RGD DISEASE ONTOLOGY - ANNOTATIONS
RGD uses the Human Disease Ontology (DO, https://disease-ontology.org/) for disease curation across species. RGD automatically downloads each new release of the ontology on a monthly basis. Some additional terms which are required for RGD's curation purposes but are not currently covered in the official version of DO have been added. As corresponding terms are added to DO, these custom terms are retired and the DO terms substituted in existing annotations and subsequently used for curation.
Term: withdrawal disorder
Accession: DOID:0060001
browse the term
Definition: Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.
Synonyms: exact_synonym: Drug Withdrawal Symptom; Drug Withdrawal Symptoms; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance Withdrawal Syndromes; Withdrawal Symptom; Withdrawal Symptoms
primary_id: MESH:D013375 ; RDO:0004796
For additional species annotation, visit the
Alliance of Genome Resources .
G
Adcy1
adenylate cyclase 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:16914643
NCBI chr14:87,311,970...87,429,880
Ensembl chr14:87,312,203...87,421,659
G
Adcy8
adenylate cyclase 8
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:16914643
NCBI chr 7:105,353,883...105,593,372
Ensembl chr 7:105,353,913...105,592,804
G
Adora1
adenosine A1 receptor
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:16226742
NCBI chr13:51,042,111...51,076,913
Ensembl chr13:51,042,248...51,076,852
G
Adora2a
adenosine A2a receptor
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:14756803 PMID:16226742 PMID:16470403
NCBI chr20:14,265,251...14,282,873
Ensembl chr20:14,265,252...14,282,873
G
Arl6ip5
ADP-ribosylation factor like GTPase 6 interacting protein 5
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: therapeutic
CTD
PMID:21600884
NCBI chr 4:129,574,363...129,598,240
Ensembl chr 4:129,574,264...129,598,915
G
Avp
arginine vasopressin
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:4040330
NCBI chr 3:123,117,482...123,119,460
Ensembl chr 3:123,117,492...123,119,460
G
Bdnf
brain-derived neurotrophic factor
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:12574402
NCBI chr 3:100,768,637...100,819,216
Ensembl chr 3:100,768,637...100,819,210
G
Cacna1i
calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 I
treatment
ISO
RGD
PMID:25871318
RGD:14995950
NCBI chr 7:121,521,787...121,619,300
Ensembl chr 7:121,511,097...121,619,283
G
Cckbr
cholecystokinin B receptor
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:9496717 PMID:11880531
NCBI chr 1:170,262,218...170,272,298
Ensembl chr 1:170,262,156...170,272,298
G
Chrm5
cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 5
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:12154229
NCBI chr 3:103,966,451...104,018,815
Ensembl chr 3:103,966,451...104,018,861
G
Chrna5
cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 5 subunit
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:18184829
NCBI chr 8:59,561,817...59,590,172
Ensembl chr 8:59,561,721...59,590,172
G
Chrna6
cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 6 subunit
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:19644040
NCBI chr16:68,860,018...68,866,718
Ensembl chr16:68,860,018...68,866,718
G
Chrna7
cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 7 subunit
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:18184829
NCBI chr 1:123,897,341...124,039,263
Ensembl chr 1:123,899,657...124,039,196
G
Chrnb2
cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 2 subunit
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:18184829
NCBI chr 2:189,088,570...189,096,785
Ensembl chr 2:189,088,570...189,096,785
G
Chrnb4
cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 4 subunit
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:15537871
NCBI chr 8:59,610,489...59,629,073
Ensembl chr 8:59,609,693...59,629,133
G
Cnr1
cannabinoid receptor 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:18705688
NCBI chr 5:49,307,584...49,333,064
Ensembl chr 5:49,311,030...49,333,056
G
Creb1
cAMP responsive element binding protein 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:18596687
NCBI chr 9:71,229,753...71,298,994
Ensembl chr 9:71,230,108...71,293,435
G
Crh
corticotropin releasing hormone
IEP ISO
mRNA:increased expression:amygdala (rat) CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:12968131 PMID:18596687 , PMID:12782395
RGD:5508177
NCBI chr 2:104,459,999...104,461,863
Ensembl chr 2:104,459,999...104,461,863
G
Crp
C-reactive protein
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:12858318
NCBI chr13:91,080,448...91,081,358
Ensembl chr13:91,054,974...91,093,713
G
Drd1
dopamine receptor D1
IEP
protein:increased expression:nucleus accumbens (rat)
RGD
PMID:20435100
RGD:7248622
NCBI chr17:11,099,736...11,104,352
Ensembl chr17:11,101,306...11,103,541
G
Drd2
dopamine receptor D2
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:17189962
NCBI chr 8:53,678,777...53,743,643
Ensembl chr 8:53,678,777...53,743,642
G
Faah
fatty acid amide hydrolase
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:18705688 PMID:19002671
NCBI chr 5:134,852,899...134,872,095
Ensembl chr 5:134,852,875...134,871,775
G
Fmr1
FMRP translational regulator 1
IEP
mRNA:decreased expression:prefrontal cortex (rat)
RGD
PMID:24810662
RGD:11667955
NCBI chr X:154,684,924...154,722,369
Ensembl chr X:154,684,935...154,722,314
G
Fos
Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:15196791 PMID:15196794 PMID:18485423
NCBI chr 6:109,300,433...109,303,299
Ensembl chr 6:109,300,433...109,303,299
G
Gnai1
G protein subunit alpha i1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:12199159
NCBI chr 4:13,405,136...13,486,866
Ensembl chr 4:13,405,136...13,485,883
G
Gnao1
G protein subunit alpha o1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:12199159
NCBI chr19:11,513,201...11,669,578
Ensembl chr19:11,513,201...11,669,578
G
Gnas
GNAS complex locus
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:12199159
NCBI chr 3:172,374,957...172,434,988
Ensembl chr 3:172,374,957...172,428,483 Ensembl chr 3:172,374,957...172,428,483
G
Gria1
glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:11404432 PMID:12511956
NCBI chr10:42,441,723...42,760,200
Ensembl chr10:42,614,713...42,760,200
G
Gria2
glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:12511956
NCBI chr 2:179,584,302...179,704,629
Ensembl chr 2:179,584,308...179,704,629
G
Grin2a
glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:12878694
NCBI chr10:5,707,806...6,123,568
Ensembl chr10:5,930,298...6,119,990
G
Hcrt
hypocretin neuropeptide precursor
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:20738730
NCBI chr10:88,669,216...88,670,430
Ensembl chr10:88,669,214...88,670,430
G
Hcrtr1
hypocretin receptor 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:20667500
NCBI chr 5:148,346,029...148,355,404
Ensembl chr 5:148,346,031...148,355,406
G
Hrh1
histamine receptor H 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:8870037
NCBI chr 4:146,374,596...146,458,148
Ensembl chr 4:146,455,332...146,457,074
G
Hrh2
histamine receptor H 2
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:8870037
NCBI chr17:10,912,959...10,931,389
Ensembl chr17:10,921,507...10,952,441
G
Htr2c
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:17105947
NCBI chr X:118,084,520...118,318,040
Ensembl chr X:118,084,890...118,318,039
G
Kdm4c
lysine demethylase 4C
susceptibility
ISO
DNA:snps:multiple (human)
RGD
PMID:22072270
RGD:9587485
NCBI chr 5:90,800,139...91,012,662
Ensembl chr 5:90,800,082...91,012,659
G
Mapk1
mitogen activated protein kinase 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:17549049
NCBI chr11:88,203,863...88,273,301
Ensembl chr11:88,211,599...88,273,254
G
Mapk3
mitogen activated protein kinase 3
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:17549049
NCBI chr 1:198,192,773...198,198,975
Ensembl chr 1:198,192,773...198,198,975
G
Mmp9
matrix metallopeptidase 9
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:20519536
NCBI chr 3:161,413,410...161,421,473
Ensembl chr 3:161,413,298...161,421,520
G
Nos2
nitric oxide synthase 2
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:19751225
NCBI chr10:66,188,290...66,221,621
Ensembl chr10:66,189,786...66,313,190
G
Nptx2
neuronal pentraxin 2
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:19084905
NCBI chr12:12,014,638...12,025,547
Ensembl chr12:12,013,911...12,025,549
G
Npy
neuropeptide Y
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:16952158
NCBI chr 4:79,557,856...79,565,059
Ensembl chr 4:79,557,854...79,565,097
G
Npy2r
neuropeptide Y receptor Y2
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:18828811
NCBI chr 2:181,528,949...181,538,145
Ensembl chr 2:181,530,832...181,531,978
G
Oprd1
opioid receptor, delta 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:2415332
NCBI chr 5:150,288,126...150,323,063
Ensembl chr 5:150,288,126...150,323,063
G
Oprk1
opioid receptor, kappa 1
treatment
IMP ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:9463367 PMID:20232057 , PMID:22515275
RGD:9834942
NCBI chr 5:13,742,655...13,760,460
Ensembl chr 5:13,744,658...13,760,305
G
Oprl1
opioid related nociceptin receptor 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:11027224
NCBI chr 3:177,223,779...177,231,663
Ensembl chr 3:177,225,737...177,231,663
G
Per1
period circadian regulator 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:20738730
NCBI chr10:55,681,761...55,696,557
Ensembl chr10:55,687,050...55,695,994
G
Per2
period circadian regulator 2
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:20434889 PMID:20738730
NCBI chr 9:98,555,154...98,597,362
Ensembl chr 9:98,555,169...98,597,359
G
Per3
period circadian regulator 3
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:20738730
NCBI chr 5:168,088,126...168,123,482
Ensembl chr 5:168,086,998...168,123,395
G
Pnoc
prepronociceptin
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: therapeutic
CTD
PMID:10680585
NCBI chr15:48,805,841...48,833,071
Ensembl chr15:48,805,228...48,833,285
G
Pomc
proopiomelanocortin
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism|therapeutic
CTD
PMID:225122 PMID:15689546 PMID:15714323 PMID:20738730
NCBI chr 6:28,382,937...28,388,771
Ensembl chr 6:28,382,962...28,388,967
G
Ppp1r1b
protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 1B
treatment
IDA
associated with Morphine Dependence
RGD
PMID:25604667
RGD:13514096
NCBI chr10:86,303,727...86,312,770
Ensembl chr10:86,303,727...86,312,762
G
Prl
prolactin
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:9037573
NCBI chr17:39,814,236...39,824,299
Ensembl chr17:39,814,244...39,824,299
G
Ptger3
prostaglandin E receptor 3
treatment
IMP
RGD
PMID:10708732
RGD:10043351
NCBI chr 2:263,895,093...263,979,682
Ensembl chr 2:263,895,241...263,979,698
G
Ren
renin
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:28415
NCBI chr13:50,502,724...50,513,953
Ensembl chr13:50,502,724...50,514,151
G
Rhoa
ras homolog family member A
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:30158054
NCBI chr 8:117,082,440...117,116,244
Ensembl chr 8:117,106,576...117,116,167
G
Runx2
RUNX family transcription factor 2
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:30158054
NCBI chr 9:18,564,743...18,773,092
Ensembl chr 9:18,564,927...18,773,092
G
Slc6a1
solute carrier family 6 member 1
IEP ISO
protein:increased expression:cerebral cortex CTD Direct Evidence: therapeutic
CTD
PMID:14598306 , PMID:15976529
RGD:1643202
NCBI chr 4:146,258,842...146,292,176
Ensembl chr 4:146,276,862...146,292,213
G
Slc6a4
solute carrier family 6 member 4
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:17000009
NCBI chr10:63,153,656...63,188,377
Ensembl chr10:63,153,651...63,176,463
G
Smad1
SMAD family member 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:30158054
NCBI chr19:32,182,942...32,248,694
Ensembl chr19:32,188,267...32,248,684
G
Smad5
SMAD family member 5
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:30158054
NCBI chr17:8,307,448...8,336,996
Ensembl chr17:8,311,796...8,331,032
G
Smurf1
SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:30158054
NCBI chr12:11,433,815...11,526,465
Ensembl chr12:11,407,213...11,526,465
G
Tacr1
tachykinin receptor 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:7692360
NCBI chr 4:113,247,236...113,416,139
Ensembl chr 4:113,247,795...113,414,504
G
Th
tyrosine hydroxylase
IEP
protein:increased serine phosphorylation:brainstem (rat)
RGD
PMID:20973778
RGD:5128830
NCBI chr 1:216,073,034...216,080,287
Ensembl chr 1:216,073,031...216,080,287
G
Cnr1
cannabinoid receptor 1
ISO
RGD
PMID:11841893
RGD:1626329
NCBI chr 5:49,307,584...49,333,064
Ensembl chr 5:49,311,030...49,333,056
G
Ptgs2
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2
ISO
RGD
PMID:16318954
RGD:5688289
NCBI chr13:67,351,230...67,356,920
Ensembl chr13:67,351,087...67,359,335
G
Slc6a3
solute carrier family 6 member 3
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:27219321
NCBI chr 1:32,323,011...32,363,983
Ensembl chr 1:32,321,580...32,363,983
G
Slc29a1
solute carrier family 29 member 1
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:21283641
NCBI chr 9:17,784,468...17,799,008
Ensembl chr 9:17,784,468...17,799,005
G
Slc6a3
solute carrier family 6 member 3
ISO
CTD Direct Evidence: marker/mechanism
CTD
PMID:27219321
NCBI chr 1:32,323,011...32,363,983
Ensembl chr 1:32,321,580...32,363,983
Term paths to the root one shortest all shortest one longest all longest one shortest and longest all