced synaptic disruption. Zhao WQ, etal., J Biol Chem. 2010 Mar 5;285(10):7619-32. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.057182. Epub 2009 Dec 23.
123. Architecture and subunit arrangement of native AMPA receptors elucidated by cryo-EM. Zhao Y, etal., Science. 2019 Apr 26;364(6438):355-362. doi: 10.1126/science.aaw8250. Epub 2019 Apr 11.
Additional References at PubMed
PMID:1309749   PMID:7545935   PMID:7992055   PMID:8552236   PMID:8848293   PMID:9351977   PMID:9712644   PMID:9804426   PMID:10688364   PMID:12050666   PMID:12379442   PMID:12507773  
PMID:12593667   PMID:12603280   PMID:12605900   PMID:12665613   PMID:12904794   PMID:12909632   PMID:12956708   PMID:14534256   PMID:14555717   PMID:14687553   PMID:14706873   PMID:14730302  
PMID:14739560   PMID:14976558   PMID:15071096   PMID:15226318   PMID:15260958   PMID:15331617   PMID:15351509   PMID:15458844   PMID:15601948   PMID:15750591   PMID:15784965   PMID:15858065  
PMID:15883194   PMID:15924137   PMID:15944123   PMID:16103115   PMID:16186507   PMID:16406232   PMID:16480690   PMID:16483599   PMID:16707783   PMID:16791853   PMID:16814779   PMID:16990276  
PMID:17018279   PMID:17093100   PMID:17302911   PMID:17446041   PMID:17460072   PMID:17460080   PMID:17472959   PMID:17543993   PMID:17873364   PMID:17969105   PMID:18190519   PMID:18341993  
PMID:18390190   PMID:18403705   PMID:18439999   PMID:18500330   PMID:18598260   PMID:18679721   PMID:18720514   PMID:18722513   PMID:18794522   PMID:18795801   PMID:18815255   PMID:18823129  
PMID:19020286   PMID:19063943   PMID:19071197   PMID:19091980   PMID:19105974   PMID:19110036   PMID:19176091   PMID:19185395   PMID:19200070   PMID:19222700   PMID:19330849   PMID:19439609  
PMID:19508696   PMID:19534762   PMID:19558602   PMID:19563786   PMID:19644508   PMID:19673491   PMID:19774669   PMID:19776277   PMID:19908285   PMID:20110361   PMID:20110365   PMID:20155979  
PMID:20179884   PMID:20403402   PMID:20408958   PMID:20417256   PMID:20418887   PMID:20422983   PMID:20534470   PMID:20547835   PMID:20614889   PMID:20869354   PMID:21106836   PMID:21141507  
PMID:21414928   PMID:21425350   PMID:21527319   PMID:21558424   PMID:21895609   PMID:22144581   PMID:22219297   PMID:22284903   PMID:22573673   PMID:22632720   PMID:22813734   PMID:22871113  
PMID:23076153   PMID:23129617   PMID:23141062   PMID:23212166   PMID:23296627   PMID:23326329   PMID:23360709   PMID:23375774   PMID:23719929   PMID:23760273   PMID:23799014   PMID:23940029  
PMID:23942984   PMID:23999288   PMID:24030012   PMID:24098468   PMID:24244357   PMID:24264036   PMID:24381264   PMID:24442866   PMID:24487031   PMID:24599038   PMID:24599450   PMID:24625397  
PMID:24753224   PMID:24831007   PMID:25109876   PMID:25218043   PMID:25437879   PMID:25475532   PMID:25834064   PMID:26134564   PMID:26260133   PMID:26343542   PMID:26384129   PMID:26391783  
PMID:26739260   PMID:26766634   PMID:27013677   PMID:27288240   PMID:27368053   PMID:27601647   PMID:27618672   PMID:27641494   PMID:27714514   PMID:27826230   PMID:27856517   PMID:28119091  
PMID:28132827   PMID:28244309   PMID:28459140   PMID:28585865   PMID:28630296   PMID:28719803   PMID:28737760   PMID:28823560   PMID:28863863   PMID:28888867   PMID:28951554   PMID:29107806  
PMID:29202853   PMID:29230056   PMID:29476059   PMID:29490264   PMID:29515177   PMID:29588465   PMID:30328550   PMID:30590038   PMID:30914678   PMID:31283924   PMID:31784233   PMID:31794026  
PMID:32543078   PMID:32964314   PMID:33022406   PMID:33244735   PMID:34252589   PMID:35136046   PMID:35969153   PMID:36441793   PMID:37653241  


Genomics

Comparative Map Data
Gria2
(Rattus norvegicus - Norway rat)
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCr82168,247,490 - 168,367,616 (-)NCBIGRCr8GRCr8GRCr8
GRCr8 Ensembl2168,247,496 - 168,367,616 (-)EnsemblGRCr8
mRatBN7.22165,949,379 - 166,069,510 (-)NCBImRatBN7.2mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl2165,947,521 - 166,069,510 (-)EnsemblmRatBN7.2
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx2173,141,275 - 173,261,498 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHR_UtxUTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.02171,155,659 - 171,275,864 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.02165,764,515 - 165,884,705 (-)NCBIUTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.02179,584,302 - 179,704,629 (-)NCBIRnor_6.0Rnor_6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl2179,584,308 - 179,704,629 (-)Ensemblrn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.02198,991,672 - 199,113,059 (-)NCBIRnor_5.0Rnor_5.0rn5
RGSC_v3.42172,265,155 - 172,385,285 (-)NCBIRGSC_v3.4RGSC_v3.4rn4
Celera2159,991,989 - 160,110,044 (-)NCBICelera
RGSC_v3.12172,216,247 - 172,335,391 (-)NCBI
Cytogenetic Map2q33NCBI
GRIA2
(Homo sapiens - human)
Human AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCh384157,220,120 - 157,366,075 (+)NCBIGRCh38GRCh38hg38GRCh38
GRCh38.p14 Ensembl4157,204,182 - 157,387,146 (+)Ensemblhg38GRCh38
GRCh374158,141,272 - 158,287,227 (+)NCBIGRCh37GRCh37hg19GRCh37
Build 364158,361,186 - 158,506,677 (+)NCBIBuild 36Build 36hg18NCBI36
Build 344158,499,639 - 158,642,707NCBI
Celera4155,484,938 - 155,630,358 (+)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic Map4q32.1NCBI
HuRef4153,892,713 - 154,037,902 (+)NCBIHuRef
CHM1_14158,118,907 - 158,264,349 (+)NCBICHM1_1
T2T-CHM13v2.04160,550,597 - 160,711,660 (+)NCBIT2T-CHM13v2.0
Gria2
(Mus musculus - house mouse)
Mouse AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCm39380,588,757 - 80,711,534 (-)NCBIGRCm39GRCm39mm39
GRCm39 Ensembl380,588,757 - 80,710,142 (-)EnsemblGRCm39 EnsemblGRCm39
GRCm38380,681,450 - 80,804,227 (-)NCBIGRCm38GRCm38mm10GRCm38
GRCm38.p6 Ensembl380,681,450 - 80,802,835 (-)Ensemblmm10GRCm38
MGSCv37380,488,858 - 80,606,713 (-)NCBIMGSCv37MGSCv37mm9NCBIm37
MGSCv36380,770,863 - 80,888,718 (-)NCBIMGSCv36mm8
Celera380,695,789 - 80,807,271 (-)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic Map3E3NCBI
cM Map335.5NCBI
Gria2
(Chinchilla lanigera - long-tailed chinchilla)
Chinchilla AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
ChiLan1.0 EnsemblNW_0049554719,970,403 - 10,108,898 (-)Ensembl
ChiLan1.0NW_0049554719,970,396 - 10,108,871 (-)NCBIChiLan1.0ChiLan1.0
GRIA2
(Pan paniscus - bonobo/pygmy chimpanzee)
Bonobo AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
NHGRI_mPanPan1-v23155,113,339 - 155,258,801 (+)NCBINHGRI_mPanPan1-v2
NHGRI_mPanPan14155,468,514 - 155,614,022 (+)NCBINHGRI_mPanPan1
Mhudiblu_PPA_v04149,566,563 - 149,712,135 (+)NCBIMhudiblu_PPA_v0Mhudiblu_PPA_v0panPan3
PanPan1.14161,380,933 - 161,524,376 (+)NCBIPanPan1.1PanPan1.1panPan2
PanPan1.1 Ensembl4161,380,933 - 161,524,376 (+)EnsemblpanPan2panpan1.1
GRIA2
(Canis lupus familiaris - dog)
Dog AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
CanFam3.11554,634,332 - 54,710,711 (+)NCBICanFam3.1CanFam3.1canFam3CanFam3.1
CanFam3.1 Ensembl1554,634,335 - 54,708,184 (+)EnsemblcanFam3CanFam3.1
Dog10K_Boxer_Tasha1554,899,350 - 55,051,036 (+)NCBIDog10K_Boxer_TashaDog10K_Boxer_Tasha
ROS_Cfam_1.01555,280,110 - 55,432,031 (+)NCBIROS_Cfam_1.0ROS_Cfam_1.0
ROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl1555,280,105 - 55,432,019 (+)EnsemblROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl
UMICH_Zoey_3.11554,520,013 - 54,671,698 (+)NCBIUMICH_Zoey_3.1
UNSW_CanFamBas_1.01554,628,421 - 54,780,188 (+)NCBIUNSW_CanFamBas_1.0
UU_Cfam_GSD_1.01554,943,850 - 55,095,680 (+)NCBIUU_Cfam_GSD_1.0UU_Cfam_GSD_1.0
Gria2
(Ictidomys tridecemlineatus - thirteen-lined ground squirrel)
Squirrel AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
HiC_Itri_2NW_02440530135,606,967 - 35,746,531 (-)NCBIHiC_Itri_2
SpeTri2.0 EnsemblNW_0049365763,800,075 - 3,941,003 (+)EnsemblSpeTri2.0 Ensembl
SpeTri2.0NW_0049365763,800,369 - 3,940,324 (+)NCBISpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0
GRIA2
(Sus scrofa - pig)
Pig AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
Sscrofa11.1 Ensembl846,078,276 - 46,241,914 (+)EnsemblsusScr11Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa11.1846,078,122 - 46,247,144 (+)NCBISscrofa11.1Sscrofa11.1susScr11Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa10.2848,116,966 - 48,280,583 (+)NCBISscrofa10.2Sscrofa10.2susScr3
GRIA2
(Chlorocebus sabaeus - green monkey)
Green Monkey AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
ChlSab1.17103,808,789 - 103,957,947 (+)NCBIChlSab1.1ChlSab1.1chlSab2
ChlSab1.1 Ensembl7103,808,797 - 103,953,040 (+)EnsemblChlSab1.1 EnsemblchlSab2Vervet-AGM
Vero_WHO_p1.0NW_02366603783,492,906 - 83,648,026 (+)NCBIVero_WHO_p1.0Vero_WHO_p1.0
Gria2
(Heterocephalus glaber - naked mole-rat)
Naked Mole-Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
HetGla_female_1.0 EnsemblNW_0046248481,135,032 - 1,261,087 (-)EnsemblHetGla_female_1.0 EnsemblhetGla2HetGla_female_1.0 Ensembl
HetGla 1.0NW_0046248481,132,939 - 1,261,110 (-)NCBIHetGla 1.0HetGla 1.0hetGla2
Gria2
(Rattus rattus - black rat)
Black Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
Rrattus_CSIRO_v1372,735,221 - 72,850,794 (+)NCBIRrattus_CSIRO_v1

Variants

.
Variants in Gria2
723 total Variants
miRNA Target Status (No longer updated)

Confirmed Target Of
miRNA GeneMature miRNAMethod NameResult TypeData TypeSupport TypePMID
Mir181a2rno-miR-181a-5pMirtarbaseexternal_infoImmunohistochemistry//Luciferase reporter assay//NFunctional MTI22144581

Predicted Target Of
Summary Value
Count of predictions:972
Count of miRNA genes:253
Interacting mature miRNAs:344
Transcripts:ENSRNOT00000039587, ENSRNOT00000067113
Prediction methods:Microtar, Miranda, Targetscan
Result types:miRGate_prediction

The detailed report is available here: Full Report CSV TAB Printer

miRNA Target Status data imported from miRGate (http://mirgate.bioinfo.cnio.es/).
For more information about miRGate, see PMID:25858286 or access the full paper here.


QTLs in Region (GRCr8)
The following QTLs overlap with this region.    Full Report CSV TAB Printer Gviewer
RGD IDSymbolNameLODP ValueTraitSub TraitChrStartStopSpecies
1358356Srcrt1Stress Responsive Cort QTL13.66blood corticosterone amount (VT:0005345)plasma corticosterone level (CMO:0001173)2163997722225110681Rat
631566Bp90Blood pressure QTL 900.0001arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)2149957381221199885Rat
1298074Bp164Blood pressure QTL 1640.003arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)244537979205135428Rat
1354648Bp239Blood pressure QTL 2390.001arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)267845370229470703Rat
1354649Kidm17Kidney mass QTL 172.9kidney mass (VT:0002707)calculated kidney weight (CMO:0000160)283465462229820014Rat
10755499Bp389Blood pressure QTL 3892.61arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)diastolic blood pressure (CMO:0000005)220695736231474293Rat
1298076Bp166Blood pressure QTL 1660.0009arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)2138595962205135428Rat
1581576Pur7Proteinuria QTL 70.0001urine total protein amount (VT:0000032)urine total protein excretion rate (CMO:0000756)280396178220931218Rat
152025245Scl81Serum cholesterol level QTL 813.49blood cholesterol amount (VT:0000180)2124537199209621565Rat
1581578Cm49Cardiac mass QTL 494.90.01heart left ventricle mass (VT:0007031)heart left ventricle weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000530)2145807215220931416Rat
631198Cm22Cardiac mass QTL 224.30.0008heart left ventricle mass (VT:0007031)heart left ventricle weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000530)278269809208420281Rat
1554319Bmd2Bone mineral density QTL 213.40.0001lumbar vertebra area (VT:0010570)lumbar vertebra cross-sectional area (CMO:0001689)2122597372215234002Rat
12879836Kidm61Kidney mass QTL 610.001kidney mass (VT:0002707)both kidneys wet weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000340)2154723085199723085Rat
1581569Uae32Urinary albumin excretion QTL 320.0001urine protein amount (VT:0005160)urine albumin excretion rate (CMO:0000757)280396178220931218Rat
10043136Iddm54Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 543.40.0001blood glucose amount (VT:0000188)age at onset/diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (CMO:0001140)2145807215190807215Rat
12879837Am2Aortic mass QTL 20.001aorta mass (VT:0002845)aorta weight to aorta length to body weight ratio (CMO:0002722)2154723085199723085Rat
10043139Iddm55Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 553.10.0001blood glucose amount (VT:0000188)age at onset/diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (CMO:0001140)2150313808195313808Rat
12879838Cm86Cardiac mass QTL 860.002heart left ventricle mass (VT:0007031)heart left ventricle weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000530)2154723085199723085Rat
1302793Bw16Body weight QTL 1650.0001body mass (VT:0001259)body weight (CMO:0000012)2159440891205135267Rat
12879839Cm85Cardiac mass QTL 850.001heart mass (VT:0007028)heart wet weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0002408)2154723085199723085Rat
1358900Bw48Body weight QTL 484.88body mass (VT:0001259)body weight (CMO:0000012)2159440891220931218Rat
12879845Cm89Cardiac mass QTL 890.008heart left ventricle mass (VT:0007031)heart left ventricle weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000530)2154723085178247591Rat
1359030Bp277Blood pressure QTL 277arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)diastolic blood pressure (CMO:0000005)2143565208188565208Rat
12879846Cm90Cardiac mass QTL 900.011heart right ventricle mass (VT:0007033)heart right ventricle weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000914)2154723085178247591Rat
12879847Am4Aortic mass QTL 40.001aorta mass (VT:0002845)aorta weight to aorta length to body weight ratio (CMO:0002722)2154723085178247591Rat
1331760Bp206Blood pressure QTL 2063.62454arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)24265106205135428Rat
12879840Bw179Body weight QTL 1790.005body mass (VT:0001259)body weight (CMO:0000012)2154723085199723085Rat
1581502Esta3Estrogen-induced thymic atrophy QTL 3thymus mass (VT:0004954)thymus wet weight (CMO:0000855)2139067258192287892Rat
1359032Hrtrt18Heart rate QTL 18heart pumping trait (VT:2000009)heart rate (CMO:0000002)2159440760195313808Rat
2301966Bp322Blood pressure QTL 3223.58arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)2144882354205135428Rat
1298080Bp163Blood pressure QTL 1630.02arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)267845182205135428Rat
8662832Vetf7Vascular elastic tissue fragility QTL 73.5aorta elastin amount (VT:0003905)aorta wall extracellular elastin dry weight to aorta wall dry weight ratio (CMO:0002002)283400752223709938Rat
1298085Bp165Blood pressure QTL 1650.0006arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)244537979205135428Rat
1359022Ppulsi1Prepulse inhibition QTL 13.63prepulse inhibition trait (VT:0003088)acoustic startle response measurement (CMO:0001519)2139067258184067258Rat
1641891Alcrsp17Alcohol response QTL 17response to alcohol trait (VT:0010489)duration of loss of righting reflex (CMO:0002289)2151869660251712708Rat
724534Uae6Urinary albumin excretion QTL 610urine albumin amount (VT:0002871)urine albumin level (CMO:0000130)280396034220931416Rat
61374Edpm2Estrogen-dependent pituitary mass QTL 24.420.86pituitary gland mass (VT:0010496)pituitary gland wet weight (CMO:0000853)278269809205135428Rat
8662843Vetf9Vascular elastic tissue fragility QTL 92.05thoracic aorta molecular composition trait (VT:0010568)aorta wall extracellular elastin dry weight to aorta wall extracellular collagen weight ratio (CMO:0002003)2159440760228950743Rat
2301415Cm67Cardiac mass QTL 670.003heart mass (VT:0007028)heart wet weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0002408)2154723085178247591Rat
1331794Bp202Blood pressure QTL 2023.66819arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)2143344967251712708Rat
71113Cari2Carrageenan-induced inflammation QTL 22.70.009hypodermis integrity trait (VT:0010550)inflammatory exudate volume (CMO:0001429)2143746578205135428Rat
1331805Cm29Cardiac mass QTL 293.50746heart mass (VT:0007028)heart wet weight (CMO:0000069)2143344967251712708Rat
11565180Kidm56Kidney mass QTL 560.003kidney mass (VT:0002707)both kidneys wet weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000340)2154723085178247591Rat
634308Sach6Saccharin preference QTL 64.9taste sensitivity trait (VT:0001986)saccharin intake volume to total fluid intake volume ratio (CMO:0001601)2114384617215381366Rat
1598805Memor8Memory QTL 83exploratory behavior trait (VT:0010471)average horizontal distance between subject and target during voluntary locomotion in an experimental apparatus (CMO:0002674)2150096616195096616Rat
11565181Bw176Body weight QTL 1760.002body mass (VT:0001259)body weight (CMO:0000012)2154723085178247591Rat
1358917Cm42Cardiac mass QTL 422.82heart mass (VT:0007028)heart weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000074)227148328206613235Rat
724568Uae13Urinary albumin excretion QTL 134.4urine albumin amount (VT:0002871)urine albumin excretion rate (CMO:0000757)2145306936212705578Rat
1358913Cm41Cardiac mass QTL 412.73heart mass (VT:0007028)heart weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000074)227148328206613235Rat
1300165Rf9Renal function QTL 93.28kidney glomerulus integrity trait (VT:0010546)index of glomerular damage (CMO:0001135)2113746222205135428Rat
61401Niddm2Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 24.54blood glucose amount (VT:0000188)blood glucose level (CMO:0000046)2147287892192287892Rat
631507Bp105Blood pressure QTL 1050.001arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)2114384617215381366Rat
1641925Alcrsp2Alcohol response QTL 2response to alcohol trait (VT:0010489)duration of loss of righting reflex (CMO:0002289)2151869660223841096Rat
1354609Niddm62Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 624.720.000006insulin secretion trait (VT:0003564)plasma insulin level (CMO:0000342)2117415288205135428Rat
631520Bp73Blood pressure QTL 730.0001arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)2149806826170653323Rat
1598833Bp295Blood pressure QTL 2953.5arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)2150096616195096616Rat
1354622Kidm16Kidney mass QTL 163kidney mass (VT:0002707)left kidney wet weight (CMO:0000083)283465462225110681Rat
631266Bp132Blood pressure QTL 1320.0005arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)247856345205135428Rat
7488927Bp365Blood pressure QTL 3650.008arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)2165453811210453811Rat
7488925Bp364Blood pressure QTL 3640.001arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)2163253030208253030Rat
2293843Kiddil6Kidney dilation QTL 63.1kidney pelvis morphology trait (VT:0004194)hydronephrosis severity score (CMO:0001208)244537979184731399Rat
2306901Bp337Blood pressure QTL 3370.01arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)2166372086229820014Rat
152025206Hrtrt23Heart rate QTL 235.98heart pumping trait (VT:2000009)230219200171802126Rat
1354605Rf48Renal function QTL 482.9blood creatinine amount (VT:0005328)plasma creatinine level (CMO:0000537)276328396209350714Rat
6903312Bw112Body weight QTL 1123.20.0013body mass (VT:0001259)body weight (CMO:0000012)2145807215173074435Rat
152025204Hrtrt22Heart rate QTL 225.6heart pumping trait (VT:2000009)230219200171802126Rat

Markers in Region
Gria2  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
mRatBN7.22166,069,260 - 166,069,506 (+)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.02179,704,380 - 179,704,625NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_5.02199,112,810 - 199,113,055UniSTSRnor5.0
Rnor_5.02199,112,595 - 199,113,055UniSTSRnor5.0
RGSC_v3.42172,385,036 - 172,385,281UniSTSRGSC3.4
Celera2160,109,795 - 160,110,040UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map2q33UniSTS
L32372  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
mRatBN7.22165,952,542 - 165,952,694 (+)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.02179,587,466 - 179,587,617NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_5.02198,994,836 - 198,994,987UniSTSRnor5.0
RGSC_v3.42172,268,319 - 172,268,470UniSTSRGSC3.4
Celera2159,995,153 - 159,995,304UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map2q33UniSTS
PMC283538P1  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
mRatBN7.22165,972,008 - 165,972,589 (+)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.02179,607,132 - 179,607,712NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_5.02199,014,502 - 199,015,082UniSTSRnor5.0
RGSC_v3.42172,287,787 - 172,288,367UniSTSRGSC3.4
Celera2160,014,631 - 160,015,211UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map2q33UniSTS


Expression

RNA-SEQ Expression

alimentary part of gastrointestinal system
appendage
circulatory system
ectoderm
endocrine system
endoderm
exocrine system
hemolymphoid system
hepatobiliary system
integumental system
mesenchyme
mesoderm
musculoskeletal system
nervous system
renal system
reproductive system
respiratory system
sensory system
visual system
15 12 59 165 91 90 59 37 59 6 257 129 11 144 46 91 31 17 17

Sequence


Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000077941   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000069094
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8 Ensembl2168,247,496 - 168,367,616 (-)Ensembl
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl2165,949,385 - 166,069,510 (-)Ensembl
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl2179,584,308 - 179,704,629 (-)Ensembl
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000083361   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000072906
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8 Ensembl2168,247,496 - 168,367,616 (-)Ensembl
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl2165,949,385 - 166,069,510 (-)Ensembl
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl2179,584,308 - 179,704,629 (-)Ensembl
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000095756   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000083751
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl2165,952,485 - 166,069,510 (-)Ensembl
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000097250   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000090321
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8 Ensembl2168,247,496 - 168,367,616 (-)Ensembl
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl2165,949,385 - 166,069,510 (-)Ensembl
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000106956   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000094310
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8 Ensembl2168,252,842 - 168,367,616 (-)Ensembl
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl2165,955,806 - 166,069,510 (-)Ensembl
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000108013   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000091950
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl2165,947,521 - 166,069,510 (-)Ensembl
RefSeq Acc Id: NM_001083811   ⟹   NP_001077280
RefSeq Status: REVIEWED
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr82168,247,490 - 168,367,616 (-)NCBI
mRatBN7.22165,949,379 - 166,069,510 (-)NCBI
Rnor_6.02179,584,302 - 179,704,629 (-)NCBI
Rnor_5.02198,991,672 - 199,113,059 (-)NCBI
RGSC_v3.42172,265,155 - 172,385,285 (-)RGD
Celera2159,991,989 - 160,110,044 (-)RGD
Sequence:
RefSeq Acc Id: NM_017261   ⟹   NP_058957
RefSeq Status: REVIEWED
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr82168,247,490 - 168,367,616 (-)NCBI
mRatBN7.22165,949,379 - 166,069,510 (-)NCBI
Rnor_6.02179,584,302 - 179,704,629 (-)NCBI
Rnor_5.02198,991,672 - 199,113,059 (-)NCBI
RGSC_v3.42172,265,155 - 172,385,285 (-)RGD
Celera2159,991,989 - 160,110,044 (-)RGD
Sequence:
RefSeq Acc Id: NP_058957   ⟸   NM_017261
- Peptide Label: isoform 1 precursor
- UniProtKB: A6J5S9 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL),   G3V914 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
- Sequence:
RefSeq Acc Id: NP_001077280   ⟸   NM_001083811
- Peptide Label: isoform 2 precursor
- UniProtKB: Q9R174 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot),   P19491 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Sequence:
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000069094   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000077941
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000072906   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000083361
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000090321   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000097250
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000091950   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000108013
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000083751   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000095756
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000094310   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000106956
Protein Domains
Ionotropic glutamate receptor C-terminal   Ionotropic glutamate receptor L-glutamate and

Protein Structures
Name Modeler Protein Id AA Range Protein Structure
AF-P19491-F1-model_v2 AlphaFold P19491 1-883 view protein structure

Transcriptome

eQTL   View at Phenogen
WGCNA   View at Phenogen
Tissue/Strain Expression   View at Phenogen


Additional Information

Database Acc Id Source(s)
AGR Gene RGD:61862 AgrOrtholog
BioCyc Gene G2FUF-52710 BioCyc
Ensembl Genes ENSRNOG00000054204 Ensembl, ENTREZGENE
Ensembl Transcript ENSRNOT00000077941 ENTREZGENE
  ENSRNOT00000083361 ENTREZGENE
Gene3D-CATH 1.10.287.70 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  3.40.50.2300 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Periplasmic binding protein-like II UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
InterPro ANF_lig-bd_rcpt UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Glu/Gly-bd UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Iono_rcpt_met UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Ionotropic_Glu_rcpt UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Iontro_rcpt UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Peripla_BP_I UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
KEGG Report rno:29627 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
NCBI Gene 29627 ENTREZGENE
PANTHER IONOTROPIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Pfam ANF_receptor UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Lig_chan UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Lig_chan-Glu_bd UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PhenoGen Gria2 PhenoGen
PRINTS NMDARECEPTOR UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
RatGTEx ENSRNOG00000054204 RatGTEx
SMART Lig_chan-Glu_bd UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  PBPe UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Superfamily-SCOP Periplasmic binding protein-like II UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  SSF53822 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Voltage-gated potassium channels UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
TIGR TC204985
UniProt A0A8I6AC88_RAT UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  A0A8I6AKP3_RAT UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  A6J5S9 ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  A6J5T0_RAT UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  F1LNE4_RAT UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  G3V914 ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  GRIA2_RAT UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ENTREZGENE
  Q9R174 ENTREZGENE
UniProt Secondary Q9R174 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot


Nomenclature History
Date Current Symbol Current Name Previous Symbol Previous Name Description Reference Status
2016-02-11 Gria2  glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2  Gria2  glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2  Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature 1299863 APPROVED
2008-07-10 Gria2  glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2  Gria2  glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA2  Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature 1299863 APPROVED
2006-03-30 Gria2  glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA2    glutamate receptor, ionotropic, 2  Name updated 1299863 APPROVED
2002-06-10 Gria2  glutamate receptor, ionotropic, 2      Name updated 70584 APPROVED

RGD Curation Notes
Note Type Note Reference
gene_disease deacetylation of promoter-bound histones also occurs after transient global ischemia 628432
gene_process may play a role in seizure-induced pathological events in the hippocampus 628432
gene_regulation histones (e.g. H4) associated with the promoters in hippocampal CA3 neurons after seizures, are rapidly deacetylated, and a histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A, inhibits and quickly reverses deacetylation 628432