RGD Reference Report - Changes in GABA transporters in the rat hippocampus after kainate-induced neuronal injury: decrease in GAT-1 and GAT-3 but upregulation of betaine/GABA transporter BGT-1.

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Changes in GABA transporters in the rat hippocampus after kainate-induced neuronal injury: decrease in GAT-1 and GAT-3 but upregulation of betaine/GABA transporter BGT-1.
Authors:	Zhu, XM Ong, WY
Citation:	Zhu XM and Ong WY, J Neurosci Res. 2004 Aug 1;77(3):402-9.
RGD ID:	1643206
Pubmed:	PMID:15248296 (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI:	DOI:10.1002/jnr.20171 (Journal Full-text)
The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporters GAT-1, GAT-2, GAT-3, and BGT-1 have been cloned and identified according to their differential amino acid sequences and pharmacologic properties. In contrast to GAT-1, -2, or -3, BGT-1 is capable of utilizing both GABA and betaine as substrates. Betaine has been suggested to be a protective osmolyte in the brain. Because changes in expression of GABA transporters/BGT-1 might result in alterations in levels of GABA/betaine in the extracellular space, with consequent effects on neuronal excitability or osmolarity, the present study was carried out to explore expression of GABA transporters in the rat hippocampus after kainate-induced neuronal injury. A decrease in GAT-1 and GAT-3 immunostaining but no change in GAT-2 staining was observed in the degenerating CA subfields. In contrast, increased BGT-1 immunoreactivity was observed in astrocytes after kainate injection. BGT-1 is a weak transporter of GABA in comparison to other GABA transporters and the increased expression of BGT-1 in astrocytes might be a protective mechanism against increased osmotic stress known to occur after excitotoxic injury. On the other hand, excessive or prolonged BGT-1 expression might be a factor contributing to astrocytic swelling after brain injury.

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Object Symbol	Species	Term	Qualifier	Evidence	With	Notes	Source	Original Reference(s)
SLC6A1	Human	temporal lobe epilepsy		IEP		protein:decreased expression:hippocampus	RGD
Slc6a1	Rat	temporal lobe epilepsy		IEP		protein:decreased expression:hippocampus	RGD
Slc6a1	Mouse	temporal lobe epilepsy		IEP		protein:decreased expression:hippocampus	RGD

Biological Process

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Object Symbol	Species	Term	Qualifier	Evidence	With	Notes	Source	Original Reference(s)
Slc6a12	Rat	response to kainic acid		IEP			RGD

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)


Slc6a1 (solute carrier family 6 member 1)	Slc6a12 (solute carrier family 6 member 12)

Genes (Mus musculus)


Slc6a1 (solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, GABA), member 1)

Genes (Homo sapiens)


SLC6A1 (solute carrier family 6 member 1)

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Changes in GABA transporters in the rat hippocampus after kainate-induced neuronal injury: decrease in GAT-1 and GAT-3 but upregulation of betaine/GABA transporter BGT-1.