| 732035 | SP1 | Sp1 transcription factor | The protein encoded by this gene is a zinc finger transcription factor that binds to GC-rich motifs of many promoters. The encoded protein is involved in many cellular processes, including cell differentiation, cell growth, apoptosis, immune responses, response to DNA damage, and chromatin remodelin g. Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, and proteolytic processing significantly affect the activity of this protein, which can be an activator or a repressor. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014] | 12 | 53380176 | 53416446 | Human | 586 | symbol , old_gene_name , COSMIC , name , Human Proteome Map | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1342724 | DAND5 | DAN domain BMP antagonist family member 5 | This gene encodes a member of the BMP (bone morphogenic protein) antagonist family. Like BMPs, BMP antagonists contain cystine knots and typically form homo- and heterodimers. The CAN (cerberus and dan) subfamily of BMP antagonists, to which this gene belongs, is characterized by a C-terminal cystin e knot with an eight-membered ring. The antagonistic effect of the secreted protein encoded by this gene is likely due to its direct binding to BMP proteins. As an antagonist of BMP, this gene may play a role in regulating organogenesis, body patterning, and tissue differentiation. In mouse, this protein has been shown to bind Nodal and to inhibit the Nodal signaling pathway which patterns left/right body asymmetry. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] | 19 | 12969576 | 12974760 | Human | 68 | old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1352538 | PSG1 | pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 1 | The human placenta is a multihormonal endocrine organ that produces hormones, enzymes, and other molecules that support fetal survival and development. Pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein (PSBG, PSG) is a major product of the syncytiotrophoblast, reaching concentrations of 100 to 290 mg/l at term in the serum of pregnant women (Horne et al., 1976 [PubMed 971765]). PSG is a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily (Watanabe and Chou, 1988 [PubMed 3257488]; Streydio et al., 1988 [PubMed 3260773]).[supplied by OMIM, Oct 2009] | 19 | 42866464 | 42879713 | Human | 37 | old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1603165 | PRSS55 | serine protease 55 | This gene encodes a member of a group of membrane-anchored chymotrypsin (S1)-like serine proteases. The enocoded protein is primarily expressed in the Leydig and Sertoli cells of the testis and may be involved in male fertility. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided b y RefSeq, Sep 2010] | 8 | 10525532 | 10554166 | Human | 40 | old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1346991 | SYPL1 | synaptophysin like 1 | Predicted to be involved in chemical synaptic transmission. Located in extracellular exosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 7 | 106090505 | 106112576 | Human | 92 | old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 733374 | ST14 | ST14 transmembrane serine protease matriptase | The protein encoded by this gene is an epithelial-derived, integral membrane serine protease. This protease forms a complex with the Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor, HAI-1, and is found to be activated by sphingosine 1-phosphate. This protease has been shown to cleave and activate hepatocyte g rowth factor/scattering factor, and urokinase plasminogen activator, which suggest the function of this protease as an epithelial membrane activator for other proteases and latent growth factors. The expression of this protease has been associated with breast, colon, prostate, and ovarian tumors, which implicates its role in cancer invasion, and metastasis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] | 11 | 130159782 | 130210362 | Human | 210 | old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 15037009 | CRSP5 | cofactor required for Sp1 transcriptional activation subunit 5 | | | | | Human | | old_gene_name , name | gene, protein-coding |
| 1319465 | TLE1 | TLE family member 1, transcriptional corepressor | Enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding activity; identical protein binding activity; and transcription corepressor activity. Involved in negative regulation of anoikis; negative regulation of signal transduction; and regulation of gene expression. Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. Part o f beta-catenin-TCF complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 9 | 81583683 | 81689547 | Human | 159 | old_gene_name | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1344641 | KLF13 | KLF transcription factor 13 | KLF13 belongs to a family of transcription factors that contain 3 classical zinc finger DNA-binding domains consisting of a zinc atom tetrahedrally coordinated by 2 cysteines and 2 histidines (C2H2 motif). These transcription factors bind to GC-rich sequences and related GT and CACCC boxes (Scohy et al., 2000 [PubMed 11087666]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008] | 15 | 31326835 | 31435665 | Human | 163 | old_gene_name | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1314308 | KLF16 | KLF transcription factor 16 | Enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to act upstream of or within G protein-coupled dopamine receptor signaling pathway. Predicted to be located in chromatin. [provided by Alliance of G enome Resources, Jul 2025] | 19 | 1852399 | 1876536 | Human | 93 | old_gene_name | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1317214 | RNF19A | ring finger protein 19A, RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase | This gene encodes a member of the ring between ring fingers (RBR) protein family, and the encoded protein contains two RING-finger motifs and an in between RING fingers motif. This protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is localized to Lewy bodies, and ubiquitylates synphilin-1, which is an interact ing protein of alpha synuclein in neurons. The encoded protein may be involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013] | 8 | 100257067 | 100336204 | Human | 116 | old_gene_name | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1343127 | MED14 | mediator complex subunit 14 | The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. This protein contains a bipartite nuclear localization signal. This gene is known to escape chromosome X-inactivation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] | X | 40648305 | 40736159 | Human | 106 | old_gene_name , description , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1322408 | MED17 | mediator complex subunit 17 | The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] | 11 | 93784282 | 93814963 | Human | 125 | old_gene_name , description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1316995 | MED23 | mediator complex subunit 23 | The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. This protein also acts as a metastasis suppressor. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012] | 6 | 131573966 | 131628313 | Human | 134 | old_gene_name , description , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1348876 | MED24 | mediator complex subunit 24 | This gene encodes a component of the mediator complex (also known as TRAP, SMCC, DRIP, or ARC), a transcriptional coactivator complex thought to be required for the expression of almost all genes. The mediator complex is recruited by transcriptional activators or nuclear receptors to induce gene exp ression, possibly by interacting with RNA polymerase II and promoting the formation of a transcriptional pre-initiation complex. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] | 17 | 40019104 | 40054408 | Human | 91 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1352604 | MED26 | mediator complex subunit 26 | The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] | 19 | 16574919 | 16628204 | Human | 88 | old_gene_name , description | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1349942 | MED27 | mediator complex subunit 27 | The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 5. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011] | 9 | 131860112 | 132079867 | Human | 131 | old_gene_name , description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1321085 | MED7 | mediator complex subunit 7 | The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] | 5 | 157137424 | 157142865 | Human | 87 | old_gene_name , description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1315408 | TLE2 | TLE family member 2, transcriptional corepressor | Enables transcription corepressor activity. Involved in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription and negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Located in focal adhesion and nuclear body. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 19 | 2997644 | 3047635 | Human | 125 | old_gene_name | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1351900 | TLE3 | TLE family member 3, transcriptional corepressor | This gene encodes a transcriptional co-repressor protein that belongs to the transducin-like enhancer family of proteins. The members of this family function in the Notch signaling pathway that regulates determination of cell fate during development. Expression of this gene has been associated with a favorable outcome to chemotherapy with taxanes for ovarian carcinoma. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Additional alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013] | 15 | 70047790 | 70097917 | Human | 148 | old_gene_name | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 733230 | TLE4 | TLE family member 4, transcriptional corepressor | Predicted to enable transcription corepressor activity. Predicted to be involved in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway and negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to act upstream of or within Wnt signaling pathway; cellular response to leukemia inhibi tory factor; and negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription. Located in nucleoplasm. Part of beta-catenin-TCF complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2025] | 9 | 79571965 | 79726882 | Human | 139 | old_gene_name | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1343822 | TLE6 | TLE family member 6, subcortical maternal complex member | This gene encodes a member of the Groucho/ transducin-like Enhancer of split family of transcriptional co-repressors. The encoded protein is a component of the mammalian subcortical maternal complex, which is required for preimplantation development. In mouse, knock out of this gene results in cleav age-stage embryonic arrest resulting from defective cytoplasmic F-actin meshwork formation and asymmetric cell division. In human, an allelic variant in this gene is associated with preimplantation embryonic lethality. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2016] | 19 | 2977401 | 2995179 | Human | 112 | old_gene_name | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1605687 | DROSHA | drosha ribonuclease III | This gene encodes a ribonuclease (RNase) III double-stranded RNA-specific ribonuclease and subunit of the microprocessor protein complex, which catalyzes the initial processing step of microRNA (miRNA) synthesis. The encoded protein cleaves the stem loop structure from the primary microRNA (pri-miRN A) in the nucleus, yielding the precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is then exported to the cytoplasm for further processing. In a human cell line lacking a functional copy of this gene, canonical miRNA synthesis is reduced. Somatic mutations in this gene have been observed in human patients with kidney cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2016] | 5 | 31400494 | 31532093 | Human | 170 | old_gene_name | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1313558 | MIS18BP1 | MIS18 binding protein 1 | Predicted to enable DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in cell division. Predicted to be located in nucleoplasm. Predicted to be part of CENP-A recruiting complex. Predicted to be active in chromosome, centromeric region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 14 | 45203190 | 45253202 | Human | 108 | old_gene_name | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 6481424 | PIRAT1 | PU.1 (SPI1) induced regulator of S100A8 and S100A9 alarmin transcription 1 | | 2 | 37826247 | 37875863 | Human | | old_gene_name | gene, ncrna, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1348100 | SP100 | SP100 nuclear antigen | This gene encodes a subnuclear organelle and major component of the PML (promyelocytic leukemia)-SP100 nuclear bodies. PML and SP100 are covalently modified by the SUMO-1 modifier, which is considered crucial to nuclear body interactions. The encoded protein binds heterochromatin proteins and is thought to play a role in tumorigenesis, immunity, and gene regulation. Alternatively spliced variants have been identified for this gene; one of which encodes a high-mobility group protein. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011] | 2 | 230416201 | 230545606 | Human | 209 | symbol , old_gene_name , COSMIC , name , description , Human Proteome Map , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1320919 | SP110 | SP110 nuclear body protein | The nuclear body is a multiprotein complex that may have a role in the regulation of gene transcription. This gene is a member of the SP100/SP140 family of nuclear body proteins and encodes a leukocyte-specific nuclear body component. The protein can function as an activator of gene transcription and may serve as a nuclear hormone receptor coactivator. In addition, it has been suggested that the protein may play a role in ribosome biogenesis and in the induction of myeloid cell differentiation. Alternative splicing has been observed for this gene and three transcript variants, encoding distinct isoforms, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] | 2 | 230165186 | 230225636 | Human | 167 | symbol , old_gene_name , COSMIC , name , description , Human Proteome Map | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1314926 | SP140 | SP140 nuclear body protein | This gene encodes a member of the SP100 family of proteins, which are share common domains including an N-terminal homogeneously staining region domain followed by a SP100/autoimmune regulator/NucP41/P75/deformed epidermal a utoregulatory factor domain, a plant homeobox zinc finger, and a bromodomain. The encoded protein is interferon-inducible and is expressed at high levels in the nuclei of leukocytes. Variants of this gene have been associated with multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Alternative splicing results in multiple variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016] | 2 | 230186151 | 230316571 | Human | 53 | symbol , old_gene_name , COSMIC , name , description , Human Proteome Map , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1604252 | SP140L | SP140 nuclear body protein like | Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 2 | 230327193 | 230403732 | Human | 54 | symbol , old_gene_name , COSMIC , name , Human Proteome Map | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1606758 | CCDC54 | coiled-coil domain containing 54 | INTERACTS WITH benzene-1,2,4-triol; benzo[a]pyrene; valproic acid | 3 | 107377439 | 107378635 | Human | 10 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1353517 | SPA17 | sperm autoantigenic protein 17 | This gene encodes a protein present at the cell surface. The N-terminus has sequence similarity to human cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) type II alpha regulatory subunit (RIIa) while the C-terminus has an IQ calmodulin-binding motif. The central portion of the protein has carbohydrate binding motifs and likely functions in cell-cell adhesion. The protein was initially characterized by its involvement in the binding of sperm to the zona pellucida of the oocyte. Recent studies indicate that it is also involved in additional cell-cell adhesion functions such as immune cell migration and metastasis. A retrotransposed pseudogene is present on chromosome 10q22.[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009] | 11 | 124673904 | 124697518 | Human | 122 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1605641 | GPBP1L1 | GC-rich promoter binding protein 1 like 1 | Predicted to enable DNA binding activity and RNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of DNA-templated transcription. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 1 | 45627304 | 45688110 | Human | 64 | old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1351174 | MED1 | mediator complex subunit 1 | The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. It also regulates p53-dependent apoptosis and it is essential for adipogenesis. This protein is known to have the ability to self-oligomerize. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] | 17 | 39404285 | 39451263 | Human | 341 | description , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1602708 | P2RY13 | purinergic receptor P2Y13 | The product of this gene belongs to the family of G-protein coupled receptors. This family has several receptor subtypes with different pharmacological selectivity, which overlaps in some cases, for various adenosine and uridine nucleotides. This receptor is activated by ADP. [provided by RefSeq, Se p 2008] | 3 | 151326312 | 151329549 | Human | 67 | old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 69112 | PMP22 | peripheral myelin protein 22 | This gene encodes an integral membrane protein that is a major component of myelin in the peripheral nervous system. Studies suggest two alternately used promoters drive tissue-specific expression. Various mutations of this gene are causes of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Type IA, Dejerine-Sottas synd rome, and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013] | 17 | 15229779 | 15265326 | Human | 722 | old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1354000 | P2RY12 | purinergic receptor P2Y12 | The product of this gene belongs to the family of G-protein coupled receptors. This family has several receptor subtypes with different pharmacological selectivity, which overlaps in some cases, for various adenosine and uridine nucleotides. This receptor is involved in platelet aggregation, and is a potential target for the treatment of thromboembolisms and other clotting disorders. Mutations in this gene are implicated in bleeding disorder, platelet type 8 (BDPLT8). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013] | 3 | 151336843 | 151384753 | Human | 172 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1351516 | SPA17P1 | sperm autoantigenic protein 17 pseudogene 1 | | 10 | 75382217 | 75382910 | Human | | old_gene_symbol | gene, pseudo, INFERRED [RefSeq] |
| 1323516 | CDADC1 | cytidine and dCMP deaminase domain containing 1 | Enables several functions, including cytidine deaminase activity; importin-alpha family protein binding activity; and protein homodimerization activity. Involved in DNA cytosine deamination and cytidine deamination. Located in cytoplasm and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 202 5] | 13 | 49247925 | 49293485 | Human | 90 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1346196 | CTNNBL1 | catenin beta like 1 | The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the pre-mRNA-processing factor 19-cell division cycle 5-like (PRP19-CDC5L) protein complex, which activates pre-mRNA splicing and is an integral part of the spliceosome. The encoded protein is also a nuclear localization sequence binding protein, an d binds to activation-induced deaminase and is important for antibody diversification. This gene may also be associated with the development of obesity. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A pseudogene of this gene has been defined on the X chromosome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013] | 20 | 37694030 | 37872118 | Human | 116 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1606759 | GARIN1B | golgi associated RAB2 interactor 1B | Predicted to be involved in acrosome assembly and acrosome reaction. Predicted to be located in Golgi apparatus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 7 | 128709061 | 128731743 | Human | 50 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1354416 | RFX4 | regulatory factor X4 | This gene is a member of the regulatory factor X gene family, which encodes transcription factors that contain a highly-conserved winged helix DNA binding domain. The protein encoded by this gene is structurally related to regulatory factors X1, X2, X3, and X5. It has been shown to interact with its elf as well as with regulatory factors X2 and X3, but it does not interact with regulatory factor X1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011] | 12 | 106583004 | 106762803 | Human | 112 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1351808 | SPATA16 | spermatogenesis associated 16 | This gene encodes a testis-specific protein that belongs to the tetratricopeptide repeat-like superfamily. The encoded protein localizes to the Golgi apparatus and may play a role in spermatogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010] | 3 | 172889357 | 173141235 | Human | 95 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1317981 | SPATA9 | spermatogenesis associated 9 | Predicted to be involved in cell differentiation and spermatogenesis. Predicted to be located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 5 | 95652181 | 95732102 | Human | 18 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1605320 | TTC29 | tetratricopeptide repeat domain 29 | Involved in cilium movement and cilium organization. Located in sperm flagellum. Implicated in spermatogenic failure 42. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 4 | 146706617 | 146945864 | Human | 63 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1602453 | WDR87 | WD repeat domain 87 | INTERACTS WITH (+)-catechin; arsane; arsenic atom | 19 | 37884823 | 37906697 | Human | 10 | old_gene_name , old_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 16565457 | AL359704.1 | SP100 nuclear antigen (SP100) pseudogene | | | | | Human | | name | gene, processed_pseudogene |
| 731794 | SP4 | Sp4 transcription factor | The protein encoded by this gene is a transcription factor that can bind to the GC promoter region of a variety of genes, including those of the photoreceptor signal transduction system. The encoded protein binds to the same sites in promoter CpG islands as does the transcription factor SP1 'font-weight:700;'>SP1, although its expression is much more restricted compared to that of SP1. This gene may be involved in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. [provided by RefSeq, May 2016] | 7 | 21428083 | 21514822 | Human | 128 | description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 30307096 | HULC | hepatocellular carcinoma up-regulated long non-coding RNA | This gene produces a long RNA that was discovered as upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and is associated with cancer progression. Expression of this transcript is regulated by microRNAs and at the transcriptional level by Sp1 family factors. The transcript may regulate gene expression by functioning as a competing RNA for microRNAs. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2017] | 6 | 8652269 | 8653856 | Human | 14 | description | gene, ncrna, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1352833 | IER3IP1 | immediate early response 3 interacting protein 1 | This gene encodes a small protein that is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and may play a role in the ER stress response by mediating cell differentiation and apoptosis. Transcription of this gene is regulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha and specificity protein 1 (Sp1 ght:700;'>Sp1). Mutations in this gene may play a role in microcephaly, epilepsy, and diabetes syndrome (MEDS), and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 12. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011] | 18 | 47152834 | 47176364 | Human | 128 | description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1318282 | KIF12 | kinesin family member 12 | This gene encodes a member of the kinesin superfamily of microtubule-associated molecular motors with functions related to the microtubule cytosekelton. Members of this superfamily play important roles in intracellular transport and cell division. A similar protein in mouse functions in the beta cel l antioxidant signaling cascade, acting as a scaffold for the transcription factor specificity protein 1 (Sp1). Mice that lack this gene exhibit beta cell oxidative stress resulting in hypoinsulinemic glucose intolerance. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016] | 9 | 114091638 | 114099292 | Human | 115 | description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1605424 | KLF11 | KLF transcription factor 11 | The protein encoded by this gene is a zinc finger transcription factor that binds to SP1-like sequences in epsilon- and gamma-globin gene promoters. This binding inhibits cell growth and causes apoptosis. Defects in this gene are a cause of maturity-onset diabet es of the young type 7 (MODY7). Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010] | 2 | 10043550 | 10054836 | Human | 223 | description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1320615 | POGZ | pogo transposable element derived with ZNF domain | The protein encoded by this gene appears to be a zinc finger protein containing a transposase domain at the C-terminus. This protein was found to interact with the transcription factor SP1 in a yeast two-hybrid system. Alternatively spliced transcript variants e ncoding distinct isoforms have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010] | 1 | 151402724 | 151459494 | Human | 390 | description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1319619 | SCARF1 | scavenger receptor class F member 1 | The protein encoded by this gene is a scavenger receptor that is expressed in endothelial cells. It regulates the uptake of chemically modified low density lipoproteins, including acetylated low density lipoprotein (Ac-LDL), and it may be involved in atherogenesis. This gene is regulated by the tran scription factors ZNF444/EZF-2 and SP1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2013] | 17 | 1633858 | 1645732 | Human | 70 | description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 1319818 | SP3 | Sp3 transcription factor | This gene belongs to a family of Sp1 related genes that encode transcription factors that regulate transcription by binding to consensus GC- and GT-box regulatory elements in target genes. This protein contains a zinc finger DNA-binding domain and several transa ctivation domains, and has been reported to function as a bifunctional transcription factor that either stimulates or represses the transcription of numerous genes. Transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene, and one has been reported to initiate translation from a non-AUG (AUA) start codon. Additional isoforms, resulting from the use of alternate downstream translation initiation sites, have also been noted. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 13. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2010] | 2 | 173900775 | 173965702 | Human | 188 | description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 69146 | TCF20 | transcription factor 20 | This gene encodes a transcription factor that recognizes the platelet-derived growth factor-responsive element in the matrix metalloproteinase 3 promoter. The encoded protein is thought to be a transcriptional coactivator, enhancing the activity of transcription factors such as JUN and SP1 font-weight:700;'>SP1. Mutations in this gene are associated with autism spectrum disorders. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015] | 22 | 42160013 | 42343537 | Human | 198 | description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 16570165 | AC010149.2 | Novel Sp100-like protein pseudogene | | | | | Human | | name | gene, unitary_pseudogene |
| 16553350 | AC009950.1 | novel transcript, antisense to SP110 | | | | | Human | | name | gene, lncrna |
| 16556220 | AC010149.1 | novel transcript, antisense to SP100 | | | | | Human | | name | gene, lncrna |
| 1344783 | SEC11A | SEC11 homolog A, signal peptidase complex subunit | This gene encodes a member of the peptidase S26B family. The encoded protein is an 18kDa subunit of the signal peptidase complex and has been linked to cell migration and invasion, gastric cancer and lymph node metastasis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseud ogene has been identified on chromosome 8. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012] | 15 | 84669544 | 84716139 | Human | 88 | old_gene_name | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 16570259 | AC009950.2 | novel pseudogene | | | | | Human | | old_gene_name | gene, unitary_pseudogene |
| 1351414 | RANBP2 | RAN binding protein 2 | RAN is a small GTP-binding protein of the RAS superfamily that is associated with the nuclear membrane and is thought to control a variety of cellular functions through its interactions with other proteins. This gene encodes a very large RAN-binding protein that immunolocalizes to the nuclear pore c omplex. The protein is a giant scaffold and mosaic cyclophilin-related nucleoporin implicated in the Ran-GTPase cycle. The encoded protein directly interacts with the E2 enzyme UBC9 and strongly enhances SUMO1 transfer from UBC9 to the SUMO1 target SP100. These findings place sumoylation at the cytoplasmic filaments of the nuclear pore complex and suggest that, for some substrates, modification and nuclear import are linked events. This gene is partially duplicated in a gene cluster that lies in a hot spot for recombination on chromosome 2q. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] | 2 | 108719482 | 109842301 | Human | 234 | description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
