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CHEBI ONTOLOGY - ANNOTATIONS

The Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) ontology is downloaded weekly from EMBL-EBI at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/. The data is made available under the Creative Commons License (CC BY 3.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). For more information see: Degtyarenko et al. (2008) ChEBI: a database and ontology for chemical entities of biological interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D344–D350.
Term:butyrate
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Accession:CHEBI:17968 term browser browse the term
Definition:A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.
Synonyms:related_synonym: 1-butanoate;   1-butyrate;   1-propanecarboxylate;   CH3-[CH2]2-COO(-);   Formula=C4H7O2;   InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,5,6)/p-1;   InChIKey=FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M;   SMILES=CCCC([O-])=O;   butanate;   butanoate;   butanoic acid, ion(1-);   n-butanoate;   n-butyrate;   propanecarboxylate;   propylformate
 alt_id: CHEBI:13924;   CHEBI:22946
 xref: CAS:461-55-2;   Gmelin:324289;   KEGG:C00246;   MetaCyc:BUTYRIC_ACID;   PMID:17190852;   PMID:7496326;   Reaxys:3601060;   UM-BBD_compID:c0035
 cyclic_relationship: is_conjugate_base_of CHEBI:30772


show annotations for term's descendants           Sort by:
(R)-carnitine term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Acaca acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha decreases expression EXP Carnitine results in decreased expression of ACACA protein CTD PMID:25669660 NCBI chr10:69,014,261...69,276,453
Ensembl chr10:69,014,170...69,276,457 		JBrowse link
G Acacb acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta decreases expression EXP Carnitine results in decreased expression of ACACB protein CTD PMID:25669660 NCBI chr12:42,365,800...42,477,651
Ensembl chr12:42,366,548...42,457,655 		JBrowse link
G Adipoq adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing increases expression EXP Carnitine results in increased expression of ADIPOQ protein CTD PMID:30256492 NCBI chr11:77,721,912...77,735,644
Ensembl chr11:77,721,912...77,735,564 		JBrowse link
G Akt1 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 multiple interactions
increases phosphorylation 		EXP 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one inhibits the reaction [Carnitine results in increased phosphorylation of AKT1 protein] CTD PMID:29186614 NCBI chr 6:137,534,810...137,555,131
Ensembl chr 6:131,713,720...131,733,921 		JBrowse link
G App amyloid beta precursor protein multiple interactions ISO Carnitine promotes the reaction [Paraquat deficiency inhibits the reaction [Paraquat promotes the reaction [APP protein binds to APP protein]]] CTD PMID:33290254 NCBI chr11:24,019,774...24,236,584
Ensembl chr11:24,019,778...24,236,561 		JBrowse link
G Bax BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator decreases expression
multiple interactions 		EXP Carnitine results in decreased expression of BAX protein
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one inhibits the reaction [Carnitine results in decreased expression of BAX protein]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Atrazine results in increased expression of BAX mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Methotrexate results in increased expression of BAX protein] 		CTD PMID:29186614 PMID:36282381 PMID:37312617 NCBI chr 1:105,076,472...105,081,906
Ensembl chr 1:95,938,808...95,945,368 		JBrowse link
G Bbox1 gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase 1 multiple interactions
increases chemical synthesis 		ISO Aluminum inhibits the reaction [BBOX1 protein results in increased chemical synthesis of Carnitine]; Hydrogen Peroxide inhibits the reaction [BBOX1 protein results in increased chemical synthesis of Carnitine]; Ketoglutaric Acids inhibits the reaction [Aluminum inhibits the reaction [BBOX1 protein results in increased chemical synthesis of Carnitine]]; Ketoglutaric Acids inhibits the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide inhibits the reaction [BBOX1 protein results in increased chemical synthesis of Carnitine]] CTD PMID:21439360 NCBI chr 3:96,822,654...96,871,786
Ensembl chr 3:96,822,655...96,871,458 		JBrowse link
G Bcl2 BCL2, apoptosis regulator multiple interactions
increases phosphorylation 		EXP 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one inhibits the reaction [Carnitine results in increased phosphorylation of BCL2 protein]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Atrazine results in decreased expression of BCL2 mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Ifosfamide results in decreased expression of BCL2 mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Methotrexate results in decreased expression of BCL2 protein] CTD PMID:23213347 PMID:29186614 PMID:36282381 PMID:37312617 NCBI chr13:23,204,464...23,366,900
Ensembl chr13:22,684,989...22,853,743
Ensembl chr13:22,684,989...22,853,743 		JBrowse link
G Bcl2l1 Bcl2-like 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Gentamicins results in decreased expression of BCL2L1 protein] CTD PMID:19491382 NCBI chr 3:141,253,508...141,304,582
Ensembl chr 3:141,253,523...141,303,479
Ensembl chr 1:141,253,523...141,303,479 		JBrowse link
G Casp3 caspase 3 multiple interactions
increases expression 		EXP
ISO 		Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Atrazine results in increased expression of CASP3 mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Gentamicins results in increased cleavage of CASP3 protein]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Ifosfamide results in increased expression of CASP3 mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Iohexol promotes the reaction [Glycerol results in increased expression of CASP3 mRNA]]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Methotrexate results in increased expression of CASP3 protein]
Carnitine results in increased expression of CASP3 protein
Carnitine inhibits the reaction [quinone results in increased activity of CASP3 protein] 		CTD PMID:19491382 PMID:23213347 PMID:25669660 PMID:26562095 PMID:32478940 More... NCBI chr16:52,395,539...52,413,794
Ensembl chr16:45,662,910...45,684,648 		JBrowse link
G Casp8 caspase 8 multiple interactions ISO Carnitine inhibits the reaction [quinone results in increased activity of CASP8 protein] CTD PMID:32478940 NCBI chr 9:67,747,109...67,806,699
Ensembl chr 9:60,264,075...60,312,542 		JBrowse link
G Casp9 caspase 9 multiple interactions EXP
ISO 		Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Ifosfamide results in increased expression of CASP9 mRNA]
Carnitine inhibits the reaction [quinone results in increased activity of CASP9 protein] 		CTD PMID:23213347 PMID:32478940 Ensembl chr 5:154,109,046...154,126,626 JBrowse link
G Cat catalase multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Diethylnitrosamine results in decreased activity of CAT protein]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in decreased activity of CAT protein]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Ifosfamide results in decreased expression of CAT mRNA] CTD PMID:16889571 PMID:19294768 PMID:23213347 NCBI chr 3:110,297,340...110,329,526
Ensembl chr 3:89,842,399...89,874,478 		JBrowse link
G Ccn2 cellular communication network factor 2 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Sunitinib results in increased expression of CCN2 mRNA] CTD PMID:26581635 NCBI chr 1:20,802,199...20,805,315
Ensembl chr 1:20,802,199...20,805,734 		JBrowse link
G Cdh1 cadherin 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [perfluorooctane sulfonic acid results in decreased expression of CDH1 protein] CTD PMID:28973641 NCBI chr19:34,492,371...34,561,775
Ensembl chr19:34,492,371...34,561,775 		JBrowse link
G Col1a1 collagen type I alpha 1 chain multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [perfluorooctane sulfonic acid results in increased expression of COL1A1 mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Sunitinib results in increased expression of COL1A1 mRNA] CTD PMID:26581635 PMID:28973641 NCBI chr10:79,883,622...79,900,625
Ensembl chr10:79,883,622...79,900,624 		JBrowse link
G Col2a1 collagen type II alpha 1 chain multiple interactions EXP [COL2A1 protein co-treated with Freund's Adjuvant] affects the abundance of Carnitine; [geniposide co-treated with phellodendrine co-treated with magnoflorine co-treated with Chlorogenic Acid co-treated with crocin co-treated with Flavonoids co-treated with Berberine Alkaloids] inhibits the reaction [[COL2A1 protein co-treated with Freund's Adjuvant] results in increased abundance of Carnitine]; Dexamethasone inhibits the reaction [[COL2A1 protein co-treated with Freund's Adjuvant] results in increased abundance of Carnitine]; huang-lien-chieh-tu-tang inhibits the reaction [[COL2A1 protein co-treated with Freund's Adjuvant] results in increased abundance of Carnitine] CTD PMID:24709313 NCBI chr 7:129,098,489...129,127,560
Ensembl chr 7:129,098,786...129,127,546 		JBrowse link
G Cpt1a carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A multiple interactions EXP
ISO 		valproyl-coenzyme A inhibits the reaction [CPT1A protein results in increased metabolism of Carnitine]
[Doxorubicin co-treated with Carnitine] results in increased expression of CPT1A mRNA; [Genistein co-treated with Carnitine] results in increased expression of CPT1A protein; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [quinone results in decreased expression of CPT1A protein] 		CTD PMID:16283381 PMID:16362726 PMID:19854160 PMID:32478940 NCBI chr 1:209,993,881...210,056,329
Ensembl chr 1:200,565,613...200,627,055 		JBrowse link
G Cpt2 carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 multiple interactions
increases expression 		ISO
EXP 		Carnitine promotes the reaction [[Bezafibrate results in increased activity of CPT2 protein] which results in increased abundance of Adenosine Triphosphate]
Carnitine results in increased expression of CPT2 protein 		CTD PMID:21816645 PMID:25669660 NCBI chr 5:127,893,450...127,911,347
Ensembl chr 5:122,664,677...122,682,095 		JBrowse link
G Cybb cytochrome b-245 beta chain multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Sunitinib results in increased expression of CYBB mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Sunitinib results in increased expression of CYBB protein] CTD PMID:26581635 NCBI chr  X:13,358,101...13,392,570
Ensembl chr  X:13,359,430...13,392,586 		JBrowse link
G Cyp17a1 cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Atrazine results in decreased expression of CYP17A1 mRNA] CTD PMID:29710542 NCBI chr 1:245,535,462...245,543,148
Ensembl chr 1:245,535,462...245,541,573 		JBrowse link
G Cyp2e1 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine promotes the reaction [Ethanol results in increased expression of CYP2E1 protein] CTD PMID:8130774 NCBI chr 1:195,840,330...195,850,728
Ensembl chr 1:195,840,058...195,864,023 		JBrowse link
G Fabp3 fatty acid binding protein 3 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in decreased expression of FABP3 mRNA] CTD PMID:20470772 NCBI chr 5:142,651,962...142,658,707
Ensembl chr 5:142,651,956...142,658,718 		JBrowse link
G Fabp9 fatty acid binding protein 9 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in decreased expression of FABP9 mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in decreased expression of FABP9 protein] CTD PMID:33965443 NCBI chr 2:91,591,842...91,595,873
Ensembl chr 2:91,592,298...91,595,873 		JBrowse link
G Fasn fatty acid synthase decreases expression EXP Carnitine results in decreased expression of FASN protein CTD PMID:25669660 NCBI chr10:106,570,415...106,588,581
Ensembl chr10:106,072,091...106,090,261 		JBrowse link
G Fshb follicle stimulating hormone subunit beta multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in decreased expression of FSHB protein] CTD PMID:33965443 NCBI chr 3:93,548,560...93,552,370
Ensembl chr 3:93,548,560...93,552,370 		JBrowse link
G Gdf9 growth differentiation factor 9 multiple interactions
increases expression 		ISO Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of GDF9 mRNA]
Carnitine results in increased expression of GDF9 mRNA 		CTD PMID:37863343 NCBI chr10:37,589,200...37,599,970
Ensembl chr10:37,595,679...37,599,672 		JBrowse link
G Gfap glial fibrillary acidic protein multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Atrazine results in increased expression of GFAP protein] CTD PMID:36282381 NCBI chr10:87,852,891...87,861,631
Ensembl chr10:87,852,890...87,861,589 		JBrowse link
G Gja1 gap junction protein, alpha 1 multiple interactions
increases expression 		ISO Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of GJA1 mRNA]
Carnitine results in increased expression of GJA1 mRNA 		CTD PMID:37863343 NCBI chr20:36,302,490...36,315,010
Ensembl chr20:35,755,991...35,768,582 		JBrowse link
G Gja4 gap junction protein, alpha 4 increases expression
multiple interactions 		ISO Carnitine results in increased expression of GJA4 mRNA
Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of GJA4 mRNA] 		CTD PMID:37863343 NCBI chr 5:139,633,324...139,635,857
Ensembl chr 5:139,633,287...139,635,925 		JBrowse link
G Gpt glutamic--pyruvic transaminase multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Atrazine results in increased activity of GPT protein] CTD PMID:36282381 NCBI chr 7:108,416,646...108,419,495
Ensembl chr 7:108,416,642...108,419,494 		JBrowse link
G Gpx1 glutathione peroxidase 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Ifosfamide results in decreased expression of GPX1 mRNA] CTD PMID:23213347 NCBI chr 8:109,026,905...109,028,031
Ensembl chr 8:109,026,905...109,028,024 		JBrowse link
G Hadha hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit alpha multiple interactions ISO Carnitine inhibits the reaction [quinone results in decreased expression of HADHA protein] CTD PMID:32478940 NCBI chr 6:31,907,801...31,947,434
Ensembl chr 6:26,187,956...26,227,869 		JBrowse link
G Has2 hyaluronan synthase 2 multiple interactions
increases expression 		ISO Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of HAS2 mRNA]
Carnitine results in increased expression of HAS2 mRNA 		CTD PMID:37863343 NCBI chr 7:88,113,326...88,139,337
Ensembl chr 7:88,113,326...88,128,933 		JBrowse link
G Hmox1 heme oxygenase 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Methotrexate results in decreased expression of HMOX1 protein] CTD PMID:37312617 NCBI chr19:13,466,287...13,474,082
Ensembl chr19:13,467,244...13,474,079 		JBrowse link
G Hrk harakiri, BCL2 interacting protein multiple interactions ISO Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Gentamicins results in increased expression of HRK mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Gentamicins results in increased expression of HRK protein] CTD PMID:16239342 NCBI chr12:38,387,484...38,409,652 JBrowse link
G Hspa2 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 2 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Cadmium Chloride results in increased expression of HSPA2 protein] CTD PMID:22359436 NCBI chr 6:95,128,504...95,131,281
Ensembl chr 6:95,128,350...95,131,287 		JBrowse link
G Idh2 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2 multiple interactions
increases abundance 		ISO Triazines inhibits the reaction [IDH2 protein mutant form results in increased abundance of Carnitine] CTD PMID:27469509 NCBI chr 1:134,038,644...134,057,969
Ensembl chr 1:134,029,772...134,058,025 		JBrowse link
G Il10 interleukin 10 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in decreased expression of IL10 protein]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Sunitinib results in decreased expression of IL10 mRNA] CTD PMID:26581635 PMID:33965443 NCBI chr13:42,472,625...42,477,308
Ensembl chr13:42,472,839...42,477,313 		JBrowse link
G Il18 interleukin 18 increases expression EXP Carnitine results in increased expression of IL18 protein CTD PMID:25669660 NCBI chr 8:50,904,630...50,932,887
Ensembl chr 8:50,906,960...50,932,887 		JBrowse link
G Il1b interleukin 1 beta multiple interactions
increases expression 		EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Iohexol promotes the reaction [Glycerol results in increased expression of IL1B mRNA]]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [sunitinib results in increased expression of IL1B mRNA]
Carnitine results in increased expression of IL1B protein 		CTD PMID:25669660 PMID:26562095 PMID:26581635 NCBI chr 3:116,577,005...116,583,386
Ensembl chr 3:116,577,010...116,583,415 		JBrowse link
G Il6 interleukin 6 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in increased expression of IL6 protein]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Methotrexate results in increased expression of IL6 protein]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Sunitinib results in increased expression of IL6 mRNA] CTD PMID:26581635 PMID:33965443 PMID:37312617 NCBI chr 4:5,214,602...5,219,178
Ensembl chr 4:5,213,394...5,219,178 		JBrowse link
G Ins1 insulin 1 decreases uptake
multiple interactions 		ISO
EXP 		INS1 protein results in decreased uptake of Carnitine
Carnitine inhibits the reaction [[Dietary Fats co-treated with Fructose] results in increased secretion of INS1 protein] 		CTD PMID:28298333 PMID:30256492 NCBI chr 1:251,244,973...251,245,540
Ensembl chr 1:251,244,973...251,245,536 		JBrowse link
G Ldha lactate dehydrogenase A multiple interactions ISO Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in increased activity of LDHA protein] CTD PMID:37453608 NCBI chr 1:97,371,823...97,381,247
Ensembl chr 1:97,366,021...97,433,472 		JBrowse link
G Lepr leptin receptor affects abundance ISO LEPR affects the abundance of Carnitine CTD PMID:20567778 NCBI chr 5:116,294,409...116,477,904
Ensembl chr 5:116,289,823...116,475,908 		JBrowse link
G Lhb luteinizing hormone subunit beta multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in decreased expression of LHB protein] CTD PMID:33965443 NCBI chr 1:95,898,269...95,901,973
Ensembl chr 1:95,900,984...95,901,972
Ensembl chr 1:95,900,984...95,901,972 		JBrowse link
G Mmp9 matrix metallopeptidase 9 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [sunitinib results in decreased expression of MMP9 mRNA] CTD PMID:26581635 NCBI chr 3:153,684,158...153,692,118
Ensembl chr 3:153,683,858...153,692,120 		JBrowse link
G Mpo myeloperoxidase multiple interactions
increases activity 		EXP [Carboplatin co-treated with Carnitine deficiency] results in increased expression of MPO protein; Acetaminophen promotes the reaction [Carnitine deficiency results in increased activity of MPO protein] CTD PMID:18597074 PMID:18852009 NCBI chr10:72,594,883...72,608,862
Ensembl chr10:72,594,661...72,604,819 		JBrowse link
G Mt-co1 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I multiple interactions ISO Carnitine inhibits the reaction [nickel chloride results in decreased expression of COX1 mRNA] CTD PMID:21419151 NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
Ensembl chr MT:5,323...6,867 		JBrowse link
G Mt-nd6 mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 6 multiple interactions ISO Carnitine inhibits the reaction [nickel chloride results in decreased expression of ND6 mRNA] CTD PMID:21419151 NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
NCBI chr MT:13,543...14,061
Ensembl chr MT:13,543...14,061 		JBrowse link
G Mttp microsomal triglyceride transfer protein multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Stavudine results in decreased expression of MTTP mRNA] CTD PMID:18299183 NCBI chr 2:226,613,090...226,654,239
Ensembl chr 2:226,613,090...226,654,239 		JBrowse link
G Nfe2l2 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Methotrexate results in decreased expression of NFE2L2 protein] CTD PMID:37312617 NCBI chr 3:60,594,239...60,621,712
Ensembl chr 3:60,594,242...60,621,737 		JBrowse link
G Nlrp3 NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 increases expression EXP Carnitine results in increased expression of NLRP3 protein CTD PMID:25669660 NCBI chr10:44,326,770...44,353,814
Ensembl chr10:44,328,566...44,352,811 		JBrowse link
G Nos2 nitric oxide synthase 2 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in increased expression of NOS2 protein]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Ifosfamide results in increased expression of NOS2 mRNA] CTD PMID:23213347 PMID:33965443 NCBI chr10:63,815,308...63,851,208
Ensembl chr10:63,815,308...63,851,210 		JBrowse link
G Nos3 nitric oxide synthase 3 increases expression EXP Carnitine results in increased expression of NOS3 CTD PMID:20123095 NCBI chr 4:10,793,834...10,814,170
Ensembl chr 4:10,793,834...10,814,166 		JBrowse link
G Ocln occludin multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in decreased expression of OCLN protein] CTD PMID:33965443 NCBI chr 2:31,657,217...31,707,466
Ensembl chr 2:31,657,220...31,764,150 		JBrowse link
G Ppara peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha multiple interactions
increases expression
increases activity 		EXP [pirinixic acid results in increased activity of PPARA protein] promotes the reaction [SLC22A21 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; PPARA protein promotes the reaction [Carnitine results in decreased susceptibility to Gentamicins]
Carnitine results in increased expression of PPARA protein
Carnitine results in increased activity of PPARA protein 		CTD PMID:19491382 PMID:19735737 PMID:25669660 NCBI chr 7:116,832,405...116,900,878
Ensembl chr 7:116,832,756...116,895,346 		JBrowse link
G Pparg peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma increases expression
multiple interactions 		EXP Carnitine results in increased expression of PPARG protein
Carnitine inhibits the reaction [[Dietary Fats co-treated with Fructose] results in decreased expression of PPARG protein] 		CTD PMID:30256492 NCBI chr 4:148,423,102...148,548,471
Ensembl chr 4:148,423,194...148,548,468 		JBrowse link
G Ppargc1a PPARG coactivator 1 alpha multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Methotrexate results in decreased expression of PPARGC1A protein] CTD PMID:37312617 NCBI chr14:58,860,752...59,516,525
Ensembl chr14:58,861,144...59,512,656 		JBrowse link
G Ptgis prostaglandin I2 synthase increases expression
increases response to substance
multiple interactions 		EXP Carnitine results in increased expression of PTGIS mRNA
PTGIS protein results in increased susceptibility to Carnitine
[Carnitine results in increased expression of PTGIS mRNA] which results in increased chemical synthesis of 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha 		CTD PMID:19491382 NCBI chr 3:155,928,564...155,964,228
Ensembl chr 3:155,916,412...155,965,451 		JBrowse link
G Pycard PYD and CARD domain containing increases expression EXP Carnitine results in increased expression of PYCARD protein CTD PMID:25669660 NCBI chr 1:182,601,657...182,603,013
Ensembl chr 1:182,601,174...182,602,955 		JBrowse link
G Rela RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in increased expression of RELA protein] CTD PMID:33965443 NCBI chr 1:202,925,001...202,935,484
Ensembl chr 1:202,924,945...202,935,484 		JBrowse link
G Scd stearoyl-CoA desaturase decreases expression EXP Carnitine results in decreased expression of SCD protein CTD PMID:25669660 NCBI chr 1:253,218,968...253,232,101
Ensembl chr 1:243,269,747...243,282,562 		JBrowse link
G Sirt1 sirtuin 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Methotrexate results in decreased expression of SIRT1 protein] CTD PMID:37312617 NCBI chr20:25,305,953...25,328,000
Ensembl chr20:25,306,917...25,329,260 		JBrowse link
G Sirt3 sirtuin 3 multiple interactions ISO Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in increased expression of SIRT3 mRNA] CTD PMID:37863343 NCBI chr 1:205,371,703...205,394,145
Ensembl chr 1:195,942,073...195,964,808 		JBrowse link
G Slc22a1 solute carrier family 22 member 1 decreases expression EXP Carnitine results in decreased expression of SLC22A1 protein CTD PMID:25669660 NCBI chr 1:48,076,657...48,103,679
Ensembl chr 1:48,076,666...48,103,678 		JBrowse link
G Slc22a2 solute carrier family 22 member 2 decreases expression EXP Carnitine results in decreased expression of SLC22A2 protein CTD PMID:25669660 NCBI chr 1:48,121,061...48,163,268
Ensembl chr 1:48,121,061...48,163,268 		JBrowse link
G Slc22a21 solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 21 multiple interactions
increases uptake 		EXP [pirinixic acid results in increased activity of PPARA protein] promotes the reaction [SLC22A21 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine] CTD PMID:19735737 NCBI chr10:38,104,114...38,133,106
Ensembl chr10:38,104,122...38,130,671 		JBrowse link
G Slc22a4 solute carrier family 22 member 4 increases uptake
decreases expression 		ISO
EXP 		SLC22A4 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine
Carnitine results in decreased expression of SLC22A4 protein 		CTD PMID:21256917 PMID:25669660 PMID:33007874 NCBI chr10:38,133,333...38,179,932
Ensembl chr10:38,133,322...38,179,720 		JBrowse link
G Slc22a5 solute carrier family 22 member 5 multiple interactions
affects expression
decreases expression
increases transport
increases uptake
increases expression
affects uptake
affects binding 		ISO
EXP 		[Doxorubicin co-treated with Carnitine] results in increased expression of SLC22A5 mRNA; Amiodarone inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Atorvastatin inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Betaine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased abundance of Doxorubicin]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased transport of pivaloylcarnitine]; Choline inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Clozapine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; grepafloxacin affects the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Ipratropium inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Lidocaine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Nifedipine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Ofloxacin inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Olanzapine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine analog]; pivaloylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased transport of Carnitine]; Propranolol inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Quetiapine Fumarate inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Spironolactone inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; talinolol inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; ziprasidone inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]
Carnitine affects the expression of SLC22A5 protein
Carnitine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased abundance of and results in increased localization of Doxorubicin]
Carnitine results in decreased expression of SLC22A5 mRNA; Carnitine results in decreased expression of SLC22A5 protein
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of SLC22A5 mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of SLC22A5 protein]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Doxorubicin results in decreased expression of SLC22A5 mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Tetraethylammonium]; Dithioerythritol inhibits the reaction [Omeprazole inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased transport of Carnitine]]; Ofloxacin inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]; Omeprazole inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased transport of Carnitine]; Tetraethylammonium inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine]
Carnitine deficiency results in increased expression of SLC22A5 mRNA
SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine; SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of Carnitine analog
SLC22A5 protein affects the uptake of Carnitine
Carnitine binds to SLC22A5 protein 		CTD PMID:12644265 PMID:15486076 PMID:16283381 PMID:16928358 PMID:18762717 More... NCBI chr10:38,008,303...38,035,474
Ensembl chr10:38,008,311...38,035,309 		JBrowse link
G Slc22a8 solute carrier family 22 member 8 increases transport ISO SLC22A8 protein results in increased transport of Carnitine CTD PMID:15100168 NCBI chr 1:205,496,331...205,516,378
Ensembl chr 1:205,498,084...205,517,450 		JBrowse link
G Slc25a20 solute carrier family 25 member 20 multiple interactions
increases transport 		EXP Ampicillin inhibits the reaction [SLC25A20 protein results in increased transport of Carnitine]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide results in decreased activity of SLC25A20 protein]; Cefazolin inhibits the reaction [SLC25A20 protein results in increased transport of Carnitine]; Cefonicid inhibits the reaction [SLC25A20 protein results in increased transport of Carnitine]; Cephalothin inhibits the reaction [SLC25A20 protein results in increased transport of Carnitine]; Piperacillin inhibits the reaction [SLC25A20 protein results in increased transport of Carnitine] CTD PMID:18452908 PMID:23402788 NCBI chr 8:109,365,056...109,386,512
Ensembl chr 8:109,365,002...109,386,512 		JBrowse link
G Slc2a4 solute carrier family 2 member 4 increases expression
multiple interactions 		EXP Carnitine results in increased expression of SLC2A4 protein
Carnitine inhibits the reaction [[Dietary Fats co-treated with Fructose] results in decreased expression of SLC2A4 protein] 		CTD PMID:30256492 NCBI chr10:54,666,015...54,671,581
Ensembl chr10:54,666,015...54,671,565 		JBrowse link
G Snai1 snail family transcriptional repressor 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [perfluorooctane sulfonic acid results in increased expression of SNAI1 protein] CTD PMID:28973641 NCBI chr 3:156,248,479...156,252,969
Ensembl chr 3:156,248,485...156,252,969 		JBrowse link
G Srebf1 sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 multiple interactions
decreases expression 		EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Stavudine results in increased expression of SREBF1 mRNA]
Carnitine results in decreased expression of SREBF1 protein 		CTD PMID:18299183 PMID:25669660 NCBI chr10:45,007,637...45,029,650
Ensembl chr10:45,007,637...45,029,650 		JBrowse link
G Star steroidogenic acute regulatory protein multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in decreased expression of STAR mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in decreased expression of STAR protein] CTD PMID:33965443 NCBI chr16:66,267,094...66,274,368
Ensembl chr16:66,264,807...66,271,672 		JBrowse link
G Tgfb1 transforming growth factor, beta 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Iohexol promotes the reaction [Glycerol results in increased expression of TGFB1 mRNA]]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [perfluorooctane sulfonic acid results in increased expression of TGFB1 mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [sunitinib results in increased expression of TGFB1 mRNA] CTD PMID:26562095 PMID:26581635 PMID:28973641 NCBI chr 1:90,324,312...90,340,627
Ensembl chr 1:81,196,532...81,212,847 		JBrowse link
G Timp1 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [sunitinib results in increased expression of TIMP1 mRNA] CTD PMID:26581635 NCBI chr  X:1,212,969...1,217,714
Ensembl chr  X:1,212,972...1,217,664 		JBrowse link
G Tjp1 tight junction protein 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [perfluorooctane sulfonic acid results in decreased expression of TJP1 protein] CTD PMID:28973641 NCBI chr 1:118,849,838...119,094,492
Ensembl chr 1:118,849,838...119,094,432 		JBrowse link
G Tnf tumor necrosis factor increases expression
multiple interactions
decreases expression 		EXP Carnitine deficiency results in increased expression of TNF mRNA
[Carboplatin co-treated with Carnitine deficiency] results in increased expression of TNF protein; Acetaminophen promotes the reaction [Carnitine deficiency results in increased expression of TNF mRNA]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [carbendazim results in increased expression of TNF protein]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Iohexol promotes the reaction [Glycerol results in increased expression of TNF mRNA]]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Iohexol promotes the reaction [Glycerol results in increased expression of TNF protein]]; Carnitine inhibits the reaction [Methotrexate results in increased expression of TNF protein]
Carnitine results in decreased expression of TNF protein 		CTD PMID:18597074 PMID:18629605 PMID:18852009 PMID:26562095 PMID:33965443 More... NCBI chr20:3,622,011...3,624,629
Ensembl chr20:3,622,011...3,624,629 		JBrowse link
G Vim vimentin multiple interactions EXP Carnitine inhibits the reaction [perfluorooctane sulfonic acid results in increased expression of VIM protein] CTD PMID:28973641 NCBI chr17:81,577,261...81,585,746
Ensembl chr17:76,668,647...76,677,187 		JBrowse link
4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Bbox1 gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase 1 multiple interactions ISO [BBOX1 protein co-treated with Ketoglutaric Acids] results in increased metabolism of gamma-butyrobetaine CTD PMID:21439360 NCBI chr 3:96,822,654...96,871,786
Ensembl chr 3:96,822,655...96,871,458 		JBrowse link
G Idh2 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2 multiple interactions
increases abundance 		ISO Triazines inhibits the reaction [IDH2 protein mutant form results in increased abundance of gamma-butyrobetaine] CTD PMID:27469509 NCBI chr 1:134,038,644...134,057,969
Ensembl chr 1:134,029,772...134,058,025 		JBrowse link
CAR(3:0(Me2)) term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Slc22a5 solute carrier family 22 member 5 affects binding
increases uptake
multiple interactions
increases transport 		ISO
EXP 		pivaloylcarnitine binds to SLC22A5 protein
SLC22A5 protein results in increased uptake of pivaloylcarnitine
Carnitine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased transport of pivaloylcarnitine]; pivaloylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [SLC22A5 protein results in increased transport of Carnitine] 		CTD PMID:18762717 PMID:19539806 NCBI chr10:38,008,303...38,035,474
Ensembl chr10:38,008,311...38,035,309 		JBrowse link
carnitine term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Acacb acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta decreases expression EXP L-carnitine decreases expression of Acacb mRNA and protein in rat heart RGD PMID:30644033 RGD:329955369 NCBI chr12:42,365,800...42,477,651
Ensembl chr12:42,366,548...42,457,655 		JBrowse link
G Cpt1a carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A increases expression
multiple interactions 		EXP L-carnitine increases expression of Cpt1a mRNA and protein in rat heart
L-carnitine inhibits the reaction [sunitinib decreases expression of Cpt1a mRNA and protein in rat heart] 		RGD PMID:30644033 PMID:30644033 RGD:329955369, RGD:329955369 NCBI chr 1:209,993,881...210,056,329
Ensembl chr 1:200,565,613...200,627,055 		JBrowse link
G Mlycd malonyl-CoA decarboxylase increases expression
multiple interactions 		EXP L-carnitine increases expression of Mlycd protein in rat heart
L-carnitine inhibits the reaction [sunitinib increases expression of Mlycd protein in rat heart] 		RGD PMID:30644033 PMID:30644033 RGD:329955369, RGD:329955369 NCBI chr19:47,447,931...47,463,794
Ensembl chr19:47,447,970...47,463,793 		JBrowse link
G Prkaa2 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 increases expression
multiple interactions 		EXP L-carnitine increases expression of Ampka2 protein in rat serum and heart
L-carnitine inhibits the reaction [sunitinib decreases expression of Ampka2 protein in rat serum and heart] 		RGD PMID:30644033 PMID:30644033 RGD:329955369, RGD:329955369 NCBI chr 5:119,807,992...119,879,987
Ensembl chr 5:119,813,226...119,879,543 		JBrowse link
O-acetyl-L-carnitine term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Ache acetylcholinesterase multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Dexamethasone results in decreased activity of ACHE protein]; Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Dexamethasone results in increased activity of ACHE protein] CTD PMID:21986892 NCBI chr12:19,406,133...19,413,713
Ensembl chr12:19,407,360...19,413,651 		JBrowse link
G Apex1 apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 increases expression EXP Acetylcarnitine results in increased expression of APEX1 mRNA CTD PMID:14654561 NCBI chr15:24,144,595...24,146,785
Ensembl chr15:24,144,362...24,146,785 		JBrowse link
G Atp6v1f ATPase H+ transporting V1 subunit F increases expression EXP Acetylcarnitine results in increased expression of ATP6V1F mRNA CTD PMID:14654561 NCBI chr 4:58,067,666...58,070,628 JBrowse link
G C1qa complement C1q A chain decreases expression ISO Acetylcarnitine results in decreased expression of C1QA mRNA CTD PMID:19555370 NCBI chr 5:149,133,635...149,136,482
Ensembl chr 5:149,133,636...149,136,534 		JBrowse link
G C4b complement C4B decreases expression ISO Acetylcarnitine results in decreased expression of C4B mRNA CTD PMID:19555370 NCBI chr20:4,197,371...4,211,684
Ensembl chr20:4,197,366...4,211,681 		JBrowse link
G Casp3 caspase 3 multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [sodium arsenite results in increased activity of CASP3 protein]; Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Selenite results in increased expression of CASP3 mRNA] CTD PMID:20067779 PMID:29278859 NCBI chr16:52,395,539...52,413,794
Ensembl chr16:45,662,910...45,684,648 		JBrowse link
G Casp9 caspase 9 multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [sodium arsenite results in increased activity of CASP9 protein] CTD PMID:29278859 Ensembl chr 5:154,109,046...154,126,626 JBrowse link
G Cat catalase multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [sodium arsenite results in decreased activity of CAT protein]; Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Selenite results in decreased expression of CAT mRNA] CTD PMID:20067779 PMID:26349760 PMID:29278859 NCBI chr 3:110,297,340...110,329,526
Ensembl chr 3:89,842,399...89,874,478 		JBrowse link
G Col2a1 collagen type II alpha 1 chain multiple interactions EXP [COL2A1 protein co-treated with Freund's Adjuvant] results in decreased abundance of Acetylcarnitine CTD PMID:24709313 NCBI chr 7:129,098,489...129,127,560
Ensembl chr 7:129,098,786...129,127,546 		JBrowse link
G Cs citrate synthase decreases activity EXP Acetylcarnitine results in decreased activity of CS protein CTD PMID:9821151 NCBI chr 7:1,348,389...1,374,624
Ensembl chr 7:758,345...791,421 		JBrowse link
G Ctss cathepsin S decreases expression ISO Acetylcarnitine results in decreased expression of CTSS mRNA CTD PMID:19555370 NCBI chr 2:183,086,437...183,114,483
Ensembl chr 2:183,086,437...183,114,483 		JBrowse link
G Cxcl14 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 14 decreases expression ISO Acetylcarnitine results in decreased expression of CXCL14 mRNA CTD PMID:19555370 NCBI chr17:8,317,930...8,325,956
Ensembl chr17:8,317,933...8,324,839 		JBrowse link
G Egr1 early growth response 1 multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Selenite results in increased expression of EGR1 mRNA] CTD PMID:20067779 NCBI chr18:26,737,078...26,740,877
Ensembl chr18:26,462,981...26,466,766 		JBrowse link
G Gfap glial fibrillary acidic protein decreases expression ISO Acetylcarnitine results in decreased expression of GFAP mRNA CTD PMID:19555370 NCBI chr10:87,852,891...87,861,631
Ensembl chr10:87,852,890...87,861,589 		JBrowse link
G Gsr glutathione-disulfide reductase multiple interactions ISO Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Acetaminophen results in decreased expression of GSR protein] CTD PMID:26265018 NCBI chr16:58,482,209...58,525,256
Ensembl chr16:58,482,505...58,525,661 		JBrowse link
G Gstp1 glutathione S-transferase pi 1 multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine affects the reaction [Dexamethasone results in decreased expression of GSTP1 mRNA] CTD PMID:21986892 NCBI chr 1:210,767,237...210,770,242
Ensembl chr 1:201,321,672...201,340,226 		JBrowse link
G Hmox1 heme oxygenase 1 multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine affects the reaction [Dexamethasone results in increased expression of HMOX1 mRNA] CTD PMID:21986892 NCBI chr19:13,466,287...13,474,082
Ensembl chr19:13,467,244...13,474,079 		JBrowse link
G Hmox2 heme oxygenase 2 multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine affects the reaction [Dexamethasone results in increased expression of HMOX2 mRNA] CTD PMID:21986892 NCBI chr10:10,797,076...10,831,178
Ensembl chr10:10,797,055...10,831,148 		JBrowse link
G Hspb1 heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 decreases expression EXP Acetylcarnitine results in decreased expression of HSPB1 mRNA CTD PMID:14654561 NCBI chr12:20,794,014...20,795,675
Ensembl chr12:20,794,028...20,795,743 		JBrowse link
G Idh2 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2 increases abundance
multiple interactions 		ISO IDH2 protein mutant form results in increased abundance of Acetylcarnitine
Triazines inhibits the reaction [IDH2 protein mutant form results in increased abundance of Acetylcarnitine] 		CTD PMID:27469509 NCBI chr 1:134,038,644...134,057,969
Ensembl chr 1:134,029,772...134,058,025 		JBrowse link
G Il1b interleukin 1 beta multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [sodium arsenite results in increased expression of IL1B protein] CTD PMID:29278859 NCBI chr 3:116,577,005...116,583,386
Ensembl chr 3:116,577,010...116,583,415 		JBrowse link
G Il6 interleukin 6 multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [sodium arsenite results in increased expression of IL6 protein] CTD PMID:29278859 NCBI chr 4:5,214,602...5,219,178
Ensembl chr 4:5,213,394...5,219,178 		JBrowse link
G Mgst1 microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 increases expression EXP Acetylcarnitine results in increased expression of MGST1 mRNA CTD PMID:14654561 NCBI chr 4:171,029,666...171,044,893
Ensembl chr 4:171,029,630...171,044,892 		JBrowse link
G Mt-co1 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Selenite results in decreased expression of COX1 mRNA] CTD PMID:20067779 NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
NCBI chr MT:5,323...6,867
Ensembl chr MT:5,323...6,867 		JBrowse link
G Ngf nerve growth factor multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Cisplatin results in decreased expression of NGF protein] CTD PMID:14654561 NCBI chr 2:189,901,058...189,954,452
Ensembl chr 2:189,901,058...189,954,452 		JBrowse link
G Nos1 nitric oxide synthase 1 multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine affects the reaction [Dexamethasone results in increased expression of NOS1 mRNA] CTD PMID:21986892 NCBI chr12:38,615,111...38,795,492
Ensembl chr12:38,626,714...38,710,945 		JBrowse link
G Nos2 nitric oxide synthase 2 multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine affects the reaction [Dexamethasone results in increased expression of NOS2 mRNA] CTD PMID:21986892 NCBI chr10:63,815,308...63,851,208
Ensembl chr10:63,815,308...63,851,210 		JBrowse link
G Pah phenylalanine hydroxylase decreases expression ISO Acetylcarnitine results in decreased expression of PAH mRNA CTD PMID:19555370 NCBI chr 7:21,933,179...21,998,134
Ensembl chr 7:21,933,179...21,998,130 		JBrowse link
G Pink1 PTEN induced kinase 1 multiple interactions ISO Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Cadmium results in increased expression of PINK1] CTD PMID:25464205 NCBI chr 5:150,530,523...150,542,635
Ensembl chr 5:150,530,523...150,542,635 		JBrowse link
G Ppargc1a PPARG coactivator 1 alpha increases expression
multiple interactions 		ISO Acetylcarnitine results in increased expression of PPARGC1A protein
[Acetylcarnitine co-treated with Thioctic Acid] results in increased expression of PPARGC1A protein 		CTD PMID:20414966 NCBI chr14:58,860,752...59,516,525
Ensembl chr14:58,861,144...59,512,656 		JBrowse link
G Prkn parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase multiple interactions ISO Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Cadmium results in increased expression of PRKN] CTD PMID:25464205 NCBI chr 1:51,236,410...52,430,242
Ensembl chr 1:48,690,556...49,882,555 		JBrowse link
G Psmb6 proteasome 20S subunit beta 6 increases expression EXP Acetylcarnitine results in increased expression of PSMB6 mRNA CTD PMID:14654561 NCBI chr10:55,239,256...55,241,586
Ensembl chr10:55,239,241...55,241,586 		JBrowse link
G Ptma prothymosin alpha increases expression EXP Acetylcarnitine results in increased expression of PTMA mRNA CTD PMID:14654561 NCBI chr 9:87,176,251...87,180,333
Ensembl chr 9:87,176,230...87,180,333 		JBrowse link
G Rela RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [sodium arsenite results in increased expression of RELA protein] CTD PMID:29278859 NCBI chr 1:202,925,001...202,935,484
Ensembl chr 1:202,924,945...202,935,484 		JBrowse link
G Rps17 ribosomal protein S17 increases expression EXP Acetylcarnitine results in increased expression of RPS17 mRNA CTD PMID:14654561 NCBI chr 1:135,295,920...135,298,506
Ensembl chr 1:135,295,919...135,298,535
Ensembl chr 8:135,295,919...135,298,535 		JBrowse link
G Skap2 src kinase associated phosphoprotein 2 decreases expression ISO Acetylcarnitine results in decreased expression of SKAP2 mRNA CTD PMID:19555370 NCBI chr 4:80,948,832...81,100,900
Ensembl chr 4:80,950,580...81,100,891 		JBrowse link
G Slc25a20 solute carrier family 25 member 20 multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide results in decreased activity of SLC25A20 protein] CTD PMID:23402788 NCBI chr 8:109,365,056...109,386,512
Ensembl chr 8:109,365,002...109,386,512 		JBrowse link
G Snca synuclein alpha multiple interactions ISO [Acetylcarnitine co-treated with Thioctic Acid] inhibits the reaction [Rotenone results in increased expression of SNCA protein]; Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Rotenone results in increased expression of SNCA protein] CTD PMID:20414966 NCBI chr 4:89,696,420...89,797,240
Ensembl chr 4:89,696,420...89,796,262 		JBrowse link
G Tnni3 troponin I3, cardiac type multiple interactions EXP Acetylcarnitine inhibits the reaction [Cisplatin results in increased expression of TNNI3 protein] CTD PMID:21034734 NCBI chr 1:69,299,900...69,303,582
Ensembl chr 1:69,299,900...69,303,580 		JBrowse link
O-butanoyl-L-carnitine term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Idh2 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2 multiple interactions
increases abundance 		ISO Triazines inhibits the reaction [IDH2 protein mutant form results in increased abundance of butyrylcarnitine] CTD PMID:27469509 NCBI chr 1:134,038,644...134,057,969
Ensembl chr 1:134,029,772...134,058,025 		JBrowse link
O-octanoylcarnitine term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Crot carnitine O-octanoyltransferase increases chemical synthesis ISO CROT protein results in increased chemical synthesis of octanoylcarnitine CTD PMID:6838215 NCBI chr 4:26,031,729...26,088,057
Ensembl chr 4:25,080,587...25,133,109 		JBrowse link
O-palmitoylcarnitine term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Col2a1 collagen type II alpha 1 chain multiple interactions EXP [COL2A1 protein co-treated with Freund's Adjuvant] results in decreased abundance of Palmitoylcarnitine CTD PMID:24709313 NCBI chr 7:129,098,489...129,127,560
Ensembl chr 7:129,098,786...129,127,546 		JBrowse link
G Gls glutaminase increases chemical synthesis ISO GLS protein results in increased chemical synthesis of Palmitoylcarnitine CTD PMID:31040181 NCBI chr 9:49,344,616...49,416,900
Ensembl chr 9:49,344,781...49,416,900 		JBrowse link
G Ppp3r1 protein phosphatase 3, regulatory subunit B, alpha decreases metabolic processing ISO PPP3R1 gene mutant form results in decreased metabolism of Palmitoylcarnitine CTD PMID:19700627 NCBI chr14:91,556,743...91,606,391
Ensembl chr14:91,604,121...91,606,907 		JBrowse link
G Prkaa1 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 increases chemical synthesis ISO PRKAA1 protein results in increased chemical synthesis of Palmitoylcarnitine CTD PMID:31040181 NCBI chr 2:54,240,298...54,275,978
Ensembl chr 2:54,240,137...54,275,978 		JBrowse link
O-propanoyl-L-carnitine term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G App amyloid beta precursor protein increases abundance
multiple interactions 		ISO APP protein mutant form results in increased abundance of propionylcarnitine
PF-06840003 inhibits the reaction [APP protein mutant form results in increased abundance of propionylcarnitine]
[APP protein mutant form co-treated with PSEN1 protein mutant form co-treated with PF-06840003] results in decreased abundance of propionylcarnitine 		CTD PMID:39172838 NCBI chr11:24,019,774...24,236,584
Ensembl chr11:24,019,778...24,236,561 		JBrowse link
G Mapt microtubule-associated protein tau decreases abundance
multiple interactions 		ISO MAPT protein mutant form results in decreased abundance of propionylcarnitine
PF-06840003 inhibits the reaction [MAPT protein mutant form results in decreased abundance of propionylcarnitine] 		CTD PMID:39172838 NCBI chr10:89,638,618...89,736,108
Ensembl chr10:89,138,627...89,236,129 		JBrowse link
G Psen1 presenilin 1 multiple interactions ISO [APP protein mutant form co-treated with PSEN1 protein mutant form co-treated with PF-06840003] results in decreased abundance of propionylcarnitine CTD PMID:39172838 NCBI chr 6:103,323,052...103,375,088
Ensembl chr 6:103,323,120...103,371,650 		JBrowse link
Term paths to the root
Path 1
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 20845
    role 20805
      biological role 20803
        biochemical role 20250
          metabolite 20231
            butyrate 114
              (3R)-4-(dimethylammonio)-3-hydroxybutanoate 0
              (R)-2-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)butyrate 0
              (R)-3-[(R)-3-hydroxybutanoyloxy]butanoate 0
              (S)-2-acetyl-2-hydroxybutanoate 0
              2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + 0
              2-hydroxybutyrate + 0
              2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyrate + 0
              2-methylacetoacetate 0
              2-oxobutanoate 0
              3-hydroxybutyrate + 0
              3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate 0
              4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)-2-oxobutyrate 0
              4-(methylamino)butyrate 0
              4-acetamidobutanoate 0
              4-amino-3-hydroxybutanoate 0
              4-hydroxybutyrate 0
              4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate + 0
              L-2,4-diaminobutyrate 0
              L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate 0
              L-2-aminobutyrate 0
              O-butyryl-L-serine residue 0
              acetoacetate 0
              carnitine + 114
              gamma-aminobutyrate + 2
              sodium butyrate 0
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 20845
    subatomic particle 20843
      composite particle 20843
        hadron 20843
          baryon 20843
            nucleon 20843
              atomic nucleus 20843
                atom 20843
                  main group element atom 20766
                    p-block element atom 20766
                      carbon group element atom 20699
                        carbon atom 20693
                          organic molecular entity 20693
                            organic ion 11511
                              organic anion 6863
                                carboxylic acid anion 2509
                                  monocarboxylic acid anion 1605
                                    fatty acid anion 138
                                      short-chain fatty acid anion 138
                                        fatty acid anion 4:0 114
                                          butyrate 114
                                            (3R)-4-(dimethylammonio)-3-hydroxybutanoate 0
                                            (R)-2-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)butyrate 0
                                            (R)-3-[(R)-3-hydroxybutanoyloxy]butanoate 0
                                            (S)-2-acetyl-2-hydroxybutanoate 0
                                            2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + 0
                                            2-hydroxybutyrate + 0
                                            2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyrate + 0
                                            2-methylacetoacetate 0
                                            2-oxobutanoate 0
                                            3-hydroxybutyrate + 0
                                            3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate 0
                                            4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)-2-oxobutyrate 0
                                            4-(methylamino)butyrate 0
                                            4-acetamidobutanoate 0
                                            4-amino-3-hydroxybutanoate 0
                                            4-hydroxybutyrate 0
                                            4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate + 0
                                            L-2,4-diaminobutyrate 0
                                            L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate 0
                                            L-2-aminobutyrate 0
                                            O-butyryl-L-serine residue 0
                                            acetoacetate 0
                                            carnitine + 114
                                            gamma-aminobutyrate + 2
                                            sodium butyrate 0
paths to the root