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CROSS-SPECIES ANATOMY - ANNOTATIONS

The Basic subset of the UBERON integrated, cross-species anatomy ontology is downloaded weekly from http://berkeleybop.org/ontologies/uberon/basic.obo. For more information about this ontology see the "About" page on the UBERON website at http://uberon.github.io/about.html.
Term:external ear
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Accession:UBERON:0001691 term browser browse the term
Definition:Part of the ear external to the tympanum (eardrum). It typically consists of a tube (the external auditory meatus) that directs sound waves on to the tympanum, and may also include the external pinna, which extends beyond the skull[GO].
Comment:[homology-note] "Some species, like Amolops tormotus (Feng et al. 2006), have a cavity in front of the tympanic membrane which is considered to be an ear canal and thus an outer ear. (...) The ancestral lineage of amphibians separated from the mammalian lineage, approximately 350 million years ago, in the paleozoic era. Many of the important developments in the auditory systems emerged after the ancestral paths separated (Manley and Clack 2003). This implies that shared features, like the tympanic middle ear, developed independently in different vertebrate lineages.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000311", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1007/s00359-008-0327-1 Schoffelen RLM, Segenhout JM, Van Dijk P, Mechanics of the exceptional anuran ear. Journal of Comparative Physiology A (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"}
Synonyms:exact_synonym: auricular region of head;   outer ear
 broad_synonym: auricular region
 related_synonym: auris externa
 xref: AAO:0011037;   BTO:0002100;   EFO:0004221;   EHDAA2:0000462;   EHDAA:3786;   EMAPA:16991;   EV:0100354;   FMA:52781;   GAID:104;   MA:0000258;   MAT:0000147;   MESH:D004431;   MIAA:0000147;   NCI:C12292;   SCTID:420893000;   UMLS:C0013453;   UMLS:C1269548;   VHOG:0000311;   Wikipedia:External_ear;   XAO:0000190;   birnlex:1705
 external_ontology: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9709


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Term paths to the root
Path 1
Term Annotations click to browse term
  UBERON ontology 0
    anatomical entity 0
      material anatomical entity 0
        anatomical structure 0
          lateral structure 0
            external ear 0
              Zymbal's gland 0
              auditory hillocks + 0
              cartilage of external ear + 0
              cerumen gland 0
              collection of hair on external ear 0
              external acoustic meatus + 0
              external ear margin 0
              left external ear 0
              levator auris longus muscle 0
              outer ear epithelium + 0
              pinna + 0
              right external ear 0
              strand of hair on external ear + 0
              tip of external ear 0
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  UBERON ontology 0
    anatomical entity 0
      material anatomical entity 0
        anatomical structure 0
          multicellular anatomical structure 0
            multicellular organism 0
              organism subdivision 0
                main body axis 0
                  body proper 0
                    craniocervical region 0
                      head 0
                        subdivision of head 0
                          external ear 0
                            Zymbal's gland 0
                            auditory hillocks + 0
                            cartilage of external ear + 0
                            cerumen gland 0
                            collection of hair on external ear 0
                            external acoustic meatus + 0
                            external ear margin 0
                            left external ear 0
                            levator auris longus muscle 0
                            outer ear epithelium + 0
                            pinna + 0
                            right external ear 0
                            strand of hair on external ear + 0
                            tip of external ear 0
paths to the root