RGD Reference Report - Cdc42 GTPases facilitate TNF-alpha-mediated secretion of CCL2 from peripheral nerve microvascular endoneurial endothelial cells. - Rat Genome Database

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Cdc42 GTPases facilitate TNF-alpha-mediated secretion of CCL2 from peripheral nerve microvascular endoneurial endothelial cells.

Authors: Langert, KA  Von Zee, CL  Stubbs EB, JR 
Citation: Langert KA, etal., J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2013 Sep;18(3):199-208. doi: 10.1111/jns5.12032.
RGD ID: 11526148
Pubmed: PMID:24028188   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC3785369   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1111/jns5.12032   (Journal Full-text)

Trafficking of autoreactive leukocytes across the blood-nerve barrier and into peripheral nerves is an early pathological hallmark of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a proinflammatory cytokine, promotes transendothelial migration by upregulating endothelial expression of inflammatory mediators, including CCL2, a chemokine implicated in GBS. We sought to determine the mechanism by which TNF-alpha induces expression and secretion of CCL2 from peripheral nerve microvascular endoneurial endothelial cells (PNMECs). Expression of CCL2 mRNA and protein in quiescent PNMEC cultures was minimal. In contrast, cultures treated with TNF-alpha exhibited increased CCL2 mRNA and protein content, as well as protein secretion. Simvastatin significantly attenuated TNF-alpha-induced CCL2 secretion without affecting CCL2 mRNA or protein expression. Co-incubation with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, but not farnesyl pyrophosphate, prevented the effect of simvastatin. By comparison, inhibiting protein isoprenylation with GGTI-298, but not FTI-277, mimicked the effect of simvastatin and significantly attenuated transendothelial migration in vitro. Inhibition of the monomeric GTPase Cdc42, but not Rac1 or RhoA-C, attenuated TNF-alpha-mediated CCL2 secretion. TNF-alpha-mediated trafficking of autoreactive leukocytes into peripheral nerves during GBS may proceed by a mechanism that involves Cdc42-facilitated secretion of CCL2.



Objects referenced in this article
Gene Ccl2 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 Rattus norvegicus

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