less than the normal blood concentration of the peptide hormone produced mainly by P/D1 cells lining the fundus of the stomach and epsilon cells of the pancreas that normally stimulates hunger and serves as a potent stimulator of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland
decreased circulating glucagon level
decreased circulating glucocorticoid level +
decreased circulating gonadotropin level +
decreased circulating insulin level
decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor I level