RGD Reference Report - Tumour mutation status and sites of metastasis in patients with cutaneous melanoma. - Rat Genome Database

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Tumour mutation status and sites of metastasis in patients with cutaneous melanoma.

Authors: Adler, Nikki R  Wolfe, Rory  Kelly, John W  Haydon, Andrew  McArthur, Grant A  McLean, Catriona A  Mar, Victoria J 
Citation: Adler NR, etal., Br J Cancer. 2017 Sep 26;117(7):1026-1035. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2017.254. Epub 2017 Aug 8.
RGD ID: 14696791
Pubmed: PMID:28787433   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC5625668   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1038/bjc.2017.254   (Journal Full-text)


BACKGROUND: Cutaneous melanoma can metastasise haematogenously and/or lymphogenously to form satellite/in-transit, lymph node or distant metastasis. This study aimed to determine if BRAF and NRAS mutant and wild-type tumours differ in their site of first tumour metastasis and anatomical metastatic pathway.
METHODS: Prospective cohort of patients with a histologically confirmed primary cutaneous melanoma at three tertiary referral centres in Melbourne, Australia from 2010 to 2015. Multinomial regression determined clinical, histological and mutational factors associated with the site of first metastasis and metastatic pathway.
RESULTS: Of 1048 patients, 306 (29%) developed metastasis over a median 4.7 year follow-up period. 73 (24%), 192 (63%) and 41 (13%) developed distant, regional lymph node and satellite/in-transit metastasis as the first site of metastasis, respectively. BRAF mutation was associated with lymph node metastasis (adjusted RRR 2.46 95% CI 1.07-5.69, P=0.04) and sentinel lymph node positivity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.14-2.10, P=0.005). BRAF mutation and NRAS mutation were associated with increased odds of developing liver metastasis (aOR 3.09, 95% CI 1.49-6.42, P=0.003; aOR 3.17, 95% CI 1.32-7.58, P=0.01) and central nervous system (CNS) metastasis (aOR 4.65, 95% CI 2.23-9.69, P<0.001; aOR 4.03, 95% CI 1.72-9.44, P=0.001). NRAS mutation was associated with lung metastasis (aOR 2.44, 95% CI 1.21-4.93, P=0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: BRAF mutation was found to be associated with lymph node metastasis as first metastasis and sentinel lymph node positivity. BRAF and NRAS mutations were associated with CNS and liver metastasis and NRAS mutation with lung metastasis. If these findings are validated in additional prospective studies, a role for heightened visceral organ surveillance may be warranted in patients with tumours harbouring these somatic mutations.

RGD Manual Disease Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
Liver Metastasis  IAGP 14696791; 14696791; 14696791associated with skin melanoma and DNA:missense mutations:cds:RGD 
Liver Metastasis susceptibilityIAGP 14696791associated with melanoma and DNA:mutations: exons (human)RGD 
Liver Metastasis susceptibilityISONRAS (Homo sapiens)14696791; 14696791associated with melanoma and DNA:mutations: exons (human)RGD 

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Braf  (B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase)
Nras  (NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Braf  (Braf transforming gene)
Nras  (neuroblastoma ras oncogene)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
BRAF  (B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase)
NRAS  (NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase)


Additional Information