RGD Reference Report - Specificity in beta cell expression of L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, short chain, and potential role in down-regulating insulin release. - Rat Genome Database

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Specificity in beta cell expression of L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, short chain, and potential role in down-regulating insulin release.

Authors: Martens, GA  Vervoort, A  Van de Casteele, M  Stange, G  Hellemans, K  Van Thi, HV  Schuit, F  Pipeleers, D 
Citation: Martens GA, etal., J Biol Chem. 2007 Jul 20;282(29):21134-44. Epub 2007 May 9.
RGD ID: 2302227
Pubmed: PMID:17491019   (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI: DOI:10.1074/jbc.M700083200   (Journal Full-text)

A loss-of-function mutation of the mitochondrial beta-oxidation enzyme l-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, short chain (HADHSC), has been associated with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in man. It is still unclear whether loss of glucose homeostasis in these patients (partly) results from a dysregulation of beta cells. This study examines HADHSC expression in purified rat beta cells and investigates whether its selective suppression elevates insulin release. Beta cells expressed the highest levels of HADHSC mRNA and protein of all examined tissues, including those with high rates of mitochondrial beta-oxidation. On the other hand, beta cells expressed relatively low levels of other beta-oxidation enzymes (acyl-CoA dehydrogenase short, medium, and long chain and acetyl-coenzyme A acyltransferase 2). HADHSC expression was sequence-specifically silenced by RNA interference, and the effects were examined on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion following 48-72 h of suppression. In both rat beta cells and in the beta cell line INS1 832-13, HADHSC silencing resulted in elevated insulin release at low and at high glucose concentrations, which appeared not to be caused by increased rates of glucose metabolism or an inhibition in fatty acid oxidation. These data indicate that the normal beta cell phenotype is characterized by a high expression of HADHSC and a low expression of other beta-oxidation enzymes. Down-regulation of HADHSC causes an elevated secretory activity suggesting that this enzyme protects against inappropriately high insulin levels and hypoglycemia.

Gene Ontology Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

Biological Process
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
fatty acid beta-oxidation  IMP 2302227 RGD 
negative regulation of insulin secretion  IMP 2302227 RGD 

Molecular Function
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity  IMP 2302227 RGD 

Molecular Pathway Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

RGD Manual Annotations

TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
fatty acid beta degradation pathway   ISOHadh (Rattus norvegicus)2302227; 2302227 RGD 
fatty acid beta degradation pathway   IMP 2302227 RGD 
Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Hadh  (hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Hadh  (hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
HADH  (hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase)


Additional Information