RGD Reference Report - Signaling of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor GFRalpha1 induce Nurr1 and Pitx3 to promote survival of grafted midbrain-derived neural stem cells in a rat model of Parkinson disease.

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Signaling of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor GFRalpha1 induce Nurr1 and Pitx3 to promote survival of grafted midbrain-derived neural stem cells in a rat model of Parkinson disease.
Authors:	Lei, Z Jiang, Y Li, T Zhu, J Zeng, S
Citation:	Lei Z, etal., J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2011 Sep;70(9):736-47.
RGD ID:	6218962
Pubmed:	PMID:21865882 (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI:	DOI:10.1097/NEN.0b013e31822830e5 (Journal Full-text)
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its receptor GFRalpha1 have been implicated in the survival of ventral midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons, but the molecular mechanisms bywhich GDNF generates DA neurons in grafted midbrain-derived neural stem cells (mNSCs) are not understood. Midbrain-derived neural stem cells isolated from rat embryonic mesencephalon (embryonic day 12) were treated with GDNF or in combination with GFRalpha1 small interfering RNA. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunocytochemistry were used totest the expression of the orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 and thetranscription factor Pitx3 and newborn tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cells. Treatment of mNSCs with GDNF increased mNSCs' sphere diameter, reduced expression of caspase 3, and increased expression of Bcl-2. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-treated mNSCs enhanced Nurr1 and Pitx3 expression and the fraction of TH-, TH/Pitx3-, and TH/Nurr1-positive cells in culture. Grafted GDNF-treated mNSCs significantly decreased apomorphine-induced rotation behavior in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. Glialcell line-derived neurotrophic factor-treated mNSCs showed increased numbers of TH/Pitx3- and TH/Nurr1-postivie cells. The effect elicited by GDNF was inhibited by small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of GFRalpha1. Our data demonstrate the contribution of GDNF to DA neuron development and may also elucidate pathogenetic mechanisms in Parkinson disease and contribute to the development of novel therapies for the disorder.

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Object Symbol	Species	Term	Qualifier	Evidence	With	Notes	Source	Original Reference(s)
GDNF	Human	Parkinsonism		ISO	Gdnf (Rattus norvegicus)		RGD
GFRA1	Human	Parkinsonism		ISO	Gfra1 (Rattus norvegicus)		RGD
Gdnf	Rat	Parkinsonism		IDA			RGD
Gdnf	Mouse	Parkinsonism		ISO	Gdnf (Rattus norvegicus)		RGD
Gfra1	Rat	Parkinsonism		IMP			RGD
Gfra1	Mouse	Parkinsonism		ISO	Gfra1 (Rattus norvegicus)		RGD

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Biological Process

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Object Symbol	Species	Term	Qualifier	Evidence	With	Notes	Source	Original Reference(s)
Pitx3	Rat	cellular response to glial cell derived neurotrophic factor		IEP			RGD
Gfra1	Rat	neuron differentiation		IMP			RGD

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)

Gdnf (glial cell derived neurotrophic factor)

Gfra1 (GDNF family receptor alpha 1)

Pitx3 (paired-like homeodomain 3)

Genes (Mus musculus)

Gdnf (glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor)

Gfra1 (glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 1)

Genes (Homo sapiens)

GDNF (glial cell derived neurotrophic factor)

GFRA1 (GDNF family receptor alpha 1)

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Signaling of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor GFRalpha1 induce Nurr1 and Pitx3 to promote survival of grafted midbrain-derived neural stem cells in a rat model of Parkinson disease.