Twist2 (twist family bHLH transcription factor 2) - Rat Genome Database

Send us a Message
Submit Data |  Help |  Video Tutorials |  News |  Publications |  Download |  REST API |  Citing RGD |  Contact   
Search RGD Grant Resources Citing RGD About Us Contact Us
Genes Variants Community Projects QTLs Strains Markers Genome Information Ontologies Cell Lines References Download Submit Data
OntoMate (Literature Search) JBrowse (Genome Browser) Synteny Browser (VCMap) Variant Visualizer Multi-Ontology Enrichment (MOET) Gene-Ortholog Location Finder (GOLF) InterViewer (Protein-Protein Interactions) PhenoMiner (Quatitative Phenotypes) Gene Annotator OLGA (Gene List Generator) AllianceMine GViewer (Genome Viewer)
Aging & Age-Related Disease Cancer & Neoplastic Disease Cardiovascular Disease Coronavirus Disease Developmental Disease Diabetes Hematologic Disease Immune & Inflammatory Disease Infectious Disease Liver Disease Neurological Disease Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome Renal Disease Respiratory Disease Sensory Organ Disease
Find Models Genetic Models Autism Models Rat PhenoMiner (Quantitative Phenotypes) Chinchilla PhenoMiner Expected Ranges (Quantitative Phenotype) PhenoMiner Term Comparison Hybrid Rat Diversity Panel Phenotypes Phenotypes in Other Animal Models Animal Husbandry Strain Medical Records Phylogenetics Strain Availability Calendar Rats 101 Submissions Photo Archive
Pathways
Rat Community Forum Directory of Rat Laboratories Video Tutorials News RGD Publications RGD Presentations Archive Nomenclature Guidelines Resource Links Laboratory Resources Employment Resources
Advanced Search (OLGA)
Gene: Twist2 (twist family bHLH transcription factor 2) Rattus norvegicus
Analyze
Symbol: Twist2
Name: twist family bHLH transcription factor 2
RGD ID: 621286
Description: Predicted to enable several functions, including DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity; and chromatin binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process; response to insulin; and response to organic cyclic compound. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm; nucleolus; and nucleoplasm. Predicted to be part of transcription regulator complex. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Barber-Say syndrome and ablepharon macrostomia syndrome. Orthologous to human TWIST2 (twist family bHLH transcription factor 2); INTERACTS WITH 1,2-dimethylhydrazine; 17alpha-ethynylestradiol; 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine.
Type: protein-coding
RefSeq Status: VALIDATED
Previously known as: dermo-1 protein; Dermo1; twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 2; twist homolog 2; twist homolog 2 (Drosophila); twist-related protein 2
RGD Orthologs
Human
Mouse
Chinchilla
Bonobo
Dog
Squirrel
Pig
Green Monkey
Naked Mole-Rat
Alliance Orthologs
More Info more info ...
Latest Assembly: mRatBN7.2 - mRatBN7.2 Assembly
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCr8999,822,242 - 99,866,722 (+)NCBIGRCr8
mRatBN7.2992,374,740 - 92,419,222 (+)NCBImRatBN7.2mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl992,374,574 - 92,419,222 (+)EnsemblmRatBN7.2 Ensembl
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx9100,809,039 - 100,853,482 (+)NCBIRnor_SHRUTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.09105,944,804 - 105,989,247 (+)NCBIRnor_SHRSPUTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.09104,302,463 - 104,346,934 (+)NCBIRnor_WKYUTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.0998,924,134 - 98,968,510 (+)NCBIRnor6.0Rnor_6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl998,924,134 - 98,968,510 (+)EnsemblRnor6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0998,599,201 - 98,642,827 (+)NCBIRnor5.0Rnor_5.0rn5Rnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4991,016,450 - 91,058,863 (+)NCBIRGSC3.4RGSC_v3.4rn4RGSC3.4
RGSC_v3.1991,221,218 - 91,263,067 (+)NCBI
Celera989,915,377 - 89,958,630 (+)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic Map9q36NCBI
JBrowse: View Region in Genome Browser (JBrowse)
Model


Gene Ontology Annotations     Click to see Annotation Detail View

Cellular Component
cytoplasm  (ISO,ISS)
nucleolus  (IEA,ISO)
nucleoplasm  (IEA,ISO)
nucleus  (ISO,ISS)
transcription regulator complex  (ISO)

References

References - curated
# Reference Title Reference Citation
1. Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Gaudet P, etal., Brief Bioinform. 2011 Sep;12(5):449-62. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbr042. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
2. Rat ISS GO annotations from GOA human gene data--August 2006 GOA data from the GO Consortium
3. Increased expression of the receptor for activation of NF-kappaB and decreased runt-related transcription factor 2 expression in bone of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Hie M and Tsukamoto I, Int J Mol Med. 2010 Oct;26(4):611-8. doi: 10.3892/ijmm_00000506.
4. Twist is a potential oncogene that inhibits apoptosis. Maestro R, etal., Genes Dev 1999 Sep 1;13(17):2207-17.
5. Rat ISS GO annotations from MGI mouse gene data--August 2006 MGD data from the GO Consortium
6. Electronic Transfer of LocusLink and RefSeq Data NCBI rat LocusLink and RefSeq merged data July 26, 2002
7. OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline
8. GOA pipeline RGD automated data pipeline
9. ClinVar Automated Import and Annotation Pipeline RGD automated import pipeline for ClinVar variants, variant-to-disease annotations and gene-to-disease annotations
10. Data Import for Chemical-Gene Interactions RGD automated import pipeline for gene-chemical interactions
11. Comprehensive gene review and curation RGD comprehensive gene curation
Additional References at PubMed
PMID:7589808   PMID:8889548   PMID:11062344   PMID:14654692   PMID:15030764   PMID:16831897   PMID:19090621   PMID:20574024   PMID:20691403   PMID:24171926   PMID:28208580  


Genomics

Comparative Map Data
Twist2
(Rattus norvegicus - Norway rat)
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCr8999,822,242 - 99,866,722 (+)NCBIGRCr8
mRatBN7.2992,374,740 - 92,419,222 (+)NCBImRatBN7.2mRatBN7.2
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl992,374,574 - 92,419,222 (+)EnsemblmRatBN7.2 Ensembl
UTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx9100,809,039 - 100,853,482 (+)NCBIRnor_SHRUTH_Rnor_SHR_Utx
UTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.09105,944,804 - 105,989,247 (+)NCBIRnor_SHRSPUTH_Rnor_SHRSP_BbbUtx_1.0
UTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.09104,302,463 - 104,346,934 (+)NCBIRnor_WKYUTH_Rnor_WKY_Bbb_1.0
Rnor_6.0998,924,134 - 98,968,510 (+)NCBIRnor6.0Rnor_6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl998,924,134 - 98,968,510 (+)EnsemblRnor6.0rn6Rnor6.0
Rnor_5.0998,599,201 - 98,642,827 (+)NCBIRnor5.0Rnor_5.0rn5Rnor5.0
RGSC_v3.4991,016,450 - 91,058,863 (+)NCBIRGSC3.4RGSC_v3.4rn4RGSC3.4
RGSC_v3.1991,221,218 - 91,263,067 (+)NCBI
Celera989,915,377 - 89,958,630 (+)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic Map9q36NCBI
TWIST2
(Homo sapiens - human)
Human AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCh382238,848,085 - 238,910,534 (+)NCBIGRCh38GRCh38hg38GRCh38
GRCh38.p14 Ensembl2238,848,032 - 238,910,534 (+)EnsemblGRCh38hg38GRCh38
GRCh372239,756,726 - 239,832,230 (+)NCBIGRCh37GRCh37hg19GRCh37
Build 362239,496,916 - 239,497,176 (+)NCBINCBI36Build 36hg18NCBI36
Build 342239,568,232 - 239,568,491NCBI
Celera2233,470,842 - 233,508,585 (+)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic Map2q37.3NCBI
HuRef2231,547,793 - 231,586,033 (+)NCBIHuRef
HuRef2231,602,511 - 231,603,214 (+)NCBIHuRef
CHM1_12239,838,012 - 239,838,268 (+)NCBICHM1_1
CHM1_12239,763,040 - 239,801,929 (+)NCBICHM1_1
T2T-CHM13v2.02239,335,184 - 239,402,179 (+)NCBIT2T-CHM13v2.0
Twist2
(Mus musculus - house mouse)
Mouse AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
GRCm39191,729,183 - 91,775,756 (+)NCBIGRCm39GRCm39mm39
GRCm39 Ensembl191,729,183 - 91,775,750 (+)EnsemblGRCm39 Ensembl
GRCm38191,801,461 - 91,848,034 (+)NCBIGRCm38GRCm38mm10GRCm38
GRCm38.p6 Ensembl191,801,461 - 91,848,028 (+)EnsemblGRCm38mm10GRCm38
MGSCv37193,698,054 - 93,744,604 (+)NCBIGRCm37MGSCv37mm9NCBIm37
MGSCv36193,631,883 - 93,678,433 (+)NCBIMGSCv36mm8
Celera194,738,169 - 94,784,976 (+)NCBICelera
Cytogenetic Map1DNCBI
cM Map146.24NCBI
Twist2
(Chinchilla lanigera - long-tailed chinchilla)
Chinchilla AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
ChiLan1.0 EnsemblNW_0049555421,959,765 - 2,000,665 (-)EnsemblChiLan1.0
ChiLan1.0NW_0049555421,959,765 - 2,000,665 (-)NCBIChiLan1.0ChiLan1.0
TWIST2
(Pan paniscus - bonobo/pygmy chimpanzee)
Bonobo AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
NHGRI_mPanPan1-v213141,482,546 - 141,549,418 (+)NCBINHGRI_mPanPan1-v2
NHGRI_mPanPan12B141,499,450 - 141,564,099 (+)NCBINHGRI_mPanPan1
Mhudiblu_PPA_v02B126,080,684 - 126,143,677 (+)NCBIMhudiblu_PPA_v0Mhudiblu_PPA_v0panPan3
PanPan1.12B244,921,429 - 244,982,136 (+)NCBIpanpan1.1PanPan1.1panPan2
TWIST2
(Canis lupus familiaris - dog)
Dog AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
CanFam3.12549,165,450 - 49,216,545 (+)NCBICanFam3.1CanFam3.1canFam3CanFam3.1
CanFam3.1 Ensembl2549,165,641 - 49,166,123 (+)EnsemblCanFam3.1canFam3CanFam3.1
Dog10K_Boxer_Tasha2549,660,979 - 49,712,121 (+)NCBIDog10K_Boxer_Tasha
ROS_Cfam_1.02549,552,697 - 49,603,842 (+)NCBIROS_Cfam_1.0
ROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl2549,552,774 - 49,553,256 (+)EnsemblROS_Cfam_1.0 Ensembl
UMICH_Zoey_3.12549,426,770 - 49,477,881 (+)NCBIUMICH_Zoey_3.1
UNSW_CanFamBas_1.02549,215,467 - 49,266,628 (+)NCBIUNSW_CanFamBas_1.0
UU_Cfam_GSD_1.02549,447,550 - 49,498,775 (+)NCBIUU_Cfam_GSD_1.0
Twist2
(Ictidomys tridecemlineatus - thirteen-lined ground squirrel)
Squirrel AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
HiC_Itri_2NW_024405303191,151,472 - 191,191,746 (+)NCBIHiC_Itri_2
SpeTri2.0 EnsemblNW_0049367452,028,286 - 2,067,948 (-)EnsemblSpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0 Ensembl
SpeTri2.0NW_0049367452,067,272 - 2,067,948 (-)NCBISpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0SpeTri2.0
TWIST2
(Sus scrofa - pig)
Pig AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
Sscrofa11.1 Ensembl15138,228,807 - 138,229,289 (+)EnsemblSscrofa11.1susScr11Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa11.115138,228,640 - 138,276,341 (+)NCBISscrofa11.1Sscrofa11.1susScr11Sscrofa11.1
Sscrofa10.215152,586,205 - 152,633,994 (+)NCBISscrofa10.2Sscrofa10.2susScr3
TWIST2
(Chlorocebus sabaeus - green monkey)
Green Monkey AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
ChlSab1.110124,889,954 - 124,953,135 (+)NCBIChlSab1.1ChlSab1.1chlSab2
ChlSab1.1 Ensembl10124,890,134 - 124,890,613 (+)EnsemblChlSab1.1ChlSab1.1 EnsemblchlSab2
Vero_WHO_p1.0NW_02366604074,468,298 - 74,529,773 (-)NCBIVero_WHO_p1.0Vero_WHO_p1.0
Twist2
(Heterocephalus glaber - naked mole-rat)
Naked Mole-Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)SourceGenome Browsers
JBrowseNCBIUCSCEnsembl
HetGla_female_1.0 EnsemblNW_0046248473,730,291 - 3,773,773 (+)EnsemblHetGla_female_1.0HetGla_female_1.0 EnsemblhetGla2
HetGla 1.0NW_0046248473,730,126 - 3,774,338 (+)NCBIHetGla_female_1.0HetGla 1.0hetGla2

Variants

.
Variants in Twist2
328 total Variants
miRNA Target Status

Predicted Target Of
Summary Value
Count of predictions:67
Count of miRNA genes:58
Interacting mature miRNAs:60
Transcripts:ENSRNOT00000027597
Prediction methods:Miranda, Rnahybrid
Result types:miRGate_prediction

The detailed report is available here: Full Report CSV TAB Printer

miRNA Target Status data imported from miRGate (http://mirgate.bioinfo.cnio.es/).
For more information about miRGate, see PMID:25858286 or access the full paper here.


QTLs in Region (mRatBN7.2)
The following QTLs overlap with this region.    Full Report CSV TAB Printer Gviewer
RGD IDSymbolNameLODP ValueTraitSub TraitChrStartStopSpecies
631656Bp108Blood pressure QTL 1085.970.0001arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004)94859825193598251Rat
724515Uae16Urinary albumin excretion QTL 168urine albumin amount (VT:0002871)urine albumin excretion rate (CMO:0000757)958163035100929646Rat
731171Glom6Glomerulus QTL 62.80.0003kidney glomerulus morphology trait (VT:0005325)count of superficial glomeruli not directly contacting the kidney surface (CMO:0001002)964573531109573531Rat
724547Cm21Cardiac mass QTL 212.7heart mass (VT:0007028)calculated heart weight (CMO:0000073)979271511102910209Rat
61385Edpm9Estrogen-dependent pituitary mass QTL 93.430.05pituitary gland mass (VT:0010496)pituitary gland wet weight (CMO:0000853)963869687108869687Rat
724544Uae9Urinary albumin excretion QTL 94.5urine albumin amount (VT:0002871)urine albumin level (CMO:0000130)925268044114175309Rat
2290450Scl57Serum cholesterol level QTL 574.15blood cholesterol amount (VT:0000180)plasma total cholesterol level (CMO:0000585)93696235995410867Rat
1578760Cm53Cardiac mass QTL 533.30.0001heart mass (VT:0007028)heart wet weight (CMO:0000069)956771635101771635Rat
1581580Uae34Urinary albumin excretion QTL 34urine albumin amount (VT:0002871)urine albumin excretion rate (CMO:0000757)96207227596470995Rat
1300134Bp185Blood pressure QTL 1853.73arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000)mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009)961381434104821652Rat
1354626Bvd1Brain ventricular dilatation QTL 13.730.001brain ventricle morphology trait (VT:0000822)hydrocephalus severity score (CMO:0001881)975712843111552878Rat
4889852Pur26Proteinuria QTL 26150.001urine total protein amount (VT:0000032)urine total protein excretion rate (CMO:0000756)977813894101597663Rat
7794784Mcs31Mammary carcinoma susceptibility QTL 312.98mammary gland integrity trait (VT:0010552)mammary tumor incidence/prevalence measurement (CMO:0000946)977813894111552878Rat
731164Uae25Urinary albumin excretion QTL 253.50.0001urine albumin amount (VT:0002871)urine albumin excretion rate (CMO:0000757)925661188100929786Rat
1578757Pur6Proteinuria QTL 63.30.005urine total protein amount (VT:0000032)urine total protein excretion rate (CMO:0000756)96207227596470995Rat


Expression

RNA-SEQ Expression

alimentary part of gastrointestinal system
appendage
circulatory system
ectoderm
endocrine system
endoderm
exocrine system
hemolymphoid system
hepatobiliary system
integumental system
mesenchyme
mesoderm
nervous system
renal system
reproductive system
respiratory system
9 11 49 113 86 85 54 25 54 6 213 97 93 45 57 31

Sequence


Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOT00000027597   ⟹   ENSRNOP00000027597
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
mRatBN7.2 Ensembl992,374,574 - 92,419,222 (+)Ensembl
Rnor_6.0 Ensembl998,924,134 - 98,968,510 (+)Ensembl
RefSeq Acc Id: NM_021691   ⟹   NP_067723
RefSeq Status: VALIDATED
Type: CODING
Position:
Rat AssemblyChrPosition (strand)Source
GRCr8999,822,242 - 99,866,722 (+)NCBI
mRatBN7.2992,374,740 - 92,419,222 (+)NCBI
Rnor_6.0998,924,134 - 98,968,510 (+)NCBI
Rnor_5.0998,599,201 - 98,642,827 (+)NCBI
RGSC_v3.4991,016,450 - 91,058,863 (+)RGD
Celera989,915,377 - 89,958,630 (+)RGD
Sequence:
Protein Sequences
Protein RefSeqs NP_067723 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer  
GenBank Protein CAA69333 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer  
  EDL92003 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer  
Ensembl Protein ENSRNOP00000027597.4
  ENSRNOP00055013478
  ENSRNOP00060012626
  ENSRNOP00065027283
GenBank Protein P97831 (Get FASTA)   NCBI Sequence Viewer  
RefSeq Acc Id: NP_067723   ⟸   NM_021691
- UniProtKB: Q60981 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot),   P97831 (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot),   A6JQT4 (UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
- Sequence:
Ensembl Acc Id: ENSRNOP00000027597   ⟸   ENSRNOT00000027597
Protein Domains
bHLH

Protein Structures
Name Modeler Protein Id AA Range Protein Structure
AF-P97831-F1-model_v2 AlphaFold P97831 1-160 view protein structure

Transcriptome

eQTL   View at Phenogen
WGCNA   View at Phenogen
Tissue/Strain Expression   View at Phenogen


Additional Information

Database Acc Id Source(s)
AGR Gene RGD:621286 AgrOrtholog
BioCyc Gene G2FUF-26702 BioCyc
Ensembl Genes ENSRNOG00000020355 Ensembl, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  ENSRNOG00055009877 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  ENSRNOG00060009555 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  ENSRNOG00065020197 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Ensembl Transcript ENSRNOT00000027597.5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  ENSRNOT00055016716 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  ENSRNOT00060016143 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  ENSRNOT00065034080 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Gene3D-CATH 4.10.280.10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
InterPro bHLH_dom UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  E-box_TF_Regulators UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  HLH_DNA-bd_sf UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  Twist2_bHLH UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
KEGG Report rno:59327 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
NCBI Gene 59327 ENTREZGENE
PANTHER BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, TWIST UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  PTHR23349:SF70 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Pfam HLH UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
PhenoGen Twist2 PhenoGen
PROSITE BHLH UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
RatGTEx ENSRNOG00000020355 RatGTEx
  ENSRNOG00055009877 RatGTEx
  ENSRNOG00060009555 RatGTEx
  ENSRNOG00065020197 RatGTEx
SMART HLH UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Superfamily-SCOP HLH, helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domain UniProtKB/TrEMBL, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProt A6JQT4 ENTREZGENE, UniProtKB/TrEMBL
  P97831 ENTREZGENE
  Q60981 ENTREZGENE
  TWST2_RAT UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProt Secondary Q60981 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot


Nomenclature History
Date Current Symbol Current Name Previous Symbol Previous Name Description Reference Status
2013-11-11 Twist2  twist family bHLH transcription factor 2  Twist2  twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 2  Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature 1299863 APPROVED
2013-01-02 Twist2  twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 2  Twist2  twist homolog 2 (Drosophila)  Nomenclature updated to reflect human and mouse nomenclature 1299863 APPROVED
2004-09-10 Twist2  twist homolog 2 (Drosophila)  Dermo1  dermo-1 protein  Symbol and Name updated 1299863 APPROVED
2002-08-07 Dermo1  dermo-1 protein      Symbol and Name status set to provisional 70820 PROVISIONAL

RGD Curation Notes
Note Type Note Reference
gene_product member of bHLH family 634726