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ONTOLOGY REPORT - ANNOTATIONS

Term:5-methylcytosine dioxygenase activity
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Accession:GO:0070579 term browser browse the term
Definition:Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methylcytosine (5mC) in DNA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in DNA + succinate + CO2. This reaction is the first step in the removal of cytosine methylated on position 5 in double-stranded DNA. This activity can iteratively oxidize 5hmC to 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and to 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC).
Comment:This reaction removes the methyl group from position 5 of cytosine in DNA via oxidation of the 5-methylcytosine, followed by removal of the oxidated base by the base excision repair system. Do not confuse with oxidative DNA demethylase activity ; GO:0035516, which directly reverses the alkylation on nucleodides in the DNA.
Synonyms:broad_synonym: methylcytosine dioxygenase activity
 xref: EC:1.14.11.80;   Reactome:R-HSA-9817458 "TET3 oxidizes 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in chromatin containing histone H3.3";   WIkipedia:DNA_demethylation;   reactome:R-HSA-5220952 "TET1,2,3 oxidizes 5-formylcytosine to 5-carboxylcytosine";   reactome:R-HSA-5220990 "TET1,2,3 oxidizes 5-hydroxymethylcytosine to 5-formylcytosine";   reactome:R-HSA-5221014 "TET1,2,3 oxidizes 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine"


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5-methylcytosine dioxygenase activity term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Tet1 tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 enables ISO
IBA		 (PMID:19372391), (PMID:21496894), (PMID:25284789)
GO_REF:0000033
(PMID:19372391), (PMID:21778364)		 RGD
GO_Central		 PMID:19372391 PMID:21496894 PMID:21778364 PMID:25284789 GO_REF:0000033 NCBI chr20:25,761,042...25,840,926
Ensembl chr20:25,768,120...25,833,052 		JBrowse link
G Tet2 tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 enables ISO
IBA		 (PMID:21057493), (PMID:23222540), (PMID:24315485), (PMID:32518946)
GO_REF:0000033
(PMID:19372391), (PMID:20639862), (PMID:21057493), (PMID:21778364), (PMID:21817016)		 RGD
GO_Central		 PMID:19372391 PMID:20639862 PMID:21057493 PMID:21778364 PMID:21817016 More... GO_REF:0000033 NCBI chr 2:221,988,645...222,072,813
Ensembl chr 2:221,988,645...222,072,534 		JBrowse link
G Tet3 tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 3 enables ISO
IBA		 (PMID:19372391), (PMID:20639862), (PMID:21407207), (PMID:21778364), (PMID:21892189), (PMID:22722204)
GO_REF:0000033		 RGD
GO_Central		 PMID:19372391 PMID:20639862 PMID:21407207 PMID:21778364 PMID:21892189 More... GO_REF:0000033 NCBI chr 4:115,867,412...115,964,433
Ensembl chr 4:115,871,265...115,964,193 		JBrowse link
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Term Annotations click to browse term
  molecular_function 21088
    catalytic activity 6122
      oxidoreductase activity 868
        dioxygenase activity 100
          2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase activity 64
            5-methylcytosine dioxygenase activity 3
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