Muscle in sharks that is homologous to levator operculi and depressor mandibulae / stapedius; [homology-note] "The depressor mandibulae of tetrapods, which opens the jaws, is the homologue of the levator operculi and epihyoidean. In mammals, the depressor mandibulae evolves into the stapedius (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000813", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.398", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"}