Translocated Smad2/3-4 associate with several transcription factors and co-activators to achieve high selectivity to both positively and negatively regulate the expression of target genes. Transcription factors/co-activators associated with Tgf-beta Smad(s) are listed with aliases in parentheses, full names and links to report pages:
Foxh1 (FAST1) – forkhead box H1
Foxo1 – forkhead box O1
Foxo3 – forkhead box O3
Foxo4 – forkhead box O4
Crebbp (CBP, CBP/p300) – CREB binding protein
Runx1 (Aml1) – runt-related transcription factor 1
Runx2 (Cbfa1) – runt-related transcription factor 2
Runx3 – runt-related transcription factor 3
Atf3 (LRFI, LRF-1) – activating transcription factor 3