RGD Reference Report - CD36 deficiency leads to choroidal involution via COX2 down-regulation in rodents. - Rat Genome Database

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CD36 deficiency leads to choroidal involution via COX2 down-regulation in rodents.

Authors: Houssier, M  Raoul, W  Lavalette, S  Keller, N  Guillonneau, X  Baragatti, B  Jonet, L  Jeanny, JC  Behar-Cohen, F  Coceani, F  Scherman, D  Lachapelle, P  Ong, H  Chemtob, S  Sennlaub, F 
Citation: Houssier M, etal., PLoS Med. 2008 Feb;5(2):e39.
RGD ID: 2307226
Pubmed: PMID:18288886   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC2245984   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050039   (Journal Full-text)

BACKGROUND: In the Western world, a major cause of blindness is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Recent research in angiogenesis has furthered the understanding of choroidal neovascularization, which occurs in the "wet" form of AMD. In contrast, very little is known about the mechanisms of the predominant, "dry" form of AMD, which is characterized by retinal atrophy and choroidal involution. The aim of this study is to elucidate the possible implication of the scavenger receptor CD36 in retinal degeneration and choroidal involution, the cardinal features of the dry form of AMD. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We here show that deficiency of CD36, which participates in outer segment (OS) phagocytosis by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in vitro, leads to significant progressive age-related photoreceptor degeneration evaluated histologically at different ages in two rodent models of CD36 invalidation in vivo (Spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and CD36-/- mice). Furthermore, these animals developed significant age related choroidal involution reflected in a 100%-300% increase in the avascular area of the choriocapillaries measured on vascular corrosion casts of aged animals. We also show that proangiogenic COX2 expression in RPE is stimulated by CD36 activating antibody and that CD36-deficient RPE cells from SHR rats fail to induce COX2 and subsequent vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression upon OS or antibody stimulation in vitro. CD36-/- mice express reduced levels of COX2 and VEGF in vivo, and COX2-/- mice develop progressive choroidal degeneration similar to what is seen in CD36 deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: CD36 deficiency leads to choroidal involution via COX2 down-regulation in the RPE. These results show a novel molecular mechanism of choroidal degeneration, a key feature of dry AMD. These findings unveil a pathogenic process, to our knowledge previously undescribed, with important implications for the development of new therapies.



RGD Manual Disease Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

  
Object SymbolSpeciesTermQualifierEvidenceWithNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
CD36Humanmacular degeneration  ISOCd36 (Rattus norvegicus) and Cd36 (Mus musculus) RGD 
Cd36Ratmacular degeneration  IAGP  RGD 
Cd36Mousemacular degeneration  IAGP  RGD 

Phenotype Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

Mammalian Phenotype

Object SymbolSpeciesTermQualifierEvidenceWithNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
Cd36Ratabnormal choroid vasculature morphology  IAGP  RGD 
Cd36Ratthin retina outer nuclear layer  IAGP  RGD 
Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Cd36  (CD36 molecule)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Cd36  (CD36 molecule)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
CD36  (CD36 molecule (CD36 blood group))


Additional Information