Send us a Message
Submit Data |  Help |  Video Tutorials |  News |  Publications |  Download |  REST API |  Citing RGD |  Contact   
Search RGD Grant Resources Citing RGD About Us Contact Us
Genes Variants Community Projects QTLs Strains Markers Genome Information Ontologies Cell Lines References Download Submit Data
OntoMate (Literature Search) JBrowse (Genome Browser) Synteny Browser (VCMap) Variant Visualizer Multi-Ontology Enrichment (MOET) Gene-Ortholog Location Finder (GOLF) InterViewer (Protein-Protein Interactions) PhenoMiner (Quatitative Phenotypes) Gene Annotator OLGA (Gene List Generator) AllianceMine GViewer (Genome Viewer)
Aging & Age-Related Disease Cancer & Neoplastic Disease Cardiovascular Disease Coronavirus Disease Developmental Disease Diabetes Hematologic Disease Immune & Inflammatory Disease Infectious Disease Liver Disease Neurological Disease Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome Renal Disease Respiratory Disease Sensory Organ Disease
Find Models Genetic Models Autism Models Rat PhenoMiner (Quantitative Phenotypes) Chinchilla PhenoMiner Expected Ranges (Quantitative Phenotype) PhenoMiner Term Comparison Hybrid Rat Diversity Panel Phenotypes Phenotypes in Other Animal Models Animal Husbandry Strain Medical Records Phylogenetics Strain Availability Calendar Rats 101 Submissions Photo Archive
Pathways
Rat Community Forum Directory of Rat Laboratories Video Tutorials News RGD Publications RGD Presentations Archive Nomenclature Guidelines Resource Links Laboratory Resources Employment Resources
Advanced Search (OLGA)

HUMAN PHENOTYPE - ANNOTATIONS

The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) is downloaded weekly from http://compbio.charite.de/hudson/job/hpo/lastStableBuild/artifact/ontology/release/hp.obo. The file downloaded is considered the "last stable build" available for the ontology. For more about the HPO, view their website at http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org/.
Term:Aplasia/Hypoplasia of toe
go back to main search page
Accession:HP:0001991 term browser browse the term
Definition:Absence or hypoplasia of toes.
Synonyms:exact_synonym: Absent/small toe;   Absent/underdeveloped toe;   Aplastic/hypoplastic toe phalanges
 related_synonym: ABSENT/HYPOPLASTIC TOES
 xref: UMLS:C3551148


show annotations for term's descendants           Sort by:
2nd-5th toe middle phalangeal hypoplasia term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G HOXD13 homeobox D13 IAGP HPO MIM:186000 NCBI chr 2:176,087,487...176,095,944
Ensembl chr 2:176,092,721...176,095,944 		JBrowse link
Absent distal phalanx of the 2nd toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G KCNN3 potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 3 IAGP HPO MIM:618658 NCBI chr 1:154,697,455...154,870,281
Ensembl chr 1:154,697,455...154,870,281 		JBrowse link
Absent hallux term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G FIG4 FIG4 phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase IAGP HPO MIM:216340 NCBI chr 6:109,691,296...109,825,426
Ensembl chr 6:109,690,609...109,878,098 		JBrowse link
G GLI3 GLI family zinc finger 3 IAGP HPO ORPHA:93322 NCBI chr 7:41,960,949...42,264,268
Ensembl chr 7:41,960,949...42,264,100 		JBrowse link
Absent middle phalanx of the 3rd toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G EOGT EGF domain specific O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase IAGP HPO MIM:615297 NCBI chr 3:68,975,225...69,013,684
Ensembl chr 3:68,975,217...69,013,684 		JBrowse link
Absent toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G ARHGAP31 Rho GTPase activating protein 31 IAGP HPO ORPHA:974 NCBI chr 3:119,294,383...119,420,714
Ensembl chr 3:119,294,383...119,420,714 		JBrowse link
G DACT1 dishevelled binding antagonist of beta catenin 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:857 NCBI chr14:58,634,061...58,648,321
Ensembl chr14:58,633,967...58,648,321 		JBrowse link
G DLL4 delta like canonical Notch ligand 4 IAGP HPO ORPHA:974 NCBI chr15:40,929,340...40,939,073
Ensembl chr15:40,929,340...40,939,073 		JBrowse link
G DOCK6 dedicator of cytokinesis 6 IAGP HPO ORPHA:974 NCBI chr19:11,199,295...11,262,524
Ensembl chr19:11,199,295...11,262,524 		JBrowse link
G EOGT EGF domain specific O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase IAGP HPO ORPHA:974 NCBI chr 3:68,975,225...69,013,684
Ensembl chr 3:68,975,217...69,013,684 		JBrowse link
G ERI1 exoribonuclease 1 IAGP HPO MIM:620663 NCBI chr 8:9,002,897...9,100,104
Ensembl chr 8:9,002,147...9,116,746 		JBrowse link
G GDF5 growth differentiation factor 5 IAGP HPO MIM:228900 NCBI chr20:35,433,347...35,454,749
Ensembl chr20:35,433,347...35,454,746 		JBrowse link
G LMBR1 limb development membrane protein 1 IAGP HPO MIM:200500 NCBI chr 7:156,669,012...156,893,183
Ensembl chr 7:156,668,946...156,893,216 		JBrowse link
G NOTCH1 notch receptor 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:974 NCBI chr 9:136,494,433...136,546,048
Ensembl chr 9:136,494,433...136,546,048 		JBrowse link
G NSDHL NAD(P) dependent steroid dehydrogenase-like IAGP HPO MIM:308050 NCBI chr  X:152,831,063...152,869,729
Ensembl chr  X:152,830,967...152,869,729 		JBrowse link
G RBPJ recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region IAGP HPO MIM:614814 ORPHA:974 NCBI chr 4:26,105,449...26,435,131
Ensembl chr 4:26,163,455...26,435,131 		JBrowse link
G SALL1 spalt like transcription factor 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:857 NCBI chr16:51,135,982...51,152,334
Ensembl chr16:51,135,982...51,152,334 		JBrowse link
Adactyly term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G NEK1 NIMA related kinase 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:2751 NCBI chr 4:169,392,809...169,612,583
Ensembl chr 4:169,369,704...169,612,632 		JBrowse link
Aplasia of the distal phalanges of the toes term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G EOGT EGF domain specific O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase IAGP HPO MIM:615297 NCBI chr 3:68,975,225...69,013,684
Ensembl chr 3:68,975,217...69,013,684 		JBrowse link
Aplasia of the distal phalanx of the 4th toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G TBX5 T-box transcription factor 5 IAGP HPO MIM:142900 NCBI chr12:114,353,911...114,408,442
Ensembl chr12:114,353,911...114,408,442 		JBrowse link
Aplasia of the distal phalanx of the 5th toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G KCNN3 potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 3 IAGP HPO MIM:618658 NCBI chr 1:154,697,455...154,870,281
Ensembl chr 1:154,697,455...154,870,281 		JBrowse link
Aplasia of the distal phalanx of the hallux term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G FIG4 FIG4 phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase IAGP HPO ORPHA:3472 NCBI chr 6:109,691,296...109,825,426
Ensembl chr 6:109,690,609...109,878,098 		JBrowse link
G VAC14 VAC14 component of PIKFYVE complex IAGP HPO ORPHA:3472 NCBI chr16:70,687,439...70,801,158
Ensembl chr16:70,687,439...70,801,160 		JBrowse link
Aplasia of the middle phalanx of the 4th toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G EOGT EGF domain specific O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase IAGP HPO MIM:615297 NCBI chr 3:68,975,225...69,013,684
Ensembl chr 3:68,975,217...69,013,684 		JBrowse link
Aplasia of the phalanges of the 3rd toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G LMNA lamin A/C IAGP HPO ORPHA:2229 NCBI chr 1:156,082,573...156,140,081
Ensembl chr 1:156,082,572...156,140,081 		JBrowse link
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the 3rd toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G DACT1 dishevelled binding antagonist of beta catenin 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:857 NCBI chr14:58,634,061...58,648,321
Ensembl chr14:58,633,967...58,648,321 		JBrowse link
G SALL1 spalt like transcription factor 1 IAGP HPO MIM:107480 ORPHA:857 NCBI chr16:51,135,982...51,152,334
Ensembl chr16:51,135,982...51,152,334 		JBrowse link
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the distal phalanges of the toes term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G ARID1B AT-rich interaction domain 1B IAGP HPO MIM:135900 NCBI chr 6:156,776,026...157,210,779
Ensembl chr 6:156,776,020...157,210,779 		JBrowse link
G GPC4 glypican 4 IAGP HPO ORPHA:2662 NCBI chr  X:133,300,103...133,415,489
Ensembl chr  X:133,300,103...133,415,489 		JBrowse link
G NOG noggin IAGP HPO MIM:611377 NCBI chr17:56,593,699...56,595,611
Ensembl chr17:56,593,699...56,595,611 		JBrowse link
G RIPK4 receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 4 IAGP HPO ORPHA:1234 NCBI chr21:41,739,373...41,767,052
Ensembl chr21:41,739,369...41,767,089 		JBrowse link
G ROR2 receptor tyrosine kinase like orphan receptor 2 IAGP HPO MIM:113000 NCBI chr 9:91,722,601...91,950,228
Ensembl chr 9:91,563,091...91,950,228 		JBrowse link
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the distal phalanx of the 2nd toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G MAP3K20 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 20 IAGP HPO ORPHA:488232 NCBI chr 2:173,075,517...173,268,015
Ensembl chr 2:173,075,435...173,268,015 		JBrowse link
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the distal phalanx of the hallux term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G HOXD13 homeobox D13 IAGP HPO ORPHA:93387 NCBI chr 2:176,087,487...176,095,944
Ensembl chr 2:176,092,721...176,095,944 		JBrowse link
G MAP3K20 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 20 IAGP HPO ORPHA:488232 NCBI chr 2:173,075,517...173,268,015
Ensembl chr 2:173,075,435...173,268,015 		JBrowse link
G PTHLH parathyroid hormone like hormone IAGP HPO ORPHA:93387 NCBI chr12:27,958,084...27,972,733
Ensembl chr12:27,958,084...27,972,733 		JBrowse link
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the hallux term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G BHLHA9 basic helix-loop-helix family member a9 IAGP HPO MIM:609432 ORPHA:157801 NCBI chr17:1,270,444...1,271,815
Ensembl chr17:1,270,444...1,271,815 		JBrowse link
G FIG4 FIG4 phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase IAGP HPO MIM:216340 NCBI chr 6:109,691,296...109,825,426
Ensembl chr 6:109,690,609...109,878,098 		JBrowse link
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the phalanges of the hallux term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G ACVR1 activin A receptor type 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:337 NCBI chr 2:157,736,446...157,876,330
Ensembl chr 2:157,736,251...157,876,330 		JBrowse link
Foot oligodactyly term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G APC APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway IAGP HPO ORPHA:3258 NCBI chr 5:112,707,498...112,846,239
Ensembl chr 5:112,707,518...112,846,239 		JBrowse link
G DLL4 delta like canonical Notch ligand 4 IAGP HPO MIM:616589 NCBI chr15:40,929,340...40,939,073
Ensembl chr15:40,929,340...40,939,073 		JBrowse link
G DLX5 distal-less homeobox 5 IAGP HPO MIM:183600 NCBI chr 7:97,020,396...97,024,831
Ensembl chr 7:97,020,396...97,024,950 		JBrowse link
G ERI1 exoribonuclease 1 IAGP HPO MIM:620662 NCBI chr 8:9,002,897...9,100,104
Ensembl chr 8:9,002,147...9,116,746 		JBrowse link
G GLI3 GLI family zinc finger 3 IAGP HPO ORPHA:93322 NCBI chr 7:41,960,949...42,264,268
Ensembl chr 7:41,960,949...42,264,100 		JBrowse link
G LRP4 LDL receptor related protein 4 IAGP HPO ORPHA:3258 NCBI chr11:46,856,717...46,918,550
Ensembl chr11:46,856,717...46,918,642 		JBrowse link
G PORCN porcupine O-acyltransferase IAGP HPO MIM:305600 NCBI chr  X:48,508,992...48,520,814
Ensembl chr  X:48,508,959...48,520,814 		JBrowse link
G SF3B4 splicing factor 3b subunit 4 IAGP HPO MIM:154400 NCBI chr 1:149,923,317...149,927,803
Ensembl chr 1:149,923,317...149,927,803 		JBrowse link
G SMOC1 SPARC related modular calcium binding 1 IAGP HPO MIM:206920 ORPHA:1106 NCBI chr14:69,879,416...70,032,366
Ensembl chr14:69,854,131...70,032,366 		JBrowse link
G WNT10B Wnt family member 10B IAGP HPO MIM:225300 NCBI chr12:48,965,340...48,971,735
Ensembl chr12:48,965,340...48,971,735 		JBrowse link
G WNT7A Wnt family member 7A IAGP HPO MIM:228930 MIM:276820 ORPHA:2879 NCBI chr 3:13,816,258...13,880,071
Ensembl chr 3:13,816,258...13,880,071 		JBrowse link
Partial absence of toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G NOTCH2 notch receptor 2 IAGP HPO ORPHA:955 NCBI chr 1:119,911,553...120,069,662
Ensembl chr 1:119,911,553...120,100,779 		JBrowse link
Short 2nd toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G C12orf57 chromosome 12 open reading frame 57 IAGP HPO MIM:218340 NCBI chr12:6,943,433...6,946,003
Ensembl chr12:6,942,978...6,946,003 		JBrowse link
G COX4I1 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I1 IAGP HPO MIM:619060 NCBI chr16:85,799,695...85,807,068
Ensembl chr16:85,798,633...85,807,068 		JBrowse link
G HOXA13 homeobox A13 IAGP HPO MIM:140000 MIM:176305 NCBI chr 7:27,194,364...27,200,091
Ensembl chr 7:27,193,503...27,200,091 		JBrowse link
G OFD1 OFD1 centriole and centriolar satellite protein IAGP HPO MIM:311200 NCBI chr  X:13,714,505...13,773,738
Ensembl chr  X:13,734,743...13,777,955 		JBrowse link
Short 3rd toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G COX4I1 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I1 IAGP HPO MIM:619060 NCBI chr16:85,799,695...85,807,068
Ensembl chr16:85,798,633...85,807,068 		JBrowse link
G SVBP small vasohibin binding protein IAGP HPO MIM:618569 NCBI chr 1:42,807,052...42,817,397
Ensembl chr 1:42,807,052...42,817,397 		JBrowse link
G WASF1 WASP family member 1 IAGP HPO MIM:618707 NCBI chr 6:110,099,819...110,179,670
Ensembl chr 6:110,099,819...110,180,004 		JBrowse link
Short 4th toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G ADNP activity dependent neuroprotector homeobox IAGP HPO MIM:615873 NCBI chr20:50,888,918...50,931,437
Ensembl chr20:50,888,916...50,931,437 		JBrowse link
G COX4I1 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I1 IAGP HPO MIM:619060 NCBI chr16:85,799,695...85,807,068
Ensembl chr16:85,798,633...85,807,068 		JBrowse link
G ERI1 exoribonuclease 1 IAGP HPO MIM:620662 NCBI chr 8:9,002,897...9,100,104
Ensembl chr 8:9,002,147...9,116,746 		JBrowse link
G SVBP small vasohibin binding protein IAGP HPO MIM:618569 NCBI chr 1:42,807,052...42,817,397
Ensembl chr 1:42,807,052...42,817,397 		JBrowse link
G TBX3 T-box transcription factor 3 IAGP HPO MIM:181450 NCBI chr12:114,670,255...114,684,175
Ensembl chr12:114,670,255...114,684,175 		JBrowse link
G WASF1 WASP family member 1 IAGP HPO MIM:618707 NCBI chr 6:110,099,819...110,179,670
Ensembl chr 6:110,099,819...110,180,004 		JBrowse link
Short 5th toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G COX4I1 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I1 IAGP HPO MIM:619060 NCBI chr16:85,799,695...85,807,068
Ensembl chr16:85,798,633...85,807,068 		JBrowse link
G DYRK1A dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A IAGP HPO ORPHA:268261 NCBI chr21:37,365,573...37,526,358
Ensembl chr21:37,365,573...37,526,358 		JBrowse link
G EP300 E1A binding protein p300 IAGP HPO MIM:613684 NCBI chr22:41,092,592...41,180,077
Ensembl chr22:41,092,510...41,180,077 		JBrowse link
G RBPJ recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region IAGP HPO MIM:614814 NCBI chr 4:26,105,449...26,435,131
Ensembl chr 4:26,163,455...26,435,131 		JBrowse link
G TBX3 T-box transcription factor 3 IAGP HPO MIM:181450 NCBI chr12:114,670,255...114,684,175
Ensembl chr12:114,670,255...114,684,175 		JBrowse link
Short distal phalanx of the 5th toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G ARID1B AT-rich interaction domain 1B IAGP HPO MIM:135900 NCBI chr 6:156,776,026...157,210,779
Ensembl chr 6:156,776,020...157,210,779 		JBrowse link
Short distal phalanx of toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G ARSL arylsulfatase L IAGP HPO ORPHA:79345 NCBI chr  X:2,934,521...2,968,245
Ensembl chr  X:2,934,045...2,968,475 		JBrowse link
G KCNH1 potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 1 IAGP HPO MIM:135500 NCBI chr 1:210,678,314...211,134,148
Ensembl chr 1:210,676,823...211,134,165 		JBrowse link
G NOG noggin IAGP HPO ORPHA:140908 NCBI chr17:56,593,699...56,595,611
Ensembl chr17:56,593,699...56,595,611 		JBrowse link
G PIGF phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class F IAGP HPO MIM:619356 NCBI chr 2:46,580,937...46,617,041
Ensembl chr 2:46,580,937...46,617,055 		JBrowse link
G TRPV4 transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 IAGP HPO MIM:606835 NCBI chr12:109,783,087...109,833,398
Ensembl chr12:109,783,087...109,833,406 		JBrowse link
Short hallux term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G ABCC9 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 9 IAGP HPO MIM:239850 ORPHA:1517 NCBI chr12:21,797,389...21,941,426
Ensembl chr12:21,797,389...21,942,543 		JBrowse link
G ACVR1 activin A receptor type 1 IAGP HPO MIM:135100 ORPHA:337 NCBI chr 2:157,736,446...157,876,330
Ensembl chr 2:157,736,251...157,876,330 		JBrowse link
G BHLHA9 basic helix-loop-helix family member a9 IAGP HPO ORPHA:157801 NCBI chr17:1,270,444...1,271,815
Ensembl chr17:1,270,444...1,271,815 		JBrowse link
G BMP2 bone morphogenetic protein 2 IAGP HPO MIM:112600 NCBI chr20:6,767,686...6,780,246
Ensembl chr20:6,767,686...6,780,246 		JBrowse link
G BMPR1B bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1B IAGP HPO MIM:112600 ORPHA:93388 NCBI chr 4:94,757,955...95,158,450
Ensembl chr 4:94,757,955...95,158,448 		JBrowse link
G CHST11 carbohydrate sulfotransferase 11 IAGP HPO MIM:618167 NCBI chr12:104,456,948...104,762,014
Ensembl chr12:104,455,295...104,762,014 		JBrowse link
G CHSY1 chondroitin sulfate synthase 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:363417 NCBI chr15:101,175,727...101,252,048
Ensembl chr15:101,175,727...101,252,048 		JBrowse link
G CPLX1 complexin 1 IAGP HPO MIM:194190 ORPHA:280 NCBI chr 4:784,957...826,129
Ensembl chr 4:784,957...826,129 		JBrowse link
G CTBP1 C-terminal binding protein 1 IAGP HPO MIM:194190 ORPHA:280 NCBI chr 4:1,211,445...1,250,355
Ensembl chr 4:1,211,445...1,250,333 		JBrowse link
G EIF4A3 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A3 IAGP HPO MIM:268305 NCBI chr17:80,134,369...80,147,128
Ensembl chr17:80,134,369...80,147,151 		JBrowse link
G FGFR1 fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:93258 NCBI chr 8:38,411,143...38,468,635
Ensembl chr 8:38,400,215...38,468,834 		JBrowse link
G FGFR2 fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 IAGP HPO ORPHA:93258 ORPHA:93259 ORPHA:93260 NCBI chr10:121,478,330...121,598,458
Ensembl chr10:121,478,332...121,598,458 		JBrowse link
G FGFRL1 fibroblast growth factor receptor like 1 IAGP HPO MIM:194190 NCBI chr 4:1,010,212...1,026,898
Ensembl chr 4:1,009,936...1,026,898 		JBrowse link
G FLNA filamin A IAGP HPO MIM:304120 MIM:311300 ORPHA:90650 ORPHA:90652 NCBI chr  X:154,348,531...154,374,634
Ensembl chr  X:154,348,524...154,374,634 		JBrowse link
G GDF5 growth differentiation factor 5 IAGP HPO MIM:112600 ORPHA:93388 NCBI chr20:35,433,347...35,454,749
Ensembl chr20:35,433,347...35,454,746 		JBrowse link
G GJA1 gap junction protein alpha 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:2710 NCBI chr 6:121,435,646...121,449,727
Ensembl chr 6:121,435,595...121,449,727 		JBrowse link
G GPC4 glypican 4 IAGP HPO ORPHA:2662 NCBI chr  X:133,300,103...133,415,489
Ensembl chr  X:133,300,103...133,415,489 		JBrowse link
G HOXA13 homeobox A13 IAGP HPO MIM:140000 ORPHA:2438 NCBI chr 7:27,194,364...27,200,091
Ensembl chr 7:27,193,503...27,200,091 		JBrowse link
G IHH Indian hedgehog signaling molecule IAGP HPO ORPHA:93388 NCBI chr 2:219,054,424...219,060,921
Ensembl chr 2:219,054,424...219,060,921 		JBrowse link
G KAT6A lysine acetyltransferase 6A IAGP HPO MIM:616268 NCBI chr 8:41,929,479...42,051,987
Ensembl chr 8:41,929,479...42,051,994 		JBrowse link
G KCNJ8 potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 8 IAGP HPO ORPHA:1517 NCBI chr12:21,764,955...21,774,706
Ensembl chr12:21,764,955...21,775,600 		JBrowse link
G LETM1 leucine zipper and EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 IAGP HPO MIM:194190 ORPHA:280 NCBI chr 4:1,811,479...1,856,156
Ensembl chr 4:1,811,479...1,856,156 		JBrowse link
G MGP matrix Gla protein IAGP HPO MIM:245150 NCBI chr12:14,880,864...14,885,854
Ensembl chr12:14,880,864...14,885,857 		JBrowse link
G NELFA negative elongation factor complex member A IAGP HPO ORPHA:280 NCBI chr 4:1,982,723...2,008,974
Ensembl chr 4:1,982,717...2,041,903 		JBrowse link
G NOG noggin IAGP HPO MIM:186500 NCBI chr17:56,593,699...56,595,611
Ensembl chr17:56,593,699...56,595,611 		JBrowse link
G NSD2 nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 2 IAGP HPO MIM:194190 ORPHA:280 NCBI chr 4:1,871,393...1,982,192
Ensembl chr 4:1,871,393...1,982,207 		JBrowse link
G PIGG phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class G (EMM blood group) IAGP HPO ORPHA:280 NCBI chr 4:499,210...540,200
Ensembl chr 4:499,210...540,200 		JBrowse link
G PUF60 poly(U) binding splicing factor 60 IAGP HPO ORPHA:508488 NCBI chr 8:143,816,344...143,829,315
Ensembl chr 8:143,816,344...143,830,709 		JBrowse link
G ROBO1 roundabout guidance receptor 1 IAGP HPO MIM:620305 NCBI chr 3:78,597,239...79,767,998
Ensembl chr 3:78,597,239...79,767,998 		JBrowse link
G SALL4 spalt like transcription factor 4 IAGP HPO ORPHA:959 NCBI chr20:51,782,331...51,802,521
Ensembl chr20:51,782,331...51,802,521 		JBrowse link
G SF3B4 splicing factor 3b subunit 4 IAGP HPO MIM:154400 NCBI chr 1:149,923,317...149,927,803
Ensembl chr 1:149,923,317...149,927,803 		JBrowse link
G TPR translocated promoter region, nuclear basket protein IAGP HPO MIM:620393 NCBI chr 1:186,311,652...186,375,253
Ensembl chr 1:186,311,652...186,375,693 		JBrowse link
Short middle phalanx of the 5th toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G NOG noggin IAGP HPO MIM:186500 NCBI chr17:56,593,699...56,595,611
Ensembl chr17:56,593,699...56,595,611 		JBrowse link
Short middle phalanx of toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G FGFR1 fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 IAGP HPO MIM:101600 NCBI chr 8:38,411,143...38,468,635
Ensembl chr 8:38,400,215...38,468,834 		JBrowse link
G FGFR2 fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 IAGP HPO MIM:101600 NCBI chr10:121,478,330...121,598,458
Ensembl chr10:121,478,332...121,598,458 		JBrowse link
G FGFR3 fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 IAGP HPO MIM:602849 NCBI chr 4:1,793,293...1,808,867
Ensembl chr 4:1,793,293...1,808,872 		JBrowse link
G TRPV4 transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 IAGP HPO MIM:606835 NCBI chr12:109,783,087...109,833,398
Ensembl chr12:109,783,087...109,833,406 		JBrowse link
Short phalanx of the 5th toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G SMARCA4 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 4 IAGP HPO MIM:614609 NCBI chr19:10,961,030...11,062,273
Ensembl chr19:10,960,932...11,079,426 		JBrowse link
Short proximal phalanx of hallux term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G ERF ETS2 repressor factor IAGP HPO MIM:617180 NCBI chr19:42,247,569...42,255,128
Ensembl chr19:42,247,569...42,255,128 		JBrowse link
G FIG4 FIG4 phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase IAGP HPO ORPHA:3472 NCBI chr 6:109,691,296...109,825,426
Ensembl chr 6:109,690,609...109,878,098 		JBrowse link
G VAC14 VAC14 component of PIKFYVE complex IAGP HPO ORPHA:3472 NCBI chr16:70,687,439...70,801,158
Ensembl chr16:70,687,439...70,801,160 		JBrowse link
Short toe term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G ADA adenosine deaminase IAGP HPO ORPHA:39041 NCBI chr20:44,619,522...44,651,699
Ensembl chr20:44,584,896...44,652,252 		JBrowse link
G ADAMTS2 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 2 IAGP HPO MIM:225410 NCBI chr 5:179,110,853...179,345,461
Ensembl chr 5:179,110,853...179,345,461 		JBrowse link
G ALMS1 ALMS1 centrosome and basal body associated protein IAGP HPO ORPHA:64 NCBI chr 2:73,385,758...73,609,919
Ensembl chr 2:73,385,758...73,625,166 		JBrowse link
G ALOX12B arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R type IAGP HPO MIM:242100 NCBI chr17:8,072,636...8,087,716
Ensembl chr17:8,072,636...8,087,716 		JBrowse link
G ALOXE3 arachidonate epidermal lipoxygenase 3 IAGP HPO MIM:242100 NCBI chr17:8,095,900...8,118,916
Ensembl chr17:8,095,900...8,119,047 		JBrowse link
G ASAH1 N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:333 NCBI chr 8:18,055,992...18,084,961
Ensembl chr 8:18,055,992...18,084,998 		JBrowse link
G ASCC3 activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 3 IAGP HPO MIM:620700 NCBI chr 6:100,508,194...100,881,329
Ensembl chr 6:100,508,194...100,881,372 		JBrowse link
G ASXL1 ASXL transcriptional regulator 1 IAGP HPO MIM:605039 NCBI chr20:32,358,331...32,439,319
Ensembl chr20:32,358,330...32,439,319 		JBrowse link
G B3GLCT beta 3-glucosyltransferase IAGP HPO MIM:261540 ORPHA:709 NCBI chr13:31,199,975...31,332,276
Ensembl chr13:31,199,975...31,332,276 		JBrowse link
G BMP2 bone morphogenetic protein 2 IAGP HPO MIM:617877 NCBI chr20:6,767,686...6,780,246
Ensembl chr20:6,767,686...6,780,246 		JBrowse link
G BMPR1B bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1B IAGP HPO MIM:609441 ORPHA:2098 NCBI chr 4:94,757,955...95,158,450
Ensembl chr 4:94,757,955...95,158,448 		JBrowse link
G BPNT2 3'(2'), 5'-bisphosphate nucleotidase 2 IAGP HPO MIM:614078 NCBI chr 8:56,957,931...56,993,867
Ensembl chr 8:56,957,931...56,993,867 		JBrowse link
G CHD7 chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7 IAGP HPO ORPHA:39041 NCBI chr 8:60,678,740...60,868,028
Ensembl chr 8:60,678,740...60,868,028 		JBrowse link
G COL2A1 collagen type II alpha 1 chain IAGP HPO MIM:271700 MIM:609162 NCBI chr12:47,972,967...48,006,212
Ensembl chr12:47,972,967...48,004,554 		JBrowse link
G CTCF CCCTC-binding factor IAGP HPO MIM:615502 NCBI chr16:67,562,526...67,639,185
Ensembl chr16:67,562,467...67,639,177 		JBrowse link
G DCLRE1C DNA cross-link repair 1C IAGP HPO ORPHA:39041 NCBI chr10:14,897,359...14,954,432
Ensembl chr10:14,897,359...14,954,432 		JBrowse link
G DHCR7 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase IAGP HPO MIM:270400 NCBI chr11:71,427,287...71,449,043
Ensembl chr11:71,428,193...71,452,868 		JBrowse link
G DNMT3A DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha IAGP HPO ORPHA:404443 NCBI chr 2:25,227,874...25,342,590
Ensembl chr 2:25,227,855...25,342,590 		JBrowse link
G DPYD dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase IAGP ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Short toe ClinVar PMID:7832988 PMID:8051923 PMID:8698850 PMID:8892022 PMID:9323575 More... NCBI chr 1:97,077,743...97,921,059
Ensembl chr 1:97,077,743...97,995,000 		JBrowse link
G DYRK1A dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A IAGP HPO ORPHA:464311 NCBI chr21:37,365,573...37,526,358
Ensembl chr21:37,365,573...37,526,358 		JBrowse link
G EOGT EGF domain specific O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase IAGP HPO MIM:615297 NCBI chr 3:68,975,225...69,013,684
Ensembl chr 3:68,975,217...69,013,684 		JBrowse link
G FGFR3 fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 IAGP HPO ORPHA:429 NCBI chr 4:1,793,293...1,808,867
Ensembl chr 4:1,793,293...1,808,872 		JBrowse link
G FIG4 FIG4 phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase IAGP HPO MIM:216340 ORPHA:3472 NCBI chr 6:109,691,296...109,825,426
Ensembl chr 6:109,690,609...109,878,098 		JBrowse link
G FLI1 Fli-1 proto-oncogene, ETS transcription factor IAGP HPO ORPHA:2308 NCBI chr11:128,685,351...128,813,267
Ensembl chr11:128,686,535...128,813,267 		JBrowse link
G FLNA filamin A IAGP HPO MIM:300244 NCBI chr  X:154,348,531...154,374,634
Ensembl chr  X:154,348,524...154,374,634 		JBrowse link
G GDF5 growth differentiation factor 5 IAGP HPO ORPHA:2098 NCBI chr20:35,433,347...35,454,749
Ensembl chr20:35,433,347...35,454,746 		JBrowse link
G GHR growth hormone receptor IAGP HPO ORPHA:633 NCBI chr 5:42,423,439...42,721,878
Ensembl chr 5:42,423,439...42,721,878 		JBrowse link
G GJA1 gap junction protein alpha 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:93404 NCBI chr 6:121,435,646...121,449,727
Ensembl chr 6:121,435,595...121,449,727 		JBrowse link
G GNAS GNAS complex locus IAGP HPO MIM:103580 NCBI chr20:58,839,748...58,911,192
Ensembl chr20:58,839,718...58,911,192 		JBrowse link
G GNS glucosamine (N-acetyl)-6-sulfatase IAGP ClinVar Annotator: match by term: Short toe ClinVar PMID:25741868 PMID:28492532 NCBI chr12:64,713,449...64,759,406
Ensembl chr12:64,713,445...64,759,431 		JBrowse link
G GPC3 glypican 3 IAGP HPO ORPHA:373 NCBI chr  X:133,535,745...133,985,594
Ensembl chr  X:133,535,745...133,987,100 		JBrowse link
G GPC4 glypican 4 IAGP HPO ORPHA:373 NCBI chr  X:133,300,103...133,415,489
Ensembl chr  X:133,300,103...133,415,489 		JBrowse link
G GPX4 glutathione peroxidase 4 IAGP HPO MIM:250220 NCBI chr19:1,103,994...1,106,779
Ensembl chr19:1,103,982...1,106,791 		JBrowse link
G GRIP1 glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 IAGP HPO MIM:617667 NCBI chr12:66,347,431...67,069,338
Ensembl chr12:66,347,431...67,069,162 		JBrowse link
G HBA1 hemoglobin subunit alpha 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:98791 NCBI chr16:176,680...177,522
Ensembl chr16:176,680...177,522 		JBrowse link
G HBA2 hemoglobin subunit alpha 2 IAGP HPO ORPHA:98791 NCBI chr16:172,876...173,710
Ensembl chr16:172,876...173,710 		JBrowse link
G HDAC4 histone deacetylase 4 IAGP HPO MIM:600430 NCBI chr 2:239,048,168...239,401,649
Ensembl chr 2:239,048,168...239,401,654 		JBrowse link
G HEATR3 HEAT repeat containing 3 IAGP HPO MIM:620072 NCBI chr16:50,065,970...50,107,272
Ensembl chr16:50,065,967...50,107,272 		JBrowse link
G IFT122 intraflagellar transport 122 IAGP HPO MIM:218330 NCBI chr 3:129,440,224...129,520,507
Ensembl chr 3:129,429,607...129,520,510 		JBrowse link
G IFT140 intraflagellar transport 140 IAGP HPO MIM:266920 NCBI chr16:1,510,427...1,612,072
Ensembl chr16:1,510,427...1,612,072 		JBrowse link
G IL2RG interleukin 2 receptor subunit gamma IAGP HPO ORPHA:39041 NCBI chr  X:71,107,404...71,111,577
Ensembl chr  X:71,107,404...71,112,108 		JBrowse link
G IL7R interleukin 7 receptor IAGP HPO ORPHA:39041 NCBI chr 5:35,856,891...35,879,603
Ensembl chr 5:35,852,695...35,879,603 		JBrowse link
G KMT2A lysine methyltransferase 2A IAGP HPO MIM:605130 NCBI chr11:118,436,492...118,526,832
Ensembl chr11:118,436,456...118,526,832 		JBrowse link
G LIG4 DNA ligase 4 IAGP HPO ORPHA:39041 NCBI chr13:108,207,442...108,218,349
Ensembl chr13:108,207,439...108,218,368 		JBrowse link
G MIA3 MIA SH3 domain ER export factor 3 IAGP HPO MIM:619269 NCBI chr 1:222,618,097...222,668,007
Ensembl chr 1:222,618,097...222,668,007 		JBrowse link
G MYCN MYCN proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor IAGP HPO MIM:164280 NCBI chr 2:15,940,550...15,947,004
Ensembl chr 2:15,940,550...15,947,007 		JBrowse link
G NOG noggin IAGP HPO ORPHA:140908 NCBI chr17:56,593,699...56,595,611
Ensembl chr17:56,593,699...56,595,611 		JBrowse link
G NOTCH2 notch receptor 2 IAGP HPO ORPHA:955 NCBI chr 1:119,911,553...120,069,662
Ensembl chr 1:119,911,553...120,100,779 		JBrowse link
G NPR2 natriuretic peptide receptor 2 IAGP HPO MIM:602875 NCBI chr 9:35,791,591...35,809,731
Ensembl chr 9:35,791,003...35,809,732 		JBrowse link
G OFD1 OFD1 centriole and centriolar satellite protein IAGP HPO ORPHA:2750 NCBI chr  X:13,714,505...13,773,738
Ensembl chr  X:13,734,743...13,777,955 		JBrowse link
G PDE4D phosphodiesterase 4D IAGP HPO ORPHA:439822 ORPHA:950 NCBI chr 5:58,969,038...60,522,128
Ensembl chr 5:58,969,038...60,522,120 		JBrowse link
G PHF6 PHD finger protein 6 IAGP HPO MIM:301900 ORPHA:127 NCBI chr  X:134,373,312...134,428,790
Ensembl chr  X:134,373,288...134,428,791 		JBrowse link
G PIGV phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class V IAGP HPO MIM:239300 NCBI chr 1:26,787,054...26,800,659
Ensembl chr 1:26,787,054...26,800,659 		JBrowse link
G PRKAR1A protein kinase cAMP-dependent type I regulatory subunit alpha IAGP HPO ORPHA:950 NCBI chr17:68,413,623...68,551,316
Ensembl chr17:68,511,780...68,551,319 		JBrowse link
G PRKG2 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 2 IAGP HPO MIM:619636 NCBI chr 4:81,087,370...81,217,836
Ensembl chr 4:81,087,370...81,215,222 		JBrowse link
G PTH1R parathyroid hormone 1 receptor IAGP HPO ORPHA:79106 NCBI chr 3:46,877,721...46,903,799
Ensembl chr 3:46,877,721...46,903,799 		JBrowse link
G RAB3GAP2 RAB3 GTPase activating non-catalytic protein subunit 2 IAGP HPO MIM:212720 NCBI chr 1:220,148,293...220,272,453
Ensembl chr 1:220,148,293...220,272,529 		JBrowse link
G RAG1 recombination activating 1 IAGP HPO ORPHA:39041 NCBI chr11:36,510,353...36,579,762
Ensembl chr11:36,510,372...36,593,156 		JBrowse link
G RAG2 recombination activating 2 IAGP HPO ORPHA:39041 NCBI chr11:36,590,996...36,598,236
Ensembl chr11:36,575,574...36,598,279 		JBrowse link
G RMRP RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease IAGP HPO MIM:607095 ORPHA:39041 NCBI chr 9:35,657,750...35,658,019
Ensembl chr 9:35,657,754...35,658,017 		JBrowse link
G RNU4ATAC RNA, U4atac small nuclear IAGP HPO MIM:616651 ORPHA:353298 NCBI chr 2:121,530,880...121,531,009
Ensembl chr 2:121,530,881...121,531,007 		JBrowse link
G SF3B4 splicing factor 3b subunit 4 IAGP HPO MIM:154400 NCBI chr 1:149,923,317...149,927,803
Ensembl chr 1:149,923,317...149,927,803 		JBrowse link
G SHOX SHOX homeobox IAGP HPO MIM:127300 NCBI chr  Y:624,344...659,411
NCBI chr  X:624,344...659,411
Ensembl chr  Y:624,344...659,411
Ensembl chr  X:624,344...659,411 		JBrowse link
G SLC26A2 solute carrier family 26 member 2 IAGP HPO ORPHA:93307 NCBI chr 5:149,960,758...149,987,400
Ensembl chr 5:149,960,758...149,993,455 		JBrowse link
G SMAD4 SMAD family member 4 IAGP HPO MIM:139210 NCBI chr18:51,030,213...51,085,042
Ensembl chr18:51,028,528...51,085,045 		JBrowse link
G SPECC1L sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1 like IAGP HPO ORPHA:1519 NCBI chr22:24,270,831...24,417,738
Ensembl chr22:24,270,817...24,417,739 		JBrowse link
G TBL1XR1 TBL1X/Y related 1 IAGP HPO MIM:602342 ORPHA:487825 NCBI chr 3:177,019,344...177,201,800
Ensembl chr 3:177,019,340...177,228,000 		JBrowse link
G TBX22 T-box transcription factor 22 IAGP HPO ORPHA:921 NCBI chr  X:80,014,753...80,031,774
Ensembl chr  X:80,014,753...80,031,774 		JBrowse link
G TGDS TDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase IAGP HPO MIM:616145 NCBI chr13:94,574,054...94,596,273
Ensembl chr13:94,574,054...94,596,242 		JBrowse link
G TNNT3 troponin T3, fast skeletal type IAGP HPO MIM:618435 NCBI chr11:1,919,552...1,938,702
Ensembl chr11:1,919,703...1,938,706 		JBrowse link
G TRPV4 transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 IAGP HPO ORPHA:93314 NCBI chr12:109,783,087...109,833,398
Ensembl chr12:109,783,087...109,833,406 		JBrowse link
G UBAP2L ubiquitin associated protein 2 like IAGP HPO MIM:620494 NCBI chr 1:154,220,172...154,271,510
Ensembl chr 1:154,220,179...154,271,510 		JBrowse link
G VAC14 VAC14 component of PIKFYVE complex IAGP HPO ORPHA:3472 NCBI chr16:70,687,439...70,801,158
Ensembl chr16:70,687,439...70,801,160 		JBrowse link
G ZMIZ1 zinc finger MIZ-type containing 1 IAGP HPO MIM:618659 NCBI chr10:79,068,966...79,316,519
Ensembl chr10:79,068,966...79,316,519 		JBrowse link
Shortening of all distal phalanges of the toes term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G FIG4 FIG4 phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase IAGP HPO ORPHA:3472 NCBI chr 6:109,691,296...109,825,426
Ensembl chr 6:109,690,609...109,878,098 		JBrowse link
G TRPV4 transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 IAGP HPO ORPHA:85169 NCBI chr12:109,783,087...109,833,398
Ensembl chr12:109,783,087...109,833,406 		JBrowse link
G VAC14 VAC14 component of PIKFYVE complex IAGP HPO ORPHA:3472 NCBI chr16:70,687,439...70,801,158
Ensembl chr16:70,687,439...70,801,160 		JBrowse link
Shortening of all middle phalanges of the toes term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G TRPV4 transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 IAGP HPO ORPHA:85169 NCBI chr12:109,783,087...109,833,398
Ensembl chr12:109,783,087...109,833,406 		JBrowse link
Shortening of all phalanges of the toes term browser
Symbol Object Name Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G SOX9 SRY-box transcription factor 9 IAGP HPO MIM:114290 NCBI chr17:72,121,020...72,126,416
Ensembl chr17:72,121,020...72,126,416 		JBrowse link
Term paths to the root
Path 1
Term Annotations click to browse term
  Human phenotype 73980
    Phenotypic abnormality 73674
      Abnormality of limbs 3147
        Abnormality of the lower limb 2184
          Abnormal foot morphology 1564
            Abnormal toe morphology 740
              Aplasia/Hypoplasia of toe 139
                Absent toe + 70
                Short toe + 113
                Small toe 0
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  Human phenotype 73980
    Phenotypic abnormality 73674
      Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system 9766
        Abnormality of the skeletal system 8651
          Abnormal skeletal morphology 8067
            Abnormal appendicular skeleton morphology 2150
              Abnormal limb bone morphology 1983
                Abnormal lower limb bone morphology 847
                  Aplasia/hypoplasia involving bones of the lower limbs 402
                    Aplasia/Hypoplasia involving bones of the feet 300
                      Aplasia/Hypoplasia of toe 139
                        Absent toe + 70
                        Short toe + 113
                        Small toe 0
paths to the root