Send us a Message
Submit Data |  Help |  Video Tutorials |  News |  Publications |  Download |  REST API |  Citing RGD |  Contact   
Search RGD Grant Resources Citing RGD About Us Contact Us
Genes Variants Community Projects QTLs Strains Markers Genome Information Ontologies Cell Lines References Download Submit Data
OntoMate (Literature Search) JBrowse (Genome Browser) Synteny Browser (VCMap) Variant Visualizer Multi-Ontology Enrichment (MOET) Gene-Ortholog Location Finder (GOLF) InterViewer (Protein-Protein Interactions) PhenoMiner (Quatitative Phenotypes) Gene Annotator OLGA (Gene List Generator) AllianceMine GViewer (Genome Viewer)
Aging & Age-Related Disease Cancer & Neoplastic Disease Cardiovascular Disease Coronavirus Disease Developmental Disease Diabetes Hematologic Disease Immune & Inflammatory Disease Infectious Disease Liver Disease Neurological Disease Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome Renal Disease Respiratory Disease Sensory Organ Disease
Find Models Genetic Models Autism Models Rat PhenoMiner (Quantitative Phenotypes) Chinchilla PhenoMiner Expected Ranges (Quantitative Phenotype) PhenoMiner Term Comparison Hybrid Rat Diversity Panel Phenotypes Phenotypes in Other Animal Models Animal Husbandry Strain Medical Records Phylogenetics Strain Availability Calendar Rats 101 Submissions Photo Archive
Pathways
Rat Community Forum Directory of Rat Laboratories Video Tutorials News RGD Publications RGD Presentations Archive Nomenclature Guidelines Resource Links Laboratory Resources Employment Resources
Advanced Search (OLGA)

CROSS-SPECIES ANATOMY - ANNOTATIONS

The Basic subset of the UBERON integrated, cross-species anatomy ontology is downloaded weekly from http://berkeleybop.org/ontologies/uberon/basic.obo. For more information about this ontology see the "About" page on the UBERON website at http://uberon.github.io/about.html.
Term:liver
go back to main search page
Accession:UBERON:0002107 term browser browse the term
Definition:An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO].
Comment:[function-note] "secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO]."; [homology-note] "All vertebrates possess a liver (reference 1); Later in craniate evolution, an anterior gill arch was transformed into jaws, and many new types of feeding subsequently evolved.(...) A liver evolved that, among its many functions, stores considerable energy as glycogen or lipid (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000257", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.526, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"}; [taxon-note] "An organ sometimes referred to as a liver is found associated with the digestive tract of the primitive chordate Amphioxus. However, this is an enzyme secreting gland, not a metabolic organ, and it is unclear how truly homologous it is to the vertebrate liver. The zebrafish liver differs from the mammalian liver in that the hepatocytes are not clearly organized in cords or lobules and the typical portal triads are not apparent. In addition, the zebrafish liver does not have Kuppfer cells. Furthermore, a clear distinction can be made between the male and female liver in the adult zebrafish. The female hepatocytes are very basophilic (Figure 15c) as a result of the production of vitellogenin (Van der Ven et al. 2003)."; [taxon-note] "The liver is found in all vertebrates, and is typically the largest visceral organ. Its form varies considerably in different species, and is largely determined by the shape and arrangement of the surrounding organs. Nonetheless, in most species it is divided into right and left lobes; exceptions to this general rule include snakes, where the shape of the body necessitates a simple cigar-like form. The internal structure of the liver is broadly similar in all vertebrates."
Synonyms:related_synonym: iecur;   jecur
 xref: AAO:0010111;   BTO:0000759;   CALOHA:TS-0564;   EFO:0000887;   EHDAA2:0000997;   EHDAA:2197;   EMAPA:16846;   EV:0100089;   FMA:7197;   GAID:288;   MA:0000358;   MAT:0000097;   MESH:D008099;   MIAA:0000097;   NCI:C12392;   SCTID:181268008;   TAO:0000123;   UMLS:C0023884;   VHOG:0000257;   Wikipedia:Liver;   XAO:0000133;   ZFA:0000123;   galen:Liver
 relational_adjective: hepatic
 external_ontology: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606
 axiom_lost: relationship type change: differentiates_from endoderm (AAO:0000139) CHANGED TO: develops_from endoderm (relationship type change: differentiates_from endoderm (AAO:0000139) CHANGED TO: develops_from endoderm (UBERON:0000925)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010111", ontology="AAO)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010111", ontology="AAO


show annotations for term's descendants           Sort by:
Term paths to the root
Path 1
Term Annotations click to browse term
  UBERON ontology 0
    anatomical entity 0
      material anatomical entity 0
        anatomical structure 0
          endoderm-derived structure 0
            liver 0
              biliary ductule 0
              intrahepatic bile duct + 0
              ligament of liver + 0
              liver blood vessel + 0
              liver papillary process 0
              liver parenchyma + 0
              liver reticuloendothelial system 0
              liver serosa 0
              liver stroma + 0
              liver subserosa 0
              liver trabecula 0
              lobe of liver + 0
              metabolic zone of liver + 0
              triangular ligament of liver 0
              vasculature of liver + 0
              ventral liver lobe 0
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  UBERON ontology 0
    anatomical entity 0
      material anatomical entity 0
        anatomical structure 0
          multicellular anatomical structure 0
            multicellular organism 0
              embryo 0
                embryonic structure 0
                  embryonic tissue 0
                    germ layer / neural crest 0
                      germ layer 0
                        endoderm 0
                          endoderm-derived structure 0
                            endo-epithelium 0
                              epithelium of foregut-midgut junction 0
                                liver primordium 0
                                  hepatic diverticulum 0
                                    liver bud 0
                                      liver 0
                                        biliary ductule 0
                                        intrahepatic bile duct + 0
                                        ligament of liver + 0
                                        liver blood vessel + 0
                                        liver papillary process 0
                                        liver parenchyma + 0
                                        liver reticuloendothelial system 0
                                        liver serosa 0
                                        liver stroma + 0
                                        liver subserosa 0
                                        liver trabecula 0
                                        lobe of liver + 0
                                        metabolic zone of liver + 0
                                        triangular ligament of liver 0
                                        vasculature of liver + 0
                                        ventral liver lobe 0
paths to the root