RGD Reference Report - Piroxicam and C-phycocyanin mediated apoptosis in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride induced colon carcinogenesis: exploring the mitochondrial pathway.

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Piroxicam and C-phycocyanin mediated apoptosis in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride induced colon carcinogenesis: exploring the mitochondrial pathway.
Authors:	Saini, Manpreet Kaur Sanyal, Sankar Nath Vaiphei, Kim
Citation:	Saini MK, etal., Nutr Cancer. 2012 Apr;64(3):409-18. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2012.655402. Epub 2012 Feb 27.
RGD ID:	13703116
Pubmed:	PMID:22369161 (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI:	DOI:10.1080/01635581.2012.655402 (Journal Full-text)
Apoptosis is a synchronized procedure of cell death that is regulated by caspases and proapoptotic proteins. During apoptosis, translocation of cytochrome c, an electron carrier, from mitochondria into the cytosol is regulated by Bcl-2 family members. Cytochrome c in association with an apoptotic protease activating factor (Apaf), a proapoptotic protein essential for cell differentiation and procaspase-9 form the apoptosome complex, which consecutively activates effector caspase, caspase-3, and coordinate the implementation of apoptosis. In the current study, an attempt has been made to gain insight into piroxicam, a traditional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug and c-phycocyanin, a biliprotein from Spirulina platensis (cyanobacterium) mediated apoptosis in DMH-induced colon cancer. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were segregated into 5 groups: control, DMH, DMH + piroxicam, DMH + c-phycocyanin, and DMH + piroxicam + c-phycocyanin. Results illustrated that piroxicam and c-phycocyanin treatments stimulate cytochrome c release by downregulating the Bcl-2 (an antiapoptotic protein) expression significantly, while promoting the level of Bax (a proapoptotic protein), thereby activating caspases (caspases-9 and -3) and Apaf-1. The outcomes of the present study clearly signify that piroxicam and c-phycocyanin may mediate mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in DMH-induced colon cancer. Moreover, apoptosis induction was more apparent in the combination regimen of piroxicam and c-phycocyanin than the individual drugs alone.

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Object Symbol	Species	Term	Qualifier	Evidence	With	Notes	Source	Original Reference(s)
APAF1	Human	colon cancer	treatment	ISO	Apaf1 (Rattus norvegicus)		RGD
Apaf1	Rat	colon cancer	treatment	IEP			RGD
Apaf1	Mouse	colon cancer	treatment	ISO	Apaf1 (Rattus norvegicus)		RGD

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)

Apaf1 (apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1)

Genes (Mus musculus)

Apaf1 (apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1)

Genes (Homo sapiens)

APAF1 (apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1)

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Piroxicam and C-phycocyanin mediated apoptosis in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride induced colon carcinogenesis: exploring the mitochondrial pathway.