RGD Reference Report - Auricular chondritis caused by metal ear tagging in C57BL/6 mice. - Rat Genome Database

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Auricular chondritis caused by metal ear tagging in C57BL/6 mice.

Authors: Kitagaki, M  Hirota, M 
Citation: Kitagaki M and Hirota M, Vet Pathol. 2007 Jul;44(4):458-66.
RGD ID: 6483833
Pubmed: PMID:17606507   (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI: DOI:10.1354/vp.44-4-458   (Journal Full-text)

Although it has been shown that auricular chondritis in rats is caused by the use of metal identification ear tags, the pathogenesis remains unclear. Based on the hypothesis that the auricular chondritis is caused by metal ions released from metal identification ear tags, we investigated the pathogenesis in male C57BL/6 mice tagged with metal identification ear tags. Twenty-six weeks after the attachment of the ear tags, visible increases in the thickness of the auricle were observed, and the concentrations of copper and iron in the tagged ears were significantly increased (P < .05) in the tagged ears compared with the untagged ears. There was up-regulation of metallothionein (MT)-I and MT-II mRNA in the tagged ears, and this was confirmed by immunohistologic staining of the destroyed cartilage. Histopathologically, there were observed severe chondritis with extensive granulomatous inflammation, newly formed cartilage nodules, and osseous metaplasia accompanied by cellular infiltrates, such as CD4 T lymphocyte, macrophages, neutrophils, and mast cells, and expression of Th1 cytokines, such as interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-2 in the tagged ear. Based on these results, we concluded that the release of copper and iron ions from the metal ear tags played a major role in the onset of auricular chondritis. Subsequent cellular interactions, such as CD4 T cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, and mast cells, mediated by cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma, caused an autoimmune response that may have led to the progression of auricular chondritis as an autoimmune disease.



RGD Manual Disease Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

  
Object SymbolSpeciesTermQualifierEvidenceWithNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
MT2AHumancartilage disease  ISOMt2 (Mus musculus)Auricular Chondritis and mRNA:increased expression:ear (mouse)RGD 
Mt2Mousecartilage disease  IEP Auricular Chondritis and mRNA:increased expression:ear (mouse)RGD 
Mt2ARatcartilage disease  ISOMt2 (Mus musculus)Auricular Chondritis and mRNA:increased expression:ear (mouse)RGD 
IFNGHumanrelapsing polychondritis  ISOIfng (Mus musculus)protein:increased expression:earRGD 
IfngRatrelapsing polychondritis  ISOIfng (Mus musculus)protein:increased expression:earRGD 
IfngMouserelapsing polychondritis  IEP protein:increased expression:earRGD 
TNFHumanrelapsing polychondritis  ISOTnf (Mus musculus)protein:increased expression:earRGD 
TnfRatrelapsing polychondritis  ISOTnf (Mus musculus)protein:increased expression:earRGD 
TnfMouserelapsing polychondritis  IEP protein:increased expression:earRGD 

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Ifng  (interferon gamma)
Mt2A  (metallothionein 2A)
Tnf  (tumor necrosis factor)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Ifng  (interferon gamma)
Mt2  (metallothionein 2)
Tnf  (tumor necrosis factor)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
IFNG  (interferon gamma)
MT2A  (metallothionein 2A)
TNF  (tumor necrosis factor)


Additional Information