| 3048 | Amacr | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | ENCODES a protein that exhibits alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity; signaling receptor binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN bile acid biosynthetic process; bile acid metabolic process; PARTICIPATES IN bile acid biosynthetic pathway; cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis pathway; congenital bile acid synthes is defect pathway; ASSOCIATED WITH adenoma (ortholog); alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency (ortholog); breast carcinoma (ortholog); FOUND IN mitochondrion; peroxisome; cytoplasm (ortholog); INTERACTS WITH (+)-schisandrin B; 1-naphthyl isothiocyanate; 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine | 2 | 61673291 | 61685381 | Rat | 189 | symbol , PhenoGen | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 735888 | AMACR | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | This gene encodes a racemase. The encoded enzyme interconverts pristanoyl-CoA and C27-bile acylCoAs between their (R)- and (S)-stereoisomers. The conversion to the (S)-stereoisomers is necessary for degradation of these substrates by peroxisomal beta-oxidation. Encoded proteins from this locus local ize to both mitochondria and peroxisomes. Mutations in this gene may be associated with adult-onset sensorimotor neuropathy, pigmentary retinopathy, and adrenomyeloneuropathy due to defects in bile acid synthesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. Read-through transcription also exists between this gene and the upstream neighboring C1QTNF3 (C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 3) gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011] | 5 | 33986165 | 34008050 | Human | 263 | symbol , old_gene_name , COSMIC , Human Proteome Map | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 735889 | Amacr | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | Predicted to enable alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity and signaling receptor binding activity. Predicted to be involved in bile acid biosynthetic process. Predicted to act upstream of or within isoprenoid catabolic process. Located in mitochondrion. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; cranium; genitourinary system; liver; and respiratory system. Used to study alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency; congenital bile acid synthesis defect 4; and urinary bladder cancer. Orthologous to human AMACR (alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 15 | 10981875 | 10995693 | Mouse | 213 | symbol , PhenoGen , description | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 8720757 | Amacr | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | ENCODES a protein that exhibits alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity (ortholog); signaling receptor binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN bile acid biosynthetic process (ortholog); bile acid metabolic process (ortholog); PARTICIPATES IN bile acid biosynthetic pathway; cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis path way; congenital bile acid synthesis defect pathway; ASSOCIATED WITH adenoma (ortholog); alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency (ortholog); breast carcinoma (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); mitochondrion (ortholog); peroxisome (ortholog) | NW_004955426 | 19570179 | 19580920 | Chinchilla | 36 | symbol | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 11839824 | AMACR | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | ENCODES a protein that exhibits alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity (ortholog); signaling receptor binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN bile acid biosynthetic process (ortholog); bile acid metabolic process (ortholog); PARTICIPATES IN bile acid biosynthetic pathway; cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis path way; congenital bile acid synthesis defect pathway; ASSOCIATED WITH adenoma (ortholog); alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency (ortholog); breast carcinoma (ortholog); FOUND IN peroxisome (ortholog) | 5 | 76336631 | 76358724 | Bonobo | 37 | symbol | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 12229983 | AMACR | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | ENCODES a protein that exhibits alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity (ortholog); signaling receptor binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN bile acid biosynthetic process (ortholog); bile acid metabolic process (ortholog); PARTICIPATES IN bile acid biosynthetic pathway; cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis path way; congenital bile acid synthesis defect pathway; ASSOCIATED WITH adenoma (ortholog); alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency (ortholog); breast carcinoma (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); mitochondrion (ortholog); peroxisome (ortholog) | 4 | 73815438 | 73836016 | Dog | 53 | symbol | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 12577196 | Amacr | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | ENCODES a protein that exhibits alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity (ortholog); signaling receptor binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN bile acid biosynthetic process (ortholog); bile acid metabolic process (ortholog); PARTICIPATES IN bile acid biosynthetic pathway; cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis path way; congenital bile acid synthesis defect pathway; ASSOCIATED WITH adenoma (ortholog); alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency (ortholog); breast carcinoma (ortholog); FOUND IN peroxisome (ortholog) | NW_004936518 | 7072436 | 7088927 | Squirrel | 38 | symbol | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 14038679 | AMACR | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | ENCODES a protein that exhibits alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity (ortholog); signaling receptor binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN bile acid biosynthetic process (ortholog); bile acid metabolic process (ortholog); PARTICIPATES IN bile acid biosynthetic pathway; cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis path way; congenital bile acid synthesis defect pathway; ASSOCIATED WITH adenoma (ortholog); alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency (ortholog); breast carcinoma (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); mitochondrion (ortholog); peroxisome (ortholog) | | | | Pig | 53 | symbol | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 14369082 | Amacr | | | | | | Fly | | symbol | gene, null |
| 18735096 | AMACR | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | ENCODES a protein that exhibits alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity (ortholog); signaling receptor binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN bile acid biosynthetic process (ortholog); bile acid metabolic process (ortholog); PARTICIPATES IN bile acid biosynthetic pathway; cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis path way; congenital bile acid synthesis defect pathway; ASSOCIATED WITH adenoma (ortholog); alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency (ortholog); breast carcinoma (ortholog); FOUND IN peroxisome (ortholog) | | | | Green Monkey | 37 | symbol | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 18908406 | Amacr | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | ENCODES a protein that exhibits alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity (ortholog); signaling receptor binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN bile acid biosynthetic process (ortholog); bile acid metabolic process (ortholog); PARTICIPATES IN bile acid biosynthetic pathway; cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis path way; congenital bile acid synthesis defect pathway; ASSOCIATED WITH adenoma (ortholog); alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency (ortholog); breast carcinoma (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); peroxisome (ortholog) | | | | Naked Mole-Rat | 34 | symbol | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 155245504 | amacr | | | | | | Tropical Clawed Frog | | symbol | gene, null |
| 625906872 | Amacr | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase | ENCODES a protein that exhibits alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity (ortholog); signaling receptor binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN bile acid biosynthetic process (ortholog); bile acid metabolic process (ortholog); PARTICIPATES IN bile acid biosynthetic pathway; cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis path way; congenital bile acid synthesis defect pathway; ASSOCIATED WITH adenoma (ortholog); alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency (ortholog); breast carcinoma (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); mitochondrion (ortholog); peroxisome (ortholog) | | | | Black Rat | 36 | symbol | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 155257988 | amacr.L | | | | | | African Clawed Frog | | symbol | gene, null |
| 7367995 | C1QTNF3-AMACR | C1QTNF3-AMACR readthrough (NMD candidate) | This locus represents naturally occurring read-through transcription between the neighboring C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 3 (C1QTNF3) and alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) genes on chromosome 5. The read-through transcript is a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), and is thus not likely to produce a protein product. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011] | 5 | 33986986 | 34124528 | Human | 11 | symbol , COSMIC , name , description , Human Proteome Map | gene, ncrna, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 16552404 | AL451061.1 | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) pseudogene | | | | | Human | | name | gene, processed_pseudogene |
| 11870769 | C1QTNF3 | C1q and TNF related 3 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase activity (inferred); catalytic activity (inferred); identical protein binding (inferred); INVOLVED IN fat cell differentiation (ortholog); glucose homeostasis (ortholog); intracellular triglyceride homeostasis (ortholog); FOUND IN extrace llular space (ortholog); protein-containing complex (ortholog) | 5 | 76292679 | 76325064 | Bonobo | 28 | ensembl_gene_symbol | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 1563533 | Casz1 | castor zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN negative regulation of amacrine cell diff erentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of neuron differentiation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH atrial fibrillation (ortholog); autism spectrum disorder (ortholog); chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (ortholog); FOUND IN chromatin (ortholog); nucleoplasm (ortholog); INTERACTS WITH (+)-schisandrin B; alpha-Zearalanol; atrazine | 5 | 164527083 | 164677037 | Rat | 128 | description | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 9001610 | Casz1 | castor zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN negative regulation of amacrine cell diff erentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of neuron differentiation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH atrial fibrillation (ortholog); autism spectrum disorder (ortholog); chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (ortholog); FOUND IN chromatin (ortholog); nucleoplasm (ortholog) | NW_004955486 | 2923239 | 2975835 | Chinchilla | 19 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 11743137 | CASZ1 | castor zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (inferred); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (inferred); RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (inferred); INVOLVED IN negative regulation of amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of neuron differentiation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH atrial fibrillation (ortholog); autism spectrum disorder (ortholog); chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (ortholog); FOUND IN chromatin (inferred); nucleoplasm (inferred); nucleus (inferred) | 1 | 9396936 | 9557100 | Bonobo | 26 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 12399231 | CASZ1 | castor zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (inferred); RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (inferred); zinc ion binding (inferred); INVOLVED IN negative regulation of amacr 0;'>amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of neuron differentiation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH atrial fibrillation (ortholog); autism spectrum disorder (ortholog); chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (ortholog); FOUND IN chromatin (inferred); nucleoplasm (inferred) | 2 | 85194640 | 85218068 | Dog | 26 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 12552202 | Casz1 | castor zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (inferred); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (inferred); RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (inferred); INVOLVED IN negative regulation of amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of neuron differentiation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH atrial fibrillation (ortholog); autism spectrum disorder (ortholog); chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (ortholog); FOUND IN chromatin (inferred); nucleoplasm (inferred); nucleus (inferred) | NW_004936623 | 4478421 | 4503207 | Squirrel | 26 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 14073913 | CASZ1 | castor zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (inferred); RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (inferred); zinc ion binding (inferred); INVOLVED IN negative regulation of amacr 0;'>amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of neuron differentiation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH atrial fibrillation (ortholog); autism spectrum disorder (ortholog); chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (ortholog); FOUND IN chromatin (inferred); nucleoplasm (inferred) | | | | Pig | 26 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 18421054 | CASZ1 | castor zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN negative regulation of amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of cell differentiation (ortholog); negative reg ulation of neuron differentiation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH atrial fibrillation (ortholog); autism spectrum disorder (ortholog); chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (ortholog); FOUND IN chromatin (ortholog); nucleoplasm (ortholog) | | | | Green Monkey | 24 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 18925009 | Casz1 | castor zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN negative regulation of amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of cell differentiation (ortholog); negative reg ulation of neuron differentiation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH atrial fibrillation (ortholog); autism spectrum disorder (ortholog); chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (ortholog); FOUND IN chromatin (ortholog); nucleoplasm (ortholog) | | | | Naked Mole-Rat | 24 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 625844078 | Casz1 | castor zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN negative regulation of amacrine cell diff erentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of cell differentiation (ortholog); negative regulation of neuron differentiation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH atrial fibrillation (ortholog); autism spectrum disorder (ortholog); chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (ortholog); FOUND IN chromatin (ortholog); nucleoplasm (ortholog) | | | | Black Rat | 19 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 1312530 | Dlx2 | distal-less homeobox 2 | Enables several functions, including DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity; and single-stranded RNA binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of photoreceptor cell dif ferentiation; positive regulation of amacrine cell differentiation; and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation; nervous system development; and skeletal system development. Located in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including branchial arch; embryo ectoderm; genitourinary system; sensory organ; and tooth. Orthologous to human DLX2 (distal-less homeobox 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 2 | 71373752 | 71377095 | Mouse | 217 | description | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1306389 | Foxn4 | forkhead box N4 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cell differentiation (ortholog); neuron fate commitment (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleus (ortholog); INTERACTS WITH acetamide; acrylamide; bisphenol A | 12 | 47997308 | 48020526 | Rat | 87 | description | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 8899405 | Foxn4 | forkhead box N4 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cell differentiation (ortholog); neuron fate commitment (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleus (ortholog) | NW_004955455 | 9182405 | 9210365 | Chinchilla | 16 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 14066058 | FOXN4 | forkhead box N4 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cell differentiation (ortholog); neuron fate commitment (ortholo g); FOUND IN nucleus (inferred) | | | | Pig | 24 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 18927872 | Foxn4 | forkhead box N4 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cell differentiation (ortholog); neuron fate commitment (ortholog); FOUND IN nucle us (inferred) | | | | Naked Mole-Rat | 24 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 626045523 | Foxn4 | forkhead box N4 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cell differentiation (ortholog); neuron fate commitment (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleus (ortholog) | | | | Black Rat | 16 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 1562979 | Ikzf1 | IKAROS family zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ortholog); identical protein binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); B cell differentiation (ortholog); erythrocyte differentiati on (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ortholog); B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ortholog); chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog); pericentric heterochromatin (ortholog); INTERACTS WITH 17beta-estradiol; 17beta-estradiol 3-benzoate; 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine | 14 | 90468696 | 90556522 | Rat | 203 | description | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 9034251 | Ikzf1 | IKAROS family zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ortholog); identical protein binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); B cell differentiation (ortholog); erythrocyte differentiati on (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ortholog); B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ortholog); chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog); pericentric heterochromatin (ortholog) | NW_004955456 | 3617988 | 3721791 | Chinchilla | 95 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 11911387 | IKZF1 | IKAROS family zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits identical protein binding (ortholog); poly-pyrimidine tract binding (ortholog); sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); B cell differentiation (ortholog); establishment of pr otein localization (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ortholog); B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ortholog); chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive (ortholog); FOUND IN protein-DNA complex (ortholog) | 7 | 50946817 | 51047168 | Bonobo | 106 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 12096335 | IKZF1 | IKAROS family zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits identical protein binding (ortholog); poly-pyrimidine tract binding (ortholog); sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); B cell differentiation (ortholog); establishment of pr otein localization (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ortholog); B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ortholog); chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive (ortholog); FOUND IN protein-DNA complex (ortholog) | 18 | 1661851 | 1750987 | Dog | 102 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 12713343 | Ikzf1 | IKAROS family zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits identical protein binding (ortholog); poly-pyrimidine tract binding (ortholog); sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); B cell differentiation (ortholog); establishment of pr otein localization (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ortholog); B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ortholog); chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive (ortholog); FOUND IN protein-DNA complex (ortholog) | NW_004936686 | 1459582 | 1556478 | Squirrel | 99 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 14145660 | IKZF1 | IKAROS family zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits identical protein binding (ortholog); poly-pyrimidine tract binding (ortholog); sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); B cell differentiation (ortholog); establishment of pr otein localization (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ortholog); B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ortholog); chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive (ortholog); FOUND IN protein-DNA complex (ortholog) | | | | Pig | 102 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 18638519 | IKZF1 | IKAROS family zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits identical protein binding (ortholog); poly-pyrimidine tract binding (ortholog); sequence-specific DNA binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); B cell differentiation (ortholog); establishment of pr otein localization (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ortholog); B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ortholog); chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive (ortholog); FOUND IN protein-DNA complex (ortholog) | | | | Green Monkey | 100 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 18899955 | Ikzf1 | IKAROS family zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits identical protein binding (ortholog); poly-pyrimidine tract binding (ortholog); protein domain specific binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); B cell differentiation (ortholog); erythrocyte diffe rentiation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ortholog); B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ortholog); chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (ortholog); pericentric heterochromatin (ortholog); protein-containing complex (ortholog) | | | | Naked Mole-Rat | 99 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 626082955 | Ikzf1 | IKAROS family zinc finger 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ortholog); identical protein binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); B cell differentiation (ortholog); erythrocyte differentiati on (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ortholog); B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ortholog); chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog); pericentric heterochromatin (ortholog) | | | | Black Rat | 95 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 9055271 | Neurod1 | neuronal differentiation 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); anterior/posterior pattern specificat ion (ortholog); camera-type eye development (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH diabetes mellitus (ortholog); Experimental Diabetes Mellitus (ortholog); fundus dystrophy (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog); RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex (ortholog) | NW_004955403 | 15595888 | 15600040 | Chinchilla | 94 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 11743131 | NEUROD1 | neuronal differentiation 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); anterior/posterior pattern specificat ion (ortholog); camera-type eye development (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH diabetes mellitus (ortholog); Experimental Diabetes Mellitus (ortholog); fundus dystrophy (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog); RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex (ortholog) | 2B | 68939341 | 68943516 | Bonobo | 94 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 12331412 | NEUROD1 | neuronal differentiation 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); anterior/posterior pattern specificat ion (ortholog); camera-type eye development (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH diabetes mellitus (ortholog); Experimental Diabetes Mellitus (ortholog); fundus dystrophy (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog); RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex (ortholog) | 36 | 24853591 | 24857886 | Dog | 97 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 625941574 | Neurod1 | neuronal differentiation 1 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); anterior/posterior pattern specificat ion (ortholog); camera-type eye development (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH diabetes mellitus (ortholog); Experimental Diabetes Mellitus (ortholog); fundus dystrophy (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog); RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex (ortholog) | | | | Black Rat | 94 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 1310434 | Neurod4 | neuronal differentiation 4 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA binding (inferred); protein dimerization activity (inferred); INVOLVED IN positive regulation of cell differentiation; retina development in camera-type eye; amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); FOUND IN centrosome (ortho log); cytosol (ortholog); nucleoplasm (ortholog); INTERACTS WITH 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine; 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran; bisphenol A | 7 | 7740852 | 7828052 | Rat | 70 | description | gene, protein-coding, PROVISIONAL [RefSeq] |
| 1321333 | Neurod4 | neurogenic differentiation 4 | This gene belongs to the neurogenic differentiation factor family and encodes a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor which is expressed in the developing nervous system with high levels of expression in the brain, retina and cranial ganglions. Expression gradually becomes restricted to the neural retina. It is a key gene in the Ngn2-regulated neuronal differentiation pathway, coordinating the onset of cortical gene transcription. This gene also regulates amacrine cell fate determination in the retina. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016] | 10 | 130104021 | 130116123 | Mouse | 108 | description | gene, protein-coding, REVIEWED [RefSeq] |
| 8876507 | Neurod4 | neuronal differentiation 4 | INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); camera-type eye development (ortholog); cell fate commitment (ortholog); FOUND IN centrosome (ortholog); cytosol (ortholog); nucleoplasm (ortholog) | NW_004955458 | 2138849 | 2146636 | Chinchilla | 16 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 11989183 | NEUROD4 | neuronal differentiation 4 | INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); camera-type eye development (ortholog); cell fate commitment (ortholog); FOUND IN centrosome (ortholog); cytosol (ortholog); nucleoplasm (ortholog) | 12 | 33719986 | 33730012 | Bonobo | 16 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 18725756 | NEUROD4 | neuronal differentiation 4 | INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); camera-type eye development (ortholog); cell fate commitment (ortholog); FOUND IN centrosome (ortholog); cytosol (ortholog); nucleoplasm (ortholog) | | | | Green Monkey | 16 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 626082486 | Neurod4 | neuronal differentiation 4 | INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); camera-type eye development (ortholog); cell fate commitment (ortholog); FOUND IN centrosome (ortholog); cytosol (ortholog); nucleoplasm (ortholog) | | | | Black Rat | 16 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 1349299 | OPN4 | opsin 4 | Opsins are members of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor superfamily. This gene encodes a photoreceptive opsin protein that is expressed within the ganglion and amacrine cell layers of the retina. In mouse, retinal ganglion cell axons expressing this gene projected to the suprachiasmatic nucleus and other brain nuclei involved in circadian photoentrainment. In mouse, this protein is coupled to a transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel through a G protein signaling pathway and produces a physiologic light response via membrane depolarization and increased intracellular calcium. The protein functions as a sensory photopigment and may also have photoisomerase activity. Experiments with knockout mice indicate that this gene attenuates, but does not abolish, photoentrainment. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] | 10 | 86654547 | 86666460 | Human | 80 | description | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 621709 | Ptf1a | pancreas associated transcription factor 1a | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA binding; RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; chromatin binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN exocrine pancreas development; regulation of DNA-templated transcription; amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH cerebellar disease (ortholog); Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury (ortholog); Decreased Urinary Activity of Kallikrein (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm; nucleus; transcription regulator complex; INTERACTS WITH ammonium chloride; bisphenol A; sodium dichromate | 17 | 86959621 | 86961475 | Rat | 120 | description | gene, protein-coding, PROVISIONAL [RefSeq] |
| 8852726 | Ptf1a | pancreas associated transcription factor 1a | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cell differentiation (ortholog); cell fate commitment (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH cerebellar disease (ortholog); Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury (ortholog); Decreased Urinary Activity of Kallikrein (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog); transcription regulator complex (ortholog) | NW_004955429 | 5807804 | 5809522 | Chinchilla | 57 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 12003767 | PTF1A | pancreas associated transcription factor 1a | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cell differentiation (ortholog); cell fate commitment (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH cerebellar disease (ortholog); Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury (ortholog); Decreased Urinary Activity of Kallikrein (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog); transcription regulator complex (ortholog) | 10 | 23356165 | 23359579 | Bonobo | 57 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 18915914 | Ptf1a | pancreas associated transcription factor 1a | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cell differentiation (ortholog); cell fate commitment (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH cerebellar disease (ortholog); Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury (ortholog); Decreased Urinary Activity of Kallikrein (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog); transcription regulator complex (ortholog) | | | | Naked Mole-Rat | 62 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 625861049 | Ptf1a | pancreas associated transcription factor 1a | ENCODES a protein that exhibits chromatin binding (ortholog); DNA binding (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cell differentiation (ortholog); cell fate commitment (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH cerebellar disease (ortholog); Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury (ortholog); Decreased Urinary Activity of Kallikrein (ortholog); FOUND IN cytoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog); transcription regulator complex (ortholog) | | | | Black Rat | 57 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 8766837 | Rorb | RAR related orphan receptor B | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacr rine cell differentiation (ortholog); cellular response to retinoic acid (ortholog); circadian rhythm (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH endometriosis (ortholog); epilepsy (ortholog); genetic disease (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog) | NW_004955512 | 4362287 | 4541432 | Chinchilla | 38 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 11830595 | RORB | RAR related orphan receptor B | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); melatonin receptor activity (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cellular response to retinoic acid (ortholog); circadian rhythm (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH endometriosis (ortholog); epilepsy (ortholog); genetic disease (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (inferred); nucleus (inferred) | 9 | 50144836 | 50340910 | Bonobo | 55 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 12349018 | RORB | RAR related orphan receptor B | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); melatonin receptor activity (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cellular response to retinoic acid (ortholog); circadian rhythm (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH endometriosis (ortholog); epilepsy (ortholog); genetic disease (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (inferred); nucleus (inferred); INTERACTS WITH bisphenol A | 1 | 83470569 | 83666200 | Dog | 55 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 12676176 | Rorb | RAR related orphan receptor B | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); melatonin receptor activity (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cellular response to retinoic acid (ortholog); circadian rhythm (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH endometriosis (ortholog); epilepsy (ortholog); genetic disease (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (inferred); nucleus (inferred) | NW_004936503 | 10294530 | 10473070 | Squirrel | 55 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 14108869 | RORB | RAR related orphan receptor B | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); melatonin receptor activity (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cellular response to retinoic acid (ortholog); circadian rhythm (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH endometriosis (ortholog); epilepsy (ortholog); genetic disease (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (inferred); nucleus (inferred) | | | | Pig | 54 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 18571541 | RORB | RAR related orphan receptor B | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); melatonin receptor activity (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (ortholog); cellular response to retinoic acid (ortholog); circadian rhythm (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH endometriosis (ortholog); epilepsy (ortholog); genetic disease (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (inferred); nucleus (inferred) | | | | Green Monkey | 55 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 18922247 | Rorb | RAR related orphan receptor B | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacr rine cell differentiation (ortholog); cellular response to retinoic acid (ortholog); circadian rhythm (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH endometriosis (ortholog); epilepsy (ortholog); genetic disease (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (ortholog) | | | | Naked Mole-Rat | 53 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 625931452 | Rorb | RAR related orphan receptor B | ENCODES a protein that exhibits DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ortholog); DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacr rine cell differentiation (ortholog); cellular response to retinoic acid (ortholog); circadian rhythm (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH endometriosis (ortholog); epilepsy (ortholog); genetic disease (ortholog); FOUND IN nucleoplasm (ortholog); nucleus (ortholog) | | | | Black Rat | 38 | description | gene, protein-coding, MODEL [RefSeq] |
| 1321464 | Tgif1 | TGFB-induced factor homeobox 1 | Enables chromatin binding activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including negative regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of amacrine cell differentiation; and regionalization. Located in nucleus. Is express ed in several structures, including alimentary system; brain; early conceptus; embryo ectoderm; and genitourinary system. Used to study otitis media. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in holoprosencephaly and holoprosencephaly 4. Orthologous to human TGIF1 (TGFB induced factor homeobox 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 17 | 71151200 | 71160527 | Mouse | 288 | description | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1557804 | Tgif2 | TGFB-induced factor homeobox 2 | Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including nodal signaling pathway; positive regulation of amacr ine cell differentiation; and regulation of gastrulation. Predicted to be located in centrosome and nucleoplasm. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; brain; forelimb phalanx; genitourinary system; and sensory organ. Orthologous to human TGIF2 (TGFB induced factor homeobox 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025] | 2 | 156681737 | 156697490 | Mouse | 150 | description | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |
| 1561826 | Tgif2lx2 | TGFB-induced factor homeobox 2-like, X-linked 2 | ENCODES a protein that exhibits sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding (ortholog); INVOLVED IN amacrine cell differentiation (inferred); DNA-templated transcription (inferred); nodal signaling pathway (inferred); FOUND IN nucleus (inferred); INTERACTS WIT H 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine (ortholog); Aflatoxin B2 alpha (ortholog); benzo[a]pyrene (ortholog) | X | 88329744 | 88330830 | Rat | 25 | description | gene, protein-coding, VALIDATED [RefSeq] |