Twist1 (twist family bHLH transcription factor 1)

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Gene: Twist1 (twist family bHLH transcription factor 1) Rattus norvegicus

Analyze

Symbol:

Twist1

Name:

twist family bHLH transcription factor 1

RGD ID:

621455

Description:

Predicted to enable several functions, including E-box binding activity; histone deacetylase binding activity; and protein homodimerization activity. Involved in several processes, including bone development; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; and roof of mouth development. Predicted to be located in nucleus. Biomarker of pulmonary hypertension and rheumatic heart disease. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Sweeney-Cox syndrome; breast cancer (multiple); and synostosis (multiple). Orthologous to human TWIST1 (twist family bHLH transcription factor 1); PARTICIPATES IN hypoxia inducible factor pathway; INTERACTS WITH 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine; 6-propyl-2-thiouracil; ammonium chloride.

Type:

protein-coding

RefSeq Status:

VALIDATED

Previously known as:

Twist; twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 1; twist gene homolog 1; twist gene homolog 1 (Drosophila); twist gene homolog, (Drosophila); twist homolog 1; twist homolog 1 (Drosophila); twist-related protein 1

RGD Orthologs

Alliance Genes

More Info

more info ...

Latest Assembly:

mRatBN7.2 - mRatBN7.2 Assembly

Position:

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
mRatBN7.2	6	50,674,910 - 50,676,904 (+)	NCBI	mRatBN7.2	mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl	6	50,674,678 - 50,677,653 (+)	Ensembl		mRatBN7.2 Ensembl
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx	6	50,955,709 - 50,957,706 (+)	NCBI	Rnor_SHR	UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0	6	51,270,651 - 51,272,648 (+)	NCBI	Rnor_SHRSP	UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0	6	50,726,837 - 50,728,832 (+)	NCBI	Rnor_WKY	UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.0	6	53,401,241 - 53,403,235 (+)	NCBI	Rnor6.0	Rnor_6.0	rn6	Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl	6	53,401,109 - 53,403,214 (+)	Ensembl	Rnor6.0		rn6	Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0	6	63,023,523 - 63,025,517 (+)	NCBI	Rnor5.0	Rnor_5.0	rn5	Rnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4	6	52,605,869 - 52,607,863 (+)	NCBI	RGSC3.4	RGSC_v3.4	rn4	RGSC3.4
RGSC_v3.1	6	52,609,172 - 52,609,784 (+)	NCBI
Celera	6	49,841,416 - 49,843,227 (+)	NCBI		Celera
Cytogenetic Map	6	q16	NCBI

JBrowse:

View Region in Genome Browser (JBrowse)

Model

Annotation Click to see Annotation Detail View

Disease Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

acrocephalosyndactylia (ISO)

anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ISO)

breast cancer (ISO)

breast carcinoma (ISO)

coronary artery disease (ISO)

craniosynostosis (ISO)

Craniosynostosis 3 (ISO)

genetic disease (ISO)

Neoplasm Invasiveness (ISO)

Neoplasm Metastasis (ISO)

pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (ISO)

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (ISO)

pulmonary fibrosis (ISO)

pulmonary hypertension (IEP)

rheumatic heart disease (IEP)

Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (IEP)

Robinow Sorauf Syndrome (ISO)

Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (ISO,ISS)

Stomach Neoplasms (ISO)

Sweeney-Cox syndrome (ISO)

Vascular Remodeling (IEP)

Gene-Chemical Interaction Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

(S)-nicotine (ISO)

17beta-estradiol (ISO)

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine (EXP,ISO)

2-ethylhexan-1-ol (ISO)

3-Nitrobenzanthrone (ISO)

4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol (ISO)

4-(N-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)butan-1-one (ISO)

4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide (ISO)

6-propyl-2-thiouracil (EXP)

7,12-dimethyltetraphene (ISO)

afimoxifene (ISO)

aflatoxin B1 (ISO)

aldehydo-D-glucose (ISO)

all-trans-retinoic acid (ISO)

ammonium chloride (EXP)

anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one (ISO)

aristolochic acid A (ISO)

arsane (ISO)

arsenic atom (ISO)

arsenite(3-) (ISO)

belinostat (ISO)

benzo[a]pyrene (EXP,ISO)

bisphenol A (EXP,ISO)

bisphenol F (ISO)

cadmium dichloride (ISO)

calcitriol (ISO)

CGP 52608 (ISO)

choline (ISO)

chromium(6+) (ISO)

cisplatin (ISO)

cobalt dichloride (ISO)

cordycepin (ISO)

coumestrol (ISO)

crizotinib (ISO)

D-glucose (ISO)

dexamethasone (ISO)

diallyl trisulfide (ISO)

dieckol (ISO)

dioxygen (ISO)

dorsomorphin (ISO)

doxorubicin (ISO)

endosulfan (ISO)

Enterolactone (ISO)

erlotinib hydrochloride (ISO)

finasteride (EXP)

flurbiprofen (ISO)

folic acid (ISO)

fonofos (ISO)

gefitinib (ISO)

glucose (ISO)

Honokiol (ISO)

isobutanol (ISO)

L-methionine (ISO)

lapatinib (ISO)

losartan (ISO)

LY294002 (ISO)

malathion (ISO)

melatonin (ISO)

mercury dibromide (ISO)

methylmercury chloride (ISO)

N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ISO)

N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (EXP)

niclosamide (ISO)

nicotine (ISO)

nisin (ISO)

osimertinib (ISO)

ouabain (ISO)

oxaliplatin (EXP)

ozone (ISO)

p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (ISO)

Pachymic acid (ISO)

panobinostat (ISO)

paracetamol (EXP,ISO)

parathion (ISO)

phenylmercury acetate (ISO)

pirinixic acid (ISO)

poly(I:C) (EXP)

progesterone (ISO)

quartz (ISO)

quercetin (EXP,ISO)

reparixin (ISO)

SB 203580 (ISO)

SB 431542 (ISO)

serpentine asbestos (ISO)

sodium arsenite (ISO)

sorafenib (ISO)

stattic (ISO)

sunitinib (ISO)

Swertiamarin (EXP)

terbufos (ISO)

testosterone (EXP)

tetraethylenepentamine (ISO)

thioacetamide (EXP)

thymoquinone (ISO)

topotecan (EXP)

tributylstannane (ISO)

trichostatin A (ISO)

triticonazole (EXP)

undecane (EXP)

valproic acid (ISO)

vorinostat (ISO)

zearalenone (ISO)

Gene Ontology Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

Biological Process

aortic valve morphogenesis (ISO)

bone development (IEP)

cardiac neural crest cell development involved in outflow tract morphogenesis (ISO)

cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis (ISO)

cell proliferation involved in heart valve development (ISO)

cellular response to growth factor stimulus (IEP)

cellular response to hypoxia (ISO)

cranial suture morphogenesis (ISO)

developmental process (IBA)

embryonic camera-type eye formation (ISO)

embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis (ISO)

embryonic digit morphogenesis (ISO)

embryonic forelimb morphogenesis (ISO)

embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis (ISO)

embryonic limb morphogenesis (ISO)

embryonic skeletal system morphogenesis (ISO)

endocardial cushion morphogenesis (ISO)

energy homeostasis (ISO)

eyelid development in camera-type eye (ISO)

hindlimb morphogenesis (ISO)

in utero embryonic development (ISO)

mitral valve morphogenesis (ISO)

negative regulation of apoptotic process (IDA,IMP,ISO)

negative regulation of cell differentiation (ISO)

negative regulation of cellular senescence (ISO)

negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator (ISO)

negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (ISO)

negative regulation of double-strand break repair (ISO)

negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production (ISO)

negative regulation of miRNA transcription (ISO)

negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation (ISO)

negative regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway (ISO)

negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction (ISO)

negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development (ISO)

negative regulation of striated muscle tissue development (ISO)

negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (ISO)

negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production (ISO)

neural tube closure (ISO)

neuron migration (ISO)

ossification (ISO)

osteoblast differentiation (ISO)

positive regulation of cell migration (ISO)

positive regulation of cell motility (ISO)

positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription initiation (ISO)

positive regulation of endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition involved in heart valve formation (ISO)

positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation (IMP)

positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (ISO)

positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation (ISO)

positive regulation of gene expression (ISO)

positive regulation of interleukin-6 production (ISO)

positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production (ISO)

positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (ISO)

positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production (ISO)

regulation of bone mineralization (ISO)

regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (IBA)

roof of mouth development (IEP)

stem cell differentiation (ISO)

Cellular Component

nucleus (ISO)

Molecular Function

bHLH transcription factor binding (ISO)

cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (ISO)

DNA-binding transcription factor activity (ISO)

DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (IBA,ISO)

DNA-binding transcription factor binding (ISO)

DNA-binding transcription repressor activity (ISO)

E-box binding (ISO)

histone deacetylase binding (ISO)

identical protein binding (ISO)

protein binding (ISO)

protein domain specific binding (ISO)

protein homodimerization activity (ISO)

RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (IBA)

transcription coregulator binding (ISO)

Molecular Pathway Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

hypoxia inducible factor pathway (ISO)

References

References - curated

#	Reference Title	Reference Citation
1.	Endochondral and intramembranous fetal bone development: osteoblastic cell proliferation, and expression of alkaline phosphatase, m-twist, and histone H4.	Alborzi A, etal., J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol. 1996 Apr-Jun;16(2):94-106.
2.	R-twist gene expression during rat palatogenesis.	Bloch-Zupan A, etal., Int J Dev Biol. 2001 Apr;45(2):397-404.
3.	Gene expression profiling of pulmonary fibrosis identifies Twist1 as an antiapoptotic molecular "rectifier" of growth factor signaling.	Bridges RS, etal., Am J Pathol. 2009 Dec;175(6):2351-61. Epub 2009 Nov 5.
4.	Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium.	Gaudet P, etal., Brief Bioinform. 2011 Sep;12(5):449-62. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbr042. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
5.	Rat ISS GO annotations from GOA human gene data--August 2006	GOA data from the GO Consortium
6.	TWIST-1 is overexpressed in neoplastic choroid plexus epithelial cells and promotes proliferation and invasion.	Hasselblatt M, etal., Cancer Res. 2009 Mar 15;69(6):2219-23. Epub 2009 Mar 10.
7.	FOXA1 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression by suppressing PIK3R1 expression in male patients.	He S, etal., J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2017 Dec 6;36(1):175. doi: 10.1186/s13046-017-0646-6.
8.	Mutations in TWIST, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, in Saethre-Chotzen syndrome.	Howard TD, etal., Nat Genet. 1997 Jan;15(1):36-41.
9.	Twist is a potential oncogene that inhibits apoptosis.	Maestro R, etal., Genes Dev 1999 Sep 1;13(17):2207-17.
10.	Rat ISS GO annotations from MGI mouse gene data--August 2006	MGD data from the GO Consortium
11.	Electronic Transfer of LocusLink and RefSeq Data	NCBI rat LocusLink and RefSeq merged data July 26, 2002
12.	OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline	OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline
13.	PID Annotation Import Pipeline	Pipeline to import Pathway Interaction Database annotations from NCI into RGD
14.	Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary hypertension.	Ranchoux B, etal., Circulation. 2015 Mar 17;131(11):1006-18. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.008750. Epub 2015 Jan 15.
15.	GOA pipeline	RGD automated data pipeline
16.	ClinVar Automated Import and Annotation Pipeline	RGD automated import pipeline for ClinVar variants, variant-to-disease annotations and gene-to-disease annotations
17.	Data Import for Chemical-Gene Interactions	RGD automated import pipeline for gene-chemical interactions
18.	Comprehensive gene review and curation	RGD comprehensive gene curation
19.	Information Derived from GenBank Report	RGD, Sept. 2003
20.	Activation of activin/Smad2 and 3 signaling pathway and the potential involvement of endothelial‑mesenchymal transition in the valvular damage due to rheumatic heart disease.	Xian S, etal., Mol Med Rep. 2021 Jan;23(1):10. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11648. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
21.	Twist1 promotes breast cancer invasion and metastasis by silencing Foxa1 expression.	Xu Y, etal., Oncogene. 2017 Feb 23;36(8):1157-1166. doi: 10.1038/onc.2016.286. Epub 2016 Aug 15.

Additional References at PubMed

PMID:7664846	PMID:7729687	PMID:7958419	PMID:8889548	PMID:8988167	PMID:9520323	PMID:10567574	PMID:10700192	PMID:10749989	PMID:11350121	PMID:12142027	PMID:12175489
PMID:12221714	PMID:12270142	PMID:12477932	PMID:14645221	PMID:15030764	PMID:15162501	PMID:15545268	PMID:16100003	PMID:16502419	PMID:16831897	PMID:16888803	PMID:17003487
PMID:17070479	PMID:17332324	PMID:17332325	PMID:17690110	PMID:17893140	PMID:18297062	PMID:18539270	PMID:19345188	PMID:19597909	PMID:20007935	PMID:20804746	PMID:24011070
PMID:25981568	PMID:30938209	PMID:31539631	PMID:32309849	PMID:34461141	PMID:34616033

Genomics

Comparative Map Data

Twist1
(Rattus norvegicus - Norway rat)

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
mRatBN7.2	6	50,674,910 - 50,676,904 (+)	NCBI	mRatBN7.2	mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl	6	50,674,678 - 50,677,653 (+)	Ensembl		mRatBN7.2 Ensembl
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx	6	50,955,709 - 50,957,706 (+)	NCBI	Rnor_SHR	UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0	6	51,270,651 - 51,272,648 (+)	NCBI	Rnor_SHRSP	UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0	6	50,726,837 - 50,728,832 (+)	NCBI	Rnor_WKY	UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.0	6	53,401,241 - 53,403,235 (+)	NCBI	Rnor6.0	Rnor_6.0	rn6	Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl	6	53,401,109 - 53,403,214 (+)	Ensembl	Rnor6.0		rn6	Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0	6	63,023,523 - 63,025,517 (+)	NCBI	Rnor5.0	Rnor_5.0	rn5	Rnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4	6	52,605,869 - 52,607,863 (+)	NCBI	RGSC3.4	RGSC_v3.4	rn4	RGSC3.4
RGSC_v3.1	6	52,609,172 - 52,609,784 (+)	NCBI
Celera	6	49,841,416 - 49,843,227 (+)	NCBI		Celera
Cytogenetic Map	6	q16	NCBI

TWIST1
(Homo sapiens - human)

Human Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Human Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
GRCh38	7	19,113,047 - 19,117,636 (-)	NCBI	GRCh38	GRCh38	hg38	GRCh38
GRCh38.p14 Ensembl	7	19,020,991 - 19,117,636 (-)	Ensembl	GRCh38		hg38	GRCh38
GRCh37	7	19,152,670 - 19,157,259 (-)	NCBI	GRCh37	GRCh37	hg19	GRCh37
Build 36	7	19,121,616 - 19,123,820 (-)	NCBI	NCBI36	Build 36	hg18	NCBI36
Build 34	7	18,928,330 - 18,930,265	NCBI
Celera	7	19,134,693 - 19,136,894 (-)	NCBI		Celera
Cytogenetic Map	7	p21.1	NCBI
HuRef	7	19,039,766 - 19,041,695 (-)	NCBI		HuRef
CHM1_1	7	19,155,871 - 19,158,073 (-)	NCBI		CHM1_1
T2T-CHM13v2.0	7	19,242,984 - 19,247,572 (-)	NCBI		T2T-CHM13v2.0
CRA_TCAGchr7v2	7	19,206,542 - 19,208,746 (-)	NCBI

Twist1
(Mus musculus - house mouse)

Mouse Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Mouse Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
GRCm39	12	34,007,670 - 34,009,830 (+)	NCBI	GRCm39	GRCm39	mm39
GRCm39 Ensembl	12	34,007,670 - 34,009,828 (+)	Ensembl		GRCm39 Ensembl
GRCm38	12	33,957,671 - 33,959,831 (+)	NCBI	GRCm38	GRCm38	mm10	GRCm38
GRCm38.p6 Ensembl	12	33,957,671 - 33,959,829 (+)	Ensembl	GRCm38		mm10	GRCm38
MGSCv37	12	34,642,536 - 34,644,696 (+)	NCBI	GRCm37	MGSCv37	mm9	NCBIm37
MGSCv36	12	34,542,918 - 34,545,078 (+)	NCBI		MGSCv36	mm8
Celera	12	35,391,139 - 35,393,299 (+)	NCBI		Celera
Cytogenetic Map	12	A3	NCBI
cM Map	12	14.81	NCBI

Twist1
(Chinchilla lanigera - long-tailed chinchilla)

Chinchilla Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Chinchilla Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
ChiLan1.0	NW_004955410	22,003,981 - 22,005,483 (-)	NCBI	ChiLan1.0	ChiLan1.0

TWIST1
(Pan paniscus - bonobo/pygmy chimpanzee)

Bonobo Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Bonobo Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
NHGRI_mPanPan1	7	72,265,343 - 72,268,909 (-)	NCBI		NHGRI_mPanPan1
Mhudiblu_PPA_v0	7	19,761,041 - 19,765,665 (-)	NCBI	Mhudiblu_PPA_v0	Mhudiblu_PPA_v0	panPan3
PanPan1.1	7	19,086,842 - 19,088,398 (-)	NCBI	panpan1.1	PanPan1.1	panPan2

TWIST1
(Canis lupus familiaris - dog)

Dog Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Dog Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
Dog10K_Boxer_Tasha	14	32,910,643 - 32,912,659 (-)	NCBI		Dog10K_Boxer_Tasha
ROS_Cfam_1.0	14	33,303,139 - 33,305,160 (-)	NCBI		ROS_Cfam_1.0
ROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl	14	33,304,421 - 33,305,047 (-)	Ensembl		ROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl
UMICH_Zoey_3.1	14	33,412,240 - 33,414,258 (-)	NCBI		UMICH_Zoey_3.1
UNSW_CanFamBas_1.0	14	33,113,407 - 33,115,426 (-)	NCBI		UNSW_CanFamBas_1.0
UU_Cfam_GSD_1.0	14	33,429,893 - 33,431,914 (-)	NCBI		UU_Cfam_GSD_1.0

Twist1
(Ictidomys tridecemlineatus - thirteen-lined ground squirrel)

Squirrel Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Squirrel Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
HiC_Itri_2	NW_024405118	77,655,541 - 77,657,763 (-)	NCBI		HiC_Itri_2
SpeTri2.0 Ensembl	NW_004936546	5,331,863 - 5,332,555 (-)	Ensembl	SpeTri2.0
SpeTri2.0	NW_004936546	5,331,220 - 5,332,669 (-)	NCBI	SpeTri2.0	SpeTri2.0		SpeTri2.0

TWIST1
(Sus scrofa - pig)

Pig Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Pig Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
Sscrofa11.1 Ensembl	9	88,289,407 - 88,290,015 (-)	Ensembl	Sscrofa11.1		susScr11	Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa11.1	9	88,286,911 - 88,290,131 (-)	NCBI	Sscrofa11.1	Sscrofa11.1	susScr11	Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa10.2	9	97,326,044 - 97,329,330 (-)	NCBI	Sscrofa10.2	Sscrofa10.2	susScr3

TWIST1
(Chlorocebus sabaeus - green monkey)

Green Monkey Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Green Monkey Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
ChlSab1.1	21	39,040,178 - 39,042,384 (+)	NCBI	ChlSab1.1	ChlSab1.1	chlSab2
ChlSab1.1 Ensembl	21	39,040,547 - 39,041,146 (+)	Ensembl	ChlSab1.1	ChlSab1.1 Ensembl	chlSab2
Vero_WHO_p1.0	NW_023666042	65,498,692 - 65,500,893 (-)	NCBI	Vero_WHO_p1.0	Vero_WHO_p1.0

Twist1
(Heterocephalus glaber - naked mole-rat)

Naked Mole-Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Naked Mole-Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
HetGla_female_1.0 Ensembl	NW_004624739	11,352,141 - 11,352,809 (+)	Ensembl	HetGla_female_1.0	HetGla_female_1.0 Ensembl	hetGla2
HetGla 1.0	NW_004624739	11,352,040 - 11,354,019 (+)	NCBI	HetGla_female_1.0	HetGla 1.0	hetGla2

Variants

Variants in Twist1
3 total Variants

miRNA Target Status

Predicted Target Of

	Summary Value
Count of predictions:	409
Count of miRNA genes:	207
Interacting mature miRNAs:	248
Transcripts:	ENSRNOT00000014763
Prediction methods:	Microtar, Miranda, Rnahybrid, Targetscan
Result types:	miRGate_prediction

The detailed report is available here: Full Report CSV TAB Printer

miRNA Target Status data imported from miRGate (http://mirgate.bioinfo.cnio.es/).
For more information about miRGate, see PMID:25858286 or access the full paper here.

QTLs in Region (mRatBN7.2)

The following QTLs overlap with this region.

RGD ID	Symbol	Name	LOD	P Value	Trait	Sub Trait	Chr	Start	Stop	Species
2301972	Bp325	Blood pressure QTL 325	4.8		arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	6	1	72227641	Rat
1300164	Rf15	Renal function QTL 15	3.12		renal blood flow trait (VT:2000006)	absolute change in renal blood flow rate (CMO:0001168)	6	5074497	54641141	Rat
4145119	Mcs25	Mammary carcinoma susceptibility QTL 25		0.0001	mammary gland integrity trait (VT:0010552)	ratio of deaths to total study population during a period of time (CMO:0001023)	6	10894415	110548006	Rat
1578665	Bss16	Bone structure and strength QTL 16	4.4		femur morphology trait (VT:0000559)	bone trabecular cross-sectional area (CMO:0002311)	6	11735669	72593685	Rat
1578668	Bmd14	Bone mineral density QTL 14	3.8		femur mineral mass (VT:0010011)	total volumetric bone mineral density (CMO:0001728)	6	11735669	72593685	Rat
10401812	Kidm54	Kidney mass QTL 54			kidney mass (VT:0002707)	both kidneys wet weight (CMO:0000085)	6	14368788	59368788	Rat
10401800	Kidm49	Kidney mass QTL 49			kidney mass (VT:0002707)	both kidneys wet weight (CMO:0000085)	6	14368788	59368788	Rat
1576309	Emca7	Estrogen-induced mammary cancer QTL 7	4		mammary gland integrity trait (VT:0010552)	mammary tumor number (CMO:0000343)	6	15107216	107351382	Rat
2292589	Emca10	Estrogen-induced mammary cancer QTL 10		0.048	mammary gland integrity trait (VT:0010552)	post-insult time to mammary tumor formation (CMO:0000345)	6	16536140	61536140	Rat
1354664	Slep2	Serum leptin concentration QTL 2	4.49		blood leptin amount (VT:0005667)	serum leptin level (CMO:0000780)	6	16536140	71636405	Rat
1641898	Colcr4	Colorectal carcinoma resistance QTL4	3.71	0.0007	intestine integrity trait (VT:0010554)	well differentiated malignant colorectal tumor surface area measurement (CMO:0002077)	6	20338777	62613667	Rat
2293839	Kiddil2	Kidney dilation QTL 2	4.8		kidney pelvis morphology trait (VT:0004194)	hydronephrosis severity score (CMO:0001208)	6	20866422	81133036	Rat
2293841	Kiddil4	Kidney dilation QTL 4	4.4		kidney pelvis morphology trait (VT:0004194)	hydronephrosis severity score (CMO:0001208)	6	20866422	81133036	Rat
1331779	Rf38	Renal function QTL 38	2.876		kidney blood vessel physiology trait (VT:0100012)	absolute change in renal vascular resistance (CMO:0001900)	6	32074428	72227641	Rat
634318	Bw118	Body weight QTL 118	3.55		abdominal fat pad mass (VT:1000711)	abdominal fat pad weight (CMO:0000088)	6	33309549	57730294	Rat
6893340	Cm77	Cardiac mass QTL 77	0.26	0.57	heart mass (VT:0007028)	heart weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000074)	6	33309549	81132889	Rat
1300143	Rf14	Renal function QTL 14	2.92		renal blood flow trait (VT:2000006)	absolute change in renal blood flow rate (CMO:0001168)	6	34434137	77102317	Rat
1354632	Scl29	Serum cholesterol level QTL 29	3.74		blood cholesterol amount (VT:0000180)	serum total cholesterol level (CMO:0000363)	6	35098709	71636405	Rat
634307	Bp141	Blood pressure QTL 141	4		arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)	systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)	6	35230417	80230417	Rat
70199	Coreg1	Compensatory renal growth QTL 1	11.8		kidney mass (VT:0002707)	compensatory renal growth score (CMO:0001894)	6	35691618	57730540	Rat
9590290	Uminl2	Urine mineral level QTL 2	3.96	0.001	urine mineral amount (VT:0015086)	urine electrolyte level (CMO:0000593)	6	38783989	83783989	Rat
9590306	Scort18	Serum corticosterone level QTL 18	2.88	0.001	blood corticosterone amount (VT:0005345)	plasma corticosterone level (CMO:0001173)	6	38783989	83783989	Rat
9590140	Scort4	Serum corticosterone level QTL 4	14.49	0.001	blood corticosterone amount (VT:0005345)	plasma corticosterone level (CMO:0001173)	6	38783989	83783989	Rat
634330	Pia16	Pristane induced arthritis QTL 16	3.9		joint integrity trait (VT:0010548)	arthritic paw count (CMO:0001460)	6	45790088	104200226	Rat

Markers in Region

M63649

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse
mRatBN7.2	6	50,676,275 - 50,676,463 (+)	MAPPER	mRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.0	6	53,402,607 - 53,402,794	NCBI	Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0	6	63,024,889 - 63,025,076	UniSTS	Rnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4	6	52,607,235 - 52,607,422	UniSTS	RGSC3.4
Celera	6	49,842,599 - 49,842,786	UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map	6	q16	UniSTS

Twist

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse
mRatBN7.2	6	50,675,415 - 50,675,755 (+)	MAPPER	mRatBN7.2
Rnor_6.0	6	53,401,747 - 53,402,086	NCBI	Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0	6	63,024,029 - 63,024,368	UniSTS	Rnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4	6	52,606,375 - 52,606,714	UniSTS	RGSC3.4
Celera	6	49,841,739 - 49,842,078	UniSTS
Cytogenetic Map	6	q16	UniSTS

Expression

RNA-SEQ Expression

High: > 1000 TPM value Medium: Between 11 and 1000 TPM
Low: Between 0.5 and 10 TPM Below Cutoff: < 0.5 TPM

	alimentary part of gastrointestinal system	circulatory system	endocrine system	exocrine system	hemolymphoid system	hepatobiliary system	integumental system	musculoskeletal system	nervous system	renal system	reproductive system	respiratory system	appendage
High
Medium		12	6	6		6			8	10	32
Low	3	31	17	2	16	2	7	10	65	25	8	9	7
Below cutoff			33	32	3	32	1	1	1		1	2	1

View RNA-SEQ Expression Data

Sequence

Nucleotide Sequences


RefSeq Transcripts	NM_053530	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
GenBank Nucleotide	AF266260	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	AJ131845	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	BC166412	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	BF420349	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	BQ206289	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles
	JACYVU010000164	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer	Search GEO for Microarray Profiles

RefSeq Acc Id:

ENSRNOT00000014763 ⟹ ENSRNOP00000014763

Type:

CODING

Position:

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl	6	50,674,678 - 50,677,653 (+)	Ensembl
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl	6	53,401,109 - 53,403,214 (+)	Ensembl

RefSeq Acc Id:

NM_053530 ⟹ NP_445982

RefSeq Status:

VALIDATED

Type:

CODING

Position:

Rat Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source
mRatBN7.2	6	50,674,910 - 50,676,904 (+)	NCBI
Rnor_6.0	6	53,401,241 - 53,403,235 (+)	NCBI
Rnor_5.0	6	63,023,523 - 63,025,517 (+)	NCBI
RGSC_v3.4	6	52,605,869 - 52,607,863 (+)	RGD
Celera	6	49,841,416 - 49,843,227 (+)	NCBI

Sequence:

show sequence

CCGCCTCCAGCGCCCTCCCCGCGGAGGTCCCCCCCCCATCCCGCCTCCCTGCGTCCTCCGGGCC
GCACCGCCCGGGCCGGCGCCGAGCGCGGGGAAGCTGGCGGGTTAGGGCGCCCCGCTCCTCTGCT
ATTCCCTCCCCCGTCCCGGCTCCGCGAGGCCGCAGGTCGCCGCCCGCGAGATGATGCAGGACGT
GTCCAGCTCGCCAGTCTCGCCGGCCGACGACAGCCTGAGCAACAGCGAGGAGGAGCCGGACCGG
CAGCAGCCGGCGAGCGGCAAGCGGGGGGCTCGCAAGAGACGCAGCAGTCGGCGCAGCGCGGGCG
GCAGCGCGGGGCCCGGCGGGGCCACGGGCGGGGGCATCGGAGGCGGCGACGAGCCGGGCAGCCC
GGCCCAGGGCAAGCGCGGCAAGAAATCTGCGGGCGGAGGCGGCGGCGCGGGCGGAGGCGGCGGC
GGCGGCGGCAGCAGCAGCGGGGGCGGGAGCCCGCAGTCGTACGAGGAGCTGCAGACACAGCGGG
TCATGGCCAACGTGCGGGAGCGCCAGCGCACCCAGTCGCTGAACGAGGCATTTGCCGCCCTGCG
CAAGATCATCCCCACGCTGCCCTCGGACAAGCTGAGCAAGATTCAGACCCTCAAACTGGCGGCC
AGGTACATCGACTTCCTGTACCAGGTCCTGCAGAGCGACGAGCTGGACTCCAAGATGGCAAGCT
GCAGCTATGTGGCCCACGAGCGGCTCAGCTACGCCTTCTCCGTCTGGAGGATGGAGGGGGCCTG
GTCCATGTCCGCGTCCCACTAGCAGGCGGAGCTCCCCACCCCCTCGGCAGGCCGGAGACCTAGA
TGTCATTGTTTCCAGAGAAGGAGAACATGGACAGTCTAGAGACTCTGGAGCTGGATAACTAAAA
ATAAATCTATATGACAAAGATTTTCTTGGAAATTAGAAGAGCAGAGACCAAATTTCACAAGAAT
CAGGGCGTGGGGCACACTTTTAAAAGAGAAAGCGAGACAGGCCGGTGGACAGAGATTCCCAGAG
GCAACGGCATCACCCTCACACCTCTGCATTCTGATAGAAGTCTGAACACTCGTTTGTGTGTCCC
CCCCTTTTGACGAAGAATGTTTTATTTTTATTTTTCATGCATGCATTCTCAAGAGGTCTTGCCA
ATCAGTCACTGATAGGAAAGACATCCTTGTGGACTTTCTCCATTTTAAAATGGTAACAATCAGA
GGAATTTTAACAACGCCTTTAGAAATAAAAACGCTGGGATCAAACTGGCCTGCAAAATCATAAG
TCAGTGAATTCCTTAAAAAGCATACTTCCTCTGAAGGAAAAGAAAAACACAGAATACAAAAGAC
AACATTCTATTTATTTATTGATGACCCATGGTAAAATGCAAATAGATCCGGTGTCTAAATGCAT
TCATATTTTTATGACTGTTTTGTAAATATCTTTTGTATATTATTTTTCTGCAATAAATAAATAT
GATTGAAAAATTTTAAGAACTTTAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

hide sequence

Protein Sequences


Protein RefSeqs	NP_445982	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
GenBank Protein	AAF73469	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
	AAI66412	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer
	CAC20861	(Get FASTA)	NCBI Sequence Viewer

RefSeq Acc Id:

NP_445982 ⟸ NM_053530

- UniProtKB:

Q9EPJ1 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

- Sequence:

show sequence

MMQDVSSSPVSPADDSLSNSEEEPDRQQPASGKRGARKRRSSRRSAGGSAGPGGATGGGIGGGD
EPGSPAQGKRGKKSAGGGGGAGGGGGGGGSSSGGGSPQSYEELQTQRVMANVRERQRTQSLNEA
FAALRKIIPTLPSDKLSKIQTLKLAARYIDFLYQVLQSDELDSKMASCSYVAHERLSYAFSVWR
MEGAWSMSASH

hide sequence

RefSeq Acc Id:

ENSRNOP00000014763 ⟸ ENSRNOT00000014763

Protein Domains

bHLH

Protein Structures

Name	Modeler	Protein Id	AA Range	Protein Structure
AF-Q9EPJ1-F1-model_v2	AlphaFold	Q9EPJ1	1-203	view protein structure

Transcriptome

eQTL		View at Phenogen
WGCNA		View at Phenogen
Tissue/Strain Expression		View at Phenogen

Additional Information

External Database Links

Database	Acc Id	Source(s)
AGR Gene	RGD:621455	AgrOrtholog
BioCyc Gene	G2FUF-37822	BioCyc
Ensembl Genes	ENSRNOG00000011101	Ensembl, ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Ensembl Protein	ENSRNOP00000014763	ENTREZGENE
	ENSRNOP00000014763.3	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Ensembl Transcript	ENSRNOT00000014763	ENTREZGENE
	ENSRNOT00000014763.7	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Gene3D-CATH	4.10.280.10	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
IMAGE_CLONE	IMAGE:9033082	IMAGE-MGC_LOAD
InterPro	HLH_DNA-bd_sf	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
	HLH_DNA_bd	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
	TWIST1_bHLH	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
KEGG Report	rno:85489	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
MGC_CLONE	MGC:187265	IMAGE-MGC_LOAD
NCBI Gene	85489	ENTREZGENE
PANTHER	BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, TWIST	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
	PTHR23349:SF64	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Pfam	HLH	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
PharmGKB	TWIST1	RGD
PhenoGen	Twist1	PhenoGen
PROSITE	HLH	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
SMART	HLH	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Superfamily-SCOP	HLH_basic	UniProtKB/TrEMBL
UniProt	Q9EPJ1	ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Nomenclature History

Date	Current Symbol	Current Name	Previous Symbol	Previous Name	Description	Reference	Status
2013-11-11	Twist1	twist family bHLH transcription factor 1	Twist1	twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 1	Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature	1299863	APPROVED
2013-01-02	Twist1	twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 1	Twist1	twist homolog 1 (Drosophila)	Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature	1299863	APPROVED
2008-11-11	Twist1	twist homolog 1 (Drosophila)	Twist1	twist gene homolog 1 (Drosophila)	Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature	1299863	APPROVED
2005-01-20	Twist1	twist gene homolog 1 (Drosophila)	Twist	twist gene homolog, (Drosophila)	Symbol and Name updated	1299863	APPROVED
2002-08-07	Twist	twist gene homolog, (Drosophila)			Symbol and Name status set to provisional	70820	PROVISIONAL

Gene Annotator (Functional Annotation) unavailable	Gene Annotator (Annotation Distribution) unavailable	Variant Visualizer (Genomic Variants) unavailble Variant Visualizer (Genomic Variants) unavailable
Gene Annotator (Functional Annotation)	Gene Annotator (Annotation Distribution)	Variant Visualizer (Genomic Variants)

InterViewer (Protein-Protein Interactions) unavailable	Gviewer (Genome Viewer) unavailable	Variant Visualizer (Damaging Variants) unavailble Variant Visualizer (Damaging Variants) unavailable
InterViewer (Protein-Protein Interactions)	GViewer (Genome Viewer)	Variant Visualizer (Damaging Variants)

Gene Annotator (Annotation Comparison) unavailable	OLGA (Gene List Generator) unavailable
Gene Annotator (Annotation Comparison)	OLGA (Gene List Generator)	Excel (Download)

MOET (Multi-Ontology Enrichement) unavailable	GOLF (Gene-Ortholog Location Finder) unavailable
MOET (Multi-Ontology Enrichement)	GOLF (Gene-Ortholog Location Finder)

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Imported Disease Annotations - CTD

Imported Disease Annotations - MGI

Imported Disease Annotations - OMIM

Imported Annotations - PID (archival)

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Imported Disease Annotations - OMIM

Imported Annotations - PID (archival)