Xdh (xanthine dehydrogenase) - Rat Genome Database

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Gene: Xdh (xanthine dehydrogenase) Rattus norvegicus
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Symbol: Xdh
Name: xanthine dehydrogenase
RGD ID: 62043
Description: Enables several functions, including 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding activity; molybdopterin cofactor binding activity; and oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to cytokine stimulus; response to aluminum ion; and response to hydrogen peroxide. Acts upstream of or within nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process. Located in extracellular space. Is active in cytosol and peroxisome. Used to study several diseases, including hypertension; hyperuricemia; interstitial nephritis; kidney failure (multiple); and renal fibrosis. Biomarker of several diseases, including cholestasis; liver disease (multiple); obesity; pancreatitis; and peritonitis. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including Lesch-Nyhan syndrome; cardiovascular system disease (multiple); chronic kidney disease; hyperuricemia; and xanthinuria type I. Orthologous to human XDH (xanthine dehydrogenase); PARTICIPATES IN adenine phoshoribosyltransferase deficiency pathway; adenosine monophosphate deaminase deficiency pathway; adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency pathway; INTERACTS WITH (+)-taxifolin; (R)-adrenaline; (R)-lipoic acid.
Type: protein-coding
RefSeq Status: PROVISIONAL
Previously known as: xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase; xanthine oxidase; xanthine oxidoreductase; XOR
RGD Orthologs
Human
Mouse
Bonobo
Dog
Squirrel
Pig
Green Monkey
Naked Mole-Rat
Black Rat
Alliance Orthologs
More Info more info ...
Allele / Splice: Xdhem1Mcwi ; Xdhem2Mcwi
Genetic Models: SS-Xdhem1Mcwi-/- ; SS-Xdhem1Mcwi+/- ; SS-Xdhem2Mcwi
Latest Assembly: GRCr8 - GRCr8 Assembly
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCr8627,282,319 - 27,344,022 (+)NCBIGRCr8GRCr8GRCr8
GRCr8 Ensembl627,282,057 - 27,344,350 (+)EnsemblGRCr8
mRatBN7.2621,530,463 - 21,592,172 (+)NCBImRatBN7.2mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl621,530,113 - 21,592,268 (+)EnsemblmRatBN7.2
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx621,859,036 - 21,920,809 (+)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHR_UtxUTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0622,174,874 - 22,236,649 (+)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0621,655,317 - 21,717,086 (+)NCBIUTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.0625,149,570 - 25,211,273 (-)NCBIRnor_6.0Rnor_6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl625,149,235 - 25,211,494 (-)Ensemblrn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0634,996,983 - 35,059,195 (-)NCBIRnor_5.0Rnor_5.0rn5
RGSC_v3.4621,417,685 - 21,590,015 (+)NCBIRGSC_v3.4RGSC_v3.4rn4
Celera621,081,179 - 21,143,279 (+)NCBICelera
RGSC_v3.1621,420,637 - 21,592,968 (+)NCBI
Cytogenetic Map6q13NCBI
JBrowse:




Disease Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View
acute kidney failure  (IDA,ISO)
Acute Lung Injury  (IEP)
Animal Mammary Neoplasms  (ISO)
Arterial Thrombosis  (IMP)
autistic disorder  (ISO)
Brain Injuries  (IEP)
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning  (IEP,IMP)
carcinoma  (ISO)
cardiomyopathy  (IDA,IMP)
cardiovascular system disease  (ISO)
carotid artery disease  (ISO)
cataract  (IEP)
cholestasis  (IEP)
chronic kidney disease  (IDA,ISO)
Colonic Neoplasms  (IEP)
congestive heart failure  (ISO)
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies  (IDA)
Diabetic Nephropathies  (IDA,ISO)
Experimental Arthritis  (IEP)
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus  (IEP)
Experimental Liver Neoplasms  (IEP)
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms  (ISO)
genetic disease  (ISO)
gout  (ISO)
heart disease  (ISO)
hepatocellular carcinoma  (IEP)
Hyperoxaluria  (IEP)
Hyperoxic Lung Injury  (IEP)
hypertension  (IDA,IEP,ISO)
hyperuricemia  (IDA,ISO)
Hypotension  (IEP)
interstitial nephritis  (IMP)
Intestinal Reperfusion Injury  (IEP)
ischemia  (ISO)
kidney failure  (ISO)
Kidney Reperfusion Injury  (IMP)
laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma  (ISO)
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy  (ISO)
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome  (ISO)
Liver Reperfusion Injury  (IEP)
major depressive disorder  (ISO)
middle cerebral artery infarction  (ISO)
multiple myeloma  (ISO)
Multiple Organ Failure  (ISO)
muscular disease  (IEP)
Myocardial Reperfusion Injury  (IEP)
Nerve Degeneration  (ISO)
obesity  (IEP)
pancreatitis  (IEP)
Penetrating Wounds  (IEP)
peritonitis  (IEP)
Pneumoperitoneum  (IDA)
portal hypertension  (IEP)
protein-losing enteropathy  (ISO)
pulmonary embolism  (ISO)
Puromycin Aminonucleoside Nephrosis  (IEP)
renal fibrosis  (IMP)
Renal Ischemia  (IEP)
Reperfusion Injury  (IDA,ISO)
Retina Reperfusion Injury  (IMP)
Sepsis  (IDA)
Shock  (IMP)
Spinal Cord Injuries  (IEP)
Testis Reperfusion Injury  (IDA)
thrombocytopenia  (ISO)
Transplant Rejection  (IMP)
urinary bladder cancer  (ISO)
xanthinuria  (ISO)
xanthinuria type I  (ISO)
xanthinuria type II  (ISO)

Gene-Chemical Interaction Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View
(+)-taxifolin  (EXP,ISO)
(R)-adrenaline  (EXP)
(R)-lipoic acid  (EXP)
(R)-noradrenaline  (EXP)
(S)-naringenin  (EXP)
(S)-nicotine  (EXP)
1,1-dichloroethene  (ISO)
1,2-dichloroethane  (ISO)
1,2-dimethylhydrazine  (ISO)
1,4-dithiothreitol  (EXP)
1-methyl-7H-xanthine  (ISO)
1-methyluric acid  (ISO)
1-naphthyl isothiocyanate  (ISO)
11-deoxycorticosterone  (EXP)
17alpha-ethynylestradiol  (EXP)
17beta-estradiol  (EXP,ISO)
17beta-estradiol 3-benzoate  (EXP)
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine  (EXP,ISO)
2,4-diaminotoluene  (ISO)
2,4-dinitrotoluene  (EXP)
2-acetamidofluorene  (EXP)
2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose  (EXP)
2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose  (EXP)
2-hydroxypropanoic acid  (ISO)
2-nitroanisole  (ISO)
2-nitrofluorene  (EXP,ISO)
3',5'-cyclic GMP  (EXP)
3'-amino-3'-deoxy-N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenosine  (EXP)
3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl  (EXP,ISO)
3,7-dihydropurine-6-thione  (EXP)
3-isobutyl-1-methyl-7H-xanthine  (ISO)
3-methylcholanthrene  (EXP,ISO)
3-phenylprop-2-enal  (EXP)
4'-epidoxorubicin  (EXP)
4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol  (ISO)
4-(N-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)butan-1-one  (EXP)
4-hydroxynon-2-enal  (ISO)
4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide  (ISO)
5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-benzimidazole  (EXP)
5-azaorotic acid  (ISO)
6-propyl-2-thiouracil  (EXP)
7,12-dimethyltetraphene  (EXP,ISO)
7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione  (EXP,ISO)
7H-xanthine  (EXP,ISO)
9H-xanthine  (EXP,ISO)
acetaldehyde  (ISO)
acetic acid  (ISO)
Aeol 10150  (ISO)
aflatoxin B1  (EXP,ISO)
Aflatoxin B2 alpha  (ISO)
aldehydo-D-glucosamine  (EXP)
aldehydo-D-glucose  (EXP)
all-trans-retinoic acid  (ISO)
allantoin  (EXP)
allopurinol  (EXP,ISO)
alloxan  (EXP)
alloxanthine  (EXP)
aluminium atom  (EXP)
aluminium(0)  (EXP)
amitrole  (EXP)
ammonium acetate  (EXP)
ammonium chloride  (EXP)
anthocyanin  (EXP)
apocynin  (EXP)
aristolochic acid A  (ISO)
Aroclor 1254  (ISO)
arsane  (ISO)
arsenic atom  (ISO)
arsenite(3-)  (ISO)
aspartame  (ISO)
avobenzone  (ISO)
baicalein  (ISO)
baicalin  (ISO)
Benoxacor  (ISO)
benzo[a]pyrene  (EXP,ISO)
Benzoyl peroxide  (ISO)
Bergenin  (ISO)
beta-D-glucosamine  (EXP)
beta-naphthoflavone  (ISO)
bezafibrate  (EXP)
bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate  (EXP,ISO)
bisphenol A  (EXP,ISO)
bisphenol F  (EXP)
bosentan  (ISO)
buspirone  (EXP)
butanal  (ISO)
Butylbenzyl phthalate  (ISO)
C60 fullerene  (EXP)
cadmium dichloride  (ISO)
caffeine  (ISO)
carbon monoxide  (EXP)
carbon nanotube  (ISO)
carboplatin  (EXP)
carvacrol  (ISO)
Chloramine  (EXP)
chloroprene  (ISO)
chlorpyrifos  (EXP)
chlorzoxazone  (ISO)
chromium(6+)  (ISO)
cis-caffeic acid  (ISO)
cisplatin  (EXP,ISO)
clofibrate  (EXP)
clofibric acid  (EXP)
cobalt dichloride  (EXP)
cocaine  (EXP)
copper atom  (EXP)
copper(0)  (EXP)
cordycepin  (ISO)
crocidolite asbestos  (ISO)
curcumin  (EXP)
cycloartenol  (ISO)
cyclophosphamide  (EXP)
cyclosporin A  (ISO)
cyhalothrin  (EXP)
D-glucose  (EXP)
DDE  (ISO)
DDT  (EXP)
dehydroepiandrosterone  (EXP)
dexamethasone  (EXP,ISO)
dextran sulfate  (ISO)
dextromethorphan  (ISO)
diallyl trisulfide  (ISO)
dibutyl phthalate  (ISO)
diethyl phthalate  (ISO)
diethylstilbestrol  (EXP,ISO)
diisobutyl phthalate  (ISO)
diisononyl phthalate  (ISO)
diisopropyl fluorophosphate  (EXP)
diosmin  (EXP,ISO)
dioxygen  (EXP,ISO)
diquat  (ISO)
diuron  (EXP)
dizocilpine maleate  (EXP)
doxorubicin  (EXP,ISO)
edaravone  (EXP)
endosulfan  (EXP)
enzyme inhibitor  (EXP)
epoxiconazole  (ISO)
erdosteine  (EXP)
ethanol  (EXP,ISO)
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid  (ISO)
Evodiamine  (ISO)
febuxostat  (ISO)
fipronil  (EXP)
flavonoids  (EXP)
fluocinolone acetonide  (ISO)
fluoranthene  (ISO)
formaldehyde  (ISO)
fructose  (EXP,ISO)
gallic acid  (EXP)
genistein  (ISO)
glucose  (EXP)
glutathione  (EXP)
glyburide  (ISO)
hydrogen peroxide  (EXP,ISO)
hydroxyl  (ISO)
hydroxytyrosol  (EXP)
hypoxanthine  (EXP,ISO)
indometacin  (EXP,ISO)
isoprenaline  (EXP,ISO)
isotretinoin  (ISO)
L-1,4-dithiothreitol  (EXP)
L-ascorbic acid  (ISO)
L-glutamine  (EXP)
L-methionine  (EXP)
lead(0)  (ISO)
lipoic acid  (EXP)
lipopolysaccharide  (ISO)
liraglutide  (ISO)
Lithospermic acid  (EXP)
lupeol  (ISO)
luteolin  (EXP)
mercaptopurine  (EXP)
Mesaconitine  (EXP)
methamphetamine  (ISO)
methapyrilene  (EXP)
methimazole  (EXP)
methylglyoxal  (ISO)
methylisothiazolinone  (ISO)
mitomycin C  (ISO)
molybdate  (ISO)
monosodium L-glutamate  (ISO)
myo-inositol hexakisphosphate  (EXP)
myricetin  (EXP)
N-acetyl-L-cysteine  (ISO)
N-acetyl-L-tryptophan  (ISO)
N-nitrosodiethylamine  (EXP)
N-nitrosodimethylamine  (EXP)
nefazodone  (EXP)
nickel atom  (ISO)
nicorandil  (EXP,ISO)
nicotine  (EXP)
nitric oxide  (ISO)
nitroprusside  (EXP)
O-methyleugenol  (ISO)
obeticholic acid  (ISO)
ochratoxin A  (ISO)
palytoxin  (ISO)
paracetamol  (EXP,ISO)
paraquat  (EXP,ISO)
pentachlorophenol  (ISO)
pentanal  (ISO)
pentetrazol  (EXP)
perfluorononanoic acid  (ISO)
perfluorooctanoic acid  (EXP)
permethrin  (ISO)
phenobarbital  (EXP,ISO)
PhIP  (EXP)
phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate  (ISO)
piperonyl butoxide  (EXP)
pirinixic acid  (EXP,ISO)
Potassium 2,6-dihydroxytriazinecarboxylate  (ISO)
potassium bromate  (EXP)
pregnenolone 16alpha-carbonitrile  (EXP)
progesterone  (EXP,ISO)
propanal  (ISO)
propiconazole  (ISO)
purine-6-thiol  (EXP)
quercetin  (EXP,ISO)
rac-lactic acid  (ISO)
raloxifene  (ISO)
reactive oxygen species  (EXP,ISO)
resveratrol  (EXP)
rotenone  (EXP,ISO)
rutin  (EXP)
SB 203580  (EXP)
Senkirkine  (ISO)
serotonin  (ISO)
silicon dioxide  (EXP,ISO)
silver atom  (ISO)
silver(0)  (ISO)
sodium acetate trihydrate  (EXP)
sodium arsenate  (ISO)
sodium arsenite  (EXP,ISO)
sodium benzoate  (EXP)
sodium disulfite  (EXP)
sodium fluoride  (ISO)
sodium molybdate (anhydrous)  (ISO)
sodium nitrate  (ISO)
sodium tungstate  (EXP,ISO)
streptozocin  (EXP)
sulfadimethoxine  (EXP)
superoxide  (ISO)
taurine  (EXP)
testosterone  (EXP)
Testosterone propionate  (EXP)
tetrachloromethane  (EXP,ISO)
thioacetamide  (EXP)
toluene  (EXP)
trans-caffeic acid  (ISO)
trichostatin A  (ISO)
trimellitic anhydride  (ISO)
Triptolide  (ISO)
trovafloxacin  (ISO)
tubocurarine  (EXP)
tungsten  (EXP,ISO)
valproic acid  (EXP,ISO)
vinclozolin  (EXP)
vitamin E  (EXP)
zearalenone  (EXP)
zinc atom  (EXP,ISO)
zinc sulfate  (EXP)
zinc(0)  (EXP,ISO)
zoledronic acid  (ISO)

Gene Ontology Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View

Cellular Component
cytoplasm  (IEA)
cytosol  (IDA,IEA,ISO)
extracellular region  (IEA)
extracellular space  (IBA,IDA)
peroxisome  (IDA,IEA)
sarcoplasmic reticulum  (IEA,ISO)

References

References - curated
# Reference Title Reference Citation
1. Activities of xanthine oxidoreductase and antioxidant enzymes in different tissues of diabetic rats. Aliciguzel Y, etal., J Lab Clin Med 2003 Sep;142(3):172-7.
2. Proteolytic conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase from the NAD-dependent type to the O2-dependent type. Amino acid sequence of rat liver xanthine dehydrogenase and identification of the cleavage sites of the enzyme protein during irreversible conversion by trypsin. Amaya Y, etal., J Biol Chem 1990 Aug 25;265(24):14170-5.
3. Hypovolemic shock promotes neutrophil sequestration in lungs by a xanthine oxidase-related mechanism. Anderson BO, etal., J Appl Physiol (1985). 1991 Nov;71(5):1862-5.
4. Localization of xanthine oxidase in crystalline cores of peroxisomes. A cytochemical and biochemical study. Angermüller S, etal., Eur J Cell Biol. 1987 Dec;45(1):137-44.
5. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in cancerous bladder tissue and their relation with bacterial infection: a controlled clinical study. Bayraktar N, etal., J Clin Lab Anal. 2010;24(1):25-30. doi: 10.1002/jcla.20356.
6. Modification of the xanthine-converting enzyme of perfused rat heart during ischemia and oxidative stress. Bindoli A, etal., Free Radic Biol Med. 1988;4(3):163-7.
7. Effects of imperatorin, the active component from Radix Angelicae (Baizhi), on the blood pressure and oxidative stress in 2K,1C hypertensive rats. Cao YJ, etal., Phytomedicine. 2013 Jun 6. pii: S0944-7113(13)00199-2. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.04.021.
8. Polydatin ameliorates renal injury by attenuating oxidative stress-related inflammatory responses in fructose-induced urate nephropathic mice. Chen L, etal., Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 Feb;52:28-35. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.10.037. Epub 2012 Nov 5.
9. [Study on Therapeutic Effects of Ermiao Pill and Ermiao Pill Categorized Formula in Hyperuricemic Rats Using Spectroscopic Methods]. Chen WJ, etal., Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi. 2015 Apr;35(4):956-60.
10. Identification of the rat xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase promoter. Chow CW, etal., Nucleic Acids Res 1994 May 25;22(10):1846-54.
11. Modulation of renal xanthine oxidoreductase in aging: gene expression and reactive oxygen species generation. Chung HY, etal., J Nutr Health Aging. 1999;3(1):19-23.
12. Lack of conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase during warm renal ischemia. Cighetti G, etal., FEBS Lett. 1990 Nov 12;274(1-2):82-4.
13. Protective effect of endogenous hydrogen sulfide against oxidative stress in gastric ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cui J, etal., Exp Ther Med. 2013 Mar;5(3):689-694. Epub 2012 Dec 20.
14. Taurine ameliorates alloxan-induced diabetic renal injury, oxidative stress-related signaling pathways and apoptosis in rats. Das J and Sil PC, Amino Acids. 2012 Oct;43(4):1509-23.
15. The effects of Nigella sativa oil, thymoquinone, propolis, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester on radiation-induced cataract. Demir E, etal., Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2016 Dec;128(Suppl 8):587-595. doi: 10.1007/s00508-015-0736-4. Epub 2015 Apr 10.
16. Lung oxidant changes after zymosan peritonitis: relationship between physiologic and biochemical changes. Demling R, etal., Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992 Nov;146(5 Pt 1):1272-8.
17. The effect of acute nonbacterial dependent peritonitis on lung and liver oxidant stress and antioxidant activity. Demling R, etal., Surgery. 1993 Sep;114(3):571-8.
18. Adenosine deaminase, 5' nucleotidase, xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities in cancerous and noncancerous human laryngeal tissues. Durak I, etal., Free Radic Biol Med. 1993 Dec;15(6):681-4. doi: 10.1016/0891-5849(93)90174-s.
19. Xanthine oxidase inhibition alleviates the cardiac complications of insulin resistance: effect on low grade inflammation and the angiotensin system. El-Bassossy HM and Watson ML, J Transl Med. 2015 Mar 6;13:82. doi: 10.1186/s12967-015-0445-9.
20. Hyperoxia and xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase activities in rat lung and heart. Elsayed NM and Tierney DF, Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989 Sep;273(2):281-6.
21. Effect of allopurinol on blood pressure of adolescents with newly diagnosed essential hypertension: a randomized trial. Feig DI, etal., JAMA. 2008 Aug 27;300(8):924-32. doi: 10.1001/jama.300.8.924.
22. Remote ischemic preconditioning differentially affects NADPH oxidase isoforms during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion. Garab D, etal., Life Sci. 2014 Jun 6;105(1-2):14-21. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.04.014. Epub 2014 Apr 24.
23. Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Gaudet P, etal., Brief Bioinform. 2011 Sep;12(5):449-62. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbr042. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
24. Rat ISS GO annotations from GOA human gene data--August 2006 GOA data from the GO Consortium
25. Mobilization of xanthine oxidase from the gastrointestinal tract in acute pancreatitis. Granell S, etal., BMC Gastroenterol. 2004 Jan 19;4:1.
26. Xanthine oxidoreductase and neurological sequelae of carbon monoxide poisoning. Han ST, etal., Toxicol Lett. 2007 Apr 25;170(2):111-5. Epub 2007 Feb 20.
27. Upregulation of xanthine oxidase by lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-1, and hypoxia. Role in acute lung injury. Hassoun PM, etal., Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998 Jul;158(1):299-305.
28. The prophylactic protective effect of sesamol against ferric-nitrilotriacetate-induced acute renal injury in mice. Hsu DZ, etal., Food Chem Toxicol. 2008 Aug;46(8):2736-41. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.04.029. Epub 2008 Apr 29.
29. [The protective effects of carbachol on visceral ischemia-induced lipid peroxidation injury in rats with sepsis]. Hu S, etal., Zhongguo Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue. 2009 Sep;21(9):552-4.
30. High Sodium-Induced Oxidative Stress and Poor Anticrystallization Defense Aggravate Calcium Oxalate Crystal Formation in Rat Hyperoxaluric Kidneys. Huang HS and Ma MC, PLoS One. 2015 Aug 4;10(8):e0134764. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134764. eCollection 2015.
31. Identification of two mutations in human xanthine dehydrogenase gene responsible for classical type I xanthinuria. Ichida K, etal., J Clin Invest. 1997 May 15;99(10):2391-7.
32. Subcellular localization of xanthine oxidase in rat hepatocytes: high-resolution immunoelectron microscopic study combined with biochemical analysis. Ichikawa M, etal., J Histochem Cytochem. 1992 Aug;40(8):1097-103. doi: 10.1177/40.8.1619276.
33. Decreased concentration of xanthine dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.204) in rat hepatomas. Ikegami T, etal., Cancer Res. 1986 Aug;46(8):3838-41.
34. The efficacy and safety of febuxostat for urate lowering in gout patients >/=65 years of age. Jackson RL, etal., BMC Geriatr. 2012 Mar 21;12:11. doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-12-11.
35. Xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition by NADH as a regulatory factor of purine metabolism. Jezewska MM and Kaminski ZW, Adv Exp Med Biol. 1979;122B:35-40.
36. Xanthine oxidase mediates cytokine-induced, but not hormone-induced bone resorption. Kanczler JM, etal., Free Radic Res. 2003 Feb;37(2):179-87.
37. Allopurinol benefits left ventricular mass and endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Kao MP, etal., J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Jul;22(7):1382-9. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2010111185. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
38. KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes KEGG
39. Antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of darbepoetin-a against traumatic brain injury in rats. Kertmen H, etal., Arch Med Sci. 2015 Oct 12;11(5):1119-28. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2015.54869.
40. Mannitol attenuates kidney damage induced by xanthine oxidase-associated pancreas ischemia-reperfusion. Khoury W, etal., J Surg Res. 2010 May 1;160(1):163-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.10.016. Epub 2008 Dec 30.
41. Renal oxidative stress following CO2 pneumoperitoneum-like conditions. Khoury W, etal., Surg Endosc. 2009 Apr;23(4):776-82. doi: 10.1007/s00464-008-0054-2. Epub 2008 Jul 16.
42. Serum level of Xanthine oxidase, Uric Acid, and NADPH oxidase1 in Stage I of Multiple Myeloma. Kohsari M, etal., Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2020 Aug 1;21(8):2237-2242. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.8.2237.
43. Effect of lowering uric acid on renal disease in the type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Kosugi T, etal., Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):F481-8. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00092.2009. Epub 2009 May 20.
44. Role of xanthine oxidoreductase in the anti-thrombotic effects of nitrite in rats in vivo. Kramkowski K, etal., Platelets. 2016;27(3):245-53. doi: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1083545. Epub 2015 Sep 16.
45. Multiple antioxidants improve cardiac complications and inhibit cardiac cell death in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Kumar S, etal., PLoS One. 2013 Jul 2;8(7):e67009. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067009. Print 2013.
46. Mammary inflammation around parturition appeared to be attenuated by consumption of fish oil rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Lin S, etal., Lipids Health Dis. 2013 Dec 31;12:190. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-12-190.
47. Xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase: a simple procedure for the simultaneous purification from rat liver. Maia L and Mira L, Arch Biochem Biophys 2002 Apr 1;400(1):48-53.
48. Nitrite reductase activity of rat and human xanthine oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase: evaluation of their contribution to NO formation in vivo. Maia LB, etal., Biochemistry. 2015 Jan 27;54(3):685-710. doi: 10.1021/bi500987w. Epub 2015 Jan 8.
49. Rat ISS GO annotations from MGI mouse gene data--August 2006 MGD data from the GO Consortium
50. Xanthine oxidase activity in intestinal tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride. Mitidieri E, etal., Arch Geschwulstforsch. 1988;58(2):79-80.
51. New developments in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Mordente A, etal., Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(13):1656-72.
52. Aluminium increases xanthine oxidase activity and disturbs antioxidant status in the rat. Moumen R, etal., J Trace Elem Med Biol 2001;15(2-3):89-93.
53. Electronic Transfer of LocusLink and RefSeq Data NCBI rat LocusLink and RefSeq merged data July 26, 2002
54. Mechanism of the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase: identification of the two cysteine disulfide bonds and crystal structure of a non-convertible rat liver xanthine dehydrogenase mutant. Nishino T, etal., J Biol Chem. 2005 Jul 1;280(26):24888-94. Epub 2005 May 4.
55. Xanthine oxidoreductase depletion induces renal interstitial fibrosis through aberrant lipid and purine accumulation in renal tubules. Ohtsubo T, etal., Hypertension. 2009 Oct;54(4):868-76. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.135152. Epub 2009 Aug 10.
56. OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline
57. Use of xanthine oxidase inhibitor febuxostat inhibits renal interstitial inflammation and fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstructive nephropathy. Omori H, etal., Clin Exp Nephrol. 2012 Aug;16(4):549-56. doi: 10.1007/s10157-012-0609-3. Epub 2012 Feb 18.
58. Sialic acid supplementation ameliorates puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis in rats. Pawluczyk IZ, etal., Lab Invest. 2015 Sep;95(9):1019-28. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.2015.78. Epub 2015 Jun 29.
59. KEGG Annotation Import Pipeline Pipeline to import KEGG annotations from KEGG into RGD
60. SMPDB Annotation Import Pipeline Pipeline to import SMPDB annotations from SMPDB into RGD
61. A mouse model of early-onset renal failure due to a xanthine dehydrogenase nonsense mutation. Piret SE, etal., PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e45217. Epub 2012 Sep 14.
62. Malignant transformation-linked imbalance: decreased xanthine oxidase activity in hepatomas. Prajda N and Weber G, FEBS Lett. 1975 Nov 15;59(2):245-9.
63. The role of xanthine oxidase in platelet activating factor induced intestinal injury in the rat. Qu XW, etal., Gut. 1999 Feb;44(2):203-11.
64. The role of xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase in skin ischemia. Rees R, etal., J Surg Res. 1994 Feb;56(2):162-7.
65. ClinVar Automated Import and Annotation Pipeline RGD automated import pipeline for ClinVar variants, variant-to-disease annotations and gene-to-disease annotations
66. Data Import for Chemical-Gene Interactions RGD automated import pipeline for gene-chemical interactions
67. Concentrations of adenosine and its metabolites in the rat retina/choroid during reperfusion after ischemia. Roth S, etal., Curr Eye Res. 1997 Sep;16(9):875-85.
68. A tungsten supplemented diet attenuates bacterial translocation in chronic portal hypertensive and cholestatic rats: role of xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase. Schimpl G, etal., Gut. 1999 Dec;45(6):904-10.
69. The impact of hepatic xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase activities on liver function in chronic cholestasis. Schimpl G, etal., Pediatr Surg Int. 2000;16(4):297-301.
70. Febuxostat improves the local and remote organ changes induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Shafik AN, Dig Dis Sci. 2013 Mar;58(3):650-9. doi: 10.1007/s10620-012-2391-1. Epub 2012 Sep 26.
71. Simultaneous treatment with citrate prevents nephropathy induced by FYX-051, a xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor, in rats. Shimo T, etal., Toxicol Sci. 2005 Sep;87(1):267-76. Epub 2005 Jun 2.
72. The effect of hyperthermia on conversion of rat hepatic xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase. Skibba JL, etal., Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 Dec 1;37(23):4592-5.
73. The xanthine oxidase inhibitor oxypurinol reduces cancer cachexia-induced cardiomyopathy. Springer J, etal., Int J Cardiol. 2013 Jun 7. pii: S0167-5273(13)00991-1. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.05.063.
74. Nephroprotective efficacy of chrysin against cisplatin-induced toxicity via attenuation of oxidative stress. Sultana S, etal., J Pharm Pharmacol. 2012 Jun;64(6):872-81. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01470.x. Epub 2012 Mar 22.
75. Nicorandil, a K(atp) channel opener, alleviates chronic renal injury by targeting podocytes and macrophages. Tamura Y, etal., Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2012 Aug 1;303(3):F339-49. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00158.2012. Epub 2012 May 23.
76. Effect of allopurinol on cardiovascular incidence among hypertensive nephropathy patients: the Gonryo study. Terawaki H, etal., Clin Exp Nephrol. 2012 Nov 29.
77. Leukocytes in carbon monoxide-mediated brain oxidative injury. Thom SR, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1993 Dec;123(2):234-47.
78. Efficacy and safety of allopurinol in patients with hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency. Torres RJ, etal., Metabolism. 2007 Sep;56(9):1179-86.
79. Febuxostat suppressed renal ischemia-reperfusion injury via reduced oxidative stress. Tsuda H, etal., Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Oct 19;427(2):266-72. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.032. Epub 2012 Sep 17.
80. Methane biogenesis during sodium azide-induced chemical hypoxia in rats. Tuboly E, etal., Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2013 Jan 15;304(2):C207-14. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00300.2012. Epub 2012 Nov 21.
81. Exaggerated liver injury induced by renal ischemia reperfusion in diabetes: effect of exenatide. Vaghasiya JD, etal., Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2010 Jul-Sep;16(3):174-80. doi: 10.4103/1319-3767.65187.
82. Localization of urate oxidase in the crystalline cores of rat liver peroxisomes by immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting. Völkl A, etal., J Histochem Cytochem. 1988 Apr;36(4):329-36. doi: 10.1177/36.4.3346536.
83. Xanthine oxidase activity in the dexamethasone-induced hypertensive rat. Wallwork CJ, etal., Microvasc Res. 2003 Jul;66(1):30-7.
84. Quercetin Protects against Cadmium-Induced Renal Uric Acid Transport System Alteration and Lipid Metabolism Disorder in Rats. Wang J, etal., Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:548430. doi: 10.1155/2012/548430. Epub 2012 May 29.
85. Oxidative state and oxidative metabolism in the brain of rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. Wendt MM, etal., Exp Mol Pathol. 2015 Jun;98(3):549-57. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.04.002. Epub 2015 Apr 11.
86. Dietary nicotinamide supplementation increases xanthine oxidoreductase activity in the kidney and heart but not liver of obese Zucker rats. Wu X and Wang M, J Nutr. 1995 Jul;125(7):1841-6.
87. Xanthine oxidase in experimental spinal cord injury. Xu J, etal., J Neurotrauma. 1991 Spring;8(1):11-8.
88. Associations of hypertension and its complications with variations in the xanthine dehydrogenase gene. Yang J, etal., Hypertens Res. 2008 May;31(5):931-40. doi: 10.1291/hypres.31.931.
89. Lipid peroxidation and changes in cytochrome c oxidase and xanthine oxidase activity in organophosphorus anticholinesterase induced myopathy. Yang ZP and Dettbarn WD, J Physiol Paris. 1998 Jun-Aug;92(3-4):157-61.
90. Hypouricemic effect of the methanol extract from Prunus mume fruit in mice. Yi LT, etal., Pharm Biol. 2012 Nov;50(11):1423-7. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2012.683115. Epub 2012 Sep 11.
91. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Rats Attenuates Ischemia-reperfusion Testicular Injury Through Blockade of Oxidative Stress, Suppression of Inflammation, and Reduction of Nitric Oxide Formation. Zhang Y, etal., Urology. 2013 Jun 12. pii: S0090-4295(13)00472-X. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2013.04.016.
Additional References at PubMed
PMID:8670112   PMID:12502743   PMID:12969896   PMID:14588143   PMID:15201549   PMID:15201667   PMID:15932896   PMID:16109514   PMID:16407880   PMID:16502470   PMID:17031261   PMID:17301076  
PMID:17301077   PMID:17370312   PMID:17440754   PMID:17597094   PMID:17765919   PMID:17920330   PMID:18083771   PMID:18386220   PMID:18424432   PMID:18487445   PMID:18818408   PMID:18974366  
PMID:19800018   PMID:20167676   PMID:20399619   PMID:20555367   PMID:21077683   PMID:21295134   PMID:22231435   PMID:22648241   PMID:22688000   PMID:24014679   PMID:24448833   PMID:25486021  
PMID:25751622   PMID:25817260   PMID:26119820   PMID:26663724   PMID:27078869   PMID:27198514   PMID:27573711   PMID:27585949   PMID:28025796   PMID:30059711   PMID:38358003  


Genomics

Comparative Map Data
Xdh
(Rattus norvegicus - Norway rat)
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCr8627,282,319 - 27,344,022 (+)NCBIGRCr8GRCr8GRCr8
GRCr8 Ensembl627,282,057 - 27,344,350 (+)EnsemblGRCr8
mRatBN7.2621,530,463 - 21,592,172 (+)NCBImRatBN7.2mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl621,530,113 - 21,592,268 (+)EnsemblmRatBN7.2
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx621,859,036 - 21,920,809 (+)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHR_UtxUTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0622,174,874 - 22,236,649 (+)NCBIUTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0621,655,317 - 21,717,086 (+)NCBIUTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.0625,149,570 - 25,211,273 (-)NCBIRnor_6.0Rnor_6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl625,149,235 - 25,211,494 (-)Ensemblrn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0634,996,983 - 35,059,195 (-)NCBIRnor_5.0Rnor_5.0rn5
RGSC_v3.4621,417,685 - 21,590,015 (+)NCBIRGSC_v3.4RGSC_v3.4rn4
Celera621,081,179 - 21,143,279 (+)NCBICelera
RGSC_v3.1621,420,637 - 21,592,968 (+)NCBI
Cytogenetic Map6q13NCBI
XDH
(Homo sapiens - human)
Human AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCh38231,334,321 - 31,414,742 (-)NCBIGRCh38GRCh38hg38GRCh38
GRCh38.p14 Ensembl231,334,320 - 31,414,747 (-)Ensemblhg38GRCh38
GRCh37231,557,187 - 31,637,608 (-)NCBIGRCh37GRCh37hg19GRCh37
Build 36231,410,692 - 31,491,115 (-)NCBIBuild 36Build 36hg18NCBI36
Build 34231,470,146 - 31,549,264NCBI
Celera231,399,873 - 31,481,045 (-)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic Map2p23.1NCBI
HuRef231,294,906 - 31,375,846 (-)NCBIHuRef
CHM1_1231,487,808 - 31,568,252 (-)NCBICHM1_1
T2T-CHM13v2.0231,378,697 - 31,459,436 (-)NCBIT2T-CHM13v2.0
Xdh
(Mus musculus - house mouse)
Mouse AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCm391774,190,890 - 74,257,191 (-)NCBIGRCm39GRCm39mm39
GRCm39 Ensembl1774,190,890 - 74,257,191 (-)EnsemblGRCm39 EnsemblGRCm39
GRCm381773,883,895 - 73,950,397 (-)NCBIGRCm38GRCm38mm10GRCm38
GRCm38.p6 Ensembl1773,883,895 - 73,950,196 (-)Ensemblmm10GRCm38
MGSCv371774,233,248 - 74,299,522 (-)NCBIMGSCv37MGSCv37mm9NCBIm37
MGSCv361773,788,790 - 73,855,081 (-)NCBIMGSCv36mm8
Celera1778,175,030 - 78,239,710 (-)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic Map17E2NCBI
cM Map1745.25NCBI
XDH
(Pan paniscus - bonobo/pygmy chimpanzee)
Bonobo AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
NHGRI_mPanPan1-v21295,076,064 - 95,156,263 (+)NCBINHGRI_mPanPan1-v2
NHGRI_mPanPan12A95,080,039 - 95,160,238 (+)NCBINHGRI_mPanPan1
Mhudiblu_PPA_v02A31,356,011 - 31,435,111 (-)NCBIMhudiblu_PPA_v0Mhudiblu_PPA_v0panPan3
PanPan1.12A31,425,183 - 31,504,455 (-)NCBIPanPan1.1PanPan1.1panPan2
PanPan1.1 Ensembl2A31,425,183 - 31,504,455 (-)EnsemblpanPan2panpan1.1
XDH
(Canis lupus familiaris - dog)
Dog AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
CanFam3.11724,900,708 - 24,960,748 (-)NCBICanFam3.1CanFam3.1canFam3CanFam3.1
CanFam3.1 Ensembl1724,901,447 - 24,971,935 (-)EnsemblcanFam3CanFam3.1
Dog10K_Boxer_Tasha1724,694,965 - 24,754,929 (-)NCBIDog10K_Boxer_TashaDog10K_Boxer_Tasha
ROS_Cfam_1.01725,464,496 - 25,524,534 (-)NCBIROS_Cfam_1.0ROS_Cfam_1.0
ROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl1725,465,095 - 25,524,434 (-)EnsemblROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl
UMICH_Zoey_3.11724,767,742 - 24,827,816 (-)NCBIUMICH_Zoey_3.1
UNSW_CanFamBas_1.01724,830,189 - 24,890,224 (-)NCBIUNSW_CanFamBas_1.0
UU_Cfam_GSD_1.01724,929,639 - 24,989,647 (-)NCBIUU_Cfam_GSD_1.0UU_Cfam_GSD_1.0
Xdh
(Ictidomys tridecemlineatus - thirteen-lined ground squirrel)
Squirrel AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
HiC_Itri_2NW_02440629269,015,034 - 69,076,787 (-)NCBIHiC_Itri_2
SpeTri2.0 EnsemblNW_0049364931,762,869 - 1,823,238 (+)EnsemblSpeTri2.0 Ensembl
SpeTri2.0NW_0049364931,762,814 - 1,824,501 (+)NCBISpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0
XDH
(Sus scrofa - pig)
Pig AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
Sscrofa11.1 Ensembl3107,987,126 - 108,053,169 (+)EnsemblsusScr11Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa11.13107,987,060 - 108,052,043 (+)NCBISscrofa11.1Sscrofa11.1susScr11Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa10.23114,732,427 - 114,796,636 (+)NCBISscrofa10.2Sscrofa10.2susScr3
XDH
(Chlorocebus sabaeus - green monkey)
Green Monkey AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
ChlSab1.11476,084,693 - 76,162,840 (+)NCBIChlSab1.1ChlSab1.1chlSab2
ChlSab1.1 Ensembl1476,085,368 - 76,163,936 (+)EnsemblChlSab1.1 EnsemblchlSab2Vervet-AGM
Vero_WHO_p1.0NW_02366604535,902,856 - 35,979,384 (-)NCBIVero_WHO_p1.0Vero_WHO_p1.0
Xdh
(Heterocephalus glaber - naked mole-rat)
Naked Mole-Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
HetGla_female_1.0 EnsemblNW_00462473813,115,982 - 13,181,352 (-)EnsemblHetGla_female_1.0 EnsemblhetGla2HetGla_female_1.0 Ensembl
HetGla 1.0NW_00462473813,116,317 - 13,180,935 (-)NCBIHetGla 1.0HetGla 1.0hetGla2
Xdh
(Rattus rattus - black rat)
Black Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
Rrattus_CSIRO_v1719,300,306 - 19,363,529 (+)NCBIRrattus_CSIRO_v1

Variants

.
Variants in Xdh
137 total Variants
miRNA Target Status (No longer updated)

Predicted Target Of
Summary Value
Count of predictions:53
Count of miRNA genes:48
Interacting mature miRNAs:49
Transcripts:ENSRNOT00000009634
Prediction methods:Microtar, Miranda, Rnahybrid
Result types:miRGate_prediction

The detailed report is available here: Full Report CSV TAB Printer

miRNA Target Status data imported from miRGate (http://mirgate.bioinfo.cnio.es/).
For more information about miRGate, see PMID:25858286 or access the full paper here.


QTLs in Region (GRCr8)
The following QTLs overlap with this region.    Full Report CSV TAB Printer Gviewer
RGD IDSymbolNameLODP ValueTraitSub TraitChrStartStopSpecies
8552962Pigfal16Plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 level QTL 169.4blood insulin-like growth factor amount (VT:0010479)plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 level (CMO:0001299)6197587946975879Rat
8693645Alc31Alcohol consumption QTL 313.70.038drinking behavior trait (VT:0001422)calculated ethanol drink intake rate (CMO:0001615)62328466429732046Rat
10401812Kidm54Kidney mass QTL 54kidney mass (VT:0002707)both kidneys wet weight (CMO:0000085)62009763565097635Rat
8552910Pigfal5Plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 level QTL 54.3blood insulin-like growth factor amount (VT:0010479)plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 level (CMO:0001299)62265388967653889Rat
2292589Emca10Estrogen-induced mammary cancer QTL 100.048mammary gland integrity trait (VT:0010552)post-insult time to mammary tumor formation (CMO:0000345)62228825727729050Rat
10401800Kidm49Kidney mass QTL 49kidney mass (VT:0002707)both kidneys wet weight (CMO:0000085)62009763565097635Rat
1300164Rf15Renal function QTL 153.12renal blood flow trait (VT:2000006)absolute change in renal blood flow rate (CMO:0001168)6323998948239989Rat
9589129Insul24Insulin level QTL 2419.060.001blood insulin amount (VT:0001560)plasma insulin level (CMO:0000342)6197587946975879Rat
7411603Foco13Food consumption QTL 135.50.001eating behavior trait (VT:0001431)feed conversion ratio (CMO:0001312)6197587946975879Rat
1598843Cm63Cardiac mass QTL 632.6heart mass (VT:0007028)heart weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000074)6144788383Rat
7411542Bw127Body weight QTL 1275.50.001body mass (VT:0001259)body weight gain (CMO:0000420)6197587946975879Rat
2292616Ept15Estrogen-induced pituitary tumorigenesis QTL 154.4pituitary gland mass (VT:0010496)pituitary gland wet weight (CMO:0000853)6144788383Rat
9589048Scfw3Subcutaneous fat weight QTL 34.570.001subcutaneous adipose mass (VT:1000472)abdominal subcutaneous fat pad weight (CMO:0002069)6197587946975879Rat
2293839Kiddil2Kidney dilation QTL 24.8kidney pelvis morphology trait (VT:0004194)hydronephrosis severity score (CMO:0001208)62661831486868070Rat
1576309Emca7Estrogen-induced mammary cancer QTL 74mammary gland integrity trait (VT:0010552)mammary tumor number (CMO:0000343)620859430113082285Rat
2301964Bp323Blood pressure QTL 3234.3arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)6186868070Rat
2293709Bss23Bone structure and strength QTL 235.180.0001femur morphology trait (VT:0000559)femur cross-sectional area (CMO:0001661)6323998948239989Rat
2293650Bss31Bone structure and strength QTL 315.050.0001femur strength trait (VT:0010010)femur midshaft polar moment of inertia (CMO:0001669)6323998948239989Rat
2293841Kiddil4Kidney dilation QTL 44.4kidney pelvis morphology trait (VT:0004194)hydronephrosis severity score (CMO:0001208)62661831486868070Rat
1300128Rf16Renal function QTL 163.89renal blood flow trait (VT:2000006)absolute change in renal blood flow rate (CMO:0001168)6140163351Rat
70199Coreg1Compensatory renal growth QTL 111.8kidney mass (VT:0002707)compensatory renal growth score (CMO:0001894)61459947363457687Rat
2301972Bp325Blood pressure QTL 3254.8arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)61608937261967788Rat
1358190Ept1Estrogen-induced pituitary tumorigenesis QTL 14.4pituitary gland mass (VT:0010496)pituitary gland wet weight (CMO:0000853)6144788383Rat
2293656Bss28Bone structure and strength QTL 286.790.0001femur morphology trait (VT:0000559)femur midshaft cortical cross-sectional area (CMO:0001663)6323998948239989Rat
1359023Bp272Blood pressure QTL 2722.5arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)62228825732981219Rat
1354664Slep2Serum leptin concentration QTL 24.49blood leptin amount (VT:0005667)serum leptin level (CMO:0000780)62228825767288257Rat

Markers in Region
D6Rat74  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
GRCr8627,172,060 - 27,172,292 (+)Marker Load Pipeline
mRatBN7.2621,420,196 - 21,420,428 (+)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2621,420,196 - 21,420,428 (-)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.0622,591,778 - 22,592,009NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_6.0625,321,298 - 25,321,529NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_5.0635,169,195 - 35,169,426UniSTSRnor5.0
Rnor_5.0632,478,223 - 32,478,454UniSTSRnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4621,447,493 - 21,447,724UniSTSRGSC3.4
RGSC_v3.4621,447,492 - 21,447,724RGDRGSC3.4
Celera620,970,862 - 20,971,109UniSTS
RGSC_v3.1621,450,277 - 21,450,691RGD
SHRSP x BN Map620.6398UniSTS
SHRSP x BN Map620.6398RGD
Cytogenetic Map6q13UniSTS
RH136872  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
mRatBN7.2621,592,194 - 21,592,392 (-)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.0625,149,350 - 25,149,547NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_5.0634,996,763 - 34,996,960UniSTSRnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4621,590,038 - 21,590,235UniSTSRGSC3.4
Celera621,143,302 - 21,143,499UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map6q13UniSTS
BE120616  
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceJBrowse
mRatBN7.2621,456,451 - 21,456,635 (-)MAPPERmRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.0625,285,094 - 25,285,277NCBIRnor6.0
Rnor_5.0635,132,991 - 35,133,174UniSTSRnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4621,483,767 - 21,483,950UniSTSRGSC3.4
Celera621,007,206 - 21,007,389UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map6q13UniSTS


Genetic Models
This gene Xdh is modified in the following models/strains:
SS-Xdhem1Mcwi-/-     SS-Xdhem1Mcwi+/-     SS-Xdhem2Mcwi    


Expression

RNA-SEQ Expression

alimentary part of gastrointestinal system
appendage
circulatory system
ectoderm
endocrine system
endoderm
exocrine system
hemolymphoid system
hepatobiliary system
integumental system
mesenchyme
mesoderm
musculoskeletal system
nervous system
renal system
reproductive system
respiratory system
sensory system
visual system
16 12 67 160 91 90 59 92 59 6 356 192 11 138 81 92 31 16 16

Sequence

Nucleotide Sequences
RefSeq Transcripts NM_017154 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
GenBank Nucleotide AC128261 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  AH000836 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  DQ104432 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  FB789770 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  FB794695 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  FB798942 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  FB811713 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  FB848248 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  FB866510 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  FB885376 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  FB890763 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  FB896523 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  HB659829 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  HB664754 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  HB669001 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  HB681772 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  HB718307 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  HB736569 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  HB755435 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  HB760822 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  HB766582 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  J05579 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  JAXUCZ010000006 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
  U08123 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer   Search GEO for Microarray Profiles

Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000009634   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000009634
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8 Ensembl627,282,057 - 27,344,350 (+)Ensembl
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl621,530,481 - 21,592,268 (+)Ensembl
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl625,149,235 - 25,211,494 (-)Ensembl
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000101107   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000076909
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl621,530,113 - 21,589,971 (+)Ensembl
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000110434   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000079949
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8 Ensembl627,292,967 - 27,344,350 (+)Ensembl
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl621,541,111 - 21,592,268 (+)Ensembl
RefSeq Acc Id: NM_017154   ⟹   NP_058850
RefSeq Status: PROVISIONAL
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8627,282,319 - 27,344,022 (+)NCBI
mRatBN7.2621,530,463 - 21,592,172 (+)NCBI
Rnor_6.0625,149,570 - 25,211,273 (-)NCBI
Rnor_5.0634,996,983 - 35,059,195 (-)NCBI
RGSC_v3.4621,417,685 - 21,590,015 (+)RGD
Celera621,081,179 - 21,143,279 (+)RGD
Sequence:
RefSeq Acc Id: NP_058850   ⟸   NM_017154
- UniProtKB: Q63157 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot),   P22985 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot),   A6H9Z6 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL),   F1LQS6 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
- Sequence:
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000009634   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000009634
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000076909   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000101107
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000079949   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000110434
Protein Domains
2Fe-2S ferredoxin-type   FAD-binding PCMH-type

Protein Structures
Name Modeler Protein Id AA Range Protein Structure
AF-P22985-F1-model_v2 AlphaFold P22985 1-1331 view protein structure

Transcriptome

eQTL   View at Phenogen
WGCNA   View at Phenogen
Tissue/Strain Expression   View at Phenogen

Promoters
RGD ID:13694425
Promoter ID:EPDNEW_R4950
Type:initiation region
Name:Xdh_1
Description:xanthine dehydrogenase
SO ACC ID:SO:0000170
Source:EPDNEW (Eukaryotic Promoter Database, http://epd.vital-it.ch/)
Experiment Methods:Single-end sequencing.
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
Rnor_6.0625,211,266 - 25,211,326EPDNEW

Additional Information

Database Acc Id Source(s)
AGR Gene RGD:62043 AgrOrtholog
BioCyc Gene G2FUF-38428 BioCyc
BioCyc Pathway PWY-5695 [inosine 5'-phosphate degradation] BioCyc
  PWY-6608 [guanosine nucleotides degradation III] BioCyc
  SALVADEHYPOX-PWY [adenosine nucleotides degradation II] BioCyc
BioCyc Pathway Image PWY-5695 BioCyc
  PWY-6608 BioCyc
  SALVADEHYPOX-PWY BioCyc
Ensembl Genes ENSRNOG00000007081 Ensembl, ENTREZGENE
Ensembl Transcript ENSRNOT00000009634 ENTREZGENE
Gene3D-CATH 3.10.20.30 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  3.30.43.10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  3.30.465.10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  [2Fe-2S]-binding domain UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, a/b hammerhead UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, molybdopterin binding domain UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  CO dehydrogenase flavoprotein, C-terminal domain UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
InterPro 2Fe-2S-bd UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  2Fe-2S-bd_dom_sf UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  2Fe-2S_ferredoxin-like_sf UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  2Fe-2S_ferredoxin-type UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  2Fe2S_fd_BS UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Ald_Oxase/Xan_DH_a/b UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Ald_Oxase/Xan_DH_a/b_sf UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Ald_Oxase/xanthine_DH UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  AldOxase/xan_DH_MoCoBD2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  AldOxase/xan_DH_Mopterin-bd UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  AldOxase/xan_DH_Mopterin-bd_sf UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Beta-grasp_dom_sf UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  CO_DH_flav_C UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  CO_DH_flav_C_dom_sf UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  FAD-bd_PCMH UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  FAD-bd_PCMH-like_sf UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  FAD-bd_PCMH_sub1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  FAD-bd_PCMH_sub2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Mopterin_DH_FAD-bd UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  OxRdtase_Mopterin_BS UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Xanthine_DH_ssu UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
KEGG Report rno:497811 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
NCBI Gene Xdh ENTREZGENE
PANTHER XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Pfam Ald_Xan_dh_C UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Ald_Xan_dh_C2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  CO_deh_flav_C UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  FAD_binding_5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Fer2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  Fer2_2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  MoCoBD_2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PharmGKB XDH RGD
PhenoGen Xdh PhenoGen
PIRSF Xanthine_DH UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PROSITE 2FE2S_FER_1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  2FE2S_FER_2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  FAD_PCMH UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  MOLYBDOPTERIN_EUK UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
RatGTEx ENSRNOG00000007081 RatGTEx
SMART Ald_Xan_dh_C UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  CO_deh_flav_C UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Superfamily-SCOP SSF47741 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  SSF54292 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  SSF54665 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  SSF55447 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  SSF56003 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  SSF56176 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProt A0A8I5ZPE7_RAT UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  A6H9Z6 ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  F1LQS6 ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  P22985 ENTREZGENE
  Q63157 ENTREZGENE
  XDH_RAT UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProt Secondary Q63157 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot


Nomenclature History
Date Current Symbol Current Name Previous Symbol Previous Name Description Reference Status
2002-06-10 Xdh  xanthine dehydrogenase      Name updated 70584 APPROVED

RGD Curation Notes
Note Type Note Reference