CHEBI ONTOLOGY - ANNOTATIONS
The Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) ontology is downloaded weekly from EMBL-EBI at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/ . The data is made available under the Creative Commons License (CC BY 3.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ ). For more information see: Degtyarenko et al. (2008) ChEBI: a database and ontology for chemical entities of biological interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D344–D350.
Term: gamma-linolenic acid
Accession: CHEBI:28661
browse the term
Definition: A C18, omega-6 acid fatty acid comprising a linolenic acid having cis- double bonds at positions 6, 9 and 12.
Synonyms: exact_synonym: (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadeca-6,9,12-trienoic acid
related_synonym: (6,9,12)-linolenic acid; (Z,Z,Z)-6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid; 18:3 (n-6); 6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid; 6-cis,9-cis,12-cis-octadecatrienoic acid; 6Z,9Z,12Z-Octadecatrienoic acid; C18:3 (n-6); C18:3, n-6,9,12 all-cis; Formula=C18H30O2; GLA; InChI=1S/C18H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h6-7,9-10,12-13H,2-5,8,11,14-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12-; InChIKey=VZCCETWTMQHEPK-QNEBEIHSSA-N; Octadeca-6,9,12-triensaeure; SMILES=CCCCC\\C=C/C\\C=C/C\\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O; all-cis-6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid; cis-Delta(6,9,12)-octadecatrienoic acid; gamma-Linolensaeure; gamoleic acid; gamolenic acid
alt_id: CHEBI:10573; CHEBI:24197
xref: Beilstein:1712253; CAS:506-26-3; Drug_Central:1276; HMDB:HMDB0003073; KEGG:C06426; KEGG:D07213; KNApSAcK:C00001226; LIPID_MAPS_instance:LMFA01030141
xref_mesh: MESH:D017965
xref: MetaCyc:CPD-8117; PMID:11385052; PMID:24435467; PMID:9732298; Reaxys:1712253; Wikipedia:Gamma-Linolenic_acid
cyclic_relationship: is_conjugate_acid_of CHEBI:32391
G
Akr1c1
aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of AKR1C1 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr17:65,810,474...65,837,385
Ensembl chr17:65,810,475...65,837,326
G
Apoh
apolipoprotein H
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of APOH mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr10:93,342,435...93,356,334
Ensembl chr10:93,310,977...93,356,329
G
Ar
androgen receptor
multiple interactions
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid inhibits the reaction [Metribolone results in increased activity of AR protein]
CTD
PMID:18324785
NCBI chr X:63,104,771...63,273,934
Ensembl chr X:63,104,771...63,273,925
G
Asah1
N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of ASAH1 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr16:50,966,404...50,997,827
Ensembl chr16:50,966,229...51,008,233
G
Casp3
caspase 3
increases activity
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased activity of CASP3 protein
CTD
PMID:16857180
NCBI chr16:45,662,910...45,681,171
Ensembl chr16:45,662,910...45,684,648
G
Ccna2
cyclin A2
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of CCNA2 protein
CTD
PMID:15318936
NCBI chr 2:119,427,239...119,433,645
Ensembl chr 2:119,426,089...119,433,577
G
Ccne1
cyclin E1
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of CCNE1 protein
CTD
PMID:15318936
NCBI chr 1:90,781,947...90,791,188
Ensembl chr 1:90,781,949...90,791,101
G
Cdk1
cyclin-dependent kinase 1
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of CDK1 protein
CTD
PMID:15318936
NCBI chr20:19,266,226...19,281,417
Ensembl chr20:19,266,248...19,281,408
G
Cldn5
claudin 5
multiple interactions
ISO
[gamma-Linolenic Acid co-treated with Iodine co-treated with Selenium] results in increased expression of and results in increased localization of CLDN5 protein; [gamma-Linolenic Acid co-treated with Iodine] results in increased expression of and results in increased localization of CLDN5 protein; [Selenium co-treated with gamma-Linolenic Acid] results in increased expression of and results in increased localization of CLDN5 protein; gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of and results in increased localization of CLDN5 protein
CTD
PMID:16514648
NCBI chr11:82,212,822...82,214,248
Ensembl chr11:82,211,475...82,214,992
G
Clta
clathrin, light chain A
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of CLTA mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 5:58,244,253...58,263,480
Ensembl chr 5:58,245,442...58,263,472
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Fth1
ferritin heavy chain 1
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of FTH1 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 1:206,627,142...206,629,430
Ensembl chr 1:206,627,103...206,725,424
G
Gclc
glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit
increases activity increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased activity of GCLC protein gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of GCLC mRNA
CTD
PMID:17092368
NCBI chr 8:78,629,899...78,668,547
Ensembl chr 8:78,630,127...78,668,544
G
Grk5
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of GRK5 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 1:260,028,269...260,223,699
Ensembl chr 1:260,028,242...260,218,701
G
Hexb
hexosaminidase subunit beta
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of HEXB mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 2:28,483,997...28,504,165
Ensembl chr 2:28,484,012...28,504,223
G
Hmox1
heme oxygenase 1
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of HMOX1 mRNA; gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of HMOX1 protein
CTD
PMID:17092368 PMID:20664735
NCBI chr19:13,466,287...13,474,082
Ensembl chr19:13,467,244...13,474,079
G
Il2
interleukin 2
affects expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid affects the expression of IL2 protein
CTD
PMID:9415022
NCBI chr 2:120,004,862...120,009,566
Ensembl chr 2:120,004,862...120,009,566
G
Junb
JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of JUNB protein
CTD
PMID:15318936
NCBI chr19:23,176,265...23,178,049
Ensembl chr19:23,176,294...23,178,035
G
Kynu
kynureninase
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of KYNU mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 3:27,778,646...27,929,470
Ensembl chr 3:27,778,772...27,929,488
G
LOC103690190
histone H2A type 1-E
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of H2AC6 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr17:42,707,863...42,708,420
G
Mapk3
mitogen activated protein kinase 3
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of MAPK3 protein
CTD
PMID:15318936
NCBI chr 1:181,366,646...181,372,863
Ensembl chr 1:181,366,637...181,372,863
G
Mmp11
matrix metallopeptidase 11
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of MMP11 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr20:12,730,846...12,739,629
Ensembl chr20:12,730,836...12,739,628
G
Myc
MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of MYC protein
CTD
PMID:15318936
NCBI chr 7:93,593,705...93,598,633
Ensembl chr 7:93,593,705...93,598,630
G
Ocln
occludin
multiple interactions
ISO
[gamma-Linolenic Acid co-treated with Iodine co-treated with Selenium] results in increased expression of and results in increased localization of OCLN protein; [gamma-Linolenic Acid co-treated with Iodine] results in increased expression of and results in increased localization of OCLN protein; [Selenium co-treated with gamma-Linolenic Acid] results in increased expression of and results in increased localization of OCLN protein; gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of and results in increased localization of OCLN protein
CTD
PMID:16514648
NCBI chr 2:31,657,217...31,707,466
Ensembl chr 2:31,657,220...31,764,150
G
Parp1
poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1
increases cleavage
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased cleavage of PARP1 protein
CTD
PMID:10403056
NCBI chr13:92,307,593...92,339,406
Ensembl chr13:92,307,586...92,339,404
G
Pcna
proliferating cell nuclear antigen
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of PCNA mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 3:119,499,039...119,502,911
Ensembl chr 3:119,498,810...119,502,995
G
Pdlim1
PDZ and LIM domain 1
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of PDLIM1 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 1:239,042,372...239,091,074
Ensembl chr 1:239,042,385...239,091,076
G
Plin2
perilipin 2
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of PLIN2 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 5:101,156,643...101,211,738
Ensembl chr 5:101,154,411...101,242,319
G
Ppara
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha
multiple interactions
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid binds to and results in increased activity of PPARA protein
CTD
PMID:10403814
NCBI chr 7:116,832,405...116,900,878
Ensembl chr 7:116,832,756...116,895,346
G
Pparg
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
multiple interactions
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid binds to and results in increased activity of PPARG protein
CTD
PMID:15318936
NCBI chr 4:148,423,102...148,548,471
Ensembl chr 4:148,423,194...148,548,468
G
Ptgr1
prostaglandin reductase 1
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of PTGR1 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 5:73,784,000...73,802,624
Ensembl chr 5:73,784,009...73,802,666
G
Ptgs2
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of PTGS2 mRNA
CTD
PMID:17092368
NCBI chr13:62,164,080...62,169,770
Ensembl chr13:62,163,932...62,172,188
G
Skp2
S-phase kinase associated protein 2
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of SKP2 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 2:58,161,226...58,189,293
Ensembl chr 2:58,161,229...58,189,338
G
Slc3a2
solute carrier family 3 member 2
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of SLC3A2 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 1:205,604,468...205,618,931
Ensembl chr 1:205,604,468...205,618,931
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St13
ST13, Hsp70 interacting protein
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of ST13 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 7:112,891,007...112,925,727
Ensembl chr 7:112,844,375...112,925,945
G
Tff3
trefoil factor 3
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of TFF3 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr20:9,193,259...9,197,969
Ensembl chr20:9,193,262...9,198,054
G
Tjp1
tight junction protein 1
multiple interactions
ISO
[gamma-Linolenic Acid co-treated with Iodine co-treated with Selenium] results in increased expression of and results in increased localization of TJP1 protein
CTD
PMID:16514648
NCBI chr 1:118,849,838...119,094,492
Ensembl chr 1:118,849,838...119,094,432
G
Tnf
tumor necrosis factor
decreases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in decreased expression of TNF protein
CTD
PMID:9415022
NCBI chr20:3,622,011...3,624,629
Ensembl chr20:3,622,011...3,624,629
G
Trpv1
transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1
multiple interactions
EXP
gamma-Linolenic Acid inhibits the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased activity of TRPV1 protein]
CTD
PMID:17038422
NCBI chr10:57,851,428...57,876,513
Ensembl chr10:57,851,428...57,876,513
G
Txn1
thioredoxin 1
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of TXN mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 5:72,712,334...72,724,564
Ensembl chr 5:72,711,933...72,724,629
G
Txnrd1
thioredoxin reductase 1
increases expression
ISO
gamma-Linolenic Acid results in increased expression of TXNRD1 mRNA
CTD
PMID:20664735
NCBI chr 7:20,830,042...20,914,990
Ensembl chr 7:20,830,045...20,907,863
Term paths to the root one shortest all shortest one longest all longest one shortest and longest all
Path 1
CHEBI ontology
19818
role
19790
biological role
19788
biochemical role
19501
metabolite
19486
eukaryotic metabolite
19284
plant metabolite
17891
gamma-linolenic acid
40
1-(gamma-linolenoyl)-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate
0
1-(gamma-linolenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate
0
1-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-2-[(15Z)-tetracosenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-2-[(9Z)-octadecenoyl]-snglycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-[(9Z)-octadecenoyl]-2-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-hexadecyl-2-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-octadecanoyl-2-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-palmitoyl-2-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-tetracosyl-2-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
10(R)-HPO(6,8,12)TrE
0
10-HPO(6,8,12)TrE +
0
cholesteryl gamma-linolenate
0
gamma-linolenoyl bioconjugate +
0
gamma-linolenoyl group
0
gamma-linolenoyl-CoA
0
gamma-linolenoyl-containing glycerolipid +
0
methyl gamma-linolenate
0
Path 2
CHEBI ontology
19818
subatomic particle
19816
composite particle
19816
hadron
19816
baryon
19816
nucleon
19816
atomic nucleus
19816
atom
19816
main group element atom
19761
p-block element atom
19761
carbon group element atom
19703
carbon atom
19698
organic molecular entity
19698
organic group
18905
organic divalent group
18887
organodiyl group
18887
carbonyl group
18853
carbonyl compound
18853
carboxylic acid
18569
monocarboxylic acid
17903
fatty acid
16560
unsaturated fatty acid
978
polyunsaturated fatty acid
717
trienoic fatty acid
121
fatty acid 18:3
107
octadecatrienoic acid
107
linolenic acid
104
gamma-linolenic acid
40
1-(gamma-linolenoyl)-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate
0
1-(gamma-linolenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate
0
1-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-2-[(15Z)-tetracosenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-2-[(9Z)-octadecenoyl]-snglycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-[(9Z)-octadecenoyl]-2-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-hexadecyl-2-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-octadecanoyl-2-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-palmitoyl-2-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
1-tetracosyl-2-[(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
0
10(R)-HPO(6,8,12)TrE
0
10-HPO(6,8,12)TrE +
0
cholesteryl gamma-linolenate
0
gamma-linolenoyl bioconjugate +
0
gamma-linolenoyl group
0
gamma-linolenoyl-CoA
0
gamma-linolenoyl-containing glycerolipid +
0
methyl gamma-linolenate
0