RGD Reference Report - Mitochondrial biogenesis fails in secondary biliary cirrhosis in rats leading to mitochondrial DNA depletion and deletions. - Rat Genome Database

RGD Reference Report - Mitochondrial biogenesis fails in secondary biliary cirrhosis in rats leading to mitochondrial DNA depletion and deletions. - Rat Genome Database

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Mitochondrial biogenesis fails in secondary biliary cirrhosis in rats leading to mitochondrial DNA depletion and deletions.
Authors:	Arduini, A Serviddio, G Escobar, J Tormos, AM Bellanti, F Vina, J Monsalve, M Sastre, J
Citation:	Arduini A, etal., Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Jul;301(1):G119-27. Epub 2011 Mar 17.
RGD ID:	6484526
DOI:	DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00253.2010 (Journal Full-text)
Chronic cholestasis is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, associated with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased activities of respiratory chain complexes, and ATP production. Our aim was to determine the molecular mechanisms that link long-term cholestasis to mitochondrial dysfunction. We studied a model of chronic cholestasis induced by bile duct ligation in rats. Key sensors and regulators of the energetic state and mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-to-nuclear DNA (nDNA) ratio (mtDNA/nDNA) relative copy number, mtDNA deletions, and indexes of apoptosis (BAX, BCL-2, and cleaved caspase 3) and cell proliferation (PCNA) were evaluated. Our results show that long-term cholestasis is associated with absence of activation of key sensors of the energetic state, evidenced by decreased SIRT1 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase levels and lack of AMPK activation. Key mitochondrial biogenesis regulators (PGC-1alpha and GABP-alpha) decreased and NRF-1 was not transcriptionally active. Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) protein levels increased transiently in liver mitochondria at 2 wk after bile duct ligation, but they dramatically decreased at 4 wk. Reduced TFAM levels at this stage were mirrored by a marked decrease (65%) in mtDNA/nDNA relative copy number. The blockade of mitochondrial biogenesis should not be ascribed to activation of apoptosis or inhibition of cell proliferation. Impaired mitochondrial turnover and loss of the DNA stabilizing effect of TFAM are likely the causative event involved in the genetic instability evidenced by accumulation of mtDNA deletions. In conclusion, the lack of stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis leads to mtDNA severe depletion and deletions in long-term cholestasis. Hence, long-term cholestasis should be considered a secondary mitochondrial hepatopathy.

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Object Symbol	Species	Term	Qualifier	Evidence	With	Notes	Source	Original Reference(s)
PPARGC1A	Human	primary biliary cholangitis		ISO	RGD:620925	mRNA, protein:decreased expression:liver	RGD
Ppargc1a	Rat	primary biliary cholangitis		IEP		mRNA, protein:decreased expression:liver	RGD
Ppargc1a	Mouse	primary biliary cholangitis		ISO	RGD:620925	mRNA, protein:decreased expression:liver	RGD

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)


Ppargc1a (PPARG coactivator 1 alpha)

Genes (Mus musculus)


Ppargc1a (peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha)

Genes (Homo sapiens)


PPARGC1A (PPARG coactivator 1 alpha)