RGD Reference Report - The kallikrein-kinin system: current and future pharmacological targets. - Rat Genome Database

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The kallikrein-kinin system: current and future pharmacological targets.

Authors: Moreau, ME  Garbacki, N  Molinaro, G  Brown, NJ  Marceau, F  Adam, A 
Citation: Moreau ME, etal., J Pharmacol Sci. 2005 Sep;99(1):6-38.
RGD ID: 7401223
Pubmed: PMID:16177542   (View Abstract at PubMed)

The kallikrein-kinin system is an endogenous metabolic cascade, triggering of which results in the release of vasoactive kinins (bradykinin-related peptides). This complex system includes the precursors of kinins known as kininogens and mainly tissue and plasma kallikreins. The pharmacologically active kinins, which are often considered as either proinflammatory or cardioprotective, are implicated in many physiological and pathological processes. The interest of the various components of this multi-protein system is explained in part by the multiplicity of its pharmacological activities, mediated not only by kinins and their receptors, but also by their precursors and their activators and the metallopeptidases and the antiproteases that limit their activities. The regulation of this system by serpins and the wide distribution of the different constituents add to the complexity of this system, as well as its multiple relationships with other important metabolic pathways such as the renin-angiotensin, coagulation, or complement pathways. The purpose of this review is to summarize the main properties of this kallikrein-kinin system and to address the multiple pharmacological interventions that modulate the functions of this system, restraining its proinflammatory effects or potentiating its cardiovascular properties.



Molecular Pathway Annotations    
Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
A2m  (alpha-2-macroglobulin)
Ace  (angiotensin I converting enzyme)
Bdkrb1  (bradykinin receptor B1)
Bdkrb2  (bradykinin receptor B2)
Cpm  (carboxypeptidase M)
Cpn1  (carboxypeptidase N subunit 1)
F12  (coagulation factor XII)
Klk1  (kallikrein 1)
Klkb1  (kallikrein B1)
Kng2  (kininogen 2)
Serpina4  (serpin family A member 4)
Serping1  (serpin family G member 1)
Xpnpep1  (X-prolyl aminopeptidase 1)
Xpnpep2  (X-prolyl aminopeptidase 2)

Genes (Mus musculus)
A2m  (alpha-2-macroglobulin)
Ace  (angiotensin I converting enzyme)
Bdkrb1  (bradykinin receptor, beta 1)
Bdkrb2  (bradykinin receptor, beta 2)
Cpm  (carboxypeptidase M)
Cpn1  (carboxypeptidase N, polypeptide 1)
F12  (coagulation factor XII (Hageman factor))
Klk1  (kallikrein 1)
Klkb1  (kallikrein B, plasma 1)
Kng1  (kininogen 1)
Serping1  (serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade G, member 1)
Xpnpep1  (X-prolyl aminopeptidase (aminopeptidase P) 1, soluble)
Xpnpep2  (X-prolyl aminopeptidase (aminopeptidase P) 2, membrane-bound)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
A2M  (alpha-2-macroglobulin)
ACE  (angiotensin I converting enzyme)
BDKRB1  (bradykinin receptor B1)
BDKRB2  (bradykinin receptor B2)
CPM  (carboxypeptidase M)
CPN1  (carboxypeptidase N subunit 1)
F12  (coagulation factor XII)
KLK1  (kallikrein 1)
KLKB1  (kallikrein B1)
KNG1  (kininogen 1)
MME  (membrane metalloendopeptidase)
SERPINA4  (serpin family A member 4)
SERPING1  (serpin family G member 1)
XPNPEP1  (X-prolyl aminopeptidase 1)
XPNPEP2  (X-prolyl aminopeptidase 2)


Additional Information