RGD Reference Report - Mammalian carotenoid-oxygenases: key players for carotenoid function and homeostasis. - Rat Genome Database

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Mammalian carotenoid-oxygenases: key players for carotenoid function and homeostasis.

Authors: Lobo, GP  Amengual, J  Palczewski, G  Babino, D  Von Lintig, J 
Citation: Lobo GP, etal., Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Jan;1821(1):78-87. Epub 2011 May 4.
RGD ID: 6903956
Pubmed: PMID:21569862   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC3162997   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.04.010   (Journal Full-text)

Humans depend on a dietary intake of lipids to maintain optimal health. Among various classes of dietary lipids, the physiological importance of carotenoids is still controversially discussed. On one hand, it is well established that carotenoids, such as beta,beta-carotene, are a major source for vitamin A that plays critical roles for vision and many aspects of cell physiology. On the other hand, large clinical trials have failed to show clear health benefits of carotenoids supplementation and even suggest adverse health effects in individuals at risk of disease. In recent years, key molecular players for carotenoid metabolism have been identified, including an evolutionarily well conserved family of carotenoid-oxygenases. Studies in knockout mouse models for these enzymes revealed that carotenoid metabolism is a highly regulated process and that this regulation already takes place at the level of intestinal absorption. These studies also provided evidence that beta,beta-carotene conversion can influence retinoid-dependent processes in the mouse embryo and in adult tissues. Moreover, these analyses provide an explanation for adverse health effects of carotenoids by showing that a pathological accumulation of these compounds can induce oxidative stress in mitochondria and cell signaling pathways related to disease. Advancing knowledge about carotenoid metabolism will contribute to a better understanding of the biochemical and physiological roles of these important micronutrients in health and disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Retinoid and Lipid Metabolism.

Molecular Pathway Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

RGD Manual Annotations

TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
retinol metabolic pathway   TAS 6903956 RGD 
retinol metabolic pathway   ISOBCO1 (Homo sapiens)6903956; 6903956 RGD 
Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Bco1  (beta-carotene oxygenase 1)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Bco1  (beta-carotene oxygenase 1)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
BCO1  (beta-carotene oxygenase 1)


Additional Information