RGD Reference Report - The role of voltage-gated calcium channels in pancreatic beta-cell physiology and pathophysiology. - Rat Genome Database

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The role of voltage-gated calcium channels in pancreatic beta-cell physiology and pathophysiology.

Authors: Yang, SN  Berggren, PO 
Citation: Yang SN and Berggren PO, Endocr Rev. 2006 Oct;27(6):621-76. Epub 2006 Jul 25.
RGD ID: 2311105
Pubmed: PMID:16868246   (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI: DOI:10.1210/er.2005-0888   (Journal Full-text)

Voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels are ubiquitously expressed in various cell types throughout the body. In principle, the molecular identity, biophysical profile, and pharmacological property of CaV channels are independent of the cell type where they reside, whereas these channels execute unique functions in different cell types, such as muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, and hormone secretion. At least six CaValpha1 subunits, including CaV1.2, CaV1.3, CaV2.1, CaV2.2, CaV2.3, and CaV3.1, have been identified in pancreatic beta-cells. These pore-forming subunits complex with certain auxiliary subunits to conduct L-, P/Q-, N-, R-, and T-type CaV currents, respectively. beta-Cell CaV channels take center stage in insulin secretion and play an important role in beta-cell physiology and pathophysiology. CaV3 channels become expressed in diabetes-prone mouse beta-cells. Point mutation in the human CaV1.2 gene results in excessive insulin secretion. Trinucleotide expansion in the human CaV1.3 and CaV2.1 gene is revealed in a subgroup of patients with type 2 diabetes. beta-Cell CaV channels are regulated by a wide range of mechanisms, either shared by other cell types or specific to beta-cells, to always guarantee a satisfactory concentration of Ca2+. Inappropriate regulation of beta-cell CaV channels causes beta-cell dysfunction and even death manifested in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This review summarizes current knowledge of CaV channels in beta-cell physiology and pathophysiology.



RGD Manual Annotations

1 to 9 of 9 rows

  
Object Symbol
Species
Term
Qualifier
Evidence
With
Notes
Source
Original Reference(s)
CACNA1AHumaninsulin secretion pathway   TAS  RGD 
CACNA1CHumaninsulin secretion pathway   TAS  RGD 
CACNA1DHumaninsulin secretion pathway   TAS  RGD 
Cacna1aRatinsulin secretion pathway   TAS  RGD 
Cacna1aMouseinsulin secretion pathway   TAS  RGD 
Cacna1cRatinsulin secretion pathway   TAS  RGD 
Cacna1cMouseinsulin secretion pathway   TAS  RGD 
Cacna1dRatinsulin secretion pathway   TAS  RGD 
Cacna1dMouseinsulin secretion pathway   TAS  RGD 
1 to 9 of 9 rows

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Cacna1a  (calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 A) Cacna1c  (calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C) Cacna1d  (calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 D)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Cacna1a  (calcium channel, voltage-dependent, P/Q type, alpha 1A subunit) Cacna1c  (calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit) Cacna1d  (calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1D subunit)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
CACNA1A  (calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 A) CACNA1C  (calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C) CACNA1D  (calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 D)