Sun J, etal., Oncotarget. 2015 Dec 8;6(39):41997-2007. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.6015.
Ras is aberrantly activated in many cancers and active DNA demethylation plays a fundamental role to establish DNA methylation pattern which is of importance to cancer development. However, it was unknown whether and how Ras regulate DNA demethylation during carcinogenesis. Here we found that Ras d
ownregulated thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG), a DNA demethylation enzyme, by inhibiting the interaction of transcription activator ING4 with TDG promoter. TDG recruited histone lysine demethylase JMJD3 to the Fas promoter and activated its expression, thus restoring sensitivity to apoptosis. TDG suppressed in vivo tumorigenicity of xenograft pancreatic cancer. Thus, we speculate that reversing Ras-mediated ING4 inhibition to activate Fas expression is a potential therapeutic approach for Ras-driven cancers.
Zhang X, etal., FEBS Lett. 2004 Jul 16;570(1-3):7-12.
The known members of inhibitor of growth (ING) gene family are considered as candidate tumor suppressor genes. ING4, a novel member of ING family, is recently reported to interact with tumor suppressor p53, p300 (a major component of histone acetyl transferase c
omplexes), and p65(RelA) subunit of NF-kappaB. In this study, we investigated the cellular behaviors of HepG2 cells with exogenous ING4. Interestingly, the overexpression of ING4 negatively regulated the cell growth with significant G2/M arrest of cell cycle, and moreover, enhanced the cell apoptosis triggered by serum starvation in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, the exogenous ING4 could upregulate endogenous p21 and Bax in HepG2 cells, not in p53-deficient Saos-2 cells, suggesting that G2/M arrest induced by ING4 could be mediated by the increased p21 expression in a p53-dependent manner, although there is no significant increase of p53 expression in HepG2 cells. Moreover, HepG2 cells with exogenous ING4 could significantly increase cell death, as exposed to some DNA-damage agents, such as etoposide and doxorubicin, implying that ING4 could enhance chemosensitivity to certain DNA-damage agents in HepG2 cells.
Yan A, etal., Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015;37(1):55-66. doi: 10.1159/000430333. Epub 2015 Aug 12.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of microRNA miR-761 in the progression and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the mechanisms by which miR-761 regulates cell proliferation and metastatic activity of NSCLC cell lines. METHODS: Quantitative real-ti
me PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to assess miR-761 expression in NSCLC serum and tissue. MTT, wound healing, and transwell assays were performed to examine the role of miR-761 in regulation of cell proliferation and metastatic activity in NSCLC cell lines. In addition, the correlations of miR-761 expression with clinical-pathologic factors were statistically analyzed. Finally, we investigated whether miR-761 promotes proliferation and metastasis in NSCLC cell lines by targeting ING4 (inhibitor of growth family, member 4) and TIMP2 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2). RESULTS: MiR-761 was significantly upregulated in both NSCLC serum and tissues as compared to normal participants and paired noncancerous tissues respectively. Ectopic expression of miR-761 promoted cell proliferation and metastasis in H460 cells, while miR-761 inhibitor reduced proliferation rates and metastasis in H23 cells. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assay and functional analyses indicated that miR-761 directly targeted ING4 and TIMP2. CONCLUSION: miR-761 promotes progression and metastasis of NSCLC by targeting ING4 and TIMP2.