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CHEBI ONTOLOGY - ANNOTATIONS

The Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) ontology is downloaded weekly from EMBL-EBI at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/. The data is made available under the Creative Commons License (CC BY 3.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). For more information see: Degtyarenko et al. (2008) ChEBI: a database and ontology for chemical entities of biological interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D344–D350.

Term:naproxen
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Accession:CHEBI:7476 term browser browse the term
Definition:A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.
Synonyms:exact_synonym: (2S)-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanoic acid
 related_synonym: (+)-2-(Methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propionic acid;   (+)-2-(Methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propionsaeure;   (S)-2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propanoic acid;   (S)-2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid;   (S)-6-Methoxy-alpha-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid;   (S)-Naproxen;   2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid;   Formula=C14H14O3;   InChI=1S/C14H14O3/c1-9(14(15)16)10-3-4-12-8-13(17-2)6-5-11(12)7-10/h3-9H,1-2H3,(H,15,16)/t9-/m0/s1;   InChIKey=CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-N;   SMILES=COc1ccc2cc(ccc2c1)[C@H](C)C(O)=O;   naproxene;   naproxeno;   naproxenum
 alt_id: CHEBI:603695
 xref: Beilstein:3591067;   CAS:22204-53-1;   DrugBank:DB00788;   Drug_Central:1883;   HMDB:HMDB0001923;   KEGG:D00118;   LINCS:LSM-5689
 xref_mesh: MESH:D009288
 xref: PMID:18044350;   PMID:24478225;   PMID:9784154;   Patent:US3904682;   Patent:US4009197;   Wikipedia:Naproxen
 cyclic_relationship: is_conjugate_acid_of CHEBI:59527



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naproxen term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G ABCB1 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 affects expression EXP Naproxen affects the expression of ABCB1 mRNA CTD PMID:18581209 NCBI chr 7:87,503,017...87,713,295
Ensembl chr 7:87,503,017...87,713,323
JBrowse link
G ABCB11 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 11 multiple interactions
decreases activity
EXP Naproxen inhibits the reaction [ABCB11 protein results in increased transport of Taurocholic Acid]
Naproxen results in decreased activity of ABCB11 protein
CTD PMID:24014644 NCBI chr 2:168,915,390...169,031,324
Ensembl chr 2:168,915,498...169,031,324
JBrowse link
G ABCG2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (JR blood group) affects expression
affects activity
EXP Naproxen affects the expression of ABCG2 protein
Naproxen affects the activity of ABCG2 protein
CTD PMID:18581209 NCBI chr 4:88,090,264...88,231,626
Ensembl chr 4:88,090,150...88,231,628
JBrowse link
G ACE2 angiotensin converting enzyme 2 decreases expression EXP Naproxen results in decreased expression of ACE2 mRNA CTD PMID:32808185 NCBI chr  X:15,518,197...15,607,211
Ensembl chr  X:15,494,566...15,607,236
JBrowse link
G ADIPOQ adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing increases expression ISO Naproxen results in increased expression of ADIPOQ protein CTD PMID:23784744 NCBI chr 3:186,842,710...186,858,463
Ensembl chr 3:186,842,704...186,858,463
JBrowse link
G AKR1C1 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 decreases activity EXP Naproxen results in decreased activity of AKR1C1 protein CTD PMID:19010312 NCBI chr10:4,963,415...4,983,283
Ensembl chr10:4,963,253...4,983,283
JBrowse link
G AKR1C2 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 decreases activity EXP Naproxen results in decreased activity of AKR1C2 protein CTD PMID:19010312 NCBI chr10:4,987,775...5,018,000
Ensembl chr10:4,987,775...5,018,031
JBrowse link
G AKR1C3 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 decreases activity EXP Naproxen results in decreased activity of AKR1C3 protein CTD PMID:19010312 NCBI chr10:5,048,781...5,107,686
Ensembl chr10:5,035,354...5,107,686
JBrowse link
G ALB albumin affects binding EXP
ISO
[Naproxen binds to Cobalt] which binds to ALB protein; Naproxen binds to ALB protein CTD PMID:9353694 PMID:22178666 NCBI chr 4:73,404,287...73,421,482
Ensembl chr 4:73,397,114...73,421,482
JBrowse link
G BACE1 beta-secretase 1 decreases expression ISO Naproxen results in decreased expression of BACE1 mRNA CTD PMID:16407166 NCBI chr11:117,285,698...117,316,256
Ensembl chr11:117,285,232...117,316,259
JBrowse link
G BDNF brain derived neurotrophic factor multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of BDNF protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of BDNF protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr11:27,654,893...27,722,030
Ensembl chr11:27,654,893...27,722,058
JBrowse link
G CCL2 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CCL2 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CCL2 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr17:34,255,285...34,257,203
Ensembl chr17:34,255,274...34,257,208
JBrowse link
G CCL20 C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CCL20 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CCL20 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 2:227,813,842...227,817,556
Ensembl chr 2:227,805,739...227,817,564
JBrowse link
G CCL22 C-C motif chemokine ligand 22 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CCL22 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CCL22 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr16:57,357,909...57,366,189
Ensembl chr16:57,358,783...57,366,189
JBrowse link
G CCL3 C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CCL3 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CCL3 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr17:36,088,256...36,090,143
Ensembl chr17:36,088,256...36,090,169
JBrowse link
G CCND1 cyclin D1 multiple interactions EXP Naproxen inhibits the reaction [TNF protein results in increased expression of CCND1 protein] CTD PMID:15489888 NCBI chr11:69,641,156...69,654,474
Ensembl chr11:69,641,156...69,654,474
JBrowse link
G CCR4 C-C motif chemokine receptor 4 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CCR4 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CCR4 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 3:32,951,644...32,956,349
Ensembl chr 3:32,951,644...32,956,349
JBrowse link
G CD80 CD80 molecule multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] affects the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CD80 protein]; Naproxen affects the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CD80 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 3:119,524,293...119,559,614
Ensembl chr 3:119,524,293...119,559,614
JBrowse link
G CILK1 ciliogenesis associated kinase 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CILK1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CILK1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 6:53,001,303...53,061,824
Ensembl chr 6:53,001,279...53,061,824
JBrowse link
G CNTF ciliary neurotrophic factor multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CNTF protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CNTF protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr11:58,622,665...58,625,733
Ensembl chr11:58,622,665...58,625,733
JBrowse link
G CNTFR ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CNTFR protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CNTFR protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 9:34,551,433...34,590,852
Ensembl chr 9:34,551,432...34,590,140
JBrowse link
G CSF2 colony stimulating factor 2 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CSF2 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CSF2 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 5:132,073,789...132,076,170
Ensembl chr 5:132,073,789...132,076,170
JBrowse link
G CTNNB1 catenin beta 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CTNNB1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CTNNB1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 3:41,199,505...41,240,443
Ensembl chr 3:41,194,741...41,260,096
JBrowse link
G CX3CL1 C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of CX3CL1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of CX3CL1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr16:57,372,490...57,385,044
Ensembl chr16:57,372,477...57,385,044
JBrowse link
G CXCL10 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CXCL10 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CXCL10 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 4:76,021,118...76,023,497
Ensembl chr 4:76,021,118...76,023,497
JBrowse link
G CXCL2 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CXCL2 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CXCL2 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 4:74,097,040...74,099,195
Ensembl chr 4:74,097,040...74,099,196
JBrowse link
G CXCL6 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 6 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CXCL5 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CXCL5 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 4:73,836,678...73,838,760
Ensembl chr 4:73,836,640...73,849,064
JBrowse link
G CXCR4 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CXCR4 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of CXCR4 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 2:136,114,349...136,118,149
Ensembl chr 2:136,114,349...136,119,177
JBrowse link
G CYP2C9 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 multiple interactions
increases metabolic processing
decreases methylation
affects metabolic processing
EXP Amiodarone promotes the reaction [CYP2C9 protein affects the metabolism of Naproxen]; Benzbromarone promotes the reaction [CYP2C9 protein affects the metabolism of Naproxen]; Dapsone promotes the reaction [CYP2C9 protein polymorphism results in decreased methylation of Naproxen]; Dapsone promotes the reaction [CYP2C9 protein results in decreased methylation of Naproxen]
CYP2C9 protein results in increased metabolism of Naproxen
CYP2C9 protein polymorphism results in decreased methylation of Naproxen; CYP2C9 protein results in decreased methylation of Naproxen
CYP2C9 gene polymorphism affects the metabolism of Naproxen; CYP2C9 protein affects the metabolism of Naproxen
CTD PMID:11901091 PMID:12464242 PMID:15130760 PMID:16081671 PMID:17681167 NCBI chr10:94,938,658...94,990,091
Ensembl chr10:94,938,658...94,990,091
JBrowse link
G CYP4A11 cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily A member 11 affects activity EXP Naproxen affects the activity of CYP4A11 protein CTD PMID:37499995 NCBI chr 1:46,929,188...46,941,476
Ensembl chr 1:46,929,177...46,941,484
JBrowse link
G ERRFI1 ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of ERRFI1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of ERRFI1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 1:8,011,727...8,026,309
Ensembl chr 1:8,004,404...8,026,309
JBrowse link
G FADD Fas associated via death domain multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of FADD protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of FADD protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr11:70,203,296...70,207,390
Ensembl chr11:70,203,296...70,207,390
JBrowse link
G FAS Fas cell surface death receptor multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of FAS protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of FAS protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr10:88,964,050...89,017,059
Ensembl chr10:88,953,813...89,029,605
JBrowse link
G FASLG Fas ligand multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of FASLG protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of FASLG protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 1:172,659,103...172,666,876
Ensembl chr 1:172,659,103...172,666,876
JBrowse link
G FGFBP1 fibroblast growth factor binding protein 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of FGFBP1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of FGFBP1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 4:15,935,577...15,938,740
Ensembl chr 4:15,935,577...15,938,740
JBrowse link
G FGL1 fibrinogen like 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of FGL1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of FGL1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 8:17,864,389...17,895,538
Ensembl chr 8:17,864,380...17,910,365
JBrowse link
G FSTL1 follistatin like 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of FSTL1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of FSTL1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 3:120,392,293...120,450,992
Ensembl chr 3:120,392,293...120,451,016
JBrowse link
G GCLC glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit increases expression EXP Naproxen results in increased expression of GCLC mRNA CTD PMID:11909699 NCBI chr 6:53,497,341...53,545,101
Ensembl chr 6:53,497,341...53,616,970
JBrowse link
G GCLM glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit increases expression EXP Naproxen results in increased expression of GCLM mRNA CTD PMID:11909699 NCBI chr 1:93,885,199...93,909,430
Ensembl chr 1:93,885,199...93,909,456
JBrowse link
G GFRA1 GDNF family receptor alpha 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of GFRA1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of GFRA1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr10:116,056,925...116,274,705
Ensembl chr10:116,056,925...116,276,803
JBrowse link
G GFRA2 GDNF family receptor alpha 2 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of GFRA2 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of GFRA2 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 8:21,690,398...21,812,345
Ensembl chr 8:21,690,398...21,812,357
JBrowse link
G GH1 growth hormone 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of GH1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of GH1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr17:63,917,203...63,918,839
Ensembl chr17:63,917,200...63,918,839
JBrowse link
G GHR growth hormone receptor multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of GHR protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of GHR protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 5:42,423,439...42,721,878
Ensembl chr 5:42,423,439...42,721,878
JBrowse link
G HCRT hypocretin neuropeptide precursor multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of HCRT protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of HCRT protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr17:42,184,060...42,185,452
Ensembl chr17:42,184,060...42,185,452
JBrowse link
G HLA-DMB major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta affects expression EXP Naproxen affects the expression of HLA-DMB mRNA CTD PMID:25811541 NCBI chr 6:32,934,636...32,941,028
Ensembl chr 6:32,934,629...32,941,028
JBrowse link
G IDE insulin degrading enzyme multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of IDE protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of IDE protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr10:92,451,684...92,574,093
Ensembl chr10:92,451,684...92,574,096
JBrowse link
G IFNG interferon gamma multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in decreased expression of IFNG protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in decreased expression of IFNG protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr12:68,154,768...68,159,740
Ensembl chr12:68,154,768...68,159,740
JBrowse link
G IL10 interleukin 10 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL10 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL10 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 1:206,767,602...206,772,494
Ensembl chr 1:206,767,602...206,774,541
JBrowse link
G IL13 interleukin 13 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL13 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL13 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 5:132,656,522...132,661,110
Ensembl chr 5:132,656,263...132,661,110
JBrowse link
G IL1A interleukin 1 alpha multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in decreased expression of IL1A protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in decreased expression of IL1A protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 2:112,773,925...112,784,493
Ensembl chr 2:112,773,925...112,784,493
JBrowse link
G IL1B interleukin 1 beta multiple interactions EXP
ISO
Naproxen inhibits the reaction [IL1B protein results in increased activity of PTGS2 protein]; Naproxen promotes the reaction [Aspirin inhibits the reaction [[lipopolysaccharide, Escherichia coli O111 B4 co-treated with IL1B protein] results in increased abundance of Dinoprostone]]; Naproxen promotes the reaction [nitroaspirin inhibits the reaction [[lipopolysaccharide, Escherichia coli O111 B4 co-treated with IL1B protein] results in increased abundance of Dinoprostone]]; tert-Butylhydroperoxide inhibits the reaction [Naproxen inhibits the reaction [IL1B protein results in increased activity of PTGS2 protein]]
[Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of IL1B protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of IL1B protein]
CTD PMID:14762100 PMID:15705740 PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 2:112,829,751...112,836,779
Ensembl chr 2:112,829,751...112,836,816
JBrowse link
G IL2 interleukin 2 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL2 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL2 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 4:122,451,470...122,456,725
Ensembl chr 4:122,451,470...122,456,725
JBrowse link
G IL3 interleukin 3 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of IL3 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of IL3 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 5:132,060,655...132,063,204
Ensembl chr 5:132,060,655...132,063,204
JBrowse link
G IL4 interleukin 4 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL4 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL4 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 5:132,673,989...132,682,678
Ensembl chr 5:132,673,986...132,682,678
JBrowse link
G IL5 interleukin 5 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL5 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL5 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 5:132,541,445...132,556,815
Ensembl chr 5:132,541,445...132,556,838
JBrowse link
G IL6 interleukin 6 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL6 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of IL6 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 7:22,727,200...22,731,998
Ensembl chr 7:22,725,884...22,732,002
JBrowse link
G INHBA inhibin subunit beta A multiple interactions ISO Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of INHBA protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 7:41,685,114...41,705,406
Ensembl chr 7:41,667,168...41,705,834
JBrowse link
G INS-IGF2 INS-IGF2 readthrough multiple interactions
increases expression
ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of INS1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of INS1 protein]
Naproxen results in increased expression of INS1 protein
CTD PMID:22150557 PMID:23784744 NCBI chr11:2,129,117...2,161,209
Ensembl chr11:2,132,538...2,161,209
JBrowse link
G LEP leptin multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of LEP protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of LEP protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 7:128,241,278...128,257,629
Ensembl chr 7:128,241,278...128,257,629
JBrowse link
G MIF macrophage migration inhibitory factor multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of MIF protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of MIF protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr22:23,894,383...23,895,223
Ensembl chr22:23,894,383...23,895,227
JBrowse link
G MMP13 matrix metallopeptidase 13 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of MMP13 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of MMP13 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr11:102,942,995...102,955,732
Ensembl chr11:102,942,995...102,955,732
JBrowse link
G MMP2 matrix metallopeptidase 2 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of MMP2 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of MMP2 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr16:55,478,830...55,506,691
Ensembl chr16:55,389,700...55,506,691
JBrowse link
G MPO myeloperoxidase multiple interactions EXP [Hydrogen Peroxide results in increased activity of MPO protein] which results in increased oxidation of and results in increased susceptibility to Naproxen CTD PMID:28754375 NCBI chr17:58,269,855...58,280,935
Ensembl chr17:58,269,855...58,280,935
JBrowse link
G MUSK muscle associated receptor tyrosine kinase multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of MUSK protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of MUSK protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 9:110,668,791...110,806,558
Ensembl chr 9:110,668,779...110,806,558
JBrowse link
G NFKB1 nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 multiple interactions EXP Naproxen inhibits the reaction [TNF protein results in increased activity of [NFKB1 protein binds to RELA protein]]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [TNF protein results in increased activity of NFKB1 protein] CTD PMID:15489888 NCBI chr 4:102,501,359...102,617,302
Ensembl chr 4:102,501,330...102,617,302
JBrowse link
G NGF nerve growth factor multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of NGF protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of NGF protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 1:115,285,917...115,338,249
Ensembl chr 1:115,285,904...115,338,770
JBrowse link
G NGFR nerve growth factor receptor increases expression
multiple interactions
EXP
ISO
Naproxen results in increased expression of NGFR protein
[Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of NGFR protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of NGFR protein]
CTD PMID:17409433 PMID:22150557 NCBI chr17:49,495,293...49,515,008
Ensembl chr17:49,495,293...49,515,008
JBrowse link
G NOS2 nitric oxide synthase 2 increases expression ISO Naproxen results in increased expression of NOS2 mRNA CTD PMID:16944022 NCBI chr17:27,756,766...27,800,529
Ensembl chr17:27,756,766...27,800,529
JBrowse link
G NRP1 neuropilin 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of NRP1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of NRP1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr10:33,177,493...33,334,667
Ensembl chr10:33,177,492...33,336,262
JBrowse link
G PDGFA platelet derived growth factor subunit A multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of PDGFA protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of PDGFA protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 7:497,258...520,700
Ensembl chr 7:497,258...520,296
JBrowse link
G PLIN2 perilipin 2 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of PLIN2 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of PLIN2 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 9:19,108,388...19,127,492
Ensembl chr 9:19,108,375...19,149,290
JBrowse link
G POMC proopiomelanocortin multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of POMC protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of POMC protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 2:25,160,860...25,168,580
Ensembl chr 2:25,160,853...25,168,903
JBrowse link
G PPARA peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha increases activity ISO Naproxen results in increased activity of PPARA protein CTD PMID:11755111 NCBI chr22:46,150,526...46,243,756
Ensembl chr22:46,150,521...46,243,755
JBrowse link
G PPARG peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma increases activity ISO Naproxen results in increased activity of PPARG protein CTD PMID:11755111 NCBI chr 3:12,287,368...12,434,344
Ensembl chr 3:12,287,368...12,434,356
JBrowse link
G PRKAA1 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of PRKAA1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of PRKAA1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 5:40,759,389...40,798,374
Ensembl chr 5:40,759,389...40,798,374
JBrowse link
G PRLR prolactin receptor multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of PRLR protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of PRLR protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 5:35,048,756...35,230,487
Ensembl chr 5:35,048,756...35,230,487
JBrowse link
G PROK1 prokineticin 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of PROK1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of PROK1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 1:110,451,149...110,457,358
Ensembl chr 1:110,451,149...110,457,358
JBrowse link
G PTGS1 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 decreases activity EXP
ISO
Naproxen results in decreased activity of PTGS1 protein CTD PMID:9258749 PMID:17164136 NCBI chr 9:122,370,533...122,395,703
Ensembl chr 9:122,370,530...122,395,703
JBrowse link
G PTGS2 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 multiple interactions
decreases activity
increases expression
EXP
ISO
Naproxen inhibits the reaction [IL1B protein results in increased activity of PTGS2 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [TNF protein results in increased expression of PTGS2 protein]; tert-Butylhydroperoxide inhibits the reaction [Naproxen inhibits the reaction [IL1B protein results in increased activity of PTGS2 protein]]
Naproxen results in decreased activity of PTGS2 protein
Naproxen results in increased expression of PTGS2
CTD PMID:9258749 PMID:11840453 PMID:15489888 PMID:15705740 PMID:17164136 NCBI chr 1:186,671,791...186,680,423
Ensembl chr 1:186,671,791...186,680,922
JBrowse link
G RELA RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit multiple interactions EXP Naproxen inhibits the reaction [TNF protein results in increased activity of [NFKB1 protein binds to RELA protein]]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [TNF protein results in increased activity of RELA protein] CTD PMID:15489888 NCBI chr11:65,653,601...65,663,857
Ensembl chr11:65,653,599...65,663,090
JBrowse link
G REN renin decreases activity EXP Naproxen results in decreased activity of REN protein CTD PMID:2203262 NCBI chr 1:204,154,819...204,166,337
Ensembl chr 1:204,154,819...204,190,324
JBrowse link
G RETN resistin multiple interactions
decreases expression
ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of RETN protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of RETN protein]
Naproxen results in decreased expression of RETN protein
CTD PMID:22150557 PMID:23784744 NCBI chr19:7,669,049...7,670,455
Ensembl chr19:7,669,049...7,670,455
JBrowse link
G RETNLB resistin like beta multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of RETNLB protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of RETNLB protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 3:108,755,638...108,757,410
Ensembl chr 3:108,743,424...108,757,410
JBrowse link
G SELE selectin E multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of SELE protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of SELE protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 1:169,722,640...169,734,079
Ensembl chr 1:169,722,640...169,764,705
JBrowse link
G SELL selectin L multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of SELL protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of SELL protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 1:169,690,667...169,711,620
Ensembl chr 1:169,690,665...169,711,702
JBrowse link
G SLC22A11 solute carrier family 22 member 11 decreases activity EXP Naproxen results in decreased activity of SLC22A11 protein CTD PMID:12388633 NCBI chr11:64,555,941...64,572,875
Ensembl chr11:64,555,690...64,572,875
JBrowse link
G SLC22A2 solute carrier family 22 member 2 decreases activity EXP Naproxen results in decreased activity of SLC22A2 protein CTD PMID:12388633 NCBI chr 6:160,216,755...160,258,821
Ensembl chr 6:160,171,061...160,277,638
JBrowse link
G SLC22A6 solute carrier family 22 member 6 decreases activity EXP Naproxen results in decreased activity of SLC22A6 protein CTD PMID:12388633 NCBI chr11:62,976,597...62,984,967
Ensembl chr11:62,936,385...62,984,967
JBrowse link
G SLC22A7 solute carrier family 22 member 7 decreases activity EXP Naproxen results in decreased activity of SLC22A7 protein CTD PMID:12388633 NCBI chr 6:43,295,714...43,305,538
Ensembl chr 6:43,295,694...43,305,538
JBrowse link
G SLC22A9 solute carrier family 22 member 9 decreases activity EXP Naproxen results in decreased activity of SLC22A9 protein CTD PMID:12388633 NCBI chr11:63,369,785...63,410,294
Ensembl chr11:63,369,785...63,410,294
JBrowse link
G SLCO2A1 solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 multiple interactions EXP Naproxen promotes the reaction [SLCO2A1 protein results in increased transport of Dinoprostone] CTD PMID:19843975 NCBI chr 3:133,932,701...134,029,925
Ensembl chr 3:133,932,701...134,052,184
JBrowse link
G SPP1 secreted phosphoprotein 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of SPP1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of SPP1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 4:87,975,714...87,983,411
Ensembl chr 4:87,975,667...87,983,532
JBrowse link
G TAL1 TAL bHLH transcription factor 1, erythroid differentiation factor multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TAL1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TAL1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 1:47,216,290...47,232,335
Ensembl chr 1:47,216,290...47,232,225
JBrowse link
G TEK TEK receptor tyrosine kinase multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TEK protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TEK protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 9:27,109,141...27,230,178
Ensembl chr 9:27,109,141...27,230,174
JBrowse link
G TGFB1 transforming growth factor beta 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TGFB1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TGFB1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr19:41,330,323...41,353,922
Ensembl chr19:41,301,587...41,353,922
JBrowse link
G TGFB2 transforming growth factor beta 2 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TGFB2 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TGFB2 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 1:218,345,336...218,444,619
Ensembl chr 1:218,345,336...218,444,619
JBrowse link
G TGFB3 transforming growth factor beta 3 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TGFB3 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TGFB3 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr14:75,958,097...75,983,011
Ensembl chr14:75,958,097...75,983,011
JBrowse link
G TIMP1 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TIMP1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TIMP1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr  X:47,582,436...47,586,789
Ensembl chr  X:47,582,408...47,586,789
JBrowse link
G TIMP2 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TIMP2 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TIMP2 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr17:78,852,977...78,925,387
Ensembl chr17:78,852,977...78,925,387
JBrowse link
G TIMP3 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 3 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TIMP3 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TIMP3 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr22:32,801,705...32,863,041
Ensembl chr22:32,801,705...32,863,041
JBrowse link
G TLR4 toll like receptor 4 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TLR4 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TLR4 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 9:117,704,403...117,724,735
Ensembl chr 9:117,704,175...117,724,735
JBrowse link
G TMPRSS2 transmembrane serine protease 2 increases expression EXP Naproxen results in increased expression of TMPRSS2 mRNA CTD PMID:32808185 NCBI chr21:41,464,305...41,508,158
Ensembl chr21:41,464,300...41,531,116
JBrowse link
G TNF tumor necrosis factor multiple interactions EXP
ISO
Naproxen inhibits the reaction [TNF protein results in increased activity of [NFKB1 protein binds to RELA protein]]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [TNF protein results in increased activity of NFKB1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [TNF protein results in increased activity of RELA protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [TNF protein results in increased expression of CCND1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [TNF protein results in increased expression of PTGS2 protein]
[Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TNF protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TNF protein]
CTD PMID:15489888 PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 6:31,575,565...31,578,336
Ensembl chr 6:31,575,565...31,578,336
JBrowse link
G TNFRSF19 TNF receptor superfamily member 19 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of TNFRSF19 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin affects the expression of TNFRSF19 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr13:23,570,412...23,676,093
Ensembl chr13:23,570,370...23,676,104
JBrowse link
G TNFSF10 TNF superfamily member 10 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TNFSF10 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of TNFSF10 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 3:172,505,508...172,523,430
Ensembl chr 3:172,505,508...172,523,475
JBrowse link
G UGT1A1 UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1 decreases activity
increases glucuronidation
EXP Naproxen results in decreased activity of UGT1A1 protein
UGT1A1 protein results in increased glucuronidation of Naproxen
CTD PMID:15593333 PMID:15843492 NCBI chr 2:233,760,270...233,773,300
Ensembl chr 2:233,760,270...233,773,300
JBrowse link
G UGT1A10 UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A10 increases glucuronidation EXP UGT1A10 protein results in increased glucuronidation of Naproxen CTD PMID:15535975 NCBI chr 2:233,636,448...233,773,300
Ensembl chr 2:233,636,448...233,773,300
JBrowse link
G UGT1A3 UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A3 increases glucuronidation EXP UGT1A3 protein results in increased glucuronidation of Naproxen CTD PMID:15535975 PMID:15843492 NCBI chr 2:233,729,042...233,773,300
Ensembl chr 2:233,729,042...233,773,300
JBrowse link
G UGT1A6 UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A6 increases glucuronidation EXP UGT1A6 protein results in increased glucuronidation of Naproxen CTD PMID:15843492 NCBI chr 2:233,691,702...233,773,300
Ensembl chr 2:233,691,607...233,773,300
JBrowse link
G UGT1A9 UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A9 increases glucuronidation EXP UGT1A9 protein results in increased glucuronidation of Naproxen CTD PMID:15535975 NCBI chr 2:233,671,898...233,773,300
Ensembl chr 2:233,671,898...233,773,300
JBrowse link
G UGT2B17 UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B17 increases glucuronidation ISO UGT2B1 protein results in increased glucuronidation of Naproxen CTD PMID:8302279 NCBI chr 4:68,537,173...68,576,322
Ensembl chr 4:68,537,173...68,576,413
JBrowse link
G UGT2B4 UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B4 increases glucuronidation EXP UGT2B4 protein results in increased glucuronidation of Naproxen CTD PMID:15843492 NCBI chr 4:69,480,165...69,526,014
Ensembl chr 4:69,480,165...69,526,014
JBrowse link
G UGT2B7 UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B7 multiple interactions
increases glucuronidation
EXP Naproxen inhibits the reaction [UGT2B7 protein results in increased chemical synthesis of aldosterone 18-glucuronide]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [UGT2B7 protein results in increased glucuronidation of Aldosterone]
UGT2B7 protein alternative form results in increased glucuronidation of Naproxen; UGT2B7 protein results in increased glucuronidation of Naproxen
CTD PMID:8423545 PMID:8517101 PMID:15535975 PMID:15843492 PMID:19740398 NCBI chr 4:69,051,375...69,112,987
Ensembl chr 4:69,051,363...69,112,987
JBrowse link
G VCAM1 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of VCAM1 protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of VCAM1 protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 1:100,719,742...100,739,045
Ensembl chr 1:100,719,742...100,739,045
JBrowse link
G VEGFA vascular endothelial growth factor A multiple interactions ISO [Naproxen co-treated with Sumatriptan] inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of VEGFA protein]; Naproxen inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased expression of VEGFA protein] CTD PMID:22150557 NCBI chr 6:43,770,211...43,786,487
Ensembl chr 6:43,770,184...43,786,487
JBrowse link

Term paths to the root
Path 1
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 26041
    role 25957
      biological role 25936
        xenobiotic 20367
          naproxen 115
            desmethylnaproxen sulfate 0
            naproxcinod 0
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 26041
    subatomic particle 26016
      composite particle 26016
        hadron 26016
          baryon 26016
            nucleon 26016
              atomic nucleus 26016
                atom 26016
                  main group element atom 25841
                    p-block element atom 25841
                      carbon group element atom 25441
                        carbon atom 25399
                          organic molecular entity 25399
                            organic molecule 25228
                              organic cyclic compound 24281
                                carbocyclic compound 22049
                                  carbopolycyclic compound 19852
                                    carbobicyclic compound 5980
                                      naphthalenes 3838
                                        alkyloxynaphthalene 120
                                          methoxynaphthalene 120
                                            naproxen 115
                                              desmethylnaproxen sulfate 0
                                              naproxcinod 0
paths to the root