RGD Reference Report - TLR4 signaling improves PD-1 blockade therapy during chronic viral infection. - Rat Genome Database

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TLR4 signaling improves PD-1 blockade therapy during chronic viral infection.

Authors: Wang, Yidan  Chung, Young Rock  Eitzinger, Simon  Palacio, Nicole  Gregory, Shana  Bhattacharyya, Mitra  Penaloza-MacMaster, Pablo 
Citation: Wang Y, etal., PLoS Pathog. 2019 Feb 6;15(2):e1007583. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007583. eCollection 2019 Feb.
RGD ID: 40818232
Pubmed: PMID:30726291   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC6380600   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1007583   (Journal Full-text)

CD8 T cells are necessary for the elimination of intracellular pathogens, but during chronic viral infections, CD8 T cells become exhausted and unable to control the persistent infection. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade therapies have been shown to improve CD8 T cell responses during chronic viral infections. These therapies have been licensed to treat cancers in humans, but they have not yet been licensed to treat chronic viral infections because limited benefit is seen in pre-clinical animal models of chronic infection. In the present study, we investigated whether TLR4 triggering could improve PD-1 therapy during a chronic viral infection. Using the model of chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in mice, we show that TLR4 triggering with sublethal doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) followed by PD-1 blockade results in superior improvement in circulating virus-specific CD8 T cell responses, relative to PD-1 blockade alone. Moreover, we show that the synergy between LPS and PD-1 blockade is dependent on B7 costimulation and mediated by a dendritic cell (DC) intrinsic mechanism. Systemic LPS administration may have safety concerns, motivating us to devise a safer regimen. We show that ex vivo activation of DCs with LPS, followed by adoptive DC transfer, results in a similar potentiation of PD-1 therapy without inducing wasting disease. In summary, our data demonstrate a previously unidentified role for LPS/TLR4 signaling in modulating the host response to PD-1 therapy. These findings may be important for developing novel checkpoint therapies against chronic viral infection.

RGD Manual Disease Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
lymphocytic choriomeningitis treatmentISOPdcd1 (Mus musculus)40818232; 40818232 RGD 
lymphocytic choriomeningitis treatmentIMP 40818232 RGD 

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Pdcd1  (programmed cell death 1)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Pdcd1  (programmed cell death 1)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
PDCD1  (programmed cell death 1)


Additional Information