RGD Reference Report - Control of transcriptional elongation. - Rat Genome Database

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Control of transcriptional elongation.

Authors: Kwak, H  Lis, JT 
Citation: Kwak H and Lis JT, Annu Rev Genet. 2013;47:483-508. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genet-110711-155440. Epub 2013 Sep 11.
RGD ID: 9681735
Pubmed: PMID:24050178   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC3974797   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-110711-155440   (Journal Full-text)

Elongation is becoming increasingly recognized as a critical step in eukaryotic transcriptional regulation. Although traditional genetic and biochemical studies have identified major players of transcriptional elongation, our understanding of the importance and roles of these factors is evolving rapidly through the recent advances in genome-wide and single-molecule technologies. Here, we focus on how elongation can modulate the transcriptional outcome through the rate-liming step of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) pausing near promoters and how the participating factors were identified. Among the factors we describe are the pausing factors--NELF (negative elongation factor) and DSIF (DRB sensitivity-inducing factor)--and P-TEFb (positive elongation factor b), which is the key player in pause release. We also describe the high-resolution view of Pol II pausing and propose nonexclusive models for how pausing is achieved. We then discuss Pol II elongation through the bodies of genes and the roles of FACT and SPT6, factors that allow Pol II to move through nucleosomes.



Molecular Pathway Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

RGD Manual Annotations


  
Object SymbolSpeciesTermQualifierEvidenceWithNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
CCNKHumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
CCNT1HumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
CCNT2HumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
CDK9HumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
CcnkMouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOCCNK (Homo sapiens) RGD 
CcnkRatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOCCNK (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Ccnt1RatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOCCNT1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Ccnt1MouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOCCNT1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Ccnt2RatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOCCNT2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Ccnt2MouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOCCNT2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Cdk9RatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOCDK9 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Cdk9MouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOCDK9 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
GTF2F1HumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
GTF2F2HumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
Gtf2f1RatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOGTF2F1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Gtf2f1MouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOGTF2F1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Gtf2f2RatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOGTF2F2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Gtf2f2MouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOGTF2F2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
NELFAHumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
NELFBHumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
NELFCDHumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
NELFEHumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
NelfaRatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISONELFA (Homo sapiens) RGD 
NelfaMouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISONELFA (Homo sapiens) RGD 
NelfbRatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISONELFB (Homo sapiens) RGD 
NelfbMouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISONELFB (Homo sapiens) RGD 
NelfcdRatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISONELFCD (Homo sapiens) RGD 
NelfcdMouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISONELFCD (Homo sapiens) RGD 
NelfeRatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISONELFE (Homo sapiens) RGD 
NelfeMouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISONELFE (Homo sapiens) RGD 
SSRP1HumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
SUPT16HHumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
SUPT4H1HumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
SUPT5HHumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
Ssrp1RatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOSSRP1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Ssrp1MouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOSSRP1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Supt16MouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOSUPT16H (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Supt16hRatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOSUPT16H (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Supt4aMouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOSUPT4H1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Supt4h1RatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOSUPT4H1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Supt5MouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOSUPT5H (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Supt5hRatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOSUPT5H (Homo sapiens) RGD 
TCEA1HumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
TCEA2HumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
TCEA3HumanRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  TAS  RGD 
Tcea1RatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOTCEA1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Tcea1MouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOTCEA1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Tcea2RatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOTCEA2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Tcea2MouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOTCEA2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Tcea3RatRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOTCEA3 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Tcea3MouseRNA polymerase II transcription elongation pathway  ISOTCEA3 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Ccnk  (cyclin K)
Ccnt1  (cyclin T1)
Ccnt2  (cyclin T2)
Cdk9  (cyclin-dependent kinase 9)
Gtf2f1  (general transcription factor IIF subunit 1)
Gtf2f2  (general transcription factor IIF subunit 2)
Nelfa  (negative elongation factor complex member A)
Nelfb  (negative elongation factor complex member B)
Nelfcd  (negative elongation factor complex member C/D)
Nelfe  (negative elongation factor complex member E)
Ssrp1  (structure specific recognition protein 1)
Supt16h  (SPT16 homolog, facilitates chromatin remodeling subunit)
Supt4h1  (SPT4 homolog, DSIF elongation factor subunit)
Supt5h  (SPT5 homolog, DSIF elongation factor subunit)
Tcea1  (transcription elongation factor A1)
Tcea2  (transcription elongation factor A2)
Tcea3  (transcription elongation factor A3)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Ccnk  (cyclin K)
Ccnt1  (cyclin T1)
Ccnt2  (cyclin T2)
Cdk9  (cyclin dependent kinase 9)
Gtf2f1  (general transcription factor IIF, polypeptide 1)
Gtf2f2  (general transcription factor IIF, polypeptide 2)
Nelfa  (negative elongation factor complex member A, Whsc2)
Nelfb  (negative elongation factor complex member B)
Nelfcd  (negative elongation factor complex member C/D, Th1l)
Nelfe  (negative elongation factor complex member E, Rdbp)
Ssrp1  (structure specific recognition protein 1)
Supt16  (SPT16, facilitates chromatin remodeling subunit)
Supt4a  (SPT4A, DSIF elongation factor subunit)
Supt5  (suppressor of Ty 5, DSIF elongation factor subunit)
Tcea1  (transcription elongation factor A (SII) 1)
Tcea2  (transcription elongation factor A (SII), 2)
Tcea3  (transcription elongation factor A (SII), 3)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
CCNK  (cyclin K)
CCNT1  (cyclin T1)
CCNT2  (cyclin T2)
CDK9  (cyclin dependent kinase 9)
GTF2F1  (general transcription factor IIF subunit 1)
GTF2F2  (general transcription factor IIF subunit 2)
NELFA  (negative elongation factor complex member A)
NELFB  (negative elongation factor complex member B)
NELFCD  (negative elongation factor complex member C/D)
NELFE  (negative elongation factor complex member E)
SSRP1  (structure specific recognition protein 1)
SUPT16H  (SPT16 homolog, facilitates chromatin remodeling subunit)
SUPT4H1  (SPT4 homolog, DSIF elongation factor subunit)
SUPT5H  (SPT5 homolog, DSIF elongation factor subunit)
TCEA1  (transcription elongation factor A1)
TCEA2  (transcription elongation factor A2)
TCEA3  (transcription elongation factor A3)


Additional Information