RGD Reference Report - Occupying chromatin: Polycomb mechanisms for getting to genomic targets, stopping transcriptional traffic, and staying put. - Rat Genome Database

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Occupying chromatin: Polycomb mechanisms for getting to genomic targets, stopping transcriptional traffic, and staying put.

Authors: Simon, JA  Kingston, RE 
Citation: Simon JA and Kingston RE, Mol Cell. 2013 Mar 7;49(5):808-24. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2013.02.013.
RGD ID: 9479058
Pubmed: PMID:23473600   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC3628831   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2013.02.013   (Journal Full-text)

Chromatin modification by Polycomb proteins provides an essential strategy for gene silencing in higher eukaryotes. Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) silence key developmental regulators and are centrally integrated in the transcriptional circuitry of stem cells. PRC2 trimethylates histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27me3), and PRC1-type complexes ubiquitylate histone H2A and compact polynucleosomes. How PRCs are deployed to select and silence genomic targets is the subject of intense investigation. We review advances on targeting, modulation, and functions of PRC1 and PRC2 and progress on defining the transcriptional steps they impact. Recent findings emphasize PRC1 targeting independent of H3K27me3, nonenzymatic PRC1-mediated compaction, and connections between PRCs and noncoding RNAs. Systematic analyses of Polycomb complexes and associated histone modifications during DNA replication and mitosis have also emerged. The stage is now set to reveal fundamental epigenetic mechanisms that determine how Polycomb target genes are silenced and how Polycomb silence is preserved through cell-cycle progression.



Molecular Pathway Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

RGD Manual Annotations


  
Object SymbolSpeciesTermQualifierEvidenceWithNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
BMI1Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
Bmi1Rathistone modification pathway   ISOBMI1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Bmi1Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOBMI1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
CBX2Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
CBX4Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
CBX6Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
CBX7Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
CBX8Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
Cbx2Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOCBX2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Cbx2Rathistone modification pathway   ISOCBX2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Cbx4Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOCBX4 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Cbx4Rathistone modification pathway   ISOCBX4 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Cbx6Rathistone modification pathway   ISOCBX6 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Cbx6Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOCBX6 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Cbx7Rathistone modification pathway   ISOCBX7 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Cbx7Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOCBX7 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Cbx8Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOCBX7 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Cbx8Rathistone modification pathway   ISOCBX7 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
EedRathistone modification pathway   ISOEED (Homo sapiens) RGD 
EedMousehistone modification pathway   ISOEED (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Ezh1Rathistone modification pathway   ISOEZH1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Ezh1Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOEZH1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Ezh2Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOEZH2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Ezh2Rathistone modification pathway   ISOEZH2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Jarid2Rathistone modification pathway   ISOJARID2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Jarid2Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOJARID2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Mtf2Rathistone modification pathway   ISOMTF2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Mtf2Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOMTF2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
PCGF1Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
PCGF2Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
PCGF3Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
PCGF5Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
PCGF6Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
PHC1Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
PHC2Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
PHC3Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
Pcgf1Rathistone modification pathway   ISOPCGF1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Pcgf1Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOPCGF1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Pcgf2Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOPCGF2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Pcgf3Rathistone modification pathway   ISOPCGF3 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Pcgf3Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOPCGF3 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Pcgf5Rathistone modification pathway   ISOPCGF5 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Pcgf5Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOPCGF5 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Pcgf6Rathistone modification pathway   ISOPCGF6 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Pcgf6Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOPCGF6 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Phc1Rathistone modification pathway   ISOPHC1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Phc1Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOPHC1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Phc2Rathistone modification pathway   ISOPHC2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Phc2Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOPHC2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Phc3Rathistone modification pathway   ISOPHC3 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Phc3Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOPHC3 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Phf1Rathistone modification pathway   ISOPHF1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Phf1Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOPHF1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Phf19Rathistone modification pathway   ISOPHF19 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Phf19Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOPHF19 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
RING1Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
RNF2Humanhistone modification pathway   TAS  RGD 
Rbbp4Mousehistone modification pathway   ISORBBP4 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Rbbp4Rathistone modification pathway   ISORBBP4 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Rbbp7Rathistone modification pathway   ISORBBP7 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Rbbp7Mousehistone modification pathway   ISORBBP7 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Ring1Rathistone modification pathway   ISORING1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Ring1Mousehistone modification pathway   ISORING1 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Rnf2Rathistone modification pathway   ISORNF2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Rnf2Mousehistone modification pathway   ISORNF2 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Suz12Rathistone modification pathway   ISOSUZ12 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Suz12Mousehistone modification pathway   ISOSUZ12 (Homo sapiens) RGD 
Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Bmi1  (BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger)
Cbx2  (chromobox 2)
Cbx4  (chromobox 4)
Cbx6  (chromobox 6)
Cbx7  (chromobox 7)
Cbx8  (chromobox 8)
Eed  (embryonic ectoderm development)
Ezh1  (enhancer of zeste 1 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit)
Ezh2  (enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit)
Jarid2  (jumonji and AT-rich interaction domain containing 2)
Mtf2  (metal response element binding transcription factor 2)
Pcgf1  (polycomb group ring finger 1)
Pcgf3  (polycomb group ring finger 3)
Pcgf5  (polycomb group ring finger 5)
Pcgf6  (polycomb group ring finger 6)
Phc1  (polyhomeotic homolog 1)
Phc2  (polyhomeotic homolog 2)
Phc3  (polyhomeotic homolog 3)
Phf1  (PHD finger protein 1)
Phf19  (PHD finger protein 19)
Rbbp4  (RB binding protein 4, chromatin remodeling factor)
Rbbp7  (RB binding protein 7, chromatin remodeling factor)
Ring1  (ring finger protein 1)
Rnf2  (ring finger protein 2)
Suz12  (SUZ12 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Bmi1  (Bmi1 polycomb ring finger oncogene)
Cbx2  (chromobox 2)
Cbx4  (chromobox 4)
Cbx6  (chromobox 6)
Cbx7  (chromobox 7)
Cbx8  (chromobox 8)
Eed  (embryonic ectoderm development)
Ezh1  (enhancer of zeste 1 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit)
Ezh2  (enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit)
Jarid2  (jumonji and AT-rich interaction domain containing 2)
Mtf2  (metal response element binding transcription factor 2)
Pcgf1  (polycomb group ring finger 1)
Pcgf2  (polycomb group ring finger 2)
Pcgf3  (polycomb group ring finger 3)
Pcgf5  (polycomb group ring finger 5)
Pcgf6  (polycomb group ring finger 6)
Phc1  (polyhomeotic 1)
Phc2  (polyhomeotic 2)
Phc3  (polyhomeotic 3)
Phf1  (PHD finger protein 1)
Phf19  (PHD finger protein 19)
Rbbp4  (retinoblastoma binding protein 4, chromatin remodeling factor)
Rbbp7  (retinoblastoma binding protein 7, chromatin remodeling factor)
Ring1  (ring finger protein 1)
Rnf2  (ring finger protein 2)
Suz12  (SUZ12 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
BMI1  (BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger)
CBX2  (chromobox 2)
CBX4  (chromobox 4)
CBX6  (chromobox 6)
CBX7  (chromobox 7)
CBX8  (chromobox 8)
PCGF1  (polycomb group ring finger 1)
PCGF2  (polycomb group ring finger 2)
PCGF3  (polycomb group ring finger 3)
PCGF5  (polycomb group ring finger 5)
PCGF6  (polycomb group ring finger 6)
PHC1  (polyhomeotic homolog 1)
PHC2  (polyhomeotic homolog 2)
PHC3  (polyhomeotic homolog 3)
RING1  (ring finger protein 1)
RNF2  (ring finger protein 2)


Additional Information