RGD Reference Report - Variability of systemic and oro-dental phenotype in two families with non-lethal Raine syndrome with FAM20C mutations. - Rat Genome Database

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Variability of systemic and oro-dental phenotype in two families with non-lethal Raine syndrome with FAM20C mutations.

Authors: Acevedo, AC  Poulter, JA  Alves, PG  De Lima, CL  Castro, LC  Yamaguti, PM  Paula, LM  Parry, DA  Logan, CV  Smith, CE  Johnson, CA  Inglehearn, CF  Mighell, AJ 
Citation: Acevedo AC, etal., BMC Med Genet. 2015 Feb 21;16:8. doi: 10.1186/s12881-015-0154-5.
RGD ID: 11560491
Pubmed: PMID:25928877   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC4422040   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1186/s12881-015-0154-5   (Journal Full-text)

BACKGROUND: Raine syndrome (RS) is a rare autosomal recessive bone dysplasia typified by osteosclerosis and dysmorphic facies due to FAM20C mutations. Initially reported as lethal in infancy, survival is possible into adulthood. We describe the molecular analysis and clinical phenotypes of five individuals from two consanguineous Brazilian families with attenuated Raine Syndrome with previously unreported features. METHODS: The medical and dental clinical records were reviewed. Extracted deciduous and permanent teeth as well as oral soft tissues were analysed. Whole exome sequencing was undertaken and FAM20C cDNA sequenced in family 1. RESULTS: Family 1 included 3 siblings with hypoplastic Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI) (inherited abnormal dental enamel formation). Mild facial dysmorphism was noted in the absence of other obvious skeletal or growth abnormalities. A mild hypophosphataemia and soft tissue ectopic mineralization were present. A homozygous FAM20C donor splice site mutation (c.784 + 5 g > c) was identified which led to abnormal cDNA sequence. Family 2 included 2 siblings with hypoplastic AI and tooth dentine abnormalities as part of a more obvious syndrome with facial dysmorphism. There was hypophosphataemia, soft tissue ectopic mineralization, but no osteosclerosis. A homozygous missense mutation in FAM20C (c.1487C > T; p.P496L) was identified. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical phenotype of non-lethal Raine Syndrome is more variable, including between affected siblings, than previously described and an adverse impact on bone growth and health may not be a prominent feature. By contrast, a profound failure of dental enamel formation leading to a distinctive hypoplastic AI in all teeth should alert clinicians to the possibility of FAM20C mutations.

RGD Manual Disease Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
amelogenesis imperfecta  IAGP 11560491DNA:snp more ...RGD 
amelogenesis imperfecta  ISOFAM20C (Homo sapiens)11560491; 11560491DNA:snp more ...RGD 

Phenotype Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

Manual Human Phenotype Annotations - RGD

TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
Dental malocclusion  IAGP 11560491DNA:snp more ...RGD 
Gingival overgrowth  IAGP 11560491DNA:snp more ...RGD 
High palate  IAGP 11560491DNA:snp more ...RGD 
Midface retrusion  IAGP 11560491DNA:snp more ...RGD 
Periapical bone loss  IAGP 11560491DNA:snp more ...RGD 
Proptosis  IAGP 11560491DNA:snp more ...RGD 
Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Fam20c  (FAM20C, golgi associated secretory pathway kinase)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Fam20c  (FAM20C, golgi associated secretory pathway kinase)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
FAM20C  (FAM20C golgi associated secretory pathway kinase)


Additional Information