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CROSS-SPECIES ANATOMY - ANNOTATIONS

The Basic subset of the UBERON integrated, cross-species anatomy ontology is downloaded weekly from http://berkeleybop.org/ontologies/uberon/basic.obo. For more information about this ontology see the "About" page on the UBERON website at http://uberon.github.io/about.html.
Term:diaphragm
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Accession:UBERON:0001103 term browser browse the term
Definition:A thin musculomebranous barrier that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities. Often used for breathing control.
Comment:[development-note] "originate from the cervical somites, likely C3-C5[PMID:23586979]"; [function-note] "barrier between thoracic and abdominal cavities; stop gastric contents from refluxing into the oesophagus"; [function-note] "breathing control"; [homology-note] "The mammals are characterized by a diaphragm, which separates the thoracic portion of the body cavity from the abdominal region and assists in drawing air into the lungs and forcing it out. Modern reptiles lack a muscular diaphragm and it is reasonable to suppose that the diaphragm developed as a new device that made possible a large degree of oxygen intake for active animals. The change may have taken place during the transition from reptile to mammal (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000713", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471384618 Colbert EH, Evolution of the vertebrates: a history of the backboned animals through time (2001) p.278", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"}; [taxon-note] "The existence of some membrane separating the pharynx from the stomach can be traced widely among the chordates. Thus amphioxus possesses an atrium by which water exits the pharynx, which has been argued (and disputed) to be homologous to structures in ascidians and hagfishes.[3]"; [taxon-note] "The urochordate epicardium separates digestive organs from the pharynx and heart, but the anus returns to the upper compartment to discharge wastes through an outgoing siphon (Thoracic_diaphragm#Comparative_anatomy_and_evolution)"
Synonyms:exact_synonym: diaphragm muscle;   diaphragm of thorax;   thoracic diaphragm
 related_synonym: midriff;   phren
 xref: BTO:0000341;   CALOHA:TS-0198;   EFO:0000937;   EHDAA2:0003495;   EMAPA:17701;   EV:0100376;   FMA:13295;   GAID:158;   MA:0001904;   MAT:0000502;   MESH:D003964;   NCI:C12702;   SCTID:181614006;   UMLS:C0011980;   VHOG:0000713;   Wikipedia:Thoracid_diaphragm
 external_ontology: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782
 relational_adjective: phrenic


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Term paths to the root
Path 1
Term Annotations click to browse term
  UBERON ontology 0
    anatomical entity 0
      material anatomical entity 0
        anatomical structure 0
          anatomical system 0
            respiratory system 0
              respiratory system muscle 0
                diaphragm 0
                  arcuate ligament + 0
                  central tendon of diaphragm 0
                  costal diaphragm 0
                  costodiaphragmatic recess 0
                  crus of diaphragm + 0
                  dome of diaphragm + 0
                  esophageal hiatus 0
                  mesothelium of diaphragm 0
                  percardiacophrenic artery 0
                  skeletal muscle tissue of diaphragm 0
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  UBERON ontology 0
    anatomical entity 0
      material anatomical entity 0
        anatomical structure 0
          multicellular anatomical structure 0
            multicellular organism 0
              embryo 0
                cleaving embryo 0
                  blastula 0
                    presumptive paraxial mesoderm 0
                      paraxial mesoderm 0
                        trunk paraxial mesoderm 0
                          presumptive segmental plate 0
                            presomitic mesoderm 0
                              somite 0
                                dermomyotome 0
                                  myotome 0
                                    skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate 0
                                      skeletal muscle of trunk 0
                                        thoracic segment muscle 0
                                          diaphragm 0
                                            arcuate ligament + 0
                                            central tendon of diaphragm 0
                                            costal diaphragm 0
                                            costodiaphragmatic recess 0
                                            crus of diaphragm + 0
                                            dome of diaphragm + 0
                                            esophageal hiatus 0
                                            mesothelium of diaphragm 0
                                            percardiacophrenic artery 0
                                            skeletal muscle tissue of diaphragm 0
paths to the root