RGD Reference Report - A Western Diet Increases Serotonin Availability in Rat Small Intestine. - Rat Genome Database

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A Western Diet Increases Serotonin Availability in Rat Small Intestine.

Authors: Bertrand, RL  Senadheera, S  Markus, I  Liu, L  Howitt, L  Chen, H  Murphy, TV  Sandow, SL  Bertrand, PP 
Citation: Bertrand RL, etal., Endocrinology. 2010 Nov 10.
RGD ID: 4889469
Pubmed: PMID:21068163   (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI: DOI:10.1210/en.2010-0377   (Journal Full-text)

Diet-induced obesity is associated with changes in gastrointestinal function and induction of a mild inflammatory state. Serotonin (5-HT) containing enterochromaffin (EC) cells within the intestine respond to nutrients and are altered by inflammation. Thus, our aim was to characterize the uptake and release of 5-HT from EC cells of the rat ileum in a physiologically relevant model of diet-induced obesity. In chow-fed (CF) and Western diet-fed (WD) rats electrochemical methods were used to measure compression evoked (peak) and steady state (SS) 5-HT levels with fluoxetine used to block the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT). The levels of mRNA for tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) and SERT were determined by quantitative PCR, while EC cell numbers were determined immunohistochemically. In WD rats, the levels of 5-HT were significantly increased (SS: 19.2+/-3.7 muM; peak: 73.5+/-14.1 muM) compared with CF rats (SS: 12.3+/-1.8 muM; peak: 32.2+/-7.2 muM), while SERT-dependent uptake of 5-HT was reduced (peak WD: 108% of control versus peak CF: 212% control). In WD rats, there was a significant increase in TPH1 mRNA, a decrease in SERT mRNA and protein, and an increase in EC cells. In conclusion, our data show that foods typical of a Western diet are associated with an increased 5-HT availability in the rat ileum. Increased 5-HT availability is driven by the up-regulation of 5-HT synthesis genes, decreased re-uptake of 5-HT, and increased numbers and/or 5-HT content of EC cells which are likely to cause altered intestinal motility and sensation in vivo.




Biological Process

  
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Original Reference(s)
Slc6a4Ratresponse to nutrient  IEP  RGD 


Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Slc6a4  (solute carrier family 6 member 4)