altered cardiovascular system homeostasis pathway +
altered signaling pathway pertinent to immunity +
auditory mechanotransduction pathway +
chemokine mediated signaling pathway +
cytokine mediated signaling pathway +
epinephrine signaling pathway +
fibrinolysis pathway +
hematopoiesis pathway +
hemostasis pathway +
histamine signaling pathway, immunological
Jak-Stat signaling pathway +
kallikrein-kinin cascade pathway +
The kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) cascade generates several bioactive kinins with roles in vasodilation, release of inflammatory mediators and stimulation of sensory neurons. Kinins also play a role in the renal handling of sodium and water metabolism. In the latter case, the system parallels renin-angiotensin (RAS); the two systems can cross-talk.