Elsevier Inc. light --+> 11-cis-retinal cone opsins ---- transducin complex retinoid cycle metabolic pathway visual perception processing GTP cGMP_restored glutamate membrane hyperpolarization Grk1 ---| Rho Ca-in ---| Guca1b ca efflux --+> Guca1b GRK7 ---| cone opsins cone opsins --+> Gnat2 Gucy2f glutamate --+> rod bipolar cell glutamate --+> ON-cone bipolar cell membrane hyperpolarization ---| glutamate glutamate ---| OFF-cone bipolar cell Rgs9 complex ---| Gnat1 ca efflux ---| Rcvrn Ca-in --+> Rcvrn Rcvrn ---| Grk1 Gnat2 --+> Pde6 complex Gnat1 --+> Pde6 complex transducin complex GRK7 Cngb3 ---> Ca-in ca efflux ---> Ca-out Guca1a ---- Gucy2e cGMP_restored ---- Cnga3 cGMP_restored ---- Cngb3 Arr3 ---- cone opsins light 11-cis-retinal ---- cone opsins Rho ---- transducin complex 11-cis-retinal ---- Rho Rgs9 complex OFF-cone bipolar cell cone opsins Cnga3 ---> Ca-in ON-cone bipolar cell rod bipolar cell central nervous system 11-cis-retinal Ca-in ca efflux cGMP 5'-GMP Ca-out Grk1 Rcvrn Gnat1 Gnat2 Arr3 Gucy2e Guca1a Pde6 complex Rho Guca1b Sag Guca1a --+> Gucy2e Slc24a2 Slc24a1 Ca-in ---| Guca1a Cngb1 Cnga1 Cngb3 ca efflux --+> Guca1a Cnga3