RGD Reference Report - Tsc1 (hamartin) confers neuroprotection against ischemia by inducing autophagy. - Rat Genome Database

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Tsc1 (hamartin) confers neuroprotection against ischemia by inducing autophagy.

Authors: Papadakis, M  Hadley, G  Xilouri, M  Hoyte, LC  Nagel, S  McMenamin, MM  Tsaknakis, G  Watt, SM  Drakesmith, CW  Chen, R  Wood, MJ  Zhao, Z  Kessler, B  Vekrellis, K  Buchan, AM 
Citation: Papadakis M, etal., Nat Med. 2013 Mar;19(3):351-7. doi: 10.1038/nm.3097. Epub 2013 Feb 24.
RGD ID: 10448950
Pubmed: PMID:23435171   (View Abstract at PubMed)
PMCID: PMC3744134   (View Article at PubMed Central)
DOI: DOI:10.1038/nm.3097   (Journal Full-text)

Previous attempts to identify neuroprotective targets by studying the ischemic cascade and devising ways to suppress it have failed to translate to efficacious therapies for acute ischemic stroke. We hypothesized that studying the molecular determinants of endogenous neuroprotection in two well-established paradigms, the resistance of CA3 hippocampal neurons to global ischemia and the tolerance conferred by ischemic preconditioning (IPC), would reveal new neuroprotective targets. We found that the product of the tuberous sclerosis complex 1 gene (TSC1), hamartin, is selectively induced by ischemia in hippocampal CA3 neurons. In CA1 neurons, hamartin was unaffected by ischemia but was upregulated by IPC preceding ischemia, which protects the otherwise vulnerable CA1 cells. Suppression of hamartin expression with TSC1 shRNA viral vectors both in vitro and in vivo increased the vulnerability of neurons to cell death following oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) and ischemia. In vivo, suppression of TSC1 expression increased locomotor activity and decreased habituation in a hippocampal-dependent task. Overexpression of hamartin increased resistance to OGD by inducing productive autophagy through an mTORC1-dependent mechanism.

Gene Ontology Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

Biological Process
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
adult locomotory behavior involved_inIMP 10448950PMID:23435171ParkinsonsUK-UCL 
cellular response to decreased oxygen levels involved_inIMP 10448950PMID:23435171ParkinsonsUK-UCL 
negative regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress  IMP 10448950oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced neuron deathRGD 
negative regulation of macroautophagy involved_inIMP 10448950PMID:23435171ParkinsonsUK-UCL 
negative regulation of TOR signaling involved_inIMP 10448950PMID:23435171ParkinsonsUK-UCL 
positive regulation of macroautophagy  IDA 10448950 RGD 

Cellular Component
TermQualifierEvidenceWithReferenceNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
nucleus located_inIDA 10448950PMID:23435171ParkinsonsUK-UCL 
perinuclear region of cytoplasm located_inIDA 10448950PMID:23435171ParkinsonsUK-UCL 

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Tsc1  (TSC complex subunit 1)


Additional Information