DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase 1) - Rat Genome Database

Name: DNMT1
Creator: Rat Genome Database
License: Creative Commons CC BY 4.0
Keywords: Rat Gene RGD Genome

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Gene: DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase 1) Homo sapiens

Analyze

Symbol:

DNMT1

Name:

DNA methyltransferase 1

RGD ID:

1354178

HGNC Page

HGNC:2976

Description:

Enables DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity; DNA binding activity; and promoter-specific chromatin binding activity. Involved in several processes, including maintenance of DNA methylation; regulation of gene expression; and regulation of histone methylation. Located in nucleus. Implicated in Graves' disease; autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, deafness and narcolepsy; hereditary sensory neuropathy; hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1E; and lung non-small cell carcinoma. Biomarker of several diseases, including autoimmune disease of musculoskeletal system (multiple); endometriosis (multiple); lung cancer (multiple); myeloid leukemia (multiple); and pancreatic ductal carcinoma.

Type:

protein-coding

RefSeq Status:

REVIEWED

Previously known as:

ADCADN; AIM; CXXC finger protein 9; CXXC-type zinc finger protein 9; CXXC9; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1; DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1; DNA methyltransferase HsaI; DNA MTase HsaI; DNMT; FLJ16293; HSN1E; m.HsaI; MCMT; MGC104992

RGD Orthologs

Mouse

Rat

Chinchilla

Bonobo

Dog

Squirrel

Pig

Green Monkey

Naked Mole-Rat

Alliance Genes

More Info

more info ...

More Info

Species	Gene symbol and name	Data Source	Assertion derived from	less info ...
Orthologs ¹				less info ...
Mus musculus (house mouse):	Dnmt1 (DNA methyltransferase (cytosine-5) 1)	HGNC	EggNOG, Ensembl, HGNC, HomoloGene, Inparanoid, NCBI, OMA, OrthoDB, OrthoMCL, Panther, PhylomeDB, Treefam
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat):	Dnmt1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)	HGNC	EggNOG, Ensembl, HomoloGene, Inparanoid, NCBI, OMA, OrthoDB, Panther, Treefam
Chinchilla lanigera (long-tailed chinchilla):	Dnmt1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)	NCBI	Ortholog
Pan paniscus (bonobo/pygmy chimpanzee):	DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)	NCBI	Ortholog
Canis lupus familiaris (dog):	DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)	HGNC	EggNOG, Ensembl, HomoloGene, Inparanoid, NCBI, OrthoDB, OrthoMCL, Panther, Treefam
Ictidomys tridecemlineatus (thirteen-lined ground squirrel):	Dnmt1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)	NCBI	Ortholog
Sus scrofa (pig):	DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)	HGNC	EggNOG, Ensembl, Inparanoid, NCBI, OMA, OrthoDB, Panther, Treefam
Chlorocebus sabaeus (green monkey):	DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)	NCBI	Ortholog
Heterocephalus glaber (naked mole-rat):	Dnmt1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)	NCBI	Ortholog
Alliance orthologs ³
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat):	Dnmt1 (DNA methyltransferase 1)	Alliance	DIOPT (Ensembl Compara\|HGNC\|Hieranoid\|InParanoid\|OMA\|OrthoFinder\|OrthoInspector\|PANTHER\|PhylomeDB\|SonicParanoid)
Mus musculus (house mouse):	Dnmt1 (DNA methyltransferase (cytosine-5) 1)	Alliance	DIOPT (Ensembl Compara\|HGNC\|Hieranoid\|InParanoid\|OMA\|OrthoFinder\|OrthoInspector\|PANTHER\|PhylomeDB\|SonicParanoid)
Danio rerio (zebrafish):	dnmt1 (DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1)	Alliance	DIOPT (Ensembl Compara\|Hieranoid\|InParanoid\|OMA\|OrthoFinder\|OrthoInspector\|PANTHER\|PhylomeDB\|SonicParanoid\|ZFIN)

Allele / Splice:

See ClinVar data

Latest Assembly:

GRCh38 - Human Genome Assembly GRCh38

Position:

Human Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	Genome Browsers
Human Assembly	Chr	Position (strand)	Source	JBrowse	NCBI	UCSC	Ensembl
GRCh38	19	10,133,346 - 10,194,953 (-)	NCBI	GRCh38	GRCh38	hg38	GRCh38
GRCh38.p13 Ensembl	19	10,133,342 - 10,231,286 (-)	Ensembl	GRCh38		hg38	GRCh38
GRCh37	19	10,244,022 - 10,305,629 (-)	NCBI	GRCh37	GRCh37	hg19	GRCh37
Build 36	19	10,105,022 - 10,166,811 (-)	NCBI	NCBI36		hg18	NCBI36
Build 34	19	10,105,022 - 10,166,811	NCBI
Celera	19	10,139,454 - 10,201,147 (-)	NCBI
Cytogenetic Map	19	p13.2	NCBI
HuRef	19	9,824,670 - 9,886,268 (-)	NCBI		HuRef
CHM1_1	19	10,244,307 - 10,306,021 (-)	NCBI		CHM1_1
T2T-CHM13v2.0	19	10,259,569 - 10,321,116 (-)	NCBI

JBrowse:

View Region in Genome Browser (JBrowse)

Model

Annotation Click to see Annotation Detail View

Disease Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

acute myeloid leukemia (IEP)

adenocarcinoma (EXP)

Alcoholic Fatty Liver (ISO)

alopecia areata (IEP)

anxiety disorder (EXP)

asthma (EXP,ISO)

Ataxia (IAGP)

autoimmune disease (ISO)

autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, deafness and narcolepsy (IAGP)

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (IAGP)

Binge Drinking (ISO)

Brain Injuries (ISO)

Breast Neoplasms (EXP)

bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma (IEP)

Carcinogenesis (ISO)

carcinoma (EXP)

cardiomyopathy (ISO)

cerebellar ataxia (IAGP)

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (IAGP)

choline deficiency disease (ISO)

chronic myeloid leukemia (IEP)

clear cell renal cell carcinoma (EXP)

Colonic Neoplasms (EXP,ISO)

Colorectal Neoplasms (ISO)

congenital heart disease (ISO)

congestive heart failure (ISO)

dementia (EXP)

Endometrial Neoplasms (IEP)

Endometrioid Carcinomas (IEP)

endometriosis (IEP)

endometriosis of uterus (IEP)

Experimental Arthritis (EXP)

Fetal Growth Retardation (ISO)

Graves' disease (IAGP,IEA)

Hearing Loss (EXP)

hepatocellular carcinoma (ISO)

hereditary sensory neuropathy (EXP,IAGP)

hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1E (IAGP)

Hyperalgesia (ISO)

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (IEP)

liver cirrhosis (ISO)

lung cancer (IEP)

lung carcinoma (ISO)

lung non-small cell carcinoma (IEA,IEP,IMP)

medulloblastoma (EXP)

meningioma (IAGP)

middle cerebral artery infarction (ISO)

mucoepidermoid carcinoma (IEP)

myelodysplastic syndrome (EXP)

Neoplasm Invasiveness (EXP)

Oral Lichen Planus (IEP)

Ovarian Neoplasms (IAGP)

pancreatic ductal carcinoma (EXP,IEP)

Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (IEP)

Peritoneal Fibrosis (ISO)

Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome (IAGP)

prostate adenocarcinoma (ISO)

prostate cancer (IEP)

prostate carcinoma in situ (EXP)

Prostatic Neoplasms (EXP,ISO)

rheumatoid arthritis (IEP)

schizophrenia (IEP,ISO)

sleep disorder (IAGP)

spastic ataxia (IAGP)

Spastic Paraparesis (IAGP)

Stomach Neoplasms (EXP)

systemic lupus erythematosus (IEP)

type 2 diabetes mellitus (ISO)

urinary bladder cancer (IEP)

Uterine Cervical Neoplasms (IEP)

Gene-Chemical Interaction Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

(+)-catechin (EXP)

(-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EXP)

(S)-nicotine (ISO)

1,2-dimethylhydrazine (ISO)

1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile (ISO)

1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (EXP)

17alpha-ethynylestradiol (ISO)

17beta-estradiol (EXP)

2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (EXP)

2,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl (ISO)

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine (EXP,ISO)

2,6-dinitrotoluene (ISO)

3,3'-diindolylmethane (EXP)

3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (ISO)

3-isobutyl-1-methyl-7H-xanthine (ISO)

3-methylcholanthrene (ISO)

4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol (EXP,ISO)

4-\{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl\}phenyl-beta-lactoside (EXP)

4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide (ISO)

5-(hydroxymethyl)cytosine (EXP)

5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (EXP,ISO)

5-azacytidine (EXP,ISO)

6-prenylnaringenin (EXP)

7,12-dimethyltetraphene (ISO)

8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (EXP)

9-cis-retinoic acid (EXP)

acetamide (ISO)

acetic acid (EXP)

acetylsalicylic acid (ISO)

acrolein (ISO)

acrylamide (EXP)

aflatoxin B1 (ISO)

aldehydo-D-glucose (EXP)

all-trans-retinoic acid (EXP)

allethrin (ISO)

amitriptyline (ISO)

amphetamine (ISO)

anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one (ISO)

arsane (EXP,ISO)

arsenic atom (EXP,ISO)

arsenous acid (EXP,ISO)

atrazine (EXP)

benzene (EXP)

benzo[a]pyrene (EXP,ISO)

benzophenanthridine (EXP)

berberine (EXP)

beta-naphthoflavone (EXP)

bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide (ISO)

bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (ISO)

bisphenol A (EXP,ISO)

bisphenol F (EXP)

bleomycin A2 (EXP)

Brodifacoum (EXP)

buta-1,3-diene (ISO)

butyric acid (ISO)

cadmium atom (EXP,ISO)

cadmium dichloride (EXP,ISO)

caffeine (ISO)

calciol (EXP)

calcitriol (EXP)

cantharidin (EXP)

carbon nanotube (ISO)

casticin (EXP)

choline (ISO)

chromium atom (ISO)

cisplatin (EXP,ISO)

citalopram (ISO)

cladribine (EXP)

clofibrate (ISO)

cobalt dichloride (EXP)

copper atom (EXP)

copper(0) (EXP)

coumestrol (EXP)

crocidolite asbestos (EXP)

Cuprizon (ISO)

curcumin (EXP,ISO)

cyclophosphamide (EXP)

cyclosporin A (EXP,ISO)

cyhalothrin (ISO)

cypermethrin (ISO)

D-glucose (EXP)

daidzein (ISO)

daidzein 7-O-beta-D-glucoside (ISO)

DDE (ISO)

DDT (ISO)

decabromodiphenyl ether (EXP)

deoxynivalenol (ISO)

desferrioxamine B (EXP)

dexamethasone (ISO)

diarsenic trioxide (EXP,ISO)

dibutyl phthalate (ISO)

dicrotophos (EXP)

diethylstilbestrol (ISO)

Difenacoum (EXP)

dihydro-beta-erythroidine (ISO)

dimethyl sulfate (EXP)

dimethyl sulfoxide (EXP)

dioxygen (EXP)

disodium selenite (EXP)

doxorubicin (EXP,ISO)

elemental selenium (ISO)

endosulfan (EXP)

Enterolactone (EXP)

entinostat (ISO)

enzyme inhibitor (EXP)

ethanol (ISO)

etoposide (EXP,ISO)

fenthion (ISO)

fenvalerate (ISO)

fisetin (EXP)

Flocoumafen (EXP)

folic acid (EXP,ISO)

formaldehyde (EXP)

fulvestrant (EXP,ISO)

fumonisin B1 (EXP)

gemcitabine (EXP)

genistein (EXP,ISO)

genistein 7-O-beta-D-glucoside (ISO)

glucaric acid (ISO)

glucose (EXP)

glycine betaine (ISO)

glycitein (ISO)

glycitin (ISO)

glyphosate (EXP)

guggulsterone (EXP)

hexadecanoic acid (EXP)

hexane (ISO)

homocysteine (EXP)

hydrogen peroxide (EXP,ISO)

hydroquinone (EXP)

hydroxyurea (EXP)

hypochlorous acid (ISO)

ionomycin (EXP)

ivermectin (EXP)

L-methionine (ISO)

lead diacetate (ISO)

lead(0) (EXP,ISO)

lead(2+) (EXP,ISO)

leptomycin B (EXP)

linsidomine (ISO)

magnesium atom (EXP)

methamphetamine (ISO)

methyl methanesulfonate (EXP)

methylarsonic acid (ISO)

methylmercury chloride (EXP,ISO)

mitomycin C (ISO)

mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (ISO)

morphine (ISO)

myricetin (EXP)

N-acetyl-L-cysteine (EXP)

N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal (EXP,ISO)

N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ISO)

N-nitrosodiethylamine (ISO)

nickel atom (EXP)

nicotinamide (ISO)

nicotine (ISO)

okadaic acid (EXP)

oxaliplatin (ISO)

ozone (EXP,ISO)

paracetamol (EXP,ISO)

paraquat (EXP)

pelargonidin (ISO)

pentachlorophenol (ISO)

perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid (EXP)

perfluorooctanoic acid (EXP,ISO)

phenobarbital (ISO)

PhIP (ISO)

phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate (EXP)

piperonyl butoxide (ISO)

pirinixic acid (ISO)

piroxicam (EXP)

poly(I:C) (EXP)

procyanidin B2 (EXP)

pterostilbene (EXP)

Pyridostigmine bromide (EXP)

quercetin (EXP)

quinoline (EXP,ISO)

resveratrol (EXP,ISO)

rosmarinic acid (EXP)

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (EXP,ISO)

S-adenosyl-L-methioninate (EXP)

S-adenosyl-L-methionine (EXP)

selenium atom (ISO)

silicon dioxide (EXP)

sinefungin (EXP)

sirolimus (EXP)

sodium arsenite (EXP,ISO)

sodium fluoride (ISO)

Soman (ISO)

streptozocin (ISO)

sulforaphane (EXP)

T-2 toxin (ISO)

tamoxifen (ISO)

temozolomide (EXP)

testosterone (EXP,ISO)

tetrachloromethane (ISO)

thapsigargin (ISO)

thioacetamide (ISO)

topotecan (ISO)

Tributyltin oxide (ISO)

trichloroethene (ISO)

triclosan (EXP)

trimellitic anhydride (ISO)

trimethylarsine oxide (ISO)

triptonide (ISO)

troglitazone (EXP,ISO)

tungsten (ISO)

uranium atom (ISO)

valproic acid (ISO)

vancomycin (ISO)

vinclozolin (ISO)

vitamin E (EXP)

withaferin A (EXP)

zearalenone (EXP)

Gene Ontology Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

Biological Process

aging (ISO)

brain development (ISO)

C-5 methylation of cytosine (IEA)

cellular response to amino acid stimulus (IEA,ISO)

cellular response to bisphenol A (IEA,ISO)

cellular response to lead ion (ISO)

cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus (ISO)

cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulus (ISO)

cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus (ISO)

chromatin organization (IEA)

DNA hypermethylation (ISO)

DNA methylation (IEA,ISO,TAS)

DNA methylation involved in embryo development (IEA,ISO)

DNA methylation on cytosine (IEA,ISO)

DNA methylation on cytosine within a CG sequence (ISO)

DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin formation (IEA)

DNA-templated transcription (IEA,ISO)

maintenance of DNA methylation (IDA,IEA,ISO)

methylation (IEA)

negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (IEA,ISO)

negative regulation of gene expression (IEA,IMP,ISO)

negative regulation of histone H3-K9 methylation (IMP)

negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (IEA,ISO,TAS)

negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process (IMP)

negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching (IMP)

neuron differentiation (ISO)

positive regulation of DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin formation (IMP)

positive regulation of gene expression (IMP)

positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation (IMP)

positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation (IMP)

Ras protein signal transduction (IMP)

regulation of cell population proliferation (IEA,ISO)

regulation of gene expression (IEA,ISO)

response to activity (ISO)

response to caffeine (ISO)

response to estradiol (ISO)

response to ethanol (ISO)

response to heat (ISO)

response to ionizing radiation (ISO)

response to lead ion (ISO)

response to lipopolysaccharide (ISO)

response to nutrient levels (ISO)

response to organic substance (ISO)

response to testosterone (ISO)

response to toxic substance (ISO)

response to vitamin A (ISO)

response to xenobiotic stimulus (ISO)

S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process (ISO)

Cellular Component

cytoplasm (ISO)

female germ cell nucleus (IEA)

germ cell nucleus (IEA)

heterochromatin (IEA)

neuronal cell body (ISO)

nucleoplasm (TAS)

nucleus (HDA,IBA,IEA,ISO,TAS)

pericentric heterochromatin (IEA)

protein-containing complex (ISO)

replication fork (IEA)

Molecular Function

chromatin binding (IEA)

DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity (IDA,IEA,ISO,TAS)

DNA binding (IDA,IEA)

DNA-methyltransferase activity (IDA)

histone deacetylase binding (ISO)

metal ion binding (IEA)

methyl-CpG binding (IEA)

methyltransferase activity (IEA)

nuclear estrogen receptor binding (ISO)

promoter-specific chromatin binding (IDA)

protein binding (IPI,ISO)

protein domain specific binding (ISO)

RNA binding (IEA)

transferase activity (IEA)

zinc ion binding (IEA)

Molecular Pathway Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

cysteine and methionine metabolic pathway (IEA)

DNA modification pathway (TAS)

glycine N-methyltransferase deficiency pathway (EXP)

homocysteine metabolic pathway (ISO)

homocystinuria pathway (EXP)

hypermethioninemia pathway (EXP)

methionine cycle/metabolic pathway (EXP,TAS)

methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency pathway (EXP)

Phenotype Annotations Click to see Annotation Detail View

Human Phenotype

Abnormal cerebral white matter morphology (IAGP)

Abnormality of mitochondrial metabolism (IAGP)

Abnormality of the cerebrospinal fluid (IAGP)

Adult onset (IAGP)

Apathy (IAGP)

Ataxia (IAGP)

Atrophy/Degeneration affecting the brainstem (IAGP)

Autosomal dominant inheritance (IAGP)

Babinski sign (IAGP)

Cataplexy (IAGP)

Cataract (IAGP)

Cerebellar atrophy (IAGP)

Cerebral atrophy (IAGP)

Decreased number of peripheral myelinated nerve fibers (IAGP)

Delirium (IAGP)

Dementia (IAGP)

Depression (IAGP)

Dilated third ventricle (IAGP)

Excessive daytime somnolence (IAGP)

Head tremor (IAGP)

Hyperreflexia (IAGP)

Hyporeflexia (IAGP)

Impulsivity (IAGP)

Irritability (IAGP)

Memory impairment (IAGP)

Meningioma (IAGP)

Mental deterioration (IAGP)

Narcolepsy (IAGP)

Neuronal loss in central nervous system (IAGP)

Nystagmus (IAGP)

Optic atrophy (IAGP)

Osteomyelitis (IAGP)

Predominantly lower limb lymphedema (IAGP)

Primitive reflex (IAGP)

Progressive (IAGP)

Pseudobulbar signs (IAGP)

Psychosis (IAGP)

Resting tremor (IAGP)

Sensorineural hearing impairment (IAGP)

Sensory neuropathy (IAGP)

Sleep disturbance (IAGP)

Spastic ataxia (IAGP)

Spastic paraparesis (IAGP)

Spasticity (IAGP)

Urinary incontinence (IAGP)

References

References - curated

#	Reference Title	Reference Citation
1.	Association of polymorphisms in DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, MTHFR and MTRR genes with global DNA methylation levels and prognosis of autoimmune thyroid disease.	Arakawa Y, etal., Clin Exp Immunol. 2012 Nov;170(2):194-201. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04646.x.
2.	Transcript levels of DNA methyltransferases DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.	Balada E, etal., Immunology. 2008 Jul;124(3):339-47. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2007.02771.x. Epub 2008 Jan 11.
3.	Repression of Smad7 mediated by DNMT1 determines hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis in rats.	Bian EB, etal., Toxicol Lett. 2014 Jan 13;224(2):175-85. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.038. Epub 2013 Nov 6.
4.	A review of methionine dependency and the role of methionine restriction in cancer growth control and life-span extension.	Cavuoto P and Fenech MF, Cancer Treat Rev. 2012 Oct;38(6):726-36. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.01.004. Epub 2012 Feb 17.
5.	Cancer epigenetics: from mechanism to therapy.	Dawson MA and Kouzarides T, Cell. 2012 Jul 6;150(1):12-27. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.06.013.
6.	Playing TETris with DNA modifications.	Delatte B, etal., EMBO J. 2014 Jun 2;33(11):1198-211. doi: 10.15252/embj.201488290. Epub 2014 May 13.
7.	Effects of cerebral ischemia in mice lacking DNA methyltransferase 1 in post-mitotic neurons.	Endres M, etal., Neuroreport. 2001 Dec 4;12(17):3763-6.
8.	Alteration in methylation pattern of GATA-4 promoter region in vitamin A-deficient offspring's heart.	Feng Y, etal., J Nutr Biochem. 2013 Jul;24(7):1373-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.11.005. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
9.	[Expression and significance of DNA methyltransferase in sera of patients with lung cancer].	Feng YJ, etal., Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2013 Dec 24;93(48):3822-5.
10.	DNMT3B (C46359T) polymorphisms and immunoexpression of DNMT3b and DNMT1 proteins in oral lichen planus.	Fonseca-Silva T, etal., Pathobiology. 2012;79(1):18-23. doi: 10.1159/000330171. Epub 2012 Jan 12.
11.	Promoter methylation of glutathione S-transferase pi1 and multidrug resistance gene 1 in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and its correlation with DNA methyltransferase 1 expression.	Gao P, etal., Cancer. 2009 Jul 15;115(14):3222-32.
12.	GOAs Human GO annotations	GOA_HUMAN data from the GO Consortium
13.	Combination of selenium and green tea improves the efficacy of chemoprevention in a rat colorectal cancer model by modulating genetic and epigenetic biomarkers.	Hu Y, etal., PLoS One. 2013 May 23;8(5):e64362. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064362. Print 2013.
14.	Heart failure and angiotensin II modulate atrial Pitx2c promotor methylation.	Kao YH, etal., Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2013 Jun;40(6):379-84. doi: 10.1111/1440-1681.12089.
15.	Uteroplacental insufficiency affects epigenetic determinants of chromatin structure in brains of neonatal and juvenile IUGR rats.	Ke X, etal., Physiol Genomics. 2006 Mar 13;25(1):16-28. Epub 2005 Dec 27.
16.	Effect of DNA Demethylation in Experimental Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis.	Kim KH, etal., Ther Apher Dial. 2014 Sep 26. doi: 10.1111/1744-9987.12186.
17.	Opposing roles of Dnmt1 in early- and late-stage murine prostate cancer.	Kinney SR, etal., Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Sep;30(17):4159-74. doi: 10.1128/MCB.00235-10. Epub 2010 Jun 28.
18.	Mutations in DNMT1 cause hereditary sensory neuropathy with dementia and hearing loss.	Klein CJ, etal., Nat Genet. 2011 Jun;43(6):595-600. doi: 10.1038/ng.830. Epub 2011 May 1.
19.	Gestational choline deficiency causes global and Igf2 gene DNA hypermethylation by up-regulation of Dnmt1 expression.	Kovacheva VP, etal., J Biol Chem. 2007 Oct 26;282(43):31777-88. Epub 2007 Aug 27.
20.	Reduced susceptibility of DNA methyltransferase 1 hypomorphic (Dnmt1N/+) mice to hepatic steatosis upon feeding liquid alcohol diet.	Kutay H, etal., PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e41949. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041949. Epub 2012 Aug 8.
21.	Global DNA methylation, DNMT1, and MBD2 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.	Liu CC, etal., Immunol Lett. 2011 Mar 30;135(1-2):96-9. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2010.10.003. Epub 2010 Oct 16.
22.	Aberrant methylation accounts for cell adhesion-related gene silencing during 3-methylcholanthrene and diethylnitrosamine induced multistep rat lung carcinogenesis associated with overexpression of DNA methyltransferases 1 and 3a.	Liu WB, etal., Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Feb 15;251(1):70-8. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2010.12.002. Epub 2010 Dec 14.
23.	Aberrant immunoreactivity of deoxyribonucleic acid methyltransferases in adenomyosis.	Liu X and Guo SW, Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2012;74(2):100-8. Epub 2012 May 4.
24.	Traumatic brain injury induces relocalization of DNA-methyltransferase 1.	Lundberg J, etal., Neurosci Lett. 2009 Jun 19;457(1):8-11. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.105. Epub 2009 Apr 5.
25.	Role of de novo DNA methyltransferases and methyl CpG-binding proteins in gene silencing in a rat hepatoma.	Majumder S, etal., J Biol Chem. 2002 May 3;277(18):16048-58. Epub 2002 Feb 13.
26.	Epigenetic modifications of GABAergic interneurons are associated with the schizophrenia-like phenotype induced by prenatal stress in mice.	Matrisciano F, etal., Neuropharmacology. 2013 May;68:184-94. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.04.013. Epub 2012 Apr 28.
27.	Antidepressant treatment is associated with epigenetic alterations in the promoter of P11 in a genetic model of depression.	Melas PA, etal., Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2012 Jun;15(5):669-79. doi: 10.1017/S1461145711000940. Epub 2011 Jun 20.
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29.	DNA methylation pathway alterations in an autochthonous murine model of prostate cancer.	Morey SR, etal., Cancer Res. 2006 Dec 15;66(24):11659-67.
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31.	Increased DNA methyltransferase 1 protein expression in human transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.	Nakagawa T, etal., J Urol. 2003 Dec;170(6 Pt 1):2463-6.
32.	OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline	OMIM Disease Annotation Pipeline
33.	Uteroplacental insufficiency increases apoptosis and alters p53 gene methylation in the full-term IUGR rat kidney.	Pham TD, etal., Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2003 Nov;285(5):R962-70. Epub 2003 Jul 17.
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35.	KEGG Annotation Import Pipeline	Pipeline to import KEGG annotations from KEGG into RGD
36.	SMPDB Annotation Import Pipeline	Pipeline to import SMPDB annotations from SMPDB into RGD
37.	ClinVar Automated Import and Annotation Pipeline	RGD automated import pipeline for ClinVar variants, variant-to-disease annotations and gene-to-disease annotations
38.	Data Import for Chemical-Gene Interactions	RGD automated import pipeline for gene-chemical interactions
39.	RGD HPO Phenotype Annotation Pipeline	RGD automated import pipeline for human HPO-to-gene-to-disease annotations
40.	Selective epigenetic alteration of layer I GABAergic neurons isolated from prefrontal cortex of schizophrenia patients using laser-assisted microdissection.	Ruzicka WB, etal., Mol Psychiatry. 2007 Apr;12(4):385-97. Epub 2007 Jan 30.
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44.	The E2F1/DNMT1 axis is associated with the development of AR negative castration resistant prostate cancer.	Valdez CD, etal., Prostate. 2013 Dec;73(16):1776-85. doi: 10.1002/pros.22715. Epub 2013 Sep 4.
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47.	Foxp3+ T-regulatory cells require DNA methyltransferase 1 expression to prevent development of lethal autoimmunity.	Wang L, etal., Blood. 2013 May 2;121(18):3631-9. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-08-451765. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
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Additional References at PubMed

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