RGD Reference Report - A novel glycogen-targeting subunit of protein phosphatase 1 that is regulated by insulin and shows differential tissue distribution in humans and rodents. - Rat Genome Database

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A novel glycogen-targeting subunit of protein phosphatase 1 that is regulated by insulin and shows differential tissue distribution in humans and rodents.

Authors: Munro, S  Ceulemans, H  Bollen, M  Diplexcito, J  Cohen, PT 
Citation: Munro S, etal., FEBS J. 2005 Mar;272(6):1478-89.
RGD ID: 2306166
Pubmed: PMID:15752363   (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI: DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04585.x   (Journal Full-text)

Stimulation of glycogen-targeted protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) activity by insulin contributes to the dephosphorylation and activation of hepatic glycogen synthase (GS) leading to an increase in glycogen synthesis. The glycogen-targeting subunits of PP1, GL and R5/PTG, are downregulated in the livers of diabetic rodents and restored by insulin treatment. We show here that the mammalian gene PPP1R3E encodes a novel glycogen-targeting subunit of PP1 that is expressed in rodent liver. The phosphatase activity associated with R3E is slightly higher than that associated with R5/PTG and it is downregulated in streptozotocin-induced diabetes by 60-70% and restored by insulin treatment. Surprisingly, although mRNA for R3E is most highly expressed in rat liver and heart muscle, with only low levels in skeletal muscle, R3E mRNA is most abundant in human skeletal muscle and heart tissues with barely detectable levels in human liver. This species-specific difference in R3E mRNA expression has similarities to the high level of expression of GL mRNA in human but not rodent skeletal muscle. The observations imply that the mechanisms by which insulin regulates glycogen synthesis in liver and skeletal muscle are different in rodents and humans.



Gene Ontology Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

Biological Process

  
Object SymbolSpeciesTermQualifierEvidenceWithNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
Ppp1r3eRatpositive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process involved_inIMP PMID:15752363UniProt 
Ppp1r3eRatregulation of glycogen biosynthetic process  IDA  RGD 
Ppp1r3eRatregulation of glycogen catabolic process  IDA  RGD 

Cellular Component

  
Object SymbolSpeciesTermQualifierEvidenceWithNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
Ppp1r3eRatglycogen granule  IDA  RGD 

Molecular Function

  
Object SymbolSpeciesTermQualifierEvidenceWithNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
Ppp1r3bRat[phosphorylase] phosphatase activity enablesIMP PMID:15752363UniProt 
Ppp1r3cRat[phosphorylase] phosphatase activity enablesIMP PMID:15752363UniProt 
Ppp1r3eRat[phosphorylase] phosphatase activity enablesIMP PMID:15752363UniProt 
Ppp1r3bRatphosphoprotein phosphatase activity contributes_toIDA  RGD 
Ppp1r3cRatphosphoprotein phosphatase activity contributes_toIDA  RGD 
Ppp1r3eRatphosphoprotein phosphatase activity contributes_toIDA  RGD 

Molecular Pathway Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

RGD Manual Annotations


  
Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Ppp1r3b  (protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3B)
Ppp1r3c  (protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3C)
Ppp1r3e  (protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3E)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Ppp1r3e  (protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3E)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
PPP1R3E  (protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3E)


Additional Information