RGD Reference Report - Overview of steroidogenic enzymes in the pathway from cholesterol to active steroid hormones. - Rat Genome Database

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Overview of steroidogenic enzymes in the pathway from cholesterol to active steroid hormones.

Authors: Payne, AH  Hales, DB 
Citation: Payne AH and Hales DB, Endocr Rev. 2004 Dec;25(6):947-70.
RGD ID: 4889549
Pubmed: PMID:15583024   (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI: DOI:10.1210/er.2003-0030   (Journal Full-text)

Significant advances have taken place in our knowledge of the enzymes involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis since the last comprehensive review in 1988. Major developments include the cloning, identification, and characterization of multiple isoforms of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, which play a critical role in the biosynthesis of all steroid hormones and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase where specific isoforms are essential for the final step in active steroid hormone biosynthesis. Advances have taken place in our understanding of the unique manner that determines tissue-specific expression of P450aromatase through the utilization of alternative promoters. In recent years, evidence has been obtained for the expression of steroidogenic enzymes in the nervous system and in cardiac tissue, indicating that these tissues may be involved in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones acting in an autocrine or paracrine manner. This review presents a detailed description of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of active steroid hormones, with emphasis on the human and mouse enzymes and their expression in gonads, adrenal glands, and placenta.



Molecular Pathway Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

RGD Manual Annotations


  
Object SymbolSpeciesTermQualifierEvidenceWithNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
CYP11B1Humanaldosterone biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
CYP11B2Humanaldosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:2454 RGD 
CYP21A2Humanaldosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:10440 RGD 
Cyp11b1Rataldosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:70835 RGD 
Cyp11b1Mousealdosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:70835 RGD 
Cyp11b2Rataldosterone biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
Cyp11b2Mousealdosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:2454 RGD 
Cyp21a1Rataldosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:10440 RGD 
Cyp21a1Mousealdosterone biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
CYP11B1Humancortisol biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
CYP21A2Humancortisol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:10440 RGD 
Cyp11b1Mousecortisol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:70835 RGD 
Cyp11b1Ratcortisol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:70835 RGD 
Cyp21a1Mousecortisol biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
Cyp21a1Ratcortisol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:10440 RGD 
HSD3B1Humancortisol biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
HSD3B2Humancortisol biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
Hsd3b1Mousecortisol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1347893 RGD 
Hsd3b1Ratcortisol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1318588 RGD 
Hsd3b2Mousecortisol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1318588 RGD 
Hsd3b2Ratcortisol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1347893 RGD 
HSD17B1Humanestradiol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:2836 RGD 
HSD17B2Humanestradiol biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
HSD3B1Humanestradiol biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
HSD3B2Humanestradiol biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
Hsd17b1Ratestradiol biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
Hsd17b1Mouseestradiol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:2836 RGD 
Hsd17b2Mouseestradiol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1353008 RGD 
Hsd17b2Ratestradiol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1353008 RGD 
Hsd3b1Mouseestradiol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1347893 RGD 
Hsd3b1Ratestradiol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1318588 RGD 
Hsd3b2Mouseestradiol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1318588 RGD 
Hsd3b2Ratestradiol biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1347893 RGD 
CYP19A1Humansteroid hormone biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
Cyp19a1Ratsteroid hormone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1606587 RGD 
Cyp19a1Mousesteroid hormone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1606587 RGD 
HSD3B1Humansteroid hormone biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
HSD3B2Humansteroid hormone biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
Hsd3b1Ratsteroid hormone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1318588 RGD 
Hsd3b1Mousesteroid hormone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1318588 RGD 
Hsd3b2Ratsteroid hormone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1347893 RGD 
Hsd3b6Mousesteroid hormone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1347893 RGD 
HSD17B2Humantestosterone biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
HSD3B1Humantestosterone biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
HSD3B2Humantestosterone biosynthetic pathway   TAS  RGD 
Hsd17b2Rattestosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1353008 RGD 
Hsd17b2Mousetestosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1353008 RGD 
Hsd3b1Mousetestosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1347893 RGD 
Hsd3b1Rattestosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1318588 RGD 
Hsd3b2Mousetestosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1318588 RGD 
Hsd3b2Rattestosterone biosynthetic pathway   ISORGD:1347893 RGD 
Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Cyp11b1  (cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily b, polypeptide 1)
Cyp11b2  (cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily b, polypeptide 2)
Cyp19a1  (cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily a, polypeptide 1)
Cyp21a1  (cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily a, polypeptide 1)
Hsd17b1  (hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 1)
Hsd17b2  (hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 2)
Hsd3b1  (hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 1)
Hsd3b2  (hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 2)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Cyp11b1  (cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily b, polypeptide 1)
Cyp11b2  (cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily b, polypeptide 2)
Cyp19a1  (cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily a, polypeptide 1)
Cyp21a1  (cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily a, polypeptide 1)
Hsd17b1  (hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 1)
Hsd17b2  (hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 2)
Hsd3b1  (hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 1)
Hsd3b2  (hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 2)
Hsd3b6  (hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 6)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
CYP11B1  (cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily B member 1)
CYP11B2  (cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily B member 2)
CYP19A1  (cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1)
CYP21A2  (cytochrome P450 family 21 subfamily A member 2)
HSD17B1  (hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 1)
HSD17B2  (hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 2)
HSD3B1  (hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 1)
HSD3B2  (hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 2)


Additional Information