The compaction of chromatin into heterochromatin, a conformation that is refractory to transcription. Constitutive heterochromatin cannot be converted back to euchromatin, the transcriptionally-active conformation. In metazoa, this involves the methylation of histone H3K9.
dosage compensation by inactivation of X chromosome +
facultative heterochromatin formation +
heterochromatin boundary formation
negative regulation of heterochromatin formation +
pericentric heterochromatin organization
positive regulation of heterochromatin formation +